Therapists in Clay County, AR

View cities in Clay County
Photo of Monica Lynn Shelton, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Monica Lynn Shelton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Corning, AR 72422  (Online Only)
Do you find yourself incessantly worrying? Do you have trouble managing your time or staying organized? Do you want more out of your relationships? Are you ready to make some changes, but don't know where to start? I am glad you are here and ready to prioritize yourself! I will give you strategies to help you manage your worries and combat all the negative thoughts that can come with constant worrying. I will share strategies with you that will help you feel successful and empowered when you are able to stay organized and manage your time appropriately. I will help you develop and manage healthier and more satisfying relationships.
Do you find yourself incessantly worrying? Do you have trouble managing your time or staying organized? Do you want more out of your relationships? Are you ready to make some changes, but don't know where to start? I am glad you are here and ready to prioritize yourself! I will give you strategies to help you manage your worries and combat all the negative thoughts that can come with constant worrying. I will share strategies with you that will help you feel successful and empowered when you are able to stay organized and manage your time appropriately. I will help you develop and manage healthier and more satisfying relationships.
(636) 575-7505 View (636) 575-7505
Photo of Jeremey L Beasley, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jeremey L Beasley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Piggott, AR 72454
I use Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Existential approaches to help others find the meaning and purpose within their lives. I aim to help you be the best version of you that you can be. No issues are too small or too big, and I would be honored to help you navigate life's difficulties in whatever way works best for you.
I use Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Existential approaches to help others find the meaning and purpose within their lives. I aim to help you be the best version of you that you can be. No issues are too small or too big, and I would be honored to help you navigate life's difficulties in whatever way works best for you.
(870) 709-2519 View (870) 709-2519
Photo of Karrah Seitz, EdS , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Karrah Seitz
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS , LPC
Verified Verified
Rector, AR 72461
Hello - I’m so glad you stumbled upon my profile! My name is Karrah Seitz and I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor serving Northeast and North Central Arkansas. I have approximately ten years of experience in counseling in outpatient, school-based, private practice, and supervisory settings. I am TF-CBT certified, ACT certified, EMDR trained, and have a Technology-Assisted Specialization for clients not within driving distance to the office. Utilizing these methods to maximize treatment effectiveness, I specialize in treating teens and young adults with anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, and body image and self-esteem concerns.
Hello - I’m so glad you stumbled upon my profile! My name is Karrah Seitz and I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor serving Northeast and North Central Arkansas. I have approximately ten years of experience in counseling in outpatient, school-based, private practice, and supervisory settings. I am TF-CBT certified, ACT certified, EMDR trained, and have a Technology-Assisted Specialization for clients not within driving distance to the office. Utilizing these methods to maximize treatment effectiveness, I specialize in treating teens and young adults with anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, and body image and self-esteem concerns.
(870) 522-7753 View (870) 522-7753

