Photo of Carly Boeselt, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carly Boeselt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Life isn’t always easy. No one is exempt from pain and the difficult emotions that inevitably will come our way at one point or another. Seeking out support for your mental health is a sign of strength and courage, and we are here to help guide you through a journey of growth and self-discovery. Perhaps you're experiencing anxiety, or you're not happy with your job. Maybe you're beginning to realize the traumas of your past are affecting you in negative ways, or you're unsure about the future of a relationship, or just feel that you aren't living the life you were meant to lead. We are here to offer genuine, authentic guidance.
Life isn’t always easy. No one is exempt from pain and the difficult emotions that inevitably will come our way at one point or another. Seeking out support for your mental health is a sign of strength and courage, and we are here to help guide you through a journey of growth and self-discovery. Perhaps you're experiencing anxiety, or you're not happy with your job. Maybe you're beginning to realize the traumas of your past are affecting you in negative ways, or you're unsure about the future of a relationship, or just feel that you aren't living the life you were meant to lead. We are here to offer genuine, authentic guidance.
(480) 681-5845 View (480) 681-5845
Photo of Dr. Ruth N. Faucette, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Ruth N. Faucette
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Has life become so challenging that you ask yourself, “Will it ever get easier?” As we journey down the road of life, we will run into bumps, make wrong turns, and even get into wrecks. When that happens, we need guidance to get back to being our happiest, healthiest selves. Whether you are facing the stress from common life-cycle transitions (e.g., beginning a new career, facing a big move, etc.), experiencing a loss of “spark” in your relationship, noticing a breakdown in communication with family members, or facing the psychological and biological comorbidity of chronic illness, I am here to help you navigate the road ahead.
Has life become so challenging that you ask yourself, “Will it ever get easier?” As we journey down the road of life, we will run into bumps, make wrong turns, and even get into wrecks. When that happens, we need guidance to get back to being our happiest, healthiest selves. Whether you are facing the stress from common life-cycle transitions (e.g., beginning a new career, facing a big move, etc.), experiencing a loss of “spark” in your relationship, noticing a breakdown in communication with family members, or facing the psychological and biological comorbidity of chronic illness, I am here to help you navigate the road ahead.
(623) 624-9225 View (623) 624-9225
Photo of Camille Steffen, LCSW, MA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Camille Steffen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85250
Camille Steffen is licensed in the state of Illinois and Arizona as a Clinical Social Worker. As a clinician Camille primarily works with guests on managing anxiety, depression, and adjustment to life changes. Additional areas of experience include mood disorders, identity related issues, low self esteem, and interpersonal relationship issues. Additionally, individuals who are looking to process a traumatic event and develop tools for regulation after a trauma will find her style to be reassuring.
Camille Steffen is licensed in the state of Illinois and Arizona as a Clinical Social Worker. As a clinician Camille primarily works with guests on managing anxiety, depression, and adjustment to life changes. Additional areas of experience include mood disorders, identity related issues, low self esteem, and interpersonal relationship issues. Additionally, individuals who are looking to process a traumatic event and develop tools for regulation after a trauma will find her style to be reassuring.
(872) 704-8499 View (872) 704-8499
Photo of Tara S Verhagen, MAS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tara S Verhagen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MAS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
The most important thing to myself and Therapy With Heart is to provide a safe space for growth and to work on the relationship with yourself and others.
I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for individuals, families, and couples to strengthen their relationships with others and themselves. I take a collaborative approach with you to understand your experience and guide you toward personal growth, emotional awareness, and healthy relationships. I have 10 years experience working with individuals who struggle with mental health and families who have children that require special care including autism, mental, and physical disabilities.
The most important thing to myself and Therapy With Heart is to provide a safe space for growth and to work on the relationship with yourself and others.
I provide a safe, non-judgmental space for individuals, families, and couples to strengthen their relationships with others and themselves. I take a collaborative approach with you to understand your experience and guide you toward personal growth, emotional awareness, and healthy relationships. I have 10 years experience working with individuals who struggle with mental health and families who have children that require special care including autism, mental, and physical disabilities.
(480) 771-8868 View (480) 771-8868
Photo of Danielle McGraw, PhD, Psychologist
Danielle McGraw
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85257  (Online Only)
I am a trauma-informed psychologist with a strengths-based approach that is grounded in the fundamentals of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This means that I believe that everyone in life experiences situations that affect their beliefs, thoughts, emotions, and values, sometimes in unhelpful ways. My focus areas are relationship issues (romantic/family/friends), trauma and PTSD, couples counseling, anxiety, depression, anger management, career counseling, family conflict, infidelity, self-esteem, stress, among other issues. Healthy relationships with yourself and others can improve your overall well-being and mental health.
