Substance Use Therapists in Glendale, CA

Photo of Susan Lee, PhD, Psychologist
Susan Lee
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I have many years of experience working with individuals from a variety of sociodemographic characteristics with a range of mental health diagnosis including but not limited to a spectrum of anxiety disorders, depression, insomnia, OCD, PTSD, as well as dual diagnoses ( substance use disorder and complex mental health disorder). In our first meeting, I will conduct a clinical interview in order to get to know you better as well as gather a thorough biopsychosocial history to understand your needs. Then based on your responses, we will have a discussion as to which therapy style is most appropriate for your treatment.
I have many years of experience working with individuals from a variety of sociodemographic characteristics with a range of mental health diagnosis including but not limited to a spectrum of anxiety disorders, depression, insomnia, OCD, PTSD, as well as dual diagnoses ( substance use disorder and complex mental health disorder). In our first meeting, I will conduct a clinical interview in order to get to know you better as well as gather a thorough biopsychosocial history to understand your needs. Then based on your responses, we will have a discussion as to which therapy style is most appropriate for your treatment.
(510) 288-6285 View (510) 288-6285
Photo of Helia Ziaee, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Helia Ziaee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I provide mental health counseling to help and guide my client(s) find a balanced life by providing a safe space to process and talk about family issues, marital conflict, job stressors, fertility, postpartum, alcohol and substance use along with other mental health concerns they may be experiencing. The therapeutic alliance is the pillar of the therapeutic process and growth. Having worked in this field for almost a decade, I believe my greatest strength is the ability to connect and empathize with my clients while building on their life skills.
I provide mental health counseling to help and guide my client(s) find a balanced life by providing a safe space to process and talk about family issues, marital conflict, job stressors, fertility, postpartum, alcohol and substance use along with other mental health concerns they may be experiencing. The therapeutic alliance is the pillar of the therapeutic process and growth. Having worked in this field for almost a decade, I believe my greatest strength is the ability to connect and empathize with my clients while building on their life skills.
(510) 288-3726 View (510) 288-3726
Photo of Alexander Gilburd, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alexander Gilburd
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I work alongside all my clients, collaboratively, developing goals that matter to them. I have an extensive background in community mental health and have helped individuals cope with symptoms related to their chronic mental illness, substance use disorders, anxiety and depression. I also have years of experience working with Autistic children and young adults. In addition, I absolutely love helping couples and families work on improving their communication! I work on fostering a special bond between myself and each client, taking a client-centered approach that respects the unique experiences that every individual brings.
I work alongside all my clients, collaboratively, developing goals that matter to them. I have an extensive background in community mental health and have helped individuals cope with symptoms related to their chronic mental illness, substance use disorders, anxiety and depression. I also have years of experience working with Autistic children and young adults. In addition, I absolutely love helping couples and families work on improving their communication! I work on fostering a special bond between myself and each client, taking a client-centered approach that respects the unique experiences that every individual brings.
(657) 571-4766 View (657) 571-4766
Photo of Luiza Arzumanian, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Luiza Arzumanian
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I have 10 years of experience in the mental health field. I utilize a blend of Cognitive Behavioral, Strengths-Based, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Solution-Focused Therapy to instill hope, bring about positive change, and empower you to reach your full potential. I have extensive experience working with individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, career issues, life transitions, grief, substance use, and cultural identity.
I have 10 years of experience in the mental health field. I utilize a blend of Cognitive Behavioral, Strengths-Based, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Solution-Focused Therapy to instill hope, bring about positive change, and empower you to reach your full potential. I have extensive experience working with individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, career issues, life transitions, grief, substance use, and cultural identity.
(949) 304-5401 View (949) 304-5401
Photo of Nicholas Charles Russi, LAADC-S, CCS, ICAADC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Nicholas Charles Russi
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LAADC-S, CCS, ICAADC
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91206
It's important to note that I am a Counselor specializing in Substance Use/Addictions/Alcoholism AND other problems that commonly associated.
**Telehealth Video sessions are available** Are you having trouble controlling your drinking but feel like "rehab" isn't for you? Have loved ones in your life pleaded with you to stop? Is your alcohol or drug use causing relationship issues? Anxiety problems? I know exactly how you’re feeling. Alcohol or drug abuse can be extremely difficult to manage on your own. For the last 19 years I’ve been helping clients navigate the personal recovery process and the trials and tribulations they come with it. If you are in a place in your life where you are ready to make some needed changes, I can help you be free from the grips of addiction.
It's important to note that I am a Counselor specializing in Substance Use/Addictions/Alcoholism AND other problems that commonly associated.
