Therapists in Madison, WI

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Photo of Synergos Counseling - Synergos Counseling & Wellness Center, MA, LPC, NBCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Synergos Counseling & Wellness Center
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NBCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53703
We pride ourselves in providing a safe, inclusive environment for all communities including but not limited to LGBTQIA, body positive, BIPOC, and AAPI. We are ever evolving within our own professional community through self-reflection, ongoing education/training, etc.
We pride ourselves in providing a safe, inclusive environment for all communities including but not limited to LGBTQIA, body positive, BIPOC, and AAPI. We are ever evolving within our own professional community through self-reflection, ongoing education/training, etc.
(608) 405-5111 View (608) 405-5111
Photo of Megan Farley, PhD, Psychologist
Megan Farley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53705
Finding expert help to sort out whether a person has an autism spectrum condition/disorder can be difficult, often involving long wait lists for children and youth. It may be difficult to find someone who understands how to diagnose people at your age, for adults, or in your particular situation. Most people wondering about whether autism or other neurodivergence describes them or a loved one want answers now so that they can move forward toward achieving their life goals with greater understanding of their own, unique strengths and challenges.
Finding expert help to sort out whether a person has an autism spectrum condition/disorder can be difficult, often involving long wait lists for children and youth. It may be difficult to find someone who understands how to diagnose people at your age, for adults, or in your particular situation. Most people wondering about whether autism or other neurodivergence describes them or a loved one want answers now so that they can move forward toward achieving their life goals with greater understanding of their own, unique strengths and challenges.
(608) 597-6525 View (608) 597-6525
Photo of Levy O'Brion, MS, LPC, Counselor
Levy O'Brion
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53704
I enjoy working with teens and adults to help explore and identify and resolve issues related to worry, tension, feeling overwhelmed or on edge, stress, grief, loss, relationships, work, school, feeling hopeless, helpless, anger, behavior, guilt, sleep, low energy and concentration.
I enjoy working with teens and adults to help explore and identify and resolve issues related to worry, tension, feeling overwhelmed or on edge, stress, grief, loss, relationships, work, school, feeling hopeless, helpless, anger, behavior, guilt, sleep, low energy and concentration.
(608) 818-8297 View (608) 818-8297
Photo of Tina Toltzien - Phoenix Rising Therapy, LLC, MSW, LCSW, SEP-IT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Phoenix Rising Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, SEP-IT
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53704
I am a true believer in the power of connection and authenticity in the healing journey. I thrive to create a safe, welcoming, supportive and compassionate space. I am passionate about helping teens and adults across the lifespan restore hope and embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and self-acceptance using an individualized approach tailored to the unique needs of each client. A relational and strengths-based style, mindfulness, somatic awareness, EMDR, body-based therapy modalities, creative arts and expression are important components of my work.
I am a true believer in the power of connection and authenticity in the healing journey. I thrive to create a safe, welcoming, supportive and compassionate space. I am passionate about helping teens and adults across the lifespan restore hope and embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and self-acceptance using an individualized approach tailored to the unique needs of each client. A relational and strengths-based style, mindfulness, somatic awareness, EMDR, body-based therapy modalities, creative arts and expression are important components of my work.
(608) 200-2090 View (608) 200-2090
Photo of Gavin Macaulay, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gavin Macaulay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53703
Only taking post graduate MSW and LPC therapist supervisee clients currently. Will take new clients beginning Sept 2024. Tired of being labelled "the problem?" What is your life story? How can it be shaped going forward? Let's focus on those positive "sparkling moments" and make the complexity of the overall situation the main focus of attention in a safe, secure, and empathetic environment. I believe you are the best expert on who you are and where you should go. We will explore your past, present, and future, and orient you as a "person in the environment," rather than an isolated individual.
Only taking post graduate MSW and LPC therapist supervisee clients currently. Will take new clients beginning Sept 2024. Tired of being labelled "the problem?" What is your life story? How can it be shaped going forward? Let's focus on those positive "sparkling moments" and make the complexity of the overall situation the main focus of attention in a safe, secure, and empathetic environment. I believe you are the best expert on who you are and where you should go. We will explore your past, present, and future, and orient you as a "person in the environment," rather than an isolated individual.
(608) 709-0296 View (608) 709-0296
Photo of Rachel Vohnoutka, MS, LPC, SAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachel Vohnoutka
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, SAC
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53719  (Online Only)
I am a licensed telehealth therapist with 10 years of experience providing mental health and substance abuse counseling in the state of Wisconsin. I specialize in treatment for depression and anxiety disorders; I also regularly work with individuals struggling with substance abuse (AODA) concerns, self-harm, OCD, perfectionism, high stress, and with young adults/college students navigating the transition to adulthood.
