Therapists in Coconino County, AZ

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Photo of Naomi Briones, LAC, Counselor
Naomi Briones
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86004  (Online Only)
I believe in the value and importance of the therapeutic relationship and aim to build strong rapport and trust with my clients. I take a person-centered approach with the goal being to provide a non-judgmental space for every person who sits across from me. I am passionate about helping people find healing through therapy, and for those who are interested, I offer faith integration in the work we do together.
I believe in the value and importance of the therapeutic relationship and aim to build strong rapport and trust with my clients. I take a person-centered approach with the goal being to provide a non-judgmental space for every person who sits across from me. I am passionate about helping people find healing through therapy, and for those who are interested, I offer faith integration in the work we do together.
(928) 223-4515 View (928) 223-4515
Photo of Kate Needle, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kate Needle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
I am passionate about holistic wellness and seek to integrate a trauma-informed approach that recognizes the dynamic interplay of the mind, body, and spirit. I am particularly interested in the exploration of childhood experiences, relationships and their influence on the development and functioning of the ego, subconscious mind, core beliefs, and subsequent behavior. I believe there is no “one fits all” method to treatment and consider a client-centered approach as the foundation that guides the therapeutic process.
I am passionate about holistic wellness and seek to integrate a trauma-informed approach that recognizes the dynamic interplay of the mind, body, and spirit. I am particularly interested in the exploration of childhood experiences, relationships and their influence on the development and functioning of the ego, subconscious mind, core beliefs, and subsequent behavior. I believe there is no “one fits all” method to treatment and consider a client-centered approach as the foundation that guides the therapeutic process.
(928) 504-2572 View (928) 504-2572
Photo of Aubrey Skaggs, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aubrey Skaggs
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Life can be overwhelming at times. Sometimes we feel stuck and totally alone in our experience (you are not alone!). No matter what has brought you to this moment, I believe in your resilience and your innate ability to overcome adversity. Your truth is honored and important, as you are the expert on your story. My intention is to create a safe and compassionate space, where you are able to release the beliefs that have limited you, and begin to feel empowered to live as your most authentic Self. I am passionate about supporting women and emerging adults through life transitions, anxiety, and depression.
Life can be overwhelming at times. Sometimes we feel stuck and totally alone in our experience (you are not alone!). No matter what has brought you to this moment, I believe in your resilience and your innate ability to overcome adversity. Your truth is honored and important, as you are the expert on your story. My intention is to create a safe and compassionate space, where you are able to release the beliefs that have limited you, and begin to feel empowered to live as your most authentic Self. I am passionate about supporting women and emerging adults through life transitions, anxiety, and depression.
(928) 260-5679 View (928) 260-5679
Photo of Robert A Potter, MA, LISAC, CSAT, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Robert A Potter
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LISAC, CSAT
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
I work at Redemption Counseling Center and my experience as a Substance Use therapist spans 15 years of working with individuals, groups, and families. I offer a multidisciplinary approach to substance use with a wide variety of therapeutic modalities. I do not believe in a “one size fits all” perspective. I provide a unique understanding from both a personal and a science-based perspective on drugs, alcohol, and sex addiction. My areas of expertise are in substance use and co-occurring disorders; mindfulness; and, equine-assisted therapy.
I work at Redemption Counseling Center and my experience as a Substance Use therapist spans 15 years of working with individuals, groups, and families. I offer a multidisciplinary approach to substance use with a wide variety of therapeutic modalities. I do not believe in a “one size fits all” perspective. I provide a unique understanding from both a personal and a science-based perspective on drugs, alcohol, and sex addiction. My areas of expertise are in substance use and co-occurring disorders; mindfulness; and, equine-assisted therapy.
(928) 325-1874 View (928) 325-1874
Photo of Dr. Stevie Mae Douglas, PsyD, Pre-Licensed Professional
Dr. Stevie Mae Douglas
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
In my office, military veterans and first responders will find a clinician with personal experience of the many challenges they have faced professionally and personally. Regardless of your background, if you are an adult looking for help with patterns and tendencies that negatively impact your work, your relationships, and/or your connection to self, I use an integrative approach to walk beside you. If you seek healing from trauma symptoms, if you need to process grief, if you seek personal change that comes from having a better understanding of yourself, take that first step. I will meet you there.
In my office, military veterans and first responders will find a clinician with personal experience of the many challenges they have faced professionally and personally. Regardless of your background, if you are an adult looking for help with patterns and tendencies that negatively impact your work, your relationships, and/or your connection to self, I use an integrative approach to walk beside you. If you seek healing from trauma symptoms, if you need to process grief, if you seek personal change that comes from having a better understanding of yourself, take that first step. I will meet you there.
