Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of Gail J Winston, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gail J Winston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Not accepting new clients
My practice consists of those struggling with relationships, self defeating patterns and a wide range of transitional issues in life. I will collaborate with you to help reduce your symptoms, improve and expand your coping skills, increase your confidence and develop a greater capacity for self reflection. With over 42 years of experience, I bring wisdom, maturity, compassion and life experience which inform and deepen my work.
My practice consists of those struggling with relationships, self defeating patterns and a wide range of transitional issues in life. I will collaborate with you to help reduce your symptoms, improve and expand your coping skills, increase your confidence and develop a greater capacity for self reflection. With over 42 years of experience, I bring wisdom, maturity, compassion and life experience which inform and deepen my work.
(202) 759-4130 View (202) 759-4130
Photo of Michelle Cotter Richards, JD, LICSW, LCSW, PCC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Michelle Cotter Richards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, LICSW, LCSW, PCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
Waitlist for new clients
I love helping lawyers and other stressed out and exhausted human beings heal, grow, and thrive by reconnecting to themselves and the people they love. As a former BigLaw and in-house lawyer, I know how the overwhelming stress and demands of our profession can take a toll on both us and our relationships. I work with individuals and couples to tame that stress and build lives and relationships full of meaning, peace, and joy.
I love helping lawyers and other stressed out and exhausted human beings heal, grow, and thrive by reconnecting to themselves and the people they love. As a former BigLaw and in-house lawyer, I know how the overwhelming stress and demands of our profession can take a toll on both us and our relationships. I work with individuals and couples to tame that stress and build lives and relationships full of meaning, peace, and joy.
(202) 796-5607 View (202) 796-5607
Photo of Natalie Schuberth, PsyD, BCBA-D, Psychologist
Natalie Schuberth
Psychologist, PsyD, BCBA-D
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20003
If you are struggling to cope with stress and anxiety from past or ongoing difficulties (such as school/work stress, friendship/relationship problems, bullying, or family dynamics), I can help you process and problem-solve your experiences and offer a path forward. This includes learning coping skills and interpersonal effectiveness, as well as examining thought and behavior patterns. I enjoy working collaboratively with my clients to help them be the best version of themselves by helping them to identify their goals and to leverage their strengths to meet those goals.
If you are struggling to cope with stress and anxiety from past or ongoing difficulties (such as school/work stress, friendship/relationship problems, bullying, or family dynamics), I can help you process and problem-solve your experiences and offer a path forward. This includes learning coping skills and interpersonal effectiveness, as well as examining thought and behavior patterns. I enjoy working collaboratively with my clients to help them be the best version of themselves by helping them to identify their goals and to leverage their strengths to meet those goals.
(202) 980-2899 View (202) 980-2899
Photo of Emma Cook, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Emma Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20005
Are you exhausted and overwhelmed trying to navigate adulthood as a 20- or 30-something? Feeling pressure to figure out who you are and what you want from life, your relationships, or your career? Can't shed negative patterns you've developed? Know you need a change but need help figuring out where to start? You're not alone in feeling anxious, lost, or stuck. If you've tried everything and leaning on friends and family hasn't been enough, it's time to change.
Are you exhausted and overwhelmed trying to navigate adulthood as a 20- or 30-something? Feeling pressure to figure out who you are and what you want from life, your relationships, or your career? Can't shed negative patterns you've developed? Know you need a change but need help figuring out where to start? You're not alone in feeling anxious, lost, or stuck. If you've tried everything and leaning on friends and family hasn't been enough, it's time to change.
(202) 816-7061 View (202) 816-7061
Photo of Sharon Light - Focused Solutions, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Focused Solutions, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20005
We understand that making the decision to seek therapy can be overwhelming, and we are here to help guide you through the process by clearing a path to well-being. By working together, we can develop a strategy that promotes a healthier life for you and the ones closest to you. Our compassionate approach provides a safe and caring environment for you to seek the support that you deserve.
We understand that making the decision to seek therapy can be overwhelming, and we are here to help guide you through the process by clearing a path to well-being. By working together, we can develop a strategy that promotes a healthier life for you and the ones closest to you. Our compassionate approach provides a safe and caring environment for you to seek the support that you deserve.
(202) 949-2810 View (202) 949-2810
Photo of Erika L Bond, MA, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Erika L Bond
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LCMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20016
The number one regret of the dying is "I wish I had the courage to be authentically me". Our experience of giving and receiving love in childhood, is the position from which we all begin- and also where people can get stuck. If you have read this far, you feel the pull to invest in improving the quality of your life, and put energy into where you can productively stretch and grow. The most important work of our lifetime is discovering how to accept, and deeply love ourselves.
