Sports Performance Therapists in Texas

Photo of Dr. Candace Southall, PhD, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Candace Southall
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77015  (Online Only)
I specialize in anxiety, sports performance/mental health, and relationship issues.
Life can be a rollercoaster ride and there are times when we experience tough moments or frustration. Managing those situations and emotions can be challenging. In life we are taught how to do many tasks and skills but when was the last time someone taught you how to deal with your emotions? My goal is to help you learn how to identify those emotions, learn how to cope, and work through your problems to build your emotional toolbox. Sometimes we just need someone to talk to who will truly listen without judgment and offer support. That is where I am able to assist. I am able to provide either faith-based or secular counseling.
I specialize in anxiety, sports performance/mental health, and relationship issues.
Life can be a rollercoaster ride and there are times when we experience tough moments or frustration. Managing those situations and emotions can be challenging. In life we are taught how to do many tasks and skills but when was the last time someone taught you how to deal with your emotions? My goal is to help you learn how to identify those emotions, learn how to cope, and work through your problems to build your emotional toolbox. Sometimes we just need someone to talk to who will truly listen without judgment and offer support. That is where I am able to assist. I am able to provide either faith-based or secular counseling.
(281) 247-6804 View (281) 247-6804
Photo of Olivia Wheeler, LPC-A, LPC Intern
Olivia Wheeler
LPC Intern, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Round Rock, TX 78664  (Online Only)
I specialize in addiction recovery, sports performance, and relationship issues (romantic and familial).
I’m glad you’re here! I see teens and adults with varying life struggles including anxiety, depression, affair recovery, addiction, low self esteem, etc. I assist those who are ready to tackle the underlying issues keeping them stuck, and identify and resolve unhealthy patterns in their relationships with self and others. As a former collegiate athlete, I am also passionate about seeing athletes struggling with sports performance, body shaming, performance anxiety, etc. I help athletes tackle mental barriers and connect mind to body to accomplish peak athletic performance.
I specialize in addiction recovery, sports performance, and relationship issues (romantic and familial).
I’m glad you’re here! I see teens and adults with varying life struggles including anxiety, depression, affair recovery, addiction, low self esteem, etc. I assist those who are ready to tackle the underlying issues keeping them stuck, and identify and resolve unhealthy patterns in their relationships with self and others. As a former collegiate athlete, I am also passionate about seeing athletes struggling with sports performance, body shaming, performance anxiety, etc. I help athletes tackle mental barriers and connect mind to body to accomplish peak athletic performance.
(737) 252-7291 View (737) 252-7291
Photo of Jacob Weissman
Jacob Weissman
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate
Verified Verified
Bellaire, TX 77401
I have experience in the pro sports world as a professional air hockey player (top 10 world ranked, former World Champion), and I love using the cognitive behavioral and motivational techniques that I have learned as a therapist to help athletes of all stripes to achieve their goals.
I love helping people with OCD, athletes under pressure to perform, and men whose lives and relationships are unraveling because of video games. Each of these areas resonate with me in different ways, and I have so much compassion for people going through these challenges. As someone who has personally experienced OCD, I understand, in a very real sense, how debilitating it can be. I know what it’s like to have a part of your brain whispering to you, “I can’t feel this way…I must do something to make the feeling go away, or something bad will happen.” I also know what it is like to go through treatment and get better!
I have experience in the pro sports world as a professional air hockey player (top 10 world ranked, former World Champion), and I love using the cognitive behavioral and motivational techniques that I have learned as a therapist to help athletes of all stripes to achieve their goals.
I love helping people with OCD, athletes under pressure to perform, and men whose lives and relationships are unraveling because of video games. Each of these areas resonate with me in different ways, and I have so much compassion for people going through these challenges. As someone who has personally experienced OCD, I understand, in a very real sense, how debilitating it can be. I know what it’s like to have a part of your brain whispering to you, “I can’t feel this way…I must do something to make the feeling go away, or something bad will happen.” I also know what it is like to go through treatment and get better!