(480) 485-0014 View (480) 485-0014
Photo of Trish Houghtaling, LCSW, SEP, EMDR, IFS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Trish Houghtaling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, SEP, EMDR, IFS
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As an experienced trauma therapist, I have appreciated the tenderness and importance around establishing a secure therapeutic relationship-one based upon mutual trust, consistent support and a secure base of reliable attachment. I believe that for many folks, there has been a wounding within a relationship that can begin to heal and repair when in deep connection with another who offers security, consistency, understanding and grounded emotional support. I would love to become that person for you! Together, we will create a plan unique and special for you to access feelings of peace, ease and well-being in everyday Life.
As an experienced trauma therapist, I have appreciated the tenderness and importance around establishing a secure therapeutic relationship-one based upon mutual trust, consistent support and a secure base of reliable attachment. I believe that for many folks, there has been a wounding within a relationship that can begin to heal and repair when in deep connection with another who offers security, consistency, understanding and grounded emotional support. I would love to become that person for you! Together, we will create a plan unique and special for you to access feelings of peace, ease and well-being in everyday Life.
(928) 615-8031 View (928) 615-8031
Photo of Karambir Khalsa - Khalsa Psychology PLLC, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Khalsa Psychology PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
If you are experiencing difficulties coping with life's uncertainties and the increasing stress of the modern world, I can help you to grow your personal toolkit of stress management skills.
If you are experiencing difficulties coping with life's uncertainties and the increasing stress of the modern world, I can help you to grow your personal toolkit of stress management skills.
(520) 619-7942 View (520) 619-7942
Photo of Pit Kolodinsky, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Pit Kolodinsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Accepting new In-person or Telehealth adult clients for individual or group counseling formats who are currently struggling with anxiety, panic, mild/moderate depressive symptoms, life/role transitions, internal and interpersonal conflict themes, purpose-meaning-identity themes, and/or problematic relationship patterns. Over 20 years of clinical experience in FL, Germany and AZ. Most recent group work has involved Men's Cancer Support Group, and, Men's Issues Groups. Am also in my 23rd year as a Professor of Counselor Education at NAU. Many years experience with young and middle-aged adults, especially men's issues.
Accepting new In-person or Telehealth adult clients for individual or group counseling formats who are currently struggling with anxiety, panic, mild/moderate depressive symptoms, life/role transitions, internal and interpersonal conflict themes, purpose-meaning-identity themes, and/or problematic relationship patterns. Over 20 years of clinical experience in FL, Germany and AZ. Most recent group work has involved Men's Cancer Support Group, and, Men's Issues Groups. Am also in my 23rd year as a Professor of Counselor Education at NAU. Many years experience with young and middle-aged adults, especially men's issues.
(928) 599-7849 View (928) 599-7849
Photo of Mollie Anne Bartholomew, LAC, Counselor
Mollie Anne Bartholomew
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I love working with pre-teen/teens/young adults ages 12-25. I offer creative solutions for connection-including walk and talk sessions, music integration, and art therapy. I have found sometimes getting out of the office space produces new insight and new perspective, so outdoor therapy options are also available. I have a warm inviting office space to meet, offering collaborative approaches to work on therapeutic goals. I have been told I am authentic, open, and help clients feel right at home. I feel especially passionate about helping adolescent girls manage anxiety and feel more confident in their strengths and value.
I love working with pre-teen/teens/young adults ages 12-25. I offer creative solutions for connection-including walk and talk sessions, music integration, and art therapy. I have found sometimes getting out of the office space produces new insight and new perspective, so outdoor therapy options are also available. I have a warm inviting office space to meet, offering collaborative approaches to work on therapeutic goals. I have been told I am authentic, open, and help clients feel right at home. I feel especially passionate about helping adolescent girls manage anxiety and feel more confident in their strengths and value.
(928) 565-6927 View (928) 565-6927
Photo of David Smart - Abundant Hope Integrated Solutions, LAC, MBA, Counselor
David Smart - Abundant Hope Integrated Solutions
Counselor, LAC, MBA
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Licensed Associate Counselor. I provide clients a safe, warm, open, and nonjudgmental space to tell their story. I listen intently and ask questions so that we can both understand what's going on. Whether the issue is anxiety, depression, loss, phase of life transition, trauma, or challenging relationships, we will navigate it together. My sincere hope is that clients will be empowered to get what they need - such as finding contentment, healing, strength, understanding, or positive growth.
Hello! I am a Licensed Associate Counselor. I provide clients a safe, warm, open, and nonjudgmental space to tell their story. I listen intently and ask questions so that we can both understand what's going on. Whether the issue is anxiety, depression, loss, phase of life transition, trauma, or challenging relationships, we will navigate it together. My sincere hope is that clients will be empowered to get what they need - such as finding contentment, healing, strength, understanding, or positive growth.