I am a licensed telehealth therapist with 10 years of experience providing mental health and substance abuse counseling in the state of Wisconsin. I specialize in treatment for depression and anxiety disorders; I also regularly work with individuals struggling with substance abuse (AODA) concerns, self-harm, OCD, perfectionism, high stress, and with young adults/college students navigating the transition to adulthood.
(608) 879-6895 View (608) 879-6895
Photo of Jodi Streicher-Bremer, PsyD, MAC, SC, Psychologist
Jodi Streicher-Bremer
Psychologist, PsyD, MAC, SC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53711
Not accepting new clients
I bring warmth and a deeper understanding to your struggles to help find practical and effective solutions when you feel overwhelmed or stuck. My approach is non-judgmental, honest, and collaborative, ensuring that you are heard and actively engaged throughout the process. Sometimes the work is building a sense of hope that things can be better. Other times it might be focused on practical solutions or a deeper understanding of the underlying issues contributing to your struggles. I can help you live a life more aligned with your values and goals.
I bring warmth and a deeper understanding to your struggles to help find practical and effective solutions when you feel overwhelmed or stuck. My approach is non-judgmental, honest, and collaborative, ensuring that you are heard and actively engaged throughout the process. Sometimes the work is building a sense of hope that things can be better. Other times it might be focused on practical solutions or a deeper understanding of the underlying issues contributing to your struggles. I can help you live a life more aligned with your values and goals.
(608) 713-8580 x108 View (608) 713-8580 x108
Photo of Cindy Richgels, MSSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cindy Richgels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53703
Are you struggling with your mood? Experiencing difficulty with motivation, feeling overwhelmed or having difficulty in finding moments of joy? Perhaps you are struggling with depression, anxiety, eating/body image issues, the loss of a loved one, gender identity issues or a life transition. Whatever the issue, I am here to listen, to help you identify and process feelings, to assist you in developing life skills, and ultimately to find hope and to feel better.
Are you struggling with your mood? Experiencing difficulty with motivation, feeling overwhelmed or having difficulty in finding moments of joy? Perhaps you are struggling with depression, anxiety, eating/body image issues, the loss of a loved one, gender identity issues or a life transition. Whatever the issue, I am here to listen, to help you identify and process feelings, to assist you in developing life skills, and ultimately to find hope and to feel better.
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Photo of Kevin Kavanaugh, PsyD, Psychologist
Kevin Kavanaugh
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53713
Kevin Kavanaugh is a Psychologist in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2017. He has a PsyD from Midwestern University. Kevin utilizes a variety of clinical modalities including DBT, CBT, EMDR and other theoretical orientations blended into his practice. He has worked with age ranges from 18 all the way up to 80, and enjoys helping people process, reflect, assess, and direct themselves towards a more positive and holistic future.
Kevin Kavanaugh is a Psychologist in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2017. He has a PsyD from Midwestern University. Kevin utilizes a variety of clinical modalities including DBT, CBT, EMDR and other theoretical orientations blended into his practice. He has worked with age ranges from 18 all the way up to 80, and enjoys helping people process, reflect, assess, and direct themselves towards a more positive and holistic future.
(608) 631-5350 View (608) 631-5350
Photo of Kevin Davies, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kevin Davies
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53711
Kevin uses a collaborative and flexible approach in his work with clients of all backgrounds. His attitude of warmth and non judgement, deliberate attention to the present moment, and familiarity with effective treatment models invites you to open up to your experience in order to pursue what truly matters to you. Kevin has worked with teens, adults, and couples in a variety of settings throughout his career. His experience in crisis management and community-based programs helps him stand with clients during struggles and triumphs with an open heart.
Kevin uses a collaborative and flexible approach in his work with clients of all backgrounds. His attitude of warmth and non judgement, deliberate attention to the present moment, and familiarity with effective treatment models invites you to open up to your experience in order to pursue what truly matters to you. Kevin has worked with teens, adults, and couples in a variety of settings throughout his career. His experience in crisis management and community-based programs helps him stand with clients during struggles and triumphs with an open heart.
(608) 336-4460 View (608) 336-4460
Photo of Taylor Newman, EdS, NASP, Psychologist
Taylor Newman
Psychologist, EdS, NASP
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53703
As parents/guardians, we want to see our children succeed, no matter what it takes. When our children struggle, we struggle as well. These struggles can lead to frustration, especially when we are not able to pinpoint the root cause. Too often, when children present with complex behaviors, and/or varying levels of abilities/intellect, they are mis-understood, or even mis-diagnosed. If you are feeling lost as a parent, are experiencing challenges navigating the school system, or question the narrative regarding your child, please know you are not alone. I am here to help.
As parents/guardians, we want to see our children succeed, no matter what it takes. When our children struggle, we struggle as well. These struggles can lead to frustration, especially when we are not able to pinpoint the root cause. Too often, when children present with complex behaviors, and/or varying levels of abilities/intellect, they are mis-understood, or even mis-diagnosed. If you are feeling lost as a parent, are experiencing challenges navigating the school system, or question the narrative regarding your child, please know you are not alone. I am here to help.
