Therapists in Capitola, CA

Photo of Kimberly Lin Chilvers, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kimberly Lin Chilvers
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010  (Online Only)
My name is Kim Chilvers, use she/her pronouns and am an LMFT with over 20 years of experience working with individuals, couples, and families. My specialties include people in the midst of life transitions, including adults and adolescents, as well as people struggling with the effects of trauma, depression, and anxiety. I use EMDR and other evidence based interventions to help clients develop coping skills, a better understanding of relationships and work towards achieving life goals, in a safe, non-judgment space. I take a humble and curious approach to the diverse cultural, life style and gender experiences of her clients.
My name is Kim Chilvers, use she/her pronouns and am an LMFT with over 20 years of experience working with individuals, couples, and families. My specialties include people in the midst of life transitions, including adults and adolescents, as well as people struggling with the effects of trauma, depression, and anxiety. I use EMDR and other evidence based interventions to help clients develop coping skills, a better understanding of relationships and work towards achieving life goals, in a safe, non-judgment space. I take a humble and curious approach to the diverse cultural, life style and gender experiences of her clients.
(831) 851-1535 View (831) 851-1535
Photo of Alexandra Pappas, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alexandra Pappas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
My professional experiences have been with children, teens, adults, couples, and families seeking to overcome trauma, attachment disruptions, relational dissatisfaction, and other mental health concerns impacting their functioning. I have worked for various non-profits and community agencies relating to the foster care system and adoption. I am consistently honored by the privilege to witness vulnerability in the lives of my clients as they pursue healing and wholeness.
My professional experiences have been with children, teens, adults, couples, and families seeking to overcome trauma, attachment disruptions, relational dissatisfaction, and other mental health concerns impacting their functioning. I have worked for various non-profits and community agencies relating to the foster care system and adoption. I am consistently honored by the privilege to witness vulnerability in the lives of my clients as they pursue healing and wholeness.
(831) 273-5380 View (831) 273-5380
Photo of Licia Ginne, PsyD, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Licia Ginne
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010
Reaching out is not always easy and it's the first step towards creating change. I have always believed we work to achieve success and happiness in the best ways we know how. There are times in our lives where we find ourselves short on solutions, or are ready to move forward. This is where I can be of help. I encourage everyone to talk with several therapists to get a feel if this is the right person for you. After talking with someone do you feel understood, do you feel that they can help.
Reaching out is not always easy and it's the first step towards creating change. I have always believed we work to achieve success and happiness in the best ways we know how. There are times in our lives where we find ourselves short on solutions, or are ready to move forward. This is where I can be of help. I encourage everyone to talk with several therapists to get a feel if this is the right person for you. After talking with someone do you feel understood, do you feel that they can help.
(831) 471-8647 View (831) 471-8647
Photo of Kathy Sharon Beckerman - Your Sleep Therapist - Kathy Beckerman LMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Your Sleep Therapist - Kathy Beckerman LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
Are you experiencing more distress, worry, and anxiety in your life right now? If so, your likely not sleeping or coping as well as you'd like. With over 25 years in private practice, I support my clients efforts to develop effective tools and skills to navigate their life with more ease and resiliency. If you choose to work with me, my style is collaborative and interactive. I will actively engage and at times challenge you to explore different realms of thinking, behaving, and relating that will better serve you.
Are you experiencing more distress, worry, and anxiety in your life right now? If so, your likely not sleeping or coping as well as you'd like. With over 25 years in private practice, I support my clients efforts to develop effective tools and skills to navigate their life with more ease and resiliency. If you choose to work with me, my style is collaborative and interactive. I will actively engage and at times challenge you to explore different realms of thinking, behaving, and relating that will better serve you.
(831) 475-6176 View (831) 475-6176
Photo of Loretta Jewel Ferris - Loretta J. Ferris, LMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Loretta J. Ferris, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
I work with individuals, couples and families whose lives have been impacted by life transitions. These transitions often include challenges related to relationships, careers, retirement, parenting, loss and grief, chronic pain, disability often include depression, anxiety and PTSD.
I work with individuals, couples and families whose lives have been impacted by life transitions. These transitions often include challenges related to relationships, careers, retirement, parenting, loss and grief, chronic pain, disability often include depression, anxiety and PTSD.
(831) 291-3411 View (831) 291-3411
Photo of Taria Joy Mac Millan, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Taria Joy Mac Millan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010
I invite you to join me on a journey of inner discovery! I will gently guide, empower and inspire you to build up your inner strength - and diminish the blocks that inhibit your positive energy and potential. We will develop awareness into the stories, patterns and core beliefs that are causing you suffering and holding you back.