The number one regret of the dying is "I wish I had the courage to be authentically me". Our experience of giving and receiving love in childhood, is the position from which we all begin- and also where people can get stuck. If you have read this far, you feel the pull to invest in improving the quality of your life, and put energy into where you can productively stretch and grow. The most important work of our lifetime is discovering how to accept, and deeply love ourselves.
(833) 602-2213 View (833) 602-2213
Photo of Dr. Shelley L Marfori, Psy D, Psychologist
Dr. Shelley L Marfori
Psychologist, Psy D
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008  (Online Only)
As a member of the LGBTQIA+ community, a trauma survivor, and someone with a chronic pain disorder; I approach the work that I do from a place of empathy and personal understanding. I have an intense passion for understanding personal identity and the way race, culture, class, and sexuality come together to form what we believe about ourselves and what we feel we can accomplish in our lives. Anxiety and trauma can live in our bodies - together we will create a relationship that fosters dynamic and lasting growth, tapping into undiscovered reserves of resiliency that will help navigate the past and prepare for a more hopeful future.
As a member of the LGBTQIA+ community, a trauma survivor, and someone with a chronic pain disorder; I approach the work that I do from a place of empathy and personal understanding. I have an intense passion for understanding personal identity and the way race, culture, class, and sexuality come together to form what we believe about ourselves and what we feel we can accomplish in our lives. Anxiety and trauma can live in our bodies - together we will create a relationship that fosters dynamic and lasting growth, tapping into undiscovered reserves of resiliency that will help navigate the past and prepare for a more hopeful future.
(202) 919-6929 x779 View (202) 919-6929 x779
Photo of Veronica Dos Santos, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Veronica Dos Santos
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20009
Do you feel stuck in self-defeating patterns and self-sabotage that leave you feeling not good enough? Are you going through a transition that's made you lose sense of who you are and what brings you joy? Are you always worrying about something? I help young adults like you to uncover belief systems that have been keeping you stuck and empower you to move closer towards the life you really want. Want to know more? Schedule your intro call by email, call, or text!
Do you feel stuck in self-defeating patterns and self-sabotage that leave you feeling not good enough? Are you going through a transition that's made you lose sense of who you are and what brings you joy? Are you always worrying about something? I help young adults like you to uncover belief systems that have been keeping you stuck and empower you to move closer towards the life you really want. Want to know more? Schedule your intro call by email, call, or text!
(877) 581-0454 View (877) 581-0454
Photo of Dr. Amy E Duffy, PhD, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Amy E Duffy
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I have been working in the mental health field for over fifteen years with a variety of clients including children and adolescents, families, and adults. I enjoy utilizing an eclectic approach to treatment, recognizing the uniqueness that each individual brings to treatment. I specialize in the treatment of exposure to trauma, providing treatment to survivors of sexual violence, childhood abuse, domestic violence, and military combat trauma. When addressing the needs of those who have survived trauma, I focus a great deal of attention on the neurological effects of exposure, as well as the mind and body connection.
I have been working in the mental health field for over fifteen years with a variety of clients including children and adolescents, families, and adults. I enjoy utilizing an eclectic approach to treatment, recognizing the uniqueness that each individual brings to treatment. I specialize in the treatment of exposure to trauma, providing treatment to survivors of sexual violence, childhood abuse, domestic violence, and military combat trauma. When addressing the needs of those who have survived trauma, I focus a great deal of attention on the neurological effects of exposure, as well as the mind and body connection.
(202) 930-9476 View (202) 930-9476
Photo of Christine Greer O'Connor - Quarterlife Center, PhD, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Quarterlife Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20005  (Online Only)
Are you in your twenties or thirties and feeling lost in life? While the many changes that occur during young adulthood like graduation, new jobs, and dating can be exciting they can also feel completely overwhelming. Changes that result from life transitions are an inevitable part of life, and much of our happiness depends on how we navigate these times of transition. If you're struggling with some of these changes, you may be experiencing a quarterlife crisis. You are not alone, and we are here to help! Our therapists and career coaches specialize in helping young adults survive their quarterlife crisis and thrive in their lives.
Are you in your twenties or thirties and feeling lost in life? While the many changes that occur during young adulthood like graduation, new jobs, and dating can be exciting they can also feel completely overwhelming. Changes that result from life transitions are an inevitable part of life, and much of our happiness depends on how we navigate these times of transition. If you're struggling with some of these changes, you may be experiencing a quarterlife crisis. You are not alone, and we are here to help! Our therapists and career coaches specialize in helping young adults survive their quarterlife crisis and thrive in their lives.