(844) 386-4649 View (844) 386-4649
Photo of Mark Abou-Rached, MA
Mark Abou-Rached
LPC Associate, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pflugerville, TX 78660
Life can be full of challenges and setbacks. At times, it can feel very overwhelming and make it hard to cope. However, we do not have to go through them alone. If you find yourself feeling stuck, unmotivated, and discontent with life in general, it may be time to begin therapy. I specialize in treating issues involving self-esteem, relationship conflict, emotion regulation, body dysmorphia, and sports performance.
Life can be full of challenges and setbacks. At times, it can feel very overwhelming and make it hard to cope. However, we do not have to go through them alone. If you find yourself feeling stuck, unmotivated, and discontent with life in general, it may be time to begin therapy. I specialize in treating issues involving self-esteem, relationship conflict, emotion regulation, body dysmorphia, and sports performance.
(512) 643-5832 View (512) 643-5832
Photo of Elizabeth Handy - EMDR, Brainspotting & Psychotherapy of Austin PLLC, LCPC, EMDR-C, BSP-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
EMDR, Brainspotting & Psychotherapy of Austin PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, EMDR-C, BSP-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Georgetown, TX 78628
I specialize in treating PTSD, panic attacks, anxiety, depression and dissociative disorders, sports trauma therapy, performance issues, relationship therapy and more without the use of medications.
Your treatment has a beginning, middle & end. I am trained and certified in many of the latest breakthrough treatments including EMDR and Brainspotting. I use these modalities because I have found them to be the most effective. The field of psychotherapy has come a long way since it began. We now know that it doesn't have to take as long as previously believed for permanent healing and change to take place. The term "neuroplasticity" refers to the brain's ability to change and rewire itself at any age or stage of life. Too often, clients participate in years of talk therapy and medication management without results.
I specialize in treating PTSD, panic attacks, anxiety, depression and dissociative disorders, sports trauma therapy, performance issues, relationship therapy and more without the use of medications.
Your treatment has a beginning, middle & end. I am trained and certified in many of the latest breakthrough treatments including EMDR and Brainspotting. I use these modalities because I have found them to be the most effective. The field of psychotherapy has come a long way since it began. We now know that it doesn't have to take as long as previously believed for permanent healing and change to take place. The term "neuroplasticity" refers to the brain's ability to change and rewire itself at any age or stage of life. Too often, clients participate in years of talk therapy and medication management without results.
(512) 798-0673 View (512) 798-0673
Photo of Anne (Kip) Rodgers Watson, MA, LPC-S, CHPC, MBTI, CPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Anne (Kip) Rodgers Watson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, CHPC, MBTI, CPT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Frisco, TX 75033
As a Sports Psychotherapist, Certified High Performance Coach, and former professional athlete, I have worked with athletes 10-yrs-old to the professional level in a variety of sports.
Want solutions? Tired of therapy and instead need mental training? What if you could manage the struggle better whether anxiety, lack of confidence, low motivation, or more serious issues such as depression, addiction, lack of discipline, and poor communication. I take each client through a thorough mental health screening. The second session goes through results: Athletic Report, Stress Management Report, and Career Report, along with a Recommendation Plan for improvement. Clients gain a clear understanding of strengths, weaknesses plus the next steps for progress. The process works for executives and high performers too!
As a Sports Psychotherapist, Certified High Performance Coach, and former professional athlete, I have worked with athletes 10-yrs-old to the professional level in a variety of sports.
Want solutions? Tired of therapy and instead need mental training? What if you could manage the struggle better whether anxiety, lack of confidence, low motivation, or more serious issues such as depression, addiction, lack of discipline, and poor communication. I take each client through a thorough mental health screening. The second session goes through results: Athletic Report, Stress Management Report, and Career Report, along with a Recommendation Plan for improvement. Clients gain a clear understanding of strengths, weaknesses plus the next steps for progress. The process works for executives and high performers too!