I am a trauma-informed psychologist with a strengths-based approach that is grounded in the fundamentals of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This means that I believe that everyone in life experiences situations that affect their beliefs, thoughts, emotions, and values, sometimes in unhelpful ways. My focus areas are relationship issues (romantic/family/friends), trauma and PTSD, couples counseling, anxiety, depression, anger management, career counseling, family conflict, infidelity, self-esteem, stress, among other issues. Healthy relationships with yourself and others can improve your overall well-being and mental health.
(602) 932-7140 View (602) 932-7140
Photo of Amy L Rubin Lotus Counseling Llc, LPC, LISAC, MAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amy L Rubin Lotus Counseling Llc
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LISAC, MAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85250
Anxiety, ADHD, relationship issues, life transitions, trauma/PTSD, depression, Recovery support - the time for change is now. I'll help you challenge negative beliefs, change unhelpful behaviors, and achieve personal growth. I focus on practical steps and achievable goals to create lasting change. I can help you identify patterns in relationships to foster more positive interactions. A past event you can't get past? I'm a Certified EMDR Therapist with advanced training in ADHD treatment. As a Master Addiction Counselor, I’ll support you as we identify and disentangle unhelpful patterns in your life. Adults only, please.
Anxiety, ADHD, relationship issues, life transitions, trauma/PTSD, depression, Recovery support - the time for change is now. I'll help you challenge negative beliefs, change unhelpful behaviors, and achieve personal growth. I focus on practical steps and achievable goals to create lasting change. I can help you identify patterns in relationships to foster more positive interactions. A past event you can't get past? I'm a Certified EMDR Therapist with advanced training in ADHD treatment. As a Master Addiction Counselor, I’ll support you as we identify and disentangle unhelpful patterns in your life. Adults only, please.
(602) 780-3244 View (602) 780-3244
Photo of Renee Garnier, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Renee Garnier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251  (Online Only)
My treatment specialty includes, but not limited to, anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
As a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW), I have been providing counseling to individuals for 14 years. I utilize a combination of therapeutic techniques to increase both self-awareness and insight as well as skill building and coping strategies. My belief is that the key to successful treatment is the therapeutic relationship. In my practice, I aim to create a collaborative, open, and safe therapeutic environment. During our first session, my goal is to work with you to develop an individualized treatment plan based on your unique needs. I provided telehealth services in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico and New York.
My treatment specialty includes, but not limited to, anxiety, depression and relationship issues.
As a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW), I have been providing counseling to individuals for 14 years. I utilize a combination of therapeutic techniques to increase both self-awareness and insight as well as skill building and coping strategies. My belief is that the key to successful treatment is the therapeutic relationship. In my practice, I aim to create a collaborative, open, and safe therapeutic environment. During our first session, my goal is to work with you to develop an individualized treatment plan based on your unique needs. I provided telehealth services in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico and New York.
(480) 470-6778 View (480) 470-6778
Photo of Anna G Liu - Wiser Counseling - Anna Liu, LCSW, MBA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wiser Counseling - Anna Liu
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MBA
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Drop your mask and stop living on autopilot! Let's face it: everyday feels like a struggle, even though you seem to have everything that is supposed to make your happy. it feels like you have no purpose in your life anymore. You're asked to play so many parts in everyday life. The problem is that you're exhausted, and your sense of self was lost along the way. You've been so dedicated to everyone else that now you're feeling stuck and unhappy in your own life. Before you know it, you're fighting off anxiety, sadness, or relationship problems. Everyone looks to you for the answers, but you don't know how to fix anything anymore.
Drop your mask and stop living on autopilot! Let's face it: everyday feels like a struggle, even though you seem to have everything that is supposed to make your happy. it feels like you have no purpose in your life anymore. You're asked to play so many parts in everyday life. The problem is that you're exhausted, and your sense of self was lost along the way. You've been so dedicated to everyone else that now you're feeling stuck and unhappy in your own life. Before you know it, you're fighting off anxiety, sadness, or relationship problems. Everyone looks to you for the answers, but you don't know how to fix anything anymore.
(602) 456-4150 View (602) 456-4150
Photo of Ally Unger, LAC
Ally Unger
LAC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Are you going through a major life transition, dealing with heartbreak, or struggling with relationship issues? Do you find yourself battling self-doubt, perfectionism, or low self-esteem? I’m here to support you in navigating these challenges and help you rediscover your authentic self. I specialize in working with teenage girls and women who are facing significant life changes or emotional hardships. I also specialize in working with teens and adults who struggle with relationship difficulties such as codependency, fear of abandonment, and relationship anxiety.
