Therapists in Hempstead County, AR
![Photo of Chris Espinoza, MS, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c71fbdc9-b2d2-42de-93dc-4f70900aa0e3/2/320x400.jpeg)
Chris Espinoza
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hope, AR 71801
Welcome to Psychology Today! My name is Chris Espinoza, and I am a licensed mental health counselor and therapist specializing in anxiety and depression. Living with anxiety and depression can be overwhelming, isolating, and exhausting. It can affect every aspect of your life, including your work, relationships, and overall sense of well-being. As a therapist, my goal is to help you develop the tools and skills you need to manage your symptoms, overcome challenges, and build a fulfilling life. I have extensive experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression.
Welcome to Psychology Today! My name is Chris Espinoza, and I am a licensed mental health counselor and therapist specializing in anxiety and depression. Living with anxiety and depression can be overwhelming, isolating, and exhausting. It can affect every aspect of your life, including your work, relationships, and overall sense of well-being. As a therapist, my goal is to help you develop the tools and skills you need to manage your symptoms, overcome challenges, and build a fulfilling life. I have extensive experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety and depression.
![Photo of Nicole Bingham, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/464d70a0-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
My mission is to help you on your way to mental health wellness, by providing you with a safe, nonjudgmental and comfortable atmosphere. I want to empower you to become the boss of you and your emotions. I'll teach you coping skills to decrease your depression and reframe negative and irrational thoughts. I have years of experience working with persons of all ages, but mostly with children, adolescents and families. I'm committed to providing you with compassion, hope and healing as well as empathy, positive regard and encouragement throughout your journey to being more mentally healthy.
My mission is to help you on your way to mental health wellness, by providing you with a safe, nonjudgmental and comfortable atmosphere. I want to empower you to become the boss of you and your emotions. I'll teach you coping skills to decrease your depression and reframe negative and irrational thoughts. I have years of experience working with persons of all ages, but mostly with children, adolescents and families. I'm committed to providing you with compassion, hope and healing as well as empathy, positive regard and encouragement throughout your journey to being more mentally healthy.
![Photo of Madilynn Nolen, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e446d99f-4542-4e27-b841-711c6a87c0f1/1/320x400.jpeg)
Do you ever feel overwhelmed at what life has had to offer? Have you ever been hurt, and don’t know where to start to lessen the impact it has caused? I want you to know that you can have a happier life that is less stressful and more fulfilling. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas, and I have over 15 years of experience counseling children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I would like to help you in achieving the self-awareness you need to promote personal growth and emotional stability.
Do you ever feel overwhelmed at what life has had to offer? Have you ever been hurt, and don’t know where to start to lessen the impact it has caused? I want you to know that you can have a happier life that is less stressful and more fulfilling. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas, and I have over 15 years of experience counseling children, adolescents, adults, and couples. I would like to help you in achieving the self-awareness you need to promote personal growth and emotional stability.
![Photo of Shane Roach, LAC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/934f9bdc-f340-4de9-ad5a-1697d6fae4b7/1/320x400.png)
Do you find yourself struggling and you don't know why? Have you had rough experiences with family, relationships, and/or jobs in the past? Are you struggling with trauma and/or PTSD? Are you a veteran and you're afraid of being judged? If you answered "yes" to any of these (or your own) questions, then professional counseling may be for you.
Do you find yourself struggling and you don't know why? Have you had rough experiences with family, relationships, and/or jobs in the past? Are you struggling with trauma and/or PTSD? Are you a veteran and you're afraid of being judged? If you answered "yes" to any of these (or your own) questions, then professional counseling may be for you.
![Photo of Joel Blake Butler, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a99bc6d1-1b08-4b8f-8813-41fa73cb1cb1/1/320x400.jpeg)
"Happiness can be found even in the darkest of times if one only remembers to turn on the light." — Albus Dumbledore. I consider clients to be experts in their own lives, clients know what suggestions sound appealing to them to help deal with problems in life. We may not always be able to change the outcome of our situations in life, though we certainly can help how we respond to problems that arise. I want to showcase to clients that change is possible, regardless of the circumstances that they may be facing, growth is possible to help us heal from our worries.
"Happiness can be found even in the darkest of times if one only remembers to turn on the light." — Albus Dumbledore. I consider clients to be experts in their own lives, clients know what suggestions sound appealing to them to help deal with problems in life. We may not always be able to change the outcome of our situations in life, though we certainly can help how we respond to problems that arise. I want to showcase to clients that change is possible, regardless of the circumstances that they may be facing, growth is possible to help us heal from our worries.