(972) 325-5925 View (972) 325-5925
Photo of Kelsey Royston, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kelsey Royston
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Carrollton, TX 75010  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience working with individual adults going through or contemplating divorce, as well as those going through higher education. I am passionate about working with adults who find themselves at a different point in life than they thought they would be. I also enjoy working with athletes, former athletes, or fitness minded people who are struggling to perform or need help transitioning to a healthy life without sports. Identity can easily get wrapped up in what we do in our day to day lives.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with experience working with individual adults going through or contemplating divorce, as well as those going through higher education. I am passionate about working with adults who find themselves at a different point in life than they thought they would be. I also enjoy working with athletes, former athletes, or fitness minded people who are struggling to perform or need help transitioning to a healthy life without sports. Identity can easily get wrapped up in what we do in our day to day lives.
(469) 564-5878 View (469) 564-5878
Photo of Mary L King, MS, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Mary L King
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Keller, TX 76248
I specializing in sports performance and other performance areas such as academic, music, and career.
I enjoy working with adults and teens to overcome anxiety, frustration, depression, and relationship concerns. It is fairly typical for all of us to struggle at times with setbacks and disappointments. My goal is to help you identify and work on the unhelpful parts of your life so that you can improve, eliminate symptoms, and lead a more fulfilling life. Together we can create an environment that not only nurtures personal responsibility, success, and growth but also fits your personality, interests, skills, and preferences. I have personally witnessed the rapid progress that individuals can make during therapy.
I specializing in sports performance and other performance areas such as academic, music, and career.
I enjoy working with adults and teens to overcome anxiety, frustration, depression, and relationship concerns. It is fairly typical for all of us to struggle at times with setbacks and disappointments. My goal is to help you identify and work on the unhelpful parts of your life so that you can improve, eliminate symptoms, and lead a more fulfilling life. Together we can create an environment that not only nurtures personal responsibility, success, and growth but also fits your personality, interests, skills, and preferences. I have personally witnessed the rapid progress that individuals can make during therapy.
(682) 452-7533 View (682) 452-7533
Photo of Robbin Cooley, LAC
Robbin Cooley
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate , LAC
Verified Verified
Flower Mound, TX 75022  (Online Only)
I specialize in men's issues, sports performance and relationship issues.
Are you feeling stuck, angry, hopeless, or numb? You’ve made attempts for progress and it doesn’t seem like you’re getting anywhere. Maybe you thought you would be further along in your career, or with your relationships, or just life in general. You might notice growing resentment towards the people in your life and feel annoyed listening to their complaints. What do they have to complain about?
I specialize in men's issues, sports performance and relationship issues.
Are you feeling stuck, angry, hopeless, or numb? You’ve made attempts for progress and it doesn’t seem like you’re getting anywhere. Maybe you thought you would be further along in your career, or with your relationships, or just life in general. You might notice growing resentment towards the people in your life and feel annoyed listening to their complaints. What do they have to complain about?
(737) 371-8626 View (737) 371-8626
Photo of Ladricca White, LPC, MA, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ladricca White
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77002  (Online Only)
At EDGE Sports Counseling, we offer Telehealth services for individuals in Texas.
Our goal is to break the stigma surrounding mental health in athletics. We strive to empower you as the individual by contributing to their overall quality of life. Whether you're an aspiring athlete, a seasoned professional, or someone seeking balance and fulfillment in your active lifestyle, our counseling services are tailored to meet your unique needs.
At EDGE Sports Counseling, we offer Telehealth services for individuals in Texas.
Our goal is to break the stigma surrounding mental health in athletics. We strive to empower you as the individual by contributing to their overall quality of life. Whether you're an aspiring athlete, a seasoned professional, or someone seeking balance and fulfillment in your active lifestyle, our counseling services are tailored to meet your unique needs.
(832) 536-9127 View (832) 536-9127
Photo of Dr. Richard Trammel - Level 3 Sports Psychology, EdD, MS, L3S-CT
Dr. Richard Trammel - Level 3 Sports Psychology
EdD, MS, L3S-CT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78203
As a REAL sports psychologist, I have a unique practice in that I specialize in working with athletes who have the desire to take their game to the next level. Being a competitive athlete helps me relate to other competitive people in sports or business. My primary focus is on confidence building and the elimination of performance anxiety. I use a 3 tiered approach to training: Perspective Training, Mental Skills Training, and Applied Settings (if applicable at a sporting location). I am the only professional to offer that kind of travel service. We also offer Coaching Certification Programs for those who are interested in teaching.
As a REAL sports psychologist, I have a unique practice in that I specialize in working with athletes who have the desire to take their game to the next level. Being a competitive athlete helps me relate to other competitive people in sports or business. My primary focus is on confidence building and the elimination of performance anxiety. I use a 3 tiered approach to training: Perspective Training, Mental Skills Training, and Applied Settings (if applicable at a sporting location). I am the only professional to offer that kind of travel service. We also offer Coaching Certification Programs for those who are interested in teaching.
(210) 361-7828 View (210) 361-7828
Photo of Justin Blake - Mind Right Sport Psychology, EdD, Counselor
Mind Right Sport Psychology
Counselor, EdD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78255
Mindset is everything in sports, performance, and life.
We offer mental skill training for athletes of all levels, professionals looking for an edge, weekend warriors, and anyone who wants to build a strong mental game. Skills like mental toughness, anxiety and emotion management around performance, focus, routine, visualization, and goal setting are all trainable. We take a cognitive behavioral approach, combined with sport and performance psychology principles, Self-Determination Theory, and Positive Psychology, to build a high-performance mindset. You will learn to consistently perform at the high end of your abilities and manage obstacles, slumps, or distractions when they arise.
Mindset is everything in sports, performance, and life.
We offer mental skill training for athletes of all levels, professionals looking for an edge, weekend warriors, and anyone who wants to build a strong mental game. Skills like mental toughness, anxiety and emotion management around performance, focus, routine, visualization, and goal setting are all trainable. We take a cognitive behavioral approach, combined with sport and performance psychology principles, Self-Determination Theory, and Positive Psychology, to build a high-performance mindset. You will learn to consistently perform at the high end of your abilities and manage obstacles, slumps, or distractions when they arise.
(210) 943-9341 View (210) 943-9341
Photo of Jamaika Hughes, LCSW, EMDR, ART, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jamaika Hughes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR, ART
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77002  (Online Only)
Jamaika is an LCSW who utilizes a very person centered approach, however she does challenge her clients when needed. Jamaika see’s an array of clients including those who are dealing with adjustment issues due to a stressful change in their life (toxic relationships, heartbreak, divorce, new job, school, sports performance issues etc.) as well as, see clients with diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bipolar and more. Jamaika is has experience in working with an array of clients but holds specialty in three areas: Elite & Professional Athletes, Domestic Violence, and Alcohol & Substance Use/Addictions.
Jamaika is an LCSW who utilizes a very person centered approach, however she does challenge her clients when needed. Jamaika see’s an array of clients including those who are dealing with adjustment issues due to a stressful change in their life (toxic relationships, heartbreak, divorce, new job, school, sports performance issues etc.) as well as, see clients with diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bipolar and more. Jamaika is has experience in working with an array of clients but holds specialty in three areas: Elite & Professional Athletes, Domestic Violence, and Alcohol & Substance Use/Addictions.
(346) 584-4523 View (346) 584-4523
Photo of Michelle Overman, MMFT, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Overman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
Abilene, TX 79602  (Online Only)
I can work with athletic teams on team building and performance related concerns. I can expand these topics beyond the world of sports for places including businesses and schools as well as for high risk occupations such as military personnel, firefighters, and police officers. I also work with young adult issues including depression, anxiety, and trauma (particularly related to past sexual assault). I also enjoy working with couples, families with teenagers, and LGBT individuals.
I can work with athletic teams on team building and performance related concerns. I can expand these topics beyond the world of sports for places including businesses and schools as well as for high risk occupations such as military personnel, firefighters, and police officers. I also work with young adult issues including depression, anxiety, and trauma (particularly related to past sexual assault). I also enjoy working with couples, families with teenagers, and LGBT individuals.