(928) 832-4901 View (928) 832-4901
Photo of Sharleen Zeman-Sperle; Abundant Hope Integrated Solutions, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sharleen Zeman-Sperle; Abundant Hope Integrated Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
I aim to get to know you and your strengths, needs, and desires. I offer a safe, supportive space for you to heal, grow, and change. I believe that you are the expert in your own life. My ultimate goal is to help you help yourself. I want to guide and support you as you navigate life's journey and the challenges along the way.
I aim to get to know you and your strengths, needs, and desires. I offer a safe, supportive space for you to heal, grow, and change. I believe that you are the expert in your own life. My ultimate goal is to help you help yourself. I want to guide and support you as you navigate life's journey and the challenges along the way.
(928) 263-6936 View (928) 263-6936
Photo of Lana Lee, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lana Lee
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86005  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My role as a therapist is to create a safe space where clients can unpack life’s troubles in their journey of finding freedom, healing, and wholeness. I take a strength-based and culturally sensitive approach with the goal of empowerment in personal growth and overcoming adversity.
My role as a therapist is to create a safe space where clients can unpack life’s troubles in their journey of finding freedom, healing, and wholeness. I take a strength-based and culturally sensitive approach with the goal of empowerment in personal growth and overcoming adversity.
(928) 256-5202 View (928) 256-5202
Photo of Alicia Schoephoerster, DBH, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Alicia Schoephoerster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DBH, LMSW
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
I partner with you as the expert in your experience. We will work together to address anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, work or relationship/family stressors, substance or alcohol use, and chronic pain. I work with individuals and have a passion for older adults and their family members.
I partner with you as the expert in your experience. We will work together to address anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, work or relationship/family stressors, substance or alcohol use, and chronic pain. I work with individuals and have a passion for older adults and their family members.
(928) 370-7963 View (928) 370-7963
Photo of Aimee Dassele Cultivate Counseling, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aimee Dassele Cultivate Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Knowing your story and offering support, as well as reflection and encouragement are the reasons why I enjoy the counseling process! These attributes are also a large part of what makes therapy successful. I have experience working with individuals who suffer from anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive tendencies, religious/spiritual conflicts and life transitions. I completed a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from Bethany University in California, a Master of Science Degree in Professional Counseling from Grand Canyon University in Arizona and have worked in the Behavioral Health Field for the past 24 years.
Knowing your story and offering support, as well as reflection and encouragement are the reasons why I enjoy the counseling process! These attributes are also a large part of what makes therapy successful. I have experience working with individuals who suffer from anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive tendencies, religious/spiritual conflicts and life transitions. I completed a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology from Bethany University in California, a Master of Science Degree in Professional Counseling from Grand Canyon University in Arizona and have worked in the Behavioral Health Field for the past 24 years.
(928) 379-6177 View (928) 379-6177
Photo of Diane Collett Greenblatt, MA, LISAC , LCADC , Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Diane Collett Greenblatt
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, LISAC , LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Counseling requires your willingness to leave the familiar and commit to making changes no matter how challenging they may be. On your path of healing and transformation I will be with you each step of the way. YOU will not be alone. My passion is working with clients to find their inner voice, their path to healing. Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in an unhealthy cycle wondering if you could feel different? As my client, I will guide you to learn how to connect with yourself and others on a more meaningful level. You will find calmness, clarity, and your own personal truth as a result of our sessions.
Counseling requires your willingness to leave the familiar and commit to making changes no matter how challenging they may be. On your path of healing and transformation I will be with you each step of the way. YOU will not be alone. My passion is working with clients to find their inner voice, their path to healing. Are you feeling overwhelmed, stuck in an unhealthy cycle wondering if you could feel different? As my client, I will guide you to learn how to connect with yourself and others on a more meaningful level. You will find calmness, clarity, and your own personal truth as a result of our sessions.
(928) 985-5393 View (928) 985-5393
Photo of Mindy Robbins, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mindy Robbins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Hello! I am a queer and non-binary therapist who offers an affirming space for those who are 2SLGBTQIA+, neurodivergent, kinky, polyam, gender questioning, transgender, and non-binary/ gender diverse. I believe everyone should have the opportunity to feel seen and understood from their own unique perspective and that healing occurs as you align with your most authentic self. I am able to provide letters for those seeking Gender Affirming medical care.