Online Therapists
![Photo of Cherry McKinstry, LMFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f2b0a494-4dc4-4e99-91dd-aa1ccb709b53/4/320x400.jpeg)
Cherry McKinstry
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFTA
Verified Verified
Little Rock, AR 72211 (Online Only)
Accepting new clients; limited Saturday appointments available. Serving clients statewide in Washington state and Arkansas. I specialize in working with couples and adult individuals. I am passionate about helping you explore and strengthen your romantic relationships, your relationship with yourself, and connections with others around you. In my role as your therapist, I walk with you through the complexities of your life so you may curate more choices and awareness to foster the type of relationship that brings you peace and satisfaction.
Accepting new clients; limited Saturday appointments available. Serving clients statewide in Washington state and Arkansas. I specialize in working with couples and adult individuals. I am passionate about helping you explore and strengthen your romantic relationships, your relationship with yourself, and connections with others around you. In my role as your therapist, I walk with you through the complexities of your life so you may curate more choices and awareness to foster the type of relationship that brings you peace and satisfaction.
![Photo of Cathrine Jones, LPC, CTMH, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ed097501-6221-4904-84e1-0143c7169372/2/320x400.jpeg)
Cathrine Jones
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CTMH
Verified Verified
Texarkana, AR 71854 (Online Only)
Change is the only constant in life. Our lives are constantly changing; we ourselves are evolving. With those changes come challenges, often mental and emotional. We learn and we grow through all of these changes. However, we often feel overwhelmed, hopeless, or just generally unable to cope with things. It's easy to let the changes in life weigh us down and take control, but I want to help you grow from your struggles and all of life's changes. As John Maxwell said, “Change is inevitable. Growth is optional," so let's grow together.
Change is the only constant in life. Our lives are constantly changing; we ourselves are evolving. With those changes come challenges, often mental and emotional. We learn and we grow through all of these changes. However, we often feel overwhelmed, hopeless, or just generally unable to cope with things. It's easy to let the changes in life weigh us down and take control, but I want to help you grow from your struggles and all of life's changes. As John Maxwell said, “Change is inevitable. Growth is optional," so let's grow together.
![Photo of Melinda Wright, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/0509507b-769a-40e5-9160-a822132bc6cd/2/320x400.jpeg)
Melinda Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pearcy, AR 71964
Best wishes on your path to seeking a stronger sense of your mental health. My hope is to offer a safe haven for you to address your concerns. I will provide evidenced based practices to each client during these brave moments. I have experience in addressing codependency, depression, anxiety, PTSD, adjustments, generational trauma, relationship issues, and grief.
Best wishes on your path to seeking a stronger sense of your mental health. My hope is to offer a safe haven for you to address your concerns. I will provide evidenced based practices to each client during these brave moments. I have experience in addressing codependency, depression, anxiety, PTSD, adjustments, generational trauma, relationship issues, and grief.
![Photo of Willica Morgan, LPC-S, CSTIP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6425062a-ba13-478d-8acb-3f6573b1c55b/2/320x400.jpeg)
Willica Morgan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, CSTIP
Verified Verified
Arkadelphia, AR 71923 (Online Only)
Life feels overwhelming. Finding a balance between family and work while maintaining your mental health seems impossible. There are times when you want to take a break, but your obligations and responsibilities demand that you keep going. You feel like you are drowning, but you’re afraid to reach out for help. You know the frenzy of anxiety and the weight of helplessness that threatens to pull you under as you fight to keep your head above the water. I understand, and I am ready to join you. You and I can courageously navigate these waters so you can reclaim your joy. Lets work together, to turn your brokenness into peace.
Life feels overwhelming. Finding a balance between family and work while maintaining your mental health seems impossible. There are times when you want to take a break, but your obligations and responsibilities demand that you keep going. You feel like you are drowning, but you’re afraid to reach out for help. You know the frenzy of anxiety and the weight of helplessness that threatens to pull you under as you fight to keep your head above the water. I understand, and I am ready to join you. You and I can courageously navigate these waters so you can reclaim your joy. Lets work together, to turn your brokenness into peace.
![Photo of Rasheeda N. Lumsey - Hope of Heartland, Inc, MA, LMHC, LPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/46d192bf-68e6-4d18-b7f3-8ce6ddea0a52/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hope of Heartland, Inc
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Little Rock, AR 72209 (Online Only)
If you are struggling with depression, trauma, anxiety, or substance abuse you have come to the right place. Working through these issues on your own can feel daunting and overwhelming. It's ok, I can help you create a roadmap for your healing. I know you are probably tired of trying to do the hard work on your own. That is why therapy is essential and for many, it's a fast track to healing and restoration. As a seasoned professional with over 20 years of helping people heal, I am committed to your process.