I invite you to join me on a journey of inner discovery! I will gently guide, empower and inspire you to build up your inner strength - and diminish the blocks that inhibit your positive energy and potential. We will develop awareness into the stories, patterns and core beliefs that are causing you suffering and holding you back.
(831) 226-8946 View (831) 226-8946
Photo of Elizabeth McDade-Montez, PhD, Psychologist
Elizabeth McDade-Montez
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
Let me help you with your psychological assessment needs. I provide psychoeducational and diagnostic evaluations for ages 6 and up. I can assess for autism, ADHD, learning disabilities, PTSD and much more. I also provide psychological evaluations for immigration applications as well as gender affirming treatments. Please book a free call to see how I might be able to help you.
Let me help you with your psychological assessment needs. I provide psychoeducational and diagnostic evaluations for ages 6 and up. I can assess for autism, ADHD, learning disabilities, PTSD and much more. I also provide psychological evaluations for immigration applications as well as gender affirming treatments. Please book a free call to see how I might be able to help you.
(831) 603-3288 View (831) 603-3288
Photo of Amber Martin, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amber Martin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010  (Online Only)
I specialize in couples therapy and supporting women. In my work with women I help create space where you can freely give yourself permission to be where you are and offer love and kindness to yourself. I will support you to step into a place of deeper authenticity and strength. Old patterns of thinking or ways of viewing the world may no longer be serving you but you can choose to hold space for what serves and say no thank you to what does not. In my couples work I am trained in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. I also offer Brainspotting for both individuals and couples.
I specialize in couples therapy and supporting women. In my work with women I help create space where you can freely give yourself permission to be where you are and offer love and kindness to yourself. I will support you to step into a place of deeper authenticity and strength. Old patterns of thinking or ways of viewing the world may no longer be serving you but you can choose to hold space for what serves and say no thank you to what does not. In my couples work I am trained in Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. I also offer Brainspotting for both individuals and couples.
(626) 774-7548 View (626) 774-7548
Photo of Kathy Gusewelle, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathy Gusewelle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
Good therapy experiences are enlivening, collaborative and honest. I have over 25 years experience as a Depth Psychotherapist helping people gain greater self-awareness about what triggers negative emotional reactivity and self sabotaging patterns. Identifying and integrating unconscious beliefs, trauma and self defeating responses can help develop emotional resilience, greater self acceptance and happiness. When we feel truly heard, seen and understood a transformative power ignites and we can risk being different and more open. Hidden in the darkest places can be found the riches treasures such as creativity, passion, purpose and being present.
Good therapy experiences are enlivening, collaborative and honest. I have over 25 years experience as a Depth Psychotherapist helping people gain greater self-awareness about what triggers negative emotional reactivity and self sabotaging patterns. Identifying and integrating unconscious beliefs, trauma and self defeating responses can help develop emotional resilience, greater self acceptance and happiness. When we feel truly heard, seen and understood a transformative power ignites and we can risk being different and more open. Hidden in the darkest places can be found the riches treasures such as creativity, passion, purpose and being present.
(831) 621-5310 View (831) 621-5310
Photo of Heather C Turey, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Heather C Turey
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
I am committed to the process of helping people discover and integrate the deeper personal truths which underlie symptoms and issues. I invite clients to be endlessly curious and to do "detective work" with me, seeking to understand the clues offered by their own psyches. I work with adults and older teens, providing individual, couples and family psychotherapy. Some of my influences are Carl Jung, Arnold Mindell, Jean Shinoda Bolen, John Enright, Richard Schwartz and John Gottman. I work with depression and other mood disorders, eating disorders, spiritual identity, addiction recovery, codependency and trauma. I offer over 30 years of private practice experience.
I am committed to the process of helping people discover and integrate the deeper personal truths which underlie symptoms and issues. I invite clients to be endlessly curious and to do "detective work" with me, seeking to understand the clues offered by their own psyches. I work with adults and older teens, providing individual, couples and family psychotherapy. Some of my influences are Carl Jung, Arnold Mindell, Jean Shinoda Bolen, John Enright, Richard Schwartz and John Gottman. I work with depression and other mood disorders, eating disorders, spiritual identity, addiction recovery, codependency and trauma. I offer over 30 years of private practice experience.
(831) 465-5161 View (831) 465-5161
Photo of Craig W Clark, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Craig W Clark
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010
Not accepting new clients
Welcome to my practice, Attachment Center of Monterey Bay. My focus is on your care and successful outcomes by providing a safe, warm, non-judgemental environment for change, growth, and healing. My approach integrates research-validated, attachment-informed, brain-based treatment with other effective modalities including mindfulness, cognitive behavioral, and family systems therapies. In addition to many years of clinical and parenting experiences, I actively and regularly participate in continuing education and advanced training to provide you with the best treatment possible.