(608) 530-6110 x27 View (608) 530-6110 x27
Shelley Rae Hoepfner
Counselor, MA, LPC, SAC-IT
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53719
Are you feeling stuck in life and not sure which direction to take? We can work together to address the challenges you feel may be affecting your day to day life; regaining clarity around your goals and allowing yourself the permission to move forward. Whether your struggles are with alcohol and drug abuse, an abusive relationship, a life transition or struggling with depression/anxiety, sometimes a different perspective and support is all that's needed to feel empowered and reconnected with you inner self.
Are you feeling stuck in life and not sure which direction to take? We can work together to address the challenges you feel may be affecting your day to day life; regaining clarity around your goals and allowing yourself the permission to move forward. Whether your struggles are with alcohol and drug abuse, an abusive relationship, a life transition or struggling with depression/anxiety, sometimes a different perspective and support is all that's needed to feel empowered and reconnected with you inner self.
(608) 597-6732 View (608) 597-6732
Photo of Tony Utrie, LCSW, SAC-IT, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tony Utrie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SAC-IT
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53713
Tony is a driven, caring, innovative, and experienced Certified Advanced Practice Social Worker and Substance Abuse Counselor who focuses on working with individuals with marginalized identities. Tony honed his therapeutic approach in Madison, working with people living with substance use challenges, mental health issues, and developmental disabilities.
Tony is a driven, caring, innovative, and experienced Certified Advanced Practice Social Worker and Substance Abuse Counselor who focuses on working with individuals with marginalized identities. Tony honed his therapeutic approach in Madison, working with people living with substance use challenges, mental health issues, and developmental disabilities.
(608) 802-6800 View (608) 802-6800
Photo of Jamie Pekarek Krohn, LPC, CYT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jamie Pekarek Krohn
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CYT
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53711
The longest and most intimate relationship we'll have is with ourselves. It is also the foundation from which we build all other relationships. Oftentimes, aspects of it can bring us pain and confusion, leading us to develop disruptive thoughts and behaviors. This is when therapy can be helpful. My clients tend to be individuals and couples who realize they are not living at their fullest potential and want to get there. Together, we can create a space where you feel safe to explore problematic patterns and connect with healthy, more productive ones that move you forward.
The longest and most intimate relationship we'll have is with ourselves. It is also the foundation from which we build all other relationships. Oftentimes, aspects of it can bring us pain and confusion, leading us to develop disruptive thoughts and behaviors. This is when therapy can be helpful. My clients tend to be individuals and couples who realize they are not living at their fullest potential and want to get there. Together, we can create a space where you feel safe to explore problematic patterns and connect with healthy, more productive ones that move you forward.
(608) 465-5116 View (608) 465-5116
Photo of Allison Ommodt, BA, LPC-IT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Allison Ommodt
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA, LPC-IT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53713
Are you struggling with anxiety, hopelessness, or burnout? Each day your stress is piling higher, and you feel like you can’t keep up. You may be feeling alone like no one understands what you’re going through. Maybe you’re overwhelmed amid a big life change, where you’re struggling to find peace in your new reality, or a parent who feels lost in how to help their child. I want to assure you that you’ve found a supportive space here. I specialize in working with individuals ages 14 & up with a variety of struggles like complex trauma, autism, attachment issues, adoption, life transitions, anxiety, & more.
Are you struggling with anxiety, hopelessness, or burnout? Each day your stress is piling higher, and you feel like you can’t keep up. You may be feeling alone like no one understands what you’re going through. Maybe you’re overwhelmed amid a big life change, where you’re struggling to find peace in your new reality, or a parent who feels lost in how to help their child. I want to assure you that you’ve found a supportive space here. I specialize in working with individuals ages 14 & up with a variety of struggles like complex trauma, autism, attachment issues, adoption, life transitions, anxiety, & more.
(608) 585-8263 View (608) 585-8263
Photo of Blake Bettis, PsyD, Psychologist
Blake Bettis
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53704  (Online Only)
We suffer for many reasons: some physical, some psychological, and some social and political, typically a combination. Often, our best efforts to prevent or reduce pain, which might once have been effective, lead to different kinds of pain and we find these ingrained patterns of self-protection difficult to change. It’s important to address suffering at all levels (personal, interpersonal, sociopolitical), and therapy can be one of many steps you need to take to address the sources of your distress. Therapy is a chance to explore the ways you have made meaning of your experiences and how these have helped and/or hindered you.