Are you going through a major life transition, dealing with heartbreak, or struggling with relationship issues? Do you find yourself battling self-doubt, perfectionism, or low self-esteem? I’m here to support you in navigating these challenges and help you rediscover your authentic self. I specialize in working with teenage girls and women who are facing significant life changes or emotional hardships. I also specialize in working with teens and adults who struggle with relationship difficulties such as codependency, fear of abandonment, and relationship anxiety.
(480) 771-8651 View (480) 771-8651
Photo of Ariana Nicole De Andrado-Byars, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ariana Nicole De Andrado-Byars
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85259  (Online Only)
Hi there, thank you for taking the time to be curious about my work! I possess an innate desire to understand each individual and couple’s unique perspectives and circumstances. This allows me to create a safe non-judgemental space for clients in the therapy room so you can explore all aspects of your past and present experiences. As a counselor, I am here to be a collaborative, curious and interactive part of your self discovery by using your feedback along with my knowledge and skills to aid you in a deeper understanding of yourself and/or your relationship.
Hi there, thank you for taking the time to be curious about my work! I possess an innate desire to understand each individual and couple’s unique perspectives and circumstances. This allows me to create a safe non-judgemental space for clients in the therapy room so you can explore all aspects of your past and present experiences. As a counselor, I am here to be a collaborative, curious and interactive part of your self discovery by using your feedback along with my knowledge and skills to aid you in a deeper understanding of yourself and/or your relationship.
(520) 368-0985 View (520) 368-0985
Photo of Ben DeJesus, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ben DeJesus
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258  (Online Only)
We can all benefit from the support therapy offers from time to time. Some reasons people come to me are: struggling in their romantic relationship; past experiences continually impact their current life; reliving past failures; feeling disconnected, stressed, anxious, stuck, or unloved; experiencing a loss, and needing someplace safe to connect; feeling out of control in their life; having difficulty reaching goals; or want to feel more joy, connection, and love in their life.
We can all benefit from the support therapy offers from time to time. Some reasons people come to me are: struggling in their romantic relationship; past experiences continually impact their current life; reliving past failures; feeling disconnected, stressed, anxious, stuck, or unloved; experiencing a loss, and needing someplace safe to connect; feeling out of control in their life; having difficulty reaching goals; or want to feel more joy, connection, and love in their life.
(480) 448-1184 View (480) 448-1184
Photo of Maria Mangione, MS, PsyD, Psychologist
Maria Mangione
Psychologist, MS, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85254  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and I provide therapy to teens and adults. I specialize in treating anxiety and stress (general anxiety, specific phobias, panic attacks, social anxiety, performance anxiety, OCD, etc.) and also enjoy working with clients to resolve relationship issues, familial distress and self-esteem challenges. I also have considerable experience treating clinical concerns of depression and other mood disorders, behavioral concerns, academics issues, work related concerns, ADHD and executive dysfunction, grief and loss, and body image concerns.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist and I provide therapy to teens and adults. I specialize in treating anxiety and stress (general anxiety, specific phobias, panic attacks, social anxiety, performance anxiety, OCD, etc.) and also enjoy working with clients to resolve relationship issues, familial distress and self-esteem challenges. I also have considerable experience treating clinical concerns of depression and other mood disorders, behavioral concerns, academics issues, work related concerns, ADHD and executive dysfunction, grief and loss, and body image concerns.
(602) 860-6141 View (602) 860-6141
Photo of Eric Thiss, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Eric Thiss
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85253
I enjoy helping people gain perspective on their fears that cause anxiety, depression, and relationship issues so that they can learn to overcome their stressors and live their best life.
I enjoy helping people gain perspective on their fears that cause anxiety, depression, and relationship issues so that they can learn to overcome their stressors and live their best life.
(480) 908-9640 View (480) 908-9640
Photo of Dr. Rosalie R Hydock, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Rosalie R Hydock
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Do you need help dealing with life transitions? Are you trying to cope with relationship conflicts and getting nowhere? Have you been struggling with feelings of anxiety or depression created by the stresses in your life? Do you feel as though your usual coping strategies just aren't working for you anymore? Ready to deal with these in better ways? I can help. I have more than 25 years of experience dealing with human behavior, development, and performance issues, and work with adults, couples, and groups--helping them deal more effectively with life transitions, relationship issues, and other psychological concerns.