Welcome to my practice, Attachment Center of Monterey Bay. My focus is on your care and successful outcomes by providing a safe, warm, non-judgemental environment for change, growth, and healing. My approach integrates research-validated, attachment-informed, brain-based treatment with other effective modalities including mindfulness, cognitive behavioral, and family systems therapies. In addition to many years of clinical and parenting experiences, I actively and regularly participate in continuing education and advanced training to provide you with the best treatment possible.
(831) 216-1382 View (831) 216-1382
Photo of Kari Files, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kari Files
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010  (Online Only)
I can help you create more satisfaction, meaning, and success in your life and in your relationships. If you are stuck, feeling stressed or depressed all the time, or struggling in your relationship, it may be time to get support. I offer psychotherapy for individuals and couples and my clientele is diverse, with a range of backgrounds, lifestyles, sexual orientations and gender identities. Taking the first step to begin therapy is often the scariest part. Feel free to ask questions and know that I'll address any concerns to make the start of therapy more comfortable.
I can help you create more satisfaction, meaning, and success in your life and in your relationships. If you are stuck, feeling stressed or depressed all the time, or struggling in your relationship, it may be time to get support. I offer psychotherapy for individuals and couples and my clientele is diverse, with a range of backgrounds, lifestyles, sexual orientations and gender identities. Taking the first step to begin therapy is often the scariest part. Feel free to ask questions and know that I'll address any concerns to make the start of therapy more comfortable.
(831) 318-7725 View (831) 318-7725
Photo of Scott Miller, LMFT, MFT-876, Marriage & Family Therapist
Scott Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MFT-876
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010  (Online Only)
I am currently accepting adult clients seeking treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is my passion and mission to treat individuals who are suffering from OCD. OCD can seem like a case of "my mind has turned against me", which can lead to feelings of confusion, frustration, sadness, fear, and shame. While OCD is not "curable" it is certainly "treatable". If you find yourself bothered, inconvenienced, or seemingly debilitated by OCD, there is help!
I am currently accepting adult clients seeking treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is my passion and mission to treat individuals who are suffering from OCD. OCD can seem like a case of "my mind has turned against me", which can lead to feelings of confusion, frustration, sadness, fear, and shame. While OCD is not "curable" it is certainly "treatable". If you find yourself bothered, inconvenienced, or seemingly debilitated by OCD, there is help!
(831) 273-1167 View (831) 273-1167
Photo of Peter A Adler - Peter Adler PhD Licensed Psychologist, Inc., PhD, Psychologist
Peter Adler PhD Licensed Psychologist, Inc.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010  (Online Only)
I believe in the capacity of each person to transcend obstacles and problems. Through caring, empathic support, I assist you to tap into your strengths and use these to overcome the problems bringing you to treatment. I listen deeply and help you tap into your inner strengths to overcome challenges. We work collaboratively to find solutions and address your concerns with my knowledge of effective treatments. I've helped adults, children, and adolescents for over thirty years. Feel free to contact me. I'd be happy to provide more information and answer any questions.
I believe in the capacity of each person to transcend obstacles and problems. Through caring, empathic support, I assist you to tap into your strengths and use these to overcome the problems bringing you to treatment. I listen deeply and help you tap into your inner strengths to overcome challenges. We work collaboratively to find solutions and address your concerns with my knowledge of effective treatments. I've helped adults, children, and adolescents for over thirty years. Feel free to contact me. I'd be happy to provide more information and answer any questions.
(408) 922-9459 View (408) 922-9459
Photo of Molly Salans, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Molly Salans
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
During the Corona Virus I am offering phone and video sessions.I am accepting new clients at this time age 18 and over. I will help you get to the crux of your issues. A superb listener, I see each and every one of you in your entirety. Something is out-of-balance, broken and painful which is why you are coming in to see me. I offer Emotionally Focused Therapy for adults and couples, and imbue therapy with meditation, mindfulness and the Constellation Approach, I help you begin to develop a new relationship with yourself. One that will bring peace and a sense of purpose to your life. Please go to my website, MollySalans.com.
During the Corona Virus I am offering phone and video sessions.I am accepting new clients at this time age 18 and over. I will help you get to the crux of your issues. A superb listener, I see each and every one of you in your entirety. Something is out-of-balance, broken and painful which is why you are coming in to see me. I offer Emotionally Focused Therapy for adults and couples, and imbue therapy with meditation, mindfulness and the Constellation Approach, I help you begin to develop a new relationship with yourself. One that will bring peace and a sense of purpose to your life. Please go to my website, MollySalans.com.
(831) 221-9498 View (831) 221-9498
Photo of Maria F. Pryce Echeverry, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Maria F. Pryce Echeverry
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
From authenticity, compassion, and loving-kindness, I offer you a safe place to be heard and understood. Then together we can create strategies to manage your emotions, have meaningful relationships, and enjoy more your life. As a bilingual/bi-cultural psychotherapist, I can relate to ethnic and racial discrimination.