We suffer for many reasons: some physical, some psychological, and some social and political, typically a combination. Often, our best efforts to prevent or reduce pain, which might once have been effective, lead to different kinds of pain and we find these ingrained patterns of self-protection difficult to change. It’s important to address suffering at all levels (personal, interpersonal, sociopolitical), and therapy can be one of many steps you need to take to address the sources of your distress. Therapy is a chance to explore the ways you have made meaning of your experiences and how these have helped and/or hindered you.
(608) 879-1124 View (608) 879-1124
Kathryn Coleman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53705  (Online Only)
I enjoy working with individuals, couples and groups on a variety of mental health needs including anxiety, racing mind, motivation, writer's block, communication and listening skills, goal setting, distress and frustration tolerance skills, values clarification, medical distress, grief and social distress (discrimination, lack of social supports). I work to integrate humor, compassion, mindfulness, non-judgmental curiosity in all aspects of my work. I see people ages 18 and older. Please call if you feel I can be of help.
I enjoy working with individuals, couples and groups on a variety of mental health needs including anxiety, racing mind, motivation, writer's block, communication and listening skills, goal setting, distress and frustration tolerance skills, values clarification, medical distress, grief and social distress (discrimination, lack of social supports). I work to integrate humor, compassion, mindfulness, non-judgmental curiosity in all aspects of my work. I see people ages 18 and older. Please call if you feel I can be of help.
(608) 371-6889 x224 View (608) 371-6889 x224
Photo of Sheri Nagel, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Sheri Nagel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Madison, WI 53719
Sheri Nagel is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2012. She has an undergraduate degree in Psychology, Human Services and English Literature from the University of Wisconsin Stevens Point and a graduate degree in Education and Professional Counseling from the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh. Life can bring challenges that affect us psychologically, emotionally, spiritually, and physically. Sheri is committed to understanding every person's unique perceptions, feelings, and beliefs, while recognizing and respecting people for where they are on their journey.
Sheri Nagel is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Wisconsin who has been practicing since 2012. She has an undergraduate degree in Psychology, Human Services and English Literature from the University of Wisconsin Stevens Point and a graduate degree in Education and Professional Counseling from the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh. Life can bring challenges that affect us psychologically, emotionally, spiritually, and physically. Sheri is committed to understanding every person's unique perceptions, feelings, and beliefs, while recognizing and respecting people for where they are on their journey.
(608) 360-9491 View (608) 360-9491
Photo of Amber L Ault, PhD, LCSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amber L Ault
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53705
You're here because you're somewhere between "deeply worried" & "frantic" over a difficult relationship. You feel frustrated, confused, hurt, angry, & maybe a little crazy. The other person may be a partner, parent, sibling, or adult child - someone w/whom you feel you want to have a relationship, but whose criticisms, controlling behaviors. volatility, manipulations, or demands steal your joy. They may also cost you a lot of time, money, energy, social support, & creativity. You wonder if you're dealing w Narcissistic Abuse. They refuse to change. You believe staying stuck where you are may destroy you, and you may be right.
You're here because you're somewhere between "deeply worried" & "frantic" over a difficult relationship. You feel frustrated, confused, hurt, angry, & maybe a little crazy. The other person may be a partner, parent, sibling, or adult child - someone w/whom you feel you want to have a relationship, but whose criticisms, controlling behaviors. volatility, manipulations, or demands steal your joy. They may also cost you a lot of time, money, energy, social support, & creativity. You wonder if you're dealing w Narcissistic Abuse. They refuse to change. You believe staying stuck where you are may destroy you, and you may be right.
(608) 557-3341 View (608) 557-3341
Photo of Patti Bee, MS, LPC, LMHC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patti Bee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Madison, WI 53704  (Online Only)
Patti Bee, LPC is a seasoned IFS Therapist with 10+ years of experience, using the Internal Family Systems Therapy Model. Patti works with women who want to finally access the roots of that "last hanger on issue" and repair it. That issue that just seems illusive regardless of all your many outward life successes. Patti has specialized expertise to access those elusive subconscious places in the mind, with 30+ years of experience as a Professional Psychic, Energy Healer, and Shamanic Practitioner. Combined with IFS expertise, she offers real results in therapy. Fastest way to contact Patti is by email. Contact Patti Today!
Patti Bee, LPC is a seasoned IFS Therapist with 10+ years of experience, using the Internal Family Systems Therapy Model. Patti works with women who want to finally access the roots of that "last hanger on issue" and repair it. That issue that just seems illusive regardless of all your many outward life successes. Patti has specialized expertise to access those elusive subconscious places in the mind, with 30+ years of experience as a Professional Psychic, Energy Healer, and Shamanic Practitioner. Combined with IFS expertise, she offers real results in therapy. Fastest way to contact Patti is by email. Contact Patti Today!
(608) 602-8517 View (608) 602-8517
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Madison, WI

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Madison, WI who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
71% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Quartz
51% BlueCross and BlueShield
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Madison, WI see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Madison?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.