(202) 868-8546 View (202) 868-8546
Photo of Tamara Hope Pincus - The Pincus Center, LICSW, CST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The Pincus Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CST
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
The Pincus Center specializes in working with clients to build a life filled with pleasure and joy. We will help you to find your inner voice, establish your own goals and find a path that works for you. There is no one true way to do therapy or to live your life. We will help you find the tools to ride the waves of emotions that we all experience instead of being pulled under. We can't make everything perfect but we can make it better. We focus on issues around body acceptance, sexual freedom, neurodiversity, shame, low desire, sexual functioning issues and a wide variety of other mental health issues.
The Pincus Center specializes in working with clients to build a life filled with pleasure and joy. We will help you to find your inner voice, establish your own goals and find a path that works for you. There is no one true way to do therapy or to live your life. We will help you find the tools to ride the waves of emotions that we all experience instead of being pulled under. We can't make everything perfect but we can make it better. We focus on issues around body acceptance, sexual freedom, neurodiversity, shame, low desire, sexual functioning issues and a wide variety of other mental health issues.
(202) 499-2602 View (202) 499-2602
Photo of Paris Cook, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paris Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
I think we can all agree that feeling stuck and directionless in life is a miserable feeling. It can also be deceiving. You might have everything “all together” on the outside, but in reality, you haven’t felt that spark in life for some time now. If you were being completely honest, how long do you think it’s been since you truly took care of your needs? If it’s been a while, you might have been putting the needs of others before your own, which means you could be in burnout territory. You deserve to feel excited about your life! You deserve to feel better than just "meh."
I think we can all agree that feeling stuck and directionless in life is a miserable feeling. It can also be deceiving. You might have everything “all together” on the outside, but in reality, you haven’t felt that spark in life for some time now. If you were being completely honest, how long do you think it’s been since you truly took care of your needs? If it’s been a while, you might have been putting the needs of others before your own, which means you could be in burnout territory. You deserve to feel excited about your life! You deserve to feel better than just "meh."
(202) 951-9237 View (202) 951-9237
Photo of Leah Liszka, LICSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Leah Liszka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20002
I believe that we all have the resources to succeed within ourselves. Therapy connects us to our strengths and our resilience. As a client-centered therapist, I am honored to collaborate with you and help you reach your mental health goals. I am a licensed independent clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience providing individual therapy to adults with a wide range of life experiences, including the LGBTQ+ community. I am body- and sex- positive, kink-aware, and poly-friendly, and my practice philosophy is grounded in intersectional and feminist theory.
I believe that we all have the resources to succeed within ourselves. Therapy connects us to our strengths and our resilience. As a client-centered therapist, I am honored to collaborate with you and help you reach your mental health goals. I am a licensed independent clinical social worker with over 10 years of experience providing individual therapy to adults with a wide range of life experiences, including the LGBTQ+ community. I am body- and sex- positive, kink-aware, and poly-friendly, and my practice philosophy is grounded in intersectional and feminist theory.
(202) 417-7868 View (202) 417-7868
Photo of Henry A. McKinnon, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, JD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Henry A. McKinnon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, JD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
Finding your true, authentic self can be daunting. You may feel stuck, confused, or overwhelmed by life experiences. Together we can discover the motivations, tools, and skills which will allow you to be content, more-productive, and less anxious. In a safe, confidential, and non-judgmental space, you and I can explore your patterns of thinking and feeling, and the meanings behind them. We will remove obstacles which get in your way. Client's often tell me that my warm, non-judgmental approach and careful listening help them to feel safe, freeing them to understand themselves in ways they've never considered.
Finding your true, authentic self can be daunting. You may feel stuck, confused, or overwhelmed by life experiences. Together we can discover the motivations, tools, and skills which will allow you to be content, more-productive, and less anxious. In a safe, confidential, and non-judgmental space, you and I can explore your patterns of thinking and feeling, and the meanings behind them. We will remove obstacles which get in your way. Client's often tell me that my warm, non-judgmental approach and careful listening help them to feel safe, freeing them to understand themselves in ways they've never considered.
(202) 803-8464 View (202) 803-8464
Photo of Ryan Long, LICSW, EMDR-C, IMGCA-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ryan Long
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, EMDR-C, IMGCA-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20008
I specialize in working with adolescents and young adults. As a former high school coach and counselor, I provide a unique approach that is both authentic and encouraging in nature. I work best with clients that are open-minded and adaptable as well as introspective and contemplative. Sense of humor plays an essential role in developing the rapport I have with my clients. Once that is established, I make sure to carefully listen to each individual's unique story, assist in planning ahead for challenges, channel strengths, and collaboratively track progress together.