Online Therapists

Photo of Jessica Richardson, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jessica Richardson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paragould, AR 72450  (Online Only)
Everyone deserves a safe and affirming space to explore emotions and work toward personal goals. Feeling ostracized and isolated can lead to feelings of anxiety, sadness, and get in the way of achieving one's full potential.
Everyone deserves a safe and affirming space to explore emotions and work toward personal goals. Feeling ostracized and isolated can lead to feelings of anxiety, sadness, and get in the way of achieving one's full potential.
(844) 215-8079 View (844) 215-8079
Photo of Keena M Reddin-Kennedy - Center for Eating Disorders & Behavioral Wellness, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Center for Eating Disorders & Behavioral Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Jonesboro, AR 72401
I'm Keena Reddin, a licensed certified Social Worker, and the founder of CEDBW. My goal is to provide each patient with knowledge, appropriate treatment that is individualized, and most importantly support for experiencing a better quality of life. I have been in practice for several years, and have a true passion for the care I get to provide individuals each and every day. I specialize in the outpatient treatment of Eating Disorders by providing necessary medical/medication support, meal planning, and placement of a higher level of care when appropriate. I also provide treatment for individuals/couples/families struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship conflict and challenging life experiences which require understanding, support, and specific skills learned in treatment. My therapeutic approach is person centered by working together as a team to set and achieve goals.
I'm Keena Reddin, a licensed certified Social Worker, and the founder of CEDBW. My goal is to provide each patient with knowledge, appropriate treatment that is individualized, and most importantly support for experiencing a better quality of life. I have been in practice for several years, and have a true passion for the care I get to provide individuals each and every day. I specialize in the outpatient treatment of Eating Disorders by providing necessary medical/medication support, meal planning, and placement of a higher level of care when appropriate. I also provide treatment for individuals/couples/families struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship conflict and challenging life experiences which require understanding, support, and specific skills learned in treatment. My therapeutic approach is person centered by working together as a team to set and achieve goals.
(855) 838-3974 View (855) 838-3974
Photo of Angela (Angel) St Pierre, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela (Angel) St Pierre
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
Life changes in expected and unexpected ways that can leave people feeling stressed, lost, confused or anxious and depressed. It is my goal to create a safe and nurturing atmosphere, where my clients can feel free to express themselves genuinely. I want to be a catalyst in the therapeutic process by offering the unconditional positive regard and empathy to help you grow emotionally. I believe therapy is a collaboration between the client and therapist. I may possess the clinical training but you are the expert on your life so we have to work together to find what will work best for you.
Life changes in expected and unexpected ways that can leave people feeling stressed, lost, confused or anxious and depressed. It is my goal to create a safe and nurturing atmosphere, where my clients can feel free to express themselves genuinely. I want to be a catalyst in the therapeutic process by offering the unconditional positive regard and empathy to help you grow emotionally. I believe therapy is a collaboration between the client and therapist. I may possess the clinical training but you are the expert on your life so we have to work together to find what will work best for you.
(870) 259-4608 View (870) 259-4608
Photo of Katrina R Adams, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katrina R Adams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
Going through traumatic experiences can have a serious impact on one's life. The consequences of trauma can lead to poor functioning & disruption in daily routines, relationships, work, & overall sense of wellbeing. It can lead to difficulties in regulating emotions & coping with stress. Additionally, trauma can impact a person's beliefs about themselves, others, and the world - leading to feelings of blame, shame, guilt, & a loss of trust. Overall, trauma can significantly impair an individual's ability to feel safe, connected, & in control of their life. Does this sound familiar to you? If so, I am here to help & support you.
Going through traumatic experiences can have a serious impact on one's life. The consequences of trauma can lead to poor functioning & disruption in daily routines, relationships, work, & overall sense of wellbeing. It can lead to difficulties in regulating emotions & coping with stress. Additionally, trauma can impact a person's beliefs about themselves, others, and the world - leading to feelings of blame, shame, guilt, & a loss of trust. Overall, trauma can significantly impair an individual's ability to feel safe, connected, & in control of their life. Does this sound familiar to you? If so, I am here to help & support you.
(870) 359-8278 View (870) 359-8278
Photo of Charolette Scott, LPC, EdS, Counselor
Charolette Scott
Counselor, LPC, EdS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
You will be the reason your life finally changes, and your journey starts today! Whether you are facing new challenges, experiencing life transitions, struggling with overwhelming anxieties, or seeking to create and become the best version of yourself, you've arrived at the right place. I believe that you already possess the ability to navigate through life's difficulties and hardships, and I hope to walk beside you as you work to break free from unhealthy, restrictive thought patterns and unlock your true potential.
You will be the reason your life finally changes, and your journey starts today! Whether you are facing new challenges, experiencing life transitions, struggling with overwhelming anxieties, or seeking to create and become the best version of yourself, you've arrived at the right place. I believe that you already possess the ability to navigate through life's difficulties and hardships, and I hope to walk beside you as you work to break free from unhealthy, restrictive thought patterns and unlock your true potential.
(870) 686-3806 View (870) 686-3806
Photