Emotionally Focused Therapists in Chico, CA

Photo of Nancy Lynn Neidhardt, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nancy Lynn Neidhardt
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
I am trained in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy and have been fortunate to work with many couples.
Hello there! My name is Nancy L. Neidhardt and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Are Anxiety/Depression showing up more often than you feel able to handle? Sometimes life presents us with challenges that either seem insurmountable or are just better tackled with someone by our side. I would like to be that person. I absolutely love working with people of all ages, especially elders, families, and couples . My biggest strength as a counselor is that I am in awe with each and every life story I am told, and feel honored when clients trust me on their healing journey. I hope you will embark on yours with me!
I am trained in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy and have been fortunate to work with many couples.
Hello there! My name is Nancy L. Neidhardt and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. Are Anxiety/Depression showing up more often than you feel able to handle? Sometimes life presents us with challenges that either seem insurmountable or are just better tackled with someone by our side. I would like to be that person. I absolutely love working with people of all ages, especially elders, families, and couples . My biggest strength as a counselor is that I am in awe with each and every life story I am told, and feel honored when clients trust me on their healing journey. I hope you will embark on yours with me!
(530) 451-3662 View (530) 451-3662
Photo of Julie Liukkonen, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julie Liukkonen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
My training is in Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy; somatic and relational psychotherapy; Emotionally Focused Therapy, neuroscience and mind-body wellness.
Are you exhausted and overwhelmed? Do you long for better connection with others? Are you filled with worry, regret or unresolvable grief? Do you struggle to be content and to care for yourself? I am a relational psychotherapist in my third decade of private practice. I have a deeply compassionate presence and you will come to feel seen, safe and understood in our work together. You will experience increasing empathy for yourself and your needs. You will shift unhealthy patterns with relationships, food, alcohol, substances and actions through lifestyle-based interventions and by making inner shifts leading to behavioral changes.
My training is in Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy; somatic and relational psychotherapy; Emotionally Focused Therapy, neuroscience and mind-body wellness.
Are you exhausted and overwhelmed? Do you long for better connection with others? Are you filled with worry, regret or unresolvable grief? Do you struggle to be content and to care for yourself? I am a relational psychotherapist in my third decade of private practice. I have a deeply compassionate presence and you will come to feel seen, safe and understood in our work together. You will experience increasing empathy for yourself and your needs. You will shift unhealthy patterns with relationships, food, alcohol, substances and actions through lifestyle-based interventions and by making inner shifts leading to behavioral changes.
(530) 763-1153 View (530) 763-1153
Photo of Lisa Hancock, MS, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Hancock
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
For couples desiring to mend a lack of connection, I use EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy).
Accepting New Clients. In my 21 years of supporting people with all sorts of issues, it’s certainly clear that we just don’t get through life unscathed. We can find ourselves feeling overwhelmed and we can even feel unsafe. You may be experiencing an impasse and struggle to connect in your relationships. Maybe you have taken on negative beliefs about yourself. Having had tough transitions or traumatic events, you may now want some assistance. I offer a warm and authentic relationship creating safety to assist as you find your way.
For couples desiring to mend a lack of connection, I use EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy).
Accepting New Clients. In my 21 years of supporting people with all sorts of issues, it’s certainly clear that we just don’t get through life unscathed. We can find ourselves feeling overwhelmed and we can even feel unsafe. You may be experiencing an impasse and struggle to connect in your relationships. Maybe you have taken on negative beliefs about yourself. Having had tough transitions or traumatic events, you may now want some assistance. I offer a warm and authentic relationship creating safety to assist as you find your way.
(530) 419-5232 View (530) 419-5232
Photo of Pattie Pardini-Barrett, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pattie Pardini-Barrett
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
Waitlist for new clients
I also work with couples and have advanced training in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment model.
Life can be very overwhelming at times and connections with others are important. Sometimes we have difficulty connecting and overreact and don't know why. Sometimes we have unmet needs but we’re not really sure what those are. Sometimes we are in a loving relationship but we shift from closeness to distance. Sometimes we have difficulty expressing how we really feel and tend to focus on others rather than ourselves. If any of this sounds familiar therapy in a safe setting may be helpful. We all want to feel good about ourselves and our lives. Sharing our issues,needs, and goals can help to move us forward
I also work with couples and have advanced training in Emotionally Focused Therapy, an attachment model.
Life can be very overwhelming at times and connections with others are important. Sometimes we have difficulty connecting and overreact and don't know why. Sometimes we have unmet needs but we’re not really sure what those are. Sometimes we are in a loving relationship but we shift from closeness to distance. Sometimes we have difficulty expressing how we really feel and tend to focus on others rather than ourselves. If any of this sounds familiar therapy in a safe setting may be helpful. We all want to feel good about ourselves and our lives. Sharing our issues,needs, and goals can help to move us forward
(530) 290-6795 View (530) 290-6795
Photo of Maija Clarke, PsyD, Psychologist
Maija Clarke
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
I have completed advanced training in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT).
Life can be difficult. Maybe you are looking for new ideas, support, or you are ready to make some changes in your life. I believe that all of us can change and positive things can happen. I provide a warm and supportive environment that focuses on your needs and goals in life. Together we can develop a treatment plan that will enable you to make the changes you want in life.
I have completed advanced training in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT).
Life can be difficult. Maybe you are looking for new ideas, support, or you are ready to make some changes in your life. I believe that all of us can change and positive things can happen. I provide a warm and supportive environment that focuses on your needs and goals in life. Together we can develop a treatment plan that will enable you to make the changes you want in life.
(530) 433-5615 View (530) 433-5615
Photo of Nicholas Malone, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Nicholas Malone
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95928  (Online Only)
I am nationally certified as an Emotionally Focused Couples therapist and supervisor candidate.
While I have trained extensively in different therapy models, which has provided me with an in-depth psychological reference, many years of working with people has taught me relationship is central to the heart of therapy. Relationship with oneself, relationship with the therapist and my relationship with myself. The creation of an authentic relationship is a personal process that requires an open heart and an informed sensitive approach. I enjoy getting to know people. Learning about and developing relationship with my clients as well as participating in their growth brings richness to my life.I look forward to meeting you.
I am nationally certified as an Emotionally Focused Couples therapist and supervisor candidate.
While I have trained extensively in different therapy models, which has provided me with an in-depth psychological reference, many years of working with people has taught me relationship is central to the heart of therapy. Relationship with oneself, relationship with the therapist and my relationship with myself. The creation of an authentic relationship is a personal process that requires an open heart and an informed sensitive approach. I enjoy getting to know people. Learning about and developing relationship with my clients as well as participating in their growth brings richness to my life.I look forward to meeting you.
(530) 392-4263 View (530) 392-4263
Photo of Jeanine Salakar, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jeanine Salakar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95926  (Online Only)
Please email only, easiest to reach me. I’m offering telehealth only at this time. I have been working with individuals and families for two decades. My current specialties include individuals and elders. My training is primarily attachment-based, relational, and emotionally focused therapy as well as jungian focus. And I am fascinated with how we are going to all age well in this culture, so I very much enjoy working with people adjusting to later life. I have also learned since a fairly young age that there is a ton of grief we all need to attend to, I appreciate offering support while people are dealing with pain.
Please email only, easiest to reach me. I’m offering telehealth only at this time. I have been working with individuals and families for two decades. My current specialties include individuals and elders. My training is primarily attachment-based, relational, and emotionally focused therapy as well as jungian focus. And I am fascinated with how we are going to all age well in this culture, so I very much enjoy working with people adjusting to later life. I have also learned since a fairly young age that there is a ton of grief we all need to attend to, I appreciate offering support while people are dealing with pain.
(530) 402-8116 View (530) 402-8116
Photo of Heather Elizabeth Keag, AMFT
Heather Elizabeth Keag
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, AMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
Hi. My name is Heather Keag, and I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Associate, based in Chico, CA, offering individual therapy for youth and adults. I genuinely connect with & love developing a trusting therapeutic relationship with children, teenagers, and young adults. I proudly bring 20+ years of youth development work experience into my clinical practice. As a therapist, I have experience working with clients who are managing stressful life transitions, processing trauma, working through ongoing relationship issues, and seeking support for symptoms of anxiety & depression.
Hi. My name is Heather Keag, and I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Associate, based in Chico, CA, offering individual therapy for youth and adults. I genuinely connect with & love developing a trusting therapeutic relationship with children, teenagers, and young adults. I proudly bring 20+ years of youth development work experience into my clinical practice. As a therapist, I have experience working with clients who are managing stressful life transitions, processing trauma, working through ongoing relationship issues, and seeking support for symptoms of anxiety & depression.
(530) 683-3216 View (530) 683-3216
Photo of Jessica Darling, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Darling
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95926
I'm also trained in EFT couples therapy and Hypnosis.
All the little things add up and sometimes it feels like you're drowning in petty things; creating stress, overwhelm, and panic. Other times it makes you want to shut down and shut everything out. You believe you should be able to handle all these little things because each thing isn't really that big; and yet, you feel weak and disappointed in yourself that these "little things" are tripping you up. I'm here to tell you that you don't have to live a life of "death by a thousand cuts." Your response is normal. It's a normal response to a crazy amount of tiny things, but it's not helping. You need new tools and strategies to heal.
I'm also trained in EFT couples therapy and Hypnosis.
All the little things add up and sometimes it feels like you're drowning in petty things; creating stress, overwhelm, and panic. Other times it makes you want to shut down and shut everything out. You believe you should be able to handle all these little things because each thing isn't really that big; and yet, you feel weak and disappointed in yourself that these "little things" are tripping you up. I'm here to tell you that you don't have to live a life of "death by a thousand cuts." Your response is normal. It's a normal response to a crazy amount of tiny things, but it's not helping. You need new tools and strategies to heal.
(530) 270-3291 View (530) 270-3291
Photo of Alejandra Mora Sanchez, LCP, Psychologist
Alejandra Mora Sanchez
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