If you are struggling with depression, trauma, anxiety, or substance abuse you have come to the right place. Working through these issues on your own can feel daunting and overwhelming. It's ok, I can help you create a roadmap for your healing. I know you are probably tired of trying to do the hard work on your own. That is why therapy is essential and for many, it's a fast track to healing and restoration. As a seasoned professional with over 20 years of helping people heal, I am committed to your process.
![Photo of Johnny Jay Davis, LPC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/88630d57-3297-4a1f-aea2-922bc425e1f1/2/320x400.jpeg)
I enjoy working with individuals and families resolving issues and struggles that life brings to our homes and loved ones. I introduce a Christian perspective attempting to show how love and positive goal setting work to empower and enrich individual lives and strengthen the worth of every person.
I enjoy working with individuals and families resolving issues and struggles that life brings to our homes and loved ones. I introduce a Christian perspective attempting to show how love and positive goal setting work to empower and enrich individual lives and strengthen the worth of every person.
![Photo of Amanda E. Norcross, MA, LPC, SEP, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9037bb8e-49c2-486a-9ff7-119814a96e1d/1/320x400.jpeg)
Amanda E. Norcross
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Little Rock, AR 72211 (Online Only)
As someone who values exploring her own depths, I know what it's like to sit in "the other chair," as therapists call it. I know it takes courage and trust to be vulnerable, to show your inner world to another. And I know it's easier when the therapist honors your pace while gently encouraging you to explore the edges of your growth. Helping you find the right balance at those edges is what I do: whether you're seeking something new, you're stuck, or you're overwhelmed. All are opportunities for us to listen more deeply to what you are needing.
As someone who values exploring her own depths, I know what it's like to sit in "the other chair," as therapists call it. I know it takes courage and trust to be vulnerable, to show your inner world to another. And I know it's easier when the therapist honors your pace while gently encouraging you to explore the edges of your growth. Helping you find the right balance at those edges is what I do: whether you're seeking something new, you're stuck, or you're overwhelmed. All are opportunities for us to listen more deeply to what you are needing.
![Photo of Angela K Etchison, MS, LPE-I](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/40d703ce-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Angela K Etchison
Licensed Psychological Examiner, MS, LPE-I
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Little Rock, AR 72211
Hello! I'm Angela and I'm here to help you improve your mental health, decrease your stress, and live your life with more joy and purpose! While stress is a natural part of life, too much stress can be harmful to your overall health and well-being. I specialize in treating the anxiety and depression that often results from stressful life experiences, such as divorce, grief, trauma, and more. I also have extensive training and experience with autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, and other developmental disabilities.
Hello! I'm Angela and I'm here to help you improve your mental health, decrease your stress, and live your life with more joy and purpose! While stress is a natural part of life, too much stress can be harmful to your overall health and well-being. I specialize in treating the anxiety and depression that often results from stressful life experiences, such as divorce, grief, trauma, and more. I also have extensive training and experience with autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, and other developmental disabilities.
![Photo of Elizabeth Lain, MEd, LAC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/518dc592-c21e-4292-9869-b301801225ce/1/320x400.jpeg)
My hope is to help others live their lives experiencing joy, peace, and freedom. There are times when life gets difficult, hurt occurs, or struggles come along side you; and in those times it can be difficult to recognize your own strength, what you are capable of, and blessings around you. I work with my clients to help them find hope, healing, and restoration. I counsel clients of all ages who are having issues with depression, anxiety, anger, adjustment, grief, trauma, crisis of faith, and relational problems.
My hope is to help others live their lives experiencing joy, peace, and freedom. There are times when life gets difficult, hurt occurs, or struggles come along side you; and in those times it can be difficult to recognize your own strength, what you are capable of, and blessings around you. I work with my clients to help them find hope, healing, and restoration. I counsel clients of all ages who are having issues with depression, anxiety, anger, adjustment, grief, trauma, crisis of faith, and relational problems.
![Photo of Susan Millerd, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d5337f02-5e2c-4ed8-b8c4-033e514d08d1/1/320x400.jpeg)
Life is a journey and does not come with a manual. I enjoy working with people of any age, sex, race, cultural, religious, gender identity, and socioeconomic background who are committed to improving their lives and are willing to engage in the process of change. Someone who shows up and does the work. I have much experience in helping people make lifestyle changes that involve not just leaving the problem behaviors and feelings behind, but also understanding triggers, being aware of their presence, changing their thinking, and eventually their choices.
Life is a journey and does not come with a manual. I enjoy working with people of any age, sex, race, cultural, religious, gender identity, and socioeconomic background who are committed to improving their lives and are willing to engage in the process of change. Someone who shows up and does the work. I have much experience in helping people make lifestyle changes that involve not just leaving the problem behaviors and feelings behind, but also understanding triggers, being aware of their presence, changing their thinking, and eventually their choices.