From authenticity, compassion, and loving-kindness, I offer you a safe place to be heard and understood. Then together we can create strategies to manage your emotions, have meaningful relationships, and enjoy more your life. As a bilingual/bi-cultural psychotherapist, I can relate to ethnic and racial discrimination.
(831) 346-1466 View (831) 346-1466
Photo of Kristin Falzett, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kristin Falzett
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
All of us have those moments in life where we finally "get" something, those times when everything finally makes sense. As a therapist it is a pivotal moment in the therapeutic process, as a parent it can be very rewarding to see this occur for your child, and as an individual, it can be the difference between getting stuck in a bad place and moving forward in your life. I work with individuals, children and couples who are facing life's stressors and are looking for the tools to improve the quality of their lives.
All of us have those moments in life where we finally "get" something, those times when everything finally makes sense. As a therapist it is a pivotal moment in the therapeutic process, as a parent it can be very rewarding to see this occur for your child, and as an individual, it can be the difference between getting stuck in a bad place and moving forward in your life. I work with individuals, children and couples who are facing life's stressors and are looking for the tools to improve the quality of their lives.
(831) 789-2657 View (831) 789-2657
Photo of Vickie Assunto, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Vickie Assunto
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Capitola, CA 95010
I became a therapist because I have a passion for working with people in meaningful ways. I have a big heart, and am warm and welcoming. I have a genuine interest and caring in helping people's lives be better in all ways --- emotionally, physically, mentally, and spiritually. I am fully present and available to deeply listen to your innermost process. I am empathetic, compassionate, understanding and non-judgmental. I believe that no one is broken, that everyone can heal, and I would feel honored to be a part of your healing journey.
I became a therapist because I have a passion for working with people in meaningful ways. I have a big heart, and am warm and welcoming. I have a genuine interest and caring in helping people's lives be better in all ways --- emotionally, physically, mentally, and spiritually. I am fully present and available to deeply listen to your innermost process. I am empathetic, compassionate, understanding and non-judgmental. I believe that no one is broken, that everyone can heal, and I would feel honored to be a part of your healing journey.
(831) 531-2901 View (831) 531-2901
Photo of Gail Susan Lewis, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gail Susan Lewis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
Feeling confused? Having difficulty making decisions? Do you feel stuck in your life and not sure what direction to go in? Are you feeling blocked by old traumatic experiences? Are you finding it difficult to break free from unhealthy addictive patterns? Are you frustrated with your relationships? When we live with constant stress and have not healed from childhood or adult trauma, the stress hormone cortisol is released and continually bathes our nervous system with the needed energy for “fight or flight”. We find ourselves often “triggered” by memories and overwhelming feelings.
Feeling confused? Having difficulty making decisions? Do you feel stuck in your life and not sure what direction to go in? Are you feeling blocked by old traumatic experiences? Are you finding it difficult to break free from unhealthy addictive patterns? Are you frustrated with your relationships? When we live with constant stress and have not healed from childhood or adult trauma, the stress hormone cortisol is released and continually bathes our nervous system with the needed energy for “fight or flight”. We find ourselves often “triggered” by memories and overwhelming feelings.
(831) 603-4745 View (831) 603-4745
Photo of Katharina Schoellhammer, LMFT, #106720, Marriage & Family Therapist
Katharina Schoellhammer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, #106720
Verified Verified
Capitola, CA 95010
Welcome, it takes courage to seek help when life’s challenges seem overwhelming. This process offers an opportunity for growth, healing, and self-discovery, as I assist you with connecting to your own wisdom and compassion. I can help you explore barriers to greater contentment, fulfillment, and joy, while increasing coping skills to manage life’s inevitable stressors. Some of the issues I work with include mood and anxiety concerns, trauma, grief/loss, stress, relationship issues, life transitions, LGBTQ+ issues, and healing from dysfunctional upbringings.
Welcome, it takes courage to seek help when life’s challenges seem overwhelming. This process offers an opportunity for growth, healing, and self-discovery, as I assist you with connecting to your own wisdom and compassion. I can help you explore barriers to greater contentment, fulfillment, and joy, while increasing coping skills to manage life’s inevitable stressors. Some of the issues I work with include mood and anxiety concerns, trauma, grief/loss, stress, relationship issues, life transitions, LGBTQ+ issues, and healing from dysfunctional upbringings.
(831) 661-9710 View (831) 661-9710

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Capitola, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in Capitola, CA who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Self Esteem
70% Grief
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

42% Beacon Health Options | Carelon
40% MHN | Health Net
40% Other

How Therapists in Capitola, CA see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
12% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Capitola?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.