My name is Dr. Alejandra Mora-Sanchez, I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist based in Los Angeles, California, working with individuals across the state through telehealth. I am a Hispanic female and provide therapy services fluently in both Spanish and English. I have experience working with individuals and couples dealing with depression, trauma, personal growth challenges, and relationship issues. I work with various treatment modalities including Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral, and Emotionally Focused, in order to fit each client's needs.
My name is Dr. Alejandra Mora-Sanchez, I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist based in Los Angeles, California, working with individuals across the state through telehealth. I am a Hispanic female and provide therapy services fluently in both Spanish and English. I have experience working with individuals and couples dealing with depression, trauma, personal growth challenges, and relationship issues. I work with various treatment modalities including Psychodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral, and Emotionally Focused, in order to fit each client's needs.
(714) 503-8799 View (714) 503-8799
Photo of Jessica Cervantes, MSW, ACSW
Jessica Cervantes
Associate Clinical Social Worker, MSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928  (Online Only)
I am passionate about providing non-judgmental therapy and supporting clients in their healing from trauma or various challenges that life stressors can bring. I understand that painful life experiences can leave us feeling confused, trapped, ashamed, and more. Maybe you aren’t sure of the source of your anxiety or depression and want to understand yourself better. Working from a psychodynamic and relational perspective, I aim to assist you in exploring the roots of your concerns or symptoms. Through compassionate and attentive therapy, you can begin to explore new paths and help cultivate a more fulfilling and enriching life.
I am passionate about providing non-judgmental therapy and supporting clients in their healing from trauma or various challenges that life stressors can bring. I understand that painful life experiences can leave us feeling confused, trapped, ashamed, and more. Maybe you aren’t sure of the source of your anxiety or depression and want to understand yourself better. Working from a psychodynamic and relational perspective, I aim to assist you in exploring the roots of your concerns or symptoms. Through compassionate and attentive therapy, you can begin to explore new paths and help cultivate a more fulfilling and enriching life.
(530) 418-5139 View (530) 418-5139
Photo of Panthea Razavi, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Panthea Razavi
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95929  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a trauma-informed therapist with Kindred Heart Therapy Group, I choose to use a collaborative, respectful, and non-pathologizing approach which seeks to highlight an individual’s many abilities, values, skills and beliefs that are often overlooked when problems take control of their lives. I aim to create a safe space for my clients while they navigate through their unique journey of healing and growth. I am also passionate about social justice and invite sociopolitical issues into the therapy room while remaining curious as to how these impact individuals, couples, families and/or communities. I look forward to meeting you!
As a trauma-informed therapist with Kindred Heart Therapy Group, I choose to use a collaborative, respectful, and non-pathologizing approach which seeks to highlight an individual’s many abilities, values, skills and beliefs that are often overlooked when problems take control of their lives. I aim to create a safe space for my clients while they navigate through their unique journey of healing and growth. I am also passionate about social justice and invite sociopolitical issues into the therapy room while remaining curious as to how these impact individuals, couples, families and/or communities. I look forward to meeting you!
(760) 691-2223 View (760) 691-2223
Photo of Zeda Benjamin Samuel, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Zeda Benjamin Samuel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95926
Almost all of us fear our anger, but a nearly equal portion fear our love. This is a problem, since almost no one teaches us how to work with these forces or even what they are (let alone how they relate to each other as both separable and intermingling phenomena). Insofar as we fail to understand these basic facts, we remain fragmented and alienated from our own nature. We all love and hate, often in equal measure, by nature.
Almost all of us fear our anger, but a nearly equal portion fear our love. This is a problem, since almost no one teaches us how to work with these forces or even what they are (let alone how they relate to each other as both separable and intermingling phenomena). Insofar as we fail to understand these basic facts, we remain fragmented and alienated from our own nature. We all love and hate, often in equal measure, by nature.
(530) 433-0591 View (530) 433-0591
Photo of Daniel O'Donnell, MS, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Daniel O'Donnell
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
Hi, I'm glad you're here! I am passionate about therapy being a positive experience. I believe healing is rooted in connection - with oneself and others. My approach to therapy focuses on connection, attachment, and emotion to help empower individuals and teens to embrace their authentic selves and find peace and joy. My focus with couples is to foster meaningful connection, trust, intimacy, and understanding. Maybe you are finding yourself anxious, angry, or depressed. Maybe you are going through adjustments or loss. Maybe it is difficult to pinpoint what feels off. You are already doing the work by being here today.
Hi, I'm glad you're here! I am passionate about therapy being a positive experience. I believe healing is rooted in connection - with oneself and others. My approach to therapy focuses on connection, attachment, and emotion to help empower individuals and teens to embrace their authentic selves and find peace and joy. My focus with couples is to foster meaningful connection, trust, intimacy, and understanding. Maybe you are finding yourself anxious, angry, or depressed. Maybe you are going through adjustments or loss. Maybe it is difficult to pinpoint what feels off. You are already doing the work by being here today.
(530) 332-8072 View (530) 332-8072
Photo of Lisa Jellison, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa Jellison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
Finding a therapist can be a difficult endeavor. You’re looking for someone you can open up to, trust and share in some of the most painful and intimate parts of your life. It takes vulnerability and courage to reach out, and finding someone you can trust and open up to is a big piece in determining if therapy will work for you. If you’re browsing here today, you are probably looking for a caring face and a professional you can trust to navigate this season of life with. Are you facing some personal or professional struggles? Sometimes the most challenging moments in our lives can lead to the most growth and healing.