**Telehealth Video sessions are available** Are you having trouble controlling your drinking but feel like "rehab" isn't for you? Have loved ones in your life pleaded with you to stop? Is your alcohol or drug use causing relationship issues? Anxiety problems? I know exactly how you’re feeling. Alcohol or drug abuse can be extremely difficult to manage on your own. For the last 19 years I’ve been helping clients navigate the personal recovery process and the trials and tribulations they come with it. If you are in a place in your life where you are ready to make some needed changes, I can help you be free from the grips of addiction.
(323) 310-1128 View (323) 310-1128
Photo of Kevin Kuhlow, LAADC, MS, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Kevin Kuhlow
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LAADC, MS
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91205
Is alcohol or another substance holding you back? Are you a professional or executive who has found that the one thing you haven't been able to overcome is substance use? Many clinicians don't truly understand the stress and loneliness that professional success can create. My experience as a senior executive and addiction professional can help you break free and achieve your true potential. Don't let substance abuse be the one thing you haven't been able to overcome as a professional. I utilize positive counseling techniques designed to capitalize on your strengths to help you overcome substance use and achieve your potential.
Is alcohol or another substance holding you back? Are you a professional or executive who has found that the one thing you haven't been able to overcome is substance use? Many clinicians don't truly understand the stress and loneliness that professional success can create. My experience as a senior executive and addiction professional can help you break free and achieve your true potential. Don't let substance abuse be the one thing you haven't been able to overcome as a professional. I utilize positive counseling techniques designed to capitalize on your strengths to help you overcome substance use and achieve your potential.
(310) 361-4295 View (310) 361-4295
Photo of Dr. Cynthia E. Stern, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Cynthia E. Stern
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91203
Whether it's work-related stress, depression, anxiety, substance use, eating disorders or life transitions / identify awareness, I collaborate with my clients to help them regain a sense of balance.
As a seasoned psychotherapist, organizational psychologist, and mental and sports performance coach I am dedicated to optimizing the performance of teams and individual athletes. With a deep understanding of the mental aspects that can either enhance or compromise leadership and athletic prowess, I specialize in crafting tailored strategies to help organizations and athletes to achieve peak performance with unwavering confidence in their industry and/or sport.
Whether it's work-related stress, depression, anxiety, substance use, eating disorders or life transitions / identify awareness, I collaborate with my clients to help them regain a sense of balance.
As a seasoned psychotherapist, organizational psychologist, and mental and sports performance coach I am dedicated to optimizing the performance of teams and individual athletes. With a deep understanding of the mental aspects that can either enhance or compromise leadership and athletic prowess, I specialize in crafting tailored strategies to help organizations and athletes to achieve peak performance with unwavering confidence in their industry and/or sport.
(747) 998-0346 View (747) 998-0346
Photo of Antonio Flores, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Antonio Flores
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91203
Do you suffer from restlessness, anxiety, depression, co-dependency, substance-use or ruminations? Do you feel your negative thinking and relationship patterns are keeping you stuck? Do you have difficulty with motivation or figuring out what’s the next best step? Would you benefit from exploring unresolved trauma or developing a new personal narrative? Acknowledging there’s a problem is the first step to changing your trajectory. I can help you to let go of blocks and distortions. We can work together to develop your vision for cultivating a better life and healthier relationships in a safe setting.
Do you suffer from restlessness, anxiety, depression, co-dependency, substance-use or ruminations? Do you feel your negative thinking and relationship patterns are keeping you stuck? Do you have difficulty with motivation or figuring out what’s the next best step? Would you benefit from exploring unresolved trauma or developing a new personal narrative? Acknowledging there’s a problem is the first step to changing your trajectory. I can help you to let go of blocks and distortions. We can work together to develop your vision for cultivating a better life and healthier relationships in a safe setting.
(323) 991-8890 View (323) 991-8890
Photo of Lindsay Snaer, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Lindsay Snaer
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91208
I work with a multitude of challenges, such as emotional dysregulation, anxiety, depression, academics, peer conflict, low self-esteem, attachment issues, grief, substance use, Autism & ADHD.
Animating Principle is where critical thinking meets compassion! As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I pride myself on utilizing my sharp clinical skills to deliver compassionate therapy in a creative, non-clinical setting. I provide therapy to all ages on a wide range of presenting issues using an integrative approach. I also facilitate groups, and offer mentoring and coping classes for youth. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities including Humanistic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Existential, and Solution Focused.
I work with a multitude of challenges, such as emotional dysregulation, anxiety, depression, academics, peer conflict, low self-esteem, attachment issues, grief, substance use, Autism & ADHD.
Animating Principle is where critical thinking meets compassion! As an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, I pride myself on utilizing my sharp clinical skills to deliver compassionate therapy in a creative, non-clinical setting. I provide therapy to all ages on a wide range of presenting issues using an integrative approach. I also facilitate groups, and offer mentoring and coping classes for youth. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic modalities including Humanistic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Existential, and Solution Focused.
(818) 351-1874 View (818) 351-1874
Photo of Alyssa Bray, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alyssa Bray