![Photo of Jocelyn V Jamison, LPC, MBA, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/48c60771-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Life is a journey. Sometimes we must take the road less traveled to get to our destination. The road less traveled for many has been acknowledging they need help and taking the steps to seek help. I meet each client wherever they are on that road to life's journey. I believe each of us has the innate ability to reach our full potential. I view counseling as a collaborative relationship where we work as a team to explore the current problematic issues and develop goals for an improved life toward realizing those goals. / may focus on patterns of thoughts, behaviors, moods, and relationships that are important to you - the client.
Life is a journey. Sometimes we must take the road less traveled to get to our destination. The road less traveled for many has been acknowledging they need help and taking the steps to seek help. I meet each client wherever they are on that road to life's journey. I believe each of us has the innate ability to reach our full potential. I view counseling as a collaborative relationship where we work as a team to explore the current problematic issues and develop goals for an improved life toward realizing those goals. / may focus on patterns of thoughts, behaviors, moods, and relationships that are important to you - the client.
![Photo of Audrey Crow, LAC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6a51ebf3-0f37-44a6-b7e1-c910215cc6e9/1/320x400.png)
Hello! A little about me, I am a trained Brainspotting and EMDR therapist, seeking to help individuals work through past traumatic or problematic events that are causing current distress. I am also passionate about working with women or couples struggling with sexual-related issues regarding intimacy, trauma, sexual functioning, discomfort, purity culture, or shame surrounding this topic. I'm a trained facilitator for couples seeking premarital counseling and am passionate about providing a safe and accepting place for individuals to seek guidance when navigating personal issues.
Hello! A little about me, I am a trained Brainspotting and EMDR therapist, seeking to help individuals work through past traumatic or problematic events that are causing current distress. I am also passionate about working with women or couples struggling with sexual-related issues regarding intimacy, trauma, sexual functioning, discomfort, purity culture, or shame surrounding this topic. I'm a trained facilitator for couples seeking premarital counseling and am passionate about providing a safe and accepting place for individuals to seek guidance when navigating personal issues.
![Photo of Wesley H Goodson, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8b072173-1250-422a-9dae-e366c9d922be/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am licensed in OK and AR and offer virtual and in-person appointments. I believe taking on life's day-to-day stressors can sometimes feel overwhelming and uncontrollable. Which leads us to feel anxious, sad, and frustrated which further impacts our ability to balance each facet of our lives. It is during these strenuous times that counseling may benefit you in creating clarity and encouragement through the chaos. As a counselor, it is my privilege to provide a safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment to process these concerns.
I am licensed in OK and AR and offer virtual and in-person appointments. I believe taking on life's day-to-day stressors can sometimes feel overwhelming and uncontrollable. Which leads us to feel anxious, sad, and frustrated which further impacts our ability to balance each facet of our lives. It is during these strenuous times that counseling may benefit you in creating clarity and encouragement through the chaos. As a counselor, it is my privilege to provide a safe, non-judgmental, and supportive environment to process these concerns.
![Photo of Tara Davis, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f290a889-a123-48ca-bcb3-ffccdd11f7e6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Tara Davis is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Tech-Assisted Counseling Certified (TACC) provider who works with adults and seniors seeking to better cope with anger management, stress management, low self-esteem, abuse, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychosis, and more. She strives to help others to find happiness and direction by using empathy and acceptance to assist the client in learning how to utilize the tools that they need to heal and find peace again.
Tara Davis is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) and Tech-Assisted Counseling Certified (TACC) provider who works with adults and seniors seeking to better cope with anger management, stress management, low self-esteem, abuse, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychosis, and more. She strives to help others to find happiness and direction by using empathy and acceptance to assist the client in learning how to utilize the tools that they need to heal and find peace again.
Unity/Pine Bluff Counseling Group
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pine Bluff, AR 71603
There are some things that one has to be able to talk about to get clarity, understanding, and guidance.
There are some things that one has to be able to talk about to get clarity, understanding, and guidance.
See more therapy options for Hempstead County
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Hempstead County, AR
< 10
Therapists in Hempstead County, AR who prioritize treating:
80% | Depression |
80% | Anxiety |
80% | Coping Skills |
60% | Relationship Issues |
60% | ADHD |
60% | Grief |
60% | Trauma and PTSD |
Average years in practice
12 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
80% | Medicaid |
60% | Cigna and Evernorth |
60% | Other |
How Therapists in Hempstead County, AR see their clients
100% | In Person and Online |
Gender breakdown
66% | Male | |
34% | Female |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Hempstead County?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.