(325) 423-8436 View (325) 423-8436
Photo of Sky Taylor, MA, LPC-A
Sky Taylor
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Sky received her Masters in Mental Health and Wellness from New York University. She has over 4 years of experience working with clients ranging from 6 to 73 years old. Sky is passionate about helping her clients grow into who they want to be by walking alongside them and creating a lasting, foundational relationship. She meets her clients where they’re at and aims to provide an open, calm and welcoming environment. Sky specializes in sports therapy and loves helping athletes reach their full potential. She also enjoys working with adolescents who are navigating critical changes in their life.
Sky received her Masters in Mental Health and Wellness from New York University. She has over 4 years of experience working with clients ranging from 6 to 73 years old. Sky is passionate about helping her clients grow into who they want to be by walking alongside them and creating a lasting, foundational relationship. She meets her clients where they’re at and aims to provide an open, calm and welcoming environment. Sky specializes in sports therapy and loves helping athletes reach their full potential. She also enjoys working with adolescents who are navigating critical changes in their life.
(469) 746-3230 View (469) 746-3230
Photo of Mike MacCrory, MEd, CMPC
Mike MacCrory
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MEd, CMPC
Verified Verified
Frisco, TX 75034
I specialize in working with teens and adults who are struggling with sports performance issues, men's issues, and anxiety.
Are you an athlete struggling to play your best and unable to explain what’s holding you back? Are you a man feeling the pressure to never show weakness? Are you someone who is struggling to adapt to big changes that are happening recently in your life? You’re a capable person who rarely needs help, but you’ve felt off your game for a while now. You know something is different but you aren’t sure what’s keeping you down.
I specialize in working with teens and adults who are struggling with sports performance issues, men's issues, and anxiety.
Are you an athlete struggling to play your best and unable to explain what’s holding you back? Are you a man feeling the pressure to never show weakness? Are you someone who is struggling to adapt to big changes that are happening recently in your life? You’re a capable person who rarely needs help, but you’ve felt off your game for a while now. You know something is different but you aren’t sure what’s keeping you down.
(972) 521-7784 View (972) 521-7784
Photo of Julie L Wiernik - Texas Center for Sport Psychology, PsyD, Psychologist
Texas Center for Sport Psychology
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
Keep it simple in sports.
Highest qualifications and total preparedness equals confidence and results. I was a varsity three sport high school athlete: volleyball, basketball, and softball and an academic and athletic All-American softball player in college and beyond. I received my doctorate in 2002 (age 28) and have been in the mental health field for over 20 years. I am the only licensed clinical sport psychologist in San Antonio who is certified by the Association of Applied Sport Psychology. My clinical and sport psychology extensive training gives me the credibility to work with total athlete needs, not just sport performance.
Keep it simple in sports.
Highest qualifications and total preparedness equals confidence and results. I was a varsity three sport high school athlete: volleyball, basketball, and softball and an academic and athletic All-American softball player in college and beyond. I received my doctorate in 2002 (age 28) and have been in the mental health field for over 20 years. I am the only licensed clinical sport psychologist in San Antonio who is certified by the Association of Applied Sport Psychology. My clinical and sport psychology extensive training gives me the credibility to work with total athlete needs, not just sport performance.
(210) 418-2293 View (210) 418-2293
Photo of Yamilet Molina: Eating Disorder And Sports Counselor, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Yamilet Molina: Eating Disorder And Sports Counselor
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77024
My approach is tailored to your unique needs, focusing on building a healthier relationship with food, improving sports performance, and fostering a sense of balance and well-being.
Are you an athlete or high performer tired of having a complicated relationship with food, your body, and exercise? Do you struggle with your confidence which is impacting your performance? I specialize in helping people recover from eating disorders and supporting athletes in achieving peak performance. As an eating disorder therapist, I help clients address the root causes of emotional pain that impacts eating behaviors, including anxiety, trauma, perfectionism, and body image issues. As a sports counselor and former D1 athlete, I provide athletes with skills to overcome self-doubt, over-exercise, and performance slumps.