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I specialize in depression/anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, substance use disorders, co-dependency and other ACA-related issues, spirituality issues, and issues in adolescents.
Sometimes when life throws us a curve ball, or when we are dealing with a more chronic, ongoing challenge, talking to a therapist can help us see our inner strengths and abilities which can help us successfully navigate through these challenging times. Talking to a therapist can also help us push ourselves to reach even greater personal goals.
I specialize in depression/anxiety, trauma, relationship challenges, substance use disorders, co-dependency and other ACA-related issues, spirituality issues, and issues in adolescents.
Sometimes when life throws us a curve ball, or when we are dealing with a more chronic, ongoing challenge, talking to a therapist can help us see our inner strengths and abilities which can help us successfully navigate through these challenging times. Talking to a therapist can also help us push ourselves to reach even greater personal goals.
(626) 538-8517 View (626) 538-8517
Photo of Lanikai Clouse, PsyD, Psychologist
Lanikai Clouse
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91206
I specialize in co-occurring disorders, particularly mood and trauma related disorders and substance use.
"With almost 20 years clinical experience, I specialize in providing treatment tailored for individuals and couples who recognize that there is something interfering with their ability to function or enjoy their daily life. Utilizing a variety of techniques, I help my patients identify their immediate needs and their long-term goals. I work with both the first-time therapy patient as well as with those that have experience in the therapeutic process. I believe that we desire purpose and connection. I assist in exploring life's choices to improve clarity, relationships and an overall state of well-being."
I specialize in co-occurring disorders, particularly mood and trauma related disorders and substance use.
"With almost 20 years clinical experience, I specialize in providing treatment tailored for individuals and couples who recognize that there is something interfering with their ability to function or enjoy their daily life. Utilizing a variety of techniques, I help my patients identify their immediate needs and their long-term goals. I work with both the first-time therapy patient as well as with those that have experience in the therapeutic process. I believe that we desire purpose and connection. I assist in exploring life's choices to improve clarity, relationships and an overall state of well-being."
(626) 344-9985 View (626) 344-9985
Photo of Kate Hurley, PsyD, Psychologist
Kate Hurley
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91201  (Online Only)
I've been in private practice in San Francisco, Los Angeles and now Marin and have a lot of experience working with people from many different backgrounds, on numerous areas of injury and subsequent growth. I've specialized in collaborating with people recovering from traumatic experiences, entering or deepening their recovery from addiction and substance use, creating and experiencing stronger more satisfying relationships and cultivating and developing the neural networking and tools for increased emotional regulation and enduring sense of wellbeing. I focus on building resiliency both in relationship and individually.
I've been in private practice in San Francisco, Los Angeles and now Marin and have a lot of experience working with people from many different backgrounds, on numerous areas of injury and subsequent growth. I've specialized in collaborating with people recovering from traumatic experiences, entering or deepening their recovery from addiction and substance use, creating and experiencing stronger more satisfying relationships and cultivating and developing the neural networking and tools for increased emotional regulation and enduring sense of wellbeing. I focus on building resiliency both in relationship and individually.
(323) 451-2243 View (323) 451-2243
Photo of Katerina Stafford, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katerina Stafford
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91206
My name is Katerina Stafford, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have been providing therapeutic services for over 20 years and specialize in individual, adolescent, and adult clients, focused on personal growth, healing from trauma, and co-occurring mental health and substance use diagnoses. I am an LGBTQIA+ ally and fluent in Spanish. I am a client-centered therapist and believe that each client knows their own journey and needs.
My name is Katerina Stafford, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have been providing therapeutic services for over 20 years and specialize in individual, adolescent, and adult clients, focused on personal growth, healing from trauma, and co-occurring mental health and substance use diagnoses. I am an LGBTQIA+ ally and fluent in Spanish. I am a client-centered therapist and believe that each client knows their own journey and needs.
(559) 523-4327 View (559) 523-4327
Photo of Kelly Albrecht, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kelly Albrecht
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91201
With expertise in substance use disorder, ADHD, bipolar and personality disorders, my holistic approach to therapy prioritizes safety and healing, with trauma-informed care.
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, IFS, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
With expertise in substance use disorder, ADHD, bipolar and personality disorders, my holistic approach to therapy prioritizes safety and healing, with trauma-informed care.
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, IFS, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
(323) 313-0351 View (323) 313-0351
Photo of Kelsey Milano, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kelsey Milano
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Glendale, CA 91201
Seeking therapy is a courageous act. It is a crucial step toward knowing yourself and facing the things you fear the most. Sometimes this sense of fear or anxiety has been lifelong, other times something has happened that completely upends a person’s life. There are also those who appear as though they are keeping it together, while inside they are falling apart. I work with adults, elders and teenagers who no longer want to feel controlled by their fear. They might struggle with identity, purpose, career, substance use, eating disorders, trauma and of course relationships. Many are also queer and/or artists.