Hello! I am a queer and non-binary therapist who offers an affirming space for those who are 2SLGBTQIA+, neurodivergent, kinky, polyam, gender questioning, transgender, and non-binary/ gender diverse. I believe everyone should have the opportunity to feel seen and understood from their own unique perspective and that healing occurs as you align with your most authentic self. I am able to provide letters for those seeking Gender Affirming medical care.
(623) 888-8732 View (623) 888-8732
Photo of Jen Roth, LPC, SEP, LMT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jen Roth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, SEP, LMT
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Is chronic stress negatively affecting your life with physical symptoms such as insomnia and digestive issues? Do you find it difficult to relax or let down, especially when someone else is present? Has traditional talk therapy felt limited and you’re looking for a way to integrate the body into your therapy? Somatic experiencing is helpful for healing from chronic stress and past traumas, recent or from childhood, and uses a bottom up processing approach, meaning it works with the physiology to resolve trauma and release the survival energy held in the body.
Is chronic stress negatively affecting your life with physical symptoms such as insomnia and digestive issues? Do you find it difficult to relax or let down, especially when someone else is present? Has traditional talk therapy felt limited and you’re looking for a way to integrate the body into your therapy? Somatic experiencing is helpful for healing from chronic stress and past traumas, recent or from childhood, and uses a bottom up processing approach, meaning it works with the physiology to resolve trauma and release the survival energy held in the body.
(520) 442-6638 View (520) 442-6638
Photo of Bethany Camp, LCSW, LCSW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Bethany Camp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Waitlist for new clients
I offer psychotherapy for individual adults. Psychotherapy with me is a confidential, nonjudgmental, collaborative, and compassionate process. This means that we work together to find the root cause of your issues rather than focus on quick fixes and bandaids. Your reality, core beliefs, narratives, and relationships are shaped by your conscious and unconscious mind & your attachment style. Together, we work through your past to rebuild a new way of viewing and being in the world that serves who you are today. When working with me, you can expect an approach that is highly personalized to your personal growth and values.
I offer psychotherapy for individual adults. Psychotherapy with me is a confidential, nonjudgmental, collaborative, and compassionate process. This means that we work together to find the root cause of your issues rather than focus on quick fixes and bandaids. Your reality, core beliefs, narratives, and relationships are shaped by your conscious and unconscious mind & your attachment style. Together, we work through your past to rebuild a new way of viewing and being in the world that serves who you are today. When working with me, you can expect an approach that is highly personalized to your personal growth and values.
(928) 267-0873 View (928) 267-0873
Photo of Veronica J Lieb-Crawford - People Achieving Results Together, MA, SrDA, ExTC
People Achieving Results Together
MA, SrDA, ExTC
Verified Verified
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
Not accepting new clients
This practice is designed to work with my clients not on them. We are engaged in enhancing abilities and strengths through the art of Theracoaching, an integrative approach where both the client and the practitioner are focused on their goals. You as the client work with the Theracoach to identify these goals and join them either in or out of the office to locate methods in achieving these opportunities. Whether that is school, work, relationships, frustrations with getting started, or negative habits formed. The primary focus in this practice is helping those with ASD, LD, ADHD, and co-morbid conditions.
This practice is designed to work with my clients not on them. We are engaged in enhancing abilities and strengths through the art of Theracoaching, an integrative approach where both the client and the practitioner are focused on their goals. You as the client work with the Theracoach to identify these goals and join them either in or out of the office to locate methods in achieving these opportunities. Whether that is school, work, relationships, frustrations with getting started, or negative habits formed. The primary focus in this practice is helping those with ASD, LD, ADHD, and co-morbid conditions.
(928) 285-1735 View (928) 285-1735
Photo of Linny Kresch Jones, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Linny Kresch Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Flagstaff, AZ 86004
Does any of this sound like you? You're feeling overwhelmed, life feels hard, and no matter what you do, you don't feel good enough. Maybe you are stuck, and you are wondering, "Who am I?" and what do I do next? Perhaps you are struggling with anxiety about life and relationship issues at work and school, and you are sick of trying the same thing over and over, hoping you feel better. You want to get unstuck, do the work, make positive choices, and move forward.
Does any of this sound like you? You're feeling overwhelmed, life feels hard, and no matter what you do, you don't feel good enough. Maybe you are stuck, and you are wondering, "Who am I?" and what do I do next? Perhaps you are struggling with anxiety about life and relationship issues at work and school, and you are sick of trying the same thing over and over, hoping you feel better. You want to get unstuck, do the work, make positive choices, and move forward.
(520) 201-0653 View (520) 201-0653
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See more therapy options for Coconino County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Coconino County, AZ

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Coconino County, AZ who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
85% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
68% Stress
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

72% BlueCross and BlueShield
69% Aetna
65% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Coconino County, AZ see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Coconino County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.