Finding a therapist can be a difficult endeavor. You’re looking for someone you can open up to, trust and share in some of the most painful and intimate parts of your life. It takes vulnerability and courage to reach out, and finding someone you can trust and open up to is a big piece in determining if therapy will work for you. If you’re browsing here today, you are probably looking for a caring face and a professional you can trust to navigate this season of life with. Are you facing some personal or professional struggles? Sometimes the most challenging moments in our lives can lead to the most growth and healing.
(530) 203-8122 View (530) 203-8122
Photo of Mara Varnell-Christensen, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Mara Varnell-Christensen
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
Hello! I'm glad you're here. Many people feel stuck. Maybe you feel stuck in old patterns which you recognize are harmful, but cannot seem to shake. Maybe you are stuck feeling depressed, anxious, stressed. Maybe you keep finding yourself in unhealthy relationship patterns. There are so many reasons you may have found yourself on my page.
Hello! I'm glad you're here. Many people feel stuck. Maybe you feel stuck in old patterns which you recognize are harmful, but cannot seem to shake. Maybe you are stuck feeling depressed, anxious, stressed. Maybe you keep finding yourself in unhealthy relationship patterns. There are so many reasons you may have found yourself on my page.
(530) 270-9299 View (530) 270-9299
Photo of Erika Miller, MS, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Erika Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95926
I specialize in helping individuals who suffer from depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, self-esteem issues, relationship issues, difficulty with boundaries, co-dependency, intimate partner violence, substance use disorders, and grief, among other difficulties. I am open to ages eight through the end of life, any and all genders and ethnicities are welcome. I am a therapist at Stonebridge Counseling, we are a group practice who are passionate about serving our community, hope to hear from you soon.
I specialize in helping individuals who suffer from depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, self-esteem issues, relationship issues, difficulty with boundaries, co-dependency, intimate partner violence, substance use disorders, and grief, among other difficulties. I am open to ages eight through the end of life, any and all genders and ethnicities are welcome. I am a therapist at Stonebridge Counseling, we are a group practice who are passionate about serving our community, hope to hear from you soon.
(530) 431-2065 View (530) 431-2065
Photo of Malissa Staton, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Malissa Staton
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95926
Waitlist for new clients
Have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, unwanted memories, upsetting bodily sensations, or anger you struggle to control? I am here to help. My therapy dog, Toby, is also on your team! I have helped children, adults, couples, and families to heal through these issues over the past 12 years. The services I offer fit well with clients who have short or long term mental health goals, relationship or social problems, and/or existential work they would like to explore. Helping my clients to heal and thrive through life’s adversities is my passion. To me, therapy is an art, so let’s create something beautiful together!
Have you been experiencing anxiety, depression, unwanted memories, upsetting bodily sensations, or anger you struggle to control? I am here to help. My therapy dog, Toby, is also on your team! I have helped children, adults, couples, and families to heal through these issues over the past 12 years. The services I offer fit well with clients who have short or long term mental health goals, relationship or social problems, and/or existential work they would like to explore. Helping my clients to heal and thrive through life’s adversities is my passion. To me, therapy is an art, so let’s create something beautiful together!
(805) 410-1399 View (805) 410-1399
Photo of Teresa Richman - Kokoro Counseling Center, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kokoro Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chico, CA 95928
At Kokoro Counseling Center we help people move through their lives with a greater sense of purpose, meaning, and joy. We partner with our clients to develop treatment goals that target unwanted emotional struggles and behavioral patterns. Upon request, we work with prescribing medical providers for a more promising psychotherapeutic outcome. Our practice integrates various clinical treatment theories that meet a range of client treatment needs. Our center offers an emotionally safe space to heal past trauma and embrace new beginnings. Even in the darkest of places, we can recapture resiliency and joy one step at a time.
At Kokoro Counseling Center we help people move through their lives with a greater sense of purpose, meaning, and joy. We partner with our clients to develop treatment goals that target unwanted emotional struggles and behavioral patterns. Upon request, we work with prescribing medical providers for a more promising psychotherapeutic outcome. Our practice integrates various clinical treatment theories that meet a range of client treatment needs. Our center offers an emotionally safe space to heal past trauma and embrace new beginnings. Even in the darkest of places, we can recapture resiliency and joy one step at a time.
(530) 441-0927 View (530) 441-0927
Photo of Nicole` Cox, LCSW, PPSC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nicole` Cox
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PPSC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chico, CA 95973
Have you experienced trauma in your life that is directly affecting your life satisfaction? Are you dealing with a situational life adjustment that is causing you distress? Are anxiety and depression prominent in your life? I would love to provide you with a safe place to process in the way that best fits your needs. I am here to hold space for you and sit alongside you while you achieve your life goals for personal growth and recovery.
Have you experienced trauma in your life that is directly affecting your life satisfaction? Are you dealing with a situational life adjustment that is causing you distress? Are anxiety and depression prominent in your life? I would love to provide you with a safe place to process in the way that best fits your needs. I am here to hold space for you and sit alongside you while you achieve your life goals for personal growth and recovery.
(530) 460-4932 View (530) 460-4932
1