Seeking therapy is a courageous act. It is a crucial step toward knowing yourself and facing the things you fear the most. Sometimes this sense of fear or anxiety has been lifelong, other times something has happened that completely upends a person’s life. There are also those who appear as though they are keeping it together, while inside they are falling apart. I work with adults, elders and teenagers who no longer want to feel controlled by their fear. They might struggle with identity, purpose, career, substance use, eating disorders, trauma and of course relationships. Many are also queer and/or artists.
(323) 948-6131 View (323) 948-6131
Photo of Mark Sayre, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mark Sayre
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91205
I also spent 3 years working primarily on substance use disorders, many of which also had co-occurring severe mental health issues including dissociative and thought disorders.
My name is Mark Sayre, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), and I have worked with individuals, couples, and families seeking counseling for over 18 years, both online and in person. I have worked with individuals, groups, couples, and families seeking counseling for over 18 years, both online and in person. Currently, I am enjoying working one-on-one with individuals via telehealth. Most of my career was spent working with people with moderate to severe mental health issues in the areas of Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, Trauma, and Stress related issues.
I also spent 3 years working primarily on substance use disorders, many of which also had co-occurring severe mental health issues including dissociative and thought disorders.
My name is Mark Sayre, and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), and I have worked with individuals, couples, and families seeking counseling for over 18 years, both online and in person. I have worked with individuals, groups, couples, and families seeking counseling for over 18 years, both online and in person. Currently, I am enjoying working one-on-one with individuals via telehealth. Most of my career was spent working with people with moderate to severe mental health issues in the areas of Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, PTSD, Trauma, and Stress related issues.
(951) 494-6248 View (951) 494-6248
Photo of Claudia Perez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Claudia Perez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91205
Hi there, my name is Claudia Perez and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in San Diego, California. I'm here to create a lighthearted space for clients to unpack various areas in life such as childhood adversities, generational trauma, relationships, grief, traumatic events, substance use, and family dynamics, among other significant areas. This may be your first time sharing your story with someone; I applaud you for taking the first step in your journey to healing and growth.
Hi there, my name is Claudia Perez and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in San Diego, California. I'm here to create a lighthearted space for clients to unpack various areas in life such as childhood adversities, generational trauma, relationships, grief, traumatic events, substance use, and family dynamics, among other significant areas. This may be your first time sharing your story with someone; I applaud you for taking the first step in your journey to healing and growth.
(916) 744-2687 View (916) 744-2687
Photo of Kelly Albrecht, ASW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Kelly Albrecht
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91204
With expertise in substance use disorder, ADHD, bipolar and personality disorders, my holistic approach to therapy prioritizes safety and healing, with trauma-informed care.
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, IFS, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
With expertise in substance use disorder, ADHD, bipolar and personality disorders, my holistic approach to therapy prioritizes safety and healing, with trauma-informed care.
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, IFS, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
(626) 790-2865 View (626) 790-2865
Photo of Sean Sprigle, LPCC
Sean Sprigle
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I am direct but compassionate, as I was a client before becoming and therapist. I specialize in the areas that I used to struggle myself. I have significant experience skills and knowledge and often educate my clients regarding why we are moving in certain directions. I utilize various therapeutic modalities, resources, and skills to help my clients achieve the progress and freedom they desire.
I am direct but compassionate, as I was a client before becoming and therapist. I specialize in the areas that I used to struggle myself. I have significant experience skills and knowledge and often educate my clients regarding why we are moving in certain directions. I utilize various therapeutic modalities, resources, and skills to help my clients achieve the progress and freedom they desire.
(530) 296-3758 View (530) 296-3758
Photo of Bonnie Doughty, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Bonnie Doughty
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, CA 91203  (Online Only)
I have been working in the mental health field for 20 years. I have a particular focus on helping people with substance abuse challenges including food and nicotine. I will support you in practicing harm reduction or abstinence depending on your goals. I also work with people trying to manage relationships, moods, life transitions, or other situations that are causing discomfort in their life. I practice Feedback Informed Care so that you have a voice in what direction your therapy goes and we partner in finding ways for you to heal.
I have been working in the mental health field for 20 years. I have a particular focus on helping people with substance abuse challenges including food and nicotine. I will support you in practicing harm reduction or abstinence depending on your goals. I also work with people trying to manage relationships, moods, life transitions, or other situations that are causing discomfort in their life. I practice Feedback Informed Care so that you have a voice in what direction your therapy goes and we partner in finding ways for you to heal.
(510) 800-7305 View (510) 800-7305
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Substance Use Therapists