I specialize in working with adolescents and young adults. As a former high school coach and counselor, I provide a unique approach that is both authentic and encouraging in nature. I work best with clients that are open-minded and adaptable as well as introspective and contemplative. Sense of humor plays an essential role in developing the rapport I have with my clients. Once that is established, I make sure to carefully listen to each individual's unique story, assist in planning ahead for challenges, channel strengths, and collaboratively track progress together.
(202) 838-5376 View (202) 838-5376
Photo of Audra Lee - Alloy Wellness, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alloy Wellness
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
At Alloy Wellness, we are dedicated to providing you with a transformative and holistic approach to your well-being for your personal growth and the betterment of your relationships. Our mission is to empower you to achieve optimal health and wellness by combining evidence-based practices with personalized care. We understand that each individual is unique, and we tailor our services to meet your specific needs and goals. With a team of highly skilled and compassionate practitioners, we offer a wide range of services that encompass the mind/body connection, mental, and emotional well-being, and building relational EQ.
At Alloy Wellness, we are dedicated to providing you with a transformative and holistic approach to your well-being for your personal growth and the betterment of your relationships. Our mission is to empower you to achieve optimal health and wellness by combining evidence-based practices with personalized care. We understand that each individual is unique, and we tailor our services to meet your specific needs and goals. With a team of highly skilled and compassionate practitioners, we offer a wide range of services that encompass the mind/body connection, mental, and emotional well-being, and building relational EQ.
(202) 915-3746 View (202) 915-3746
Photo of Kaelin Perrin, PsyD, Psychologist
Kaelin Perrin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
I adamantly believe that my job as a therapist isn’t to “fix” people, or to give advice, or to tell you what to do. My job is to help you untangle, and then, put the pieces together - to meet you exactly where you are while gently encouraging your growth - and to help you unlock your own wisdom and strength. I like to describe my process as having “one foot in and one foot out.” I have “one foot in” in the sense that I am right there with you, present with your emotions, seeking to deeply understand your experiences, while also keeping “one foot out” so that I’m able to offer new perspectives and help you through your struggles.
I adamantly believe that my job as a therapist isn’t to “fix” people, or to give advice, or to tell you what to do. My job is to help you untangle, and then, put the pieces together - to meet you exactly where you are while gently encouraging your growth - and to help you unlock your own wisdom and strength. I like to describe my process as having “one foot in and one foot out.” I have “one foot in” in the sense that I am right there with you, present with your emotions, seeking to deeply understand your experiences, while also keeping “one foot out” so that I’m able to offer new perspectives and help you through your struggles.
(202) 894-9635 View (202) 894-9635
Photo of Walter H. Stamp II, PhD, Psychological Associate
Walter H. Stamp II
Psychological Associate, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20005  (Online Only)
Together we will work as a team to unlock personal growth and change the way we view the world. My approach is to meet you where you are, operating from the viewpoint that individuals have within themselves vast resources for self-understanding and for altering their self-concepts, basic attitudes, and self-directed behavior; these resources can be tapped through providing an environment where repair and healing are the priority. With me, you can expect to receive empathy and unconditional positive regard no matter what you may be going through. We are here, together, to facilitate change.
Together we will work as a team to unlock personal growth and change the way we view the world. My approach is to meet you where you are, operating from the viewpoint that individuals have within themselves vast resources for self-understanding and for altering their self-concepts, basic attitudes, and self-directed behavior; these resources can be tapped through providing an environment where repair and healing are the priority. With me, you can expect to receive empathy and unconditional positive regard no matter what you may be going through. We are here, together, to facilitate change.
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Photo of Netelege Richards, LCSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Netelege Richards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20004  (Online Only)
As a Clinical Social Worker, i have experience in working with individuals who struggle with depression (Suicidal Ideation and Self Harm Urges), Anxiety, Anger, Adverse childhood events, parenting of adolescents, parenting of youth with mental health diagnosis, trauma related disorders, life transitions, school stressors, work stressors, race related issues and LGBTQIA+ related issues.
As a Clinical Social Worker, i have experience in working with individuals who struggle with depression (Suicidal Ideation and Self Harm Urges), Anxiety, Anger, Adverse childhood events, parenting of adolescents, parenting of youth with mental health diagnosis, trauma related disorders, life transitions, school stressors, work stressors, race related issues and LGBTQIA+ related issues.
(202) 980-1358 View (202) 980-1358
Photo of Gary Gregory, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gary Gregory
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20017  (Online Only)
I work with clients to help restore balance, wellness by identifying troublesome patterns, dynamics, issues and work in a wholistic manner addressing cognitive, emotional and behavioral and historical/cultural factors.
I work with clients to help restore balance, wellness by identifying troublesome patterns, dynamics, issues and work in a wholistic manner addressing cognitive, emotional and behavioral and historical/cultural factors.
(202) 831-9313 View (202) 831-9313

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

3,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.