Do you need help dealing with life transitions? Are you trying to cope with relationship conflicts and getting nowhere? Have you been struggling with feelings of anxiety or depression created by the stresses in your life? Do you feel as though your usual coping strategies just aren't working for you anymore? Ready to deal with these in better ways? I can help. I have more than 25 years of experience dealing with human behavior, development, and performance issues, and work with adults, couples, and groups--helping them deal more effectively with life transitions, relationship issues, and other psychological concerns.
(480) 788-7931 View (480) 788-7931
Photo of Kayla Kuykendall, LAC, MS, MEd, Counselor
Kayla Kuykendall
Counselor, LAC, MS, MEd
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
I create a safe space for you, where our therapeutic relationship empowers you to embrace meaningful, personal growth.
I work with individuals, couples, and facilitate workshops on sexual health and sex related challenges. Are you dealing with sexual or emotional concerns, perhaps about sexual shame, trauma, relationship conflicts, or identity conflicts? I assist my clients utilizing a therapeutic style that is affirming, sex positive, and empathetic to people of all backgrounds. I help individuals discover their erotic blueprints, explore their fantasies, and incorporate their authentic erotic selves into their relationships. I can also help you by providing treatment of sexual dysfunctions, loss of desire, painful sex, and problems with arousal.
I create a safe space for you, where our therapeutic relationship empowers you to embrace meaningful, personal growth.
I work with individuals, couples, and facilitate workshops on sexual health and sex related challenges. Are you dealing with sexual or emotional concerns, perhaps about sexual shame, trauma, relationship conflicts, or identity conflicts? I assist my clients utilizing a therapeutic style that is affirming, sex positive, and empathetic to people of all backgrounds. I help individuals discover their erotic blueprints, explore their fantasies, and incorporate their authentic erotic selves into their relationships. I can also help you by providing treatment of sexual dysfunctions, loss of desire, painful sex, and problems with arousal.
(602) 786-7531 View (602) 786-7531
Photo of Vanesa Art, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vanesa Art
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85255
I love working with couples. If you have come looking for help with your relationship, you are in the right place. Everyone is looking for something just a little bit different when they come to couple’s counseling. It may feel like you are stuck with no place left to go. It may feel like your relationship is in pieces with no clear path how to put it back together. You may feel like you can’t survive one more fight like the one you guys just had, or it might feel like you can’t suffer in silence anymore. Whether it feels like you are constantly fighting, or it feels like you are “room mates”, I can help.
I love working with couples. If you have come looking for help with your relationship, you are in the right place. Everyone is looking for something just a little bit different when they come to couple’s counseling. It may feel like you are stuck with no place left to go. It may feel like your relationship is in pieces with no clear path how to put it back together. You may feel like you can’t survive one more fight like the one you guys just had, or it might feel like you can’t suffer in silence anymore. Whether it feels like you are constantly fighting, or it feels like you are “room mates”, I can help.
(480) 771-2990 View (480) 771-2990
Photo of Tommy Montanarella, MC, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tommy Montanarella
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
I recognize that the very first step of reaching out to a therapist may be a difficult one, so my goal is to ensure that you feel comfortable throughout the process and that we start at the basics of building a trusted professional relationship.
I am seasoned Licensed Counselor with experience in individual and group therapy, working with clients within the Birth-5, Child & Family, Adolescent, Adult, & Senior populations. I understand and value that each client I meet with has their own story, culture, traditions and background, so our work together will be tailored to fit your or your family's needs. I have spent many years working hard to make a difference within our community's mental health, so I thank you for taking the time to explore what I have to offer and I hope to hear from you so that we may make your personalized experience a special and successful one.
I recognize that the very first step of reaching out to a therapist may be a difficult one, so my goal is to ensure that you feel comfortable throughout the process and that we start at the basics of building a trusted professional relationship.
I am seasoned Licensed Counselor with experience in individual and group therapy, working with clients within the Birth-5, Child & Family, Adolescent, Adult, & Senior populations. I understand and value that each client I meet with has their own story, culture, traditions and background, so our work together will be tailored to fit your or your family's needs. I have spent many years working hard to make a difference within our community's mental health, so I thank you for taking the time to explore what I have to offer and I hope to hear from you so that we may make your personalized experience a special and successful one.
(480) 378-3045 View (480) 378-3045
Photo of Alicia de la Vega, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alicia de la Vega
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
I have been practicing for over 11 years, treating couples and individuals with an array of issues including depression, relationship problems, trauma, and life transitions.
It's normal to feel anxious when going through big life transitions. Or perhaps you are feeling down because your have unresolved issues from the past. In either case, a safe space to process your pain points can help you heal. I am committed to providing a nonjudgemental environment for my clients to foster growth. I work with both men and women, though I especially enjoy working with young women navigating transitions in adulthood. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples get "unstuck" and find connection and meaning in their lives. My ultimate goal is for you to gain confidence in your own decision-making.