How do substance and drug recovery or rehabilitation programs work?

In inpatient programs, individuals live in a facility with other clients in recovery; in outpatient programs, individuals reside at home. These facilities are staffed with healthcare professionals including physicians, nurses, psychologists, counselors, and psychotherapists. Staff often also includes people who have recovered themselves, serving as mentors and guides. These programs may use abstinence, harm reduction, detoxification, psychotherapy, and other methods.

How do 12-step programs combined with psychotherapy work?

Members of 12-step programs help each other reach abstinence and work to maintain it. These programs promote complete change in the individual’s emotional, mental, physical, and even spiritual perspectives. Some programs require that new members attend 90 meetings in 90 days. Many people do attend these programs in conjunction with their work in psychotherapy; the combination of therapy along with 12-step can be extremely effective.

How does harm reduction combined with psychotherapy work?

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, harm reduction prevents death, injury, disease, overdose, and substance misuse. People who choose harm reduction for substance use reduce the amount of drugs they consume. It is not abstinence-based like a 12-step program, but combining harm reduction with psychotherapy proves to be effective for many people.

Are there specific medications for substance and drug use?

There are medications approved to treat substance use disorder—such as buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone, and acamprosate. These medications do help people cope with substance use as well as avoid the problem of relapse. Naltrexone can help reduce cravings, methadone is an opioid medication used to treat severe pain, and acamprosate may help ease symptoms like poor sleep and anxious feelings.