Nearby Emotionally Focused Therapists Searches for Chico

See More Emotionally Focused Therapists
Emotionally Focused Therapists

Who is emotionally focused therapy for?

Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) is for couples who are emotionally distressed, stuck in an unsatisfying relationship pattern or feeling deeply alienated. They may even believe the relationship is beyond repair. Very often, the partners display intense anger, fear, grief, loss of trust, or a sense of betrayal in the relationship. In addition, EFT is helpful to couples and individuals who have difficulty expressing emotions and those who have trouble regulating emotions.

Why do people need emotionally focused therapy?

People need emotionally focused therapy because the need for others is built into the brain, but the pressures of daily life can erode feelings of love, and couples often do not have the skills to find their way back to the comfort of each other. Instead, they may be stuck in repetitive patterns of anger, fear, grief, loss of trust, or a sense of betrayal. Emotionally focused therapy regards such strong negative feelings as expressions of protest over the loss of connection and turns them into pathways of reconnection.

What happens in emotionally focused therapy?

Over the course of eight to 20 weekly sessions, couples de-escalate their negative emotional reactivity to one another so that they can listen to each other and be responsive to each other’s needs. Then the deep emotional and physical bond is restored, giving partners a sense of comfort and security, which they can use to solve whatever problems come their way. The therapist plays an active role, helping partners understand how anger and withdrawal are actually misguided cries for connection.

What problems does emotionally focused therapy treat?

EFT is designed to help couples stuck in dysfunctional relationship patterns regain closeness and rebuild their relationship. Typically, such couples experience considerable distress, with partners feeling alienated and distrustful of one another, not certain their relationship can survive. EFT is also helpful to individuals experiencing attachment-related fears of loss; it helps them learn to use their fears as a way of eliciting the closeness they desire.