I have been practicing for over 11 years, treating couples and individuals with an array of issues including depression, relationship problems, trauma, and life transitions.
It's normal to feel anxious when going through big life transitions. Or perhaps you are feeling down because your have unresolved issues from the past. In either case, a safe space to process your pain points can help you heal. I am committed to providing a nonjudgemental environment for my clients to foster growth. I work with both men and women, though I especially enjoy working with young women navigating transitions in adulthood. I am passionate about helping individuals and couples get "unstuck" and find connection and meaning in their lives. My ultimate goal is for you to gain confidence in your own decision-making.
(480) 270-4822 View (480) 270-4822
Photo of Tracy Clark, LCSW, CPC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tracy Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85255  (Online Only)
Together through somatic, emotional, cognitive and spiritual exploration and our therapeutic relationship we can move in the direction of greater depth, capacity, and aliveness.
I specialize in the integration of relational and developmental trauma. Many of my clients are therapists and other helping professionals. I have been studying and practicing various forms of healing and integration (spiritual, somatic, emotional, relational, and mental health and healing) since 2004 and have been practicing as a therapist since 2018. My primary modality is the NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM). I’m a NARM Post-Master Therapist and Master Training Assistant & Experiential Consult Provider. I feel honored to be witness, passenger, and guide on the journey to discovering deeper layers of the Self.
Together through somatic, emotional, cognitive and spiritual exploration and our therapeutic relationship we can move in the direction of greater depth, capacity, and aliveness.
I specialize in the integration of relational and developmental trauma. Many of my clients are therapists and other helping professionals. I have been studying and practicing various forms of healing and integration (spiritual, somatic, emotional, relational, and mental health and healing) since 2004 and have been practicing as a therapist since 2018. My primary modality is the NeuroAffective Relational Model (NARM). I’m a NARM Post-Master Therapist and Master Training Assistant & Experiential Consult Provider. I feel honored to be witness, passenger, and guide on the journey to discovering deeper layers of the Self.
(520) 210-5303 View (520) 210-5303
Photo of Dr. Karen Ruskin, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Karen Ruskin
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
As a Psychotherapist, LMFT, life/relationship/family/job coach, consultant, I'm compassionate & multidisciplinary using the best fit therapy style based on the unique needs of each client: CBT, IFS, solutions, mind-body connection, strategies/action steps, meditation, mindfulness, holistic, family systems, insight, narrative, direct, empowerment & more.
YOU deserve the best! Couple crisis (infidelity, intimacy, sexual, traditional, non-traditional, LS, conflict, communication, trust, deciding-stay or go, parenting, infertility)? As an expert in relational health, I offer a safe space to provide you with the solution-focused help you deserve. Marriage saving? Dating? Divorced? Be your best self? Men's or Women's issues? Young adult? Youth? Stress related body ailments? Anxiety? Trauma? Grief/Loss? Stuck? Hi, I'm Dr. Karen & I get it! I'm a nationally renowned leader in mental and relational wellness providing individual, couple & family counseling for ANY challenge & TV contributor.
As a Psychotherapist, LMFT, life/relationship/family/job coach, consultant, I'm compassionate & multidisciplinary using the best fit therapy style based on the unique needs of each client: CBT, IFS, solutions, mind-body connection, strategies/action steps, meditation, mindfulness, holistic, family systems, insight, narrative, direct, empowerment & more.
YOU deserve the best! Couple crisis (infidelity, intimacy, sexual, traditional, non-traditional, LS, conflict, communication, trust, deciding-stay or go, parenting, infertility)? As an expert in relational health, I offer a safe space to provide you with the solution-focused help you deserve. Marriage saving? Dating? Divorced? Be your best self? Men's or Women's issues? Young adult? Youth? Stress related body ailments? Anxiety? Trauma? Grief/Loss? Stuck? Hi, I'm Dr. Karen & I get it! I'm a nationally renowned leader in mental and relational wellness providing individual, couple & family counseling for ANY challenge & TV contributor.
(781) 241-7837 View (781) 241-7837
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Relationship Issues Therapists
While need for human connection appears to be innate, the ability to form healthy, loving relationships is learned. Some evidence suggests that the ability to form a stable relationship starts to form in infancy, in a child's earliest experiences with a caregiver who reliably meets the infant's needs for food, care, warmth, protection, stimulation, and social contact. Such relationships are not destiny, but they are theorized to establish deeply ingrained patterns of relating to others. The end of a relationship, however, is often a source of great psychological anguish.