My approach is tailored to your unique needs, focusing on building a healthier relationship with food, improving sports performance, and fostering a sense of balance and well-being.
Are you an athlete or high performer tired of having a complicated relationship with food, your body, and exercise? Do you struggle with your confidence which is impacting your performance? I specialize in helping people recover from eating disorders and supporting athletes in achieving peak performance. As an eating disorder therapist, I help clients address the root causes of emotional pain that impacts eating behaviors, including anxiety, trauma, perfectionism, and body image issues. As a sports counselor and former D1 athlete, I provide athletes with skills to overcome self-doubt, over-exercise, and performance slumps.
(361) 203-5421 View (361) 203-5421
Photo of Aleia Campbell, NCC, MS
Aleia Campbell
LPC Associate, NCC, MS
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Dallas, TX 75219
My specialization includes guiding adults and teens through challenges such as anxiety, life transitions, sports performance, self-worth, stress, women's and men's issues, and career concerns.
Hi! My name is Aleia and I am passionate about helping individuals navigate the complexities of life! I am committed to establishing a safe and welcoming environment; encouraging you to delve into your current challenges and embark on a journey of healing and personal growth. I recognize that every individual is unique, and so is my approach to therapy. I value creating a therapeutic environment that cultivates authenticity, open-mindedness, acceptance, creativity, and autonomy. Together, we will develop a personalized approach that aligns with your needs and goals.
My specialization includes guiding adults and teens through challenges such as anxiety, life transitions, sports performance, self-worth, stress, women's and men's issues, and career concerns.
Hi! My name is Aleia and I am passionate about helping individuals navigate the complexities of life! I am committed to establishing a safe and welcoming environment; encouraging you to delve into your current challenges and embark on a journey of healing and personal growth. I recognize that every individual is unique, and so is my approach to therapy. I value creating a therapeutic environment that cultivates authenticity, open-mindedness, acceptance, creativity, and autonomy. Together, we will develop a personalized approach that aligns with your needs and goals.
(214) 974-3058 View (214) 974-3058
Photo of Timothy J Zeddies, PhD, Psychologist
Timothy J Zeddies
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
I maintain a full-time private practice in Austin specializing in sports psychology, mood and anxiety disorders, and psychological testing for adolescents and adults.
I maintain a full-time private practice in Austin specializing in sports psychology, mood and anxiety disorders, and psychological testing for adolescents and adults.
(512) 948-3352 View (512) 948-3352
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Sports Performance Therapists

How does sports psychology work?

Sports psychology helps athletes identify and overcome challenges, such as perfectionism or a fear of failure, and improve key mental skills, such as confidence or concentration. By applying principles and techniques from psychology, such as goal-setting, visualization, positive self-talk, and emotion regulation, sports psychologists help athletes improve their performance on the field and their well-being overall.

How long does treatment for a sports-related problem take?

The duration of sports psychology treatment depends on the athlete’s individual challenges, goals, the complexity of the interventions used, and even on the length of the season. A performance anxiety issue may be treated with a short-term treatment, like Cognitive behavioural therapy, while issues such as depression, substance abuse, or severe anxiety may require longer-term treatments.

How effective is treatment for sports performance problems?

Sports psychology has been shown to improve performance and help athletes manage their emotions. Sports psychology can be effective in boosting performance, team dynamics, and injury rehabilitation. Over the past decade, nearly every professional sports team in every major sport has added a sports psychologist to its staff. Many colleges have done the same, and even some high school programs have done the same. Olympic hopefuls may consult with sports psychologists starting in elementary school.

What are the limitations of sports psychology?

Sports psychology may have several limitations. Every athlete is unique and may respond differently to sports psychology treatments. Therapy can help an athlete reach their potential; it can help athletes cope with injury and pain, but it cannot change the physical limitations that may be affecting an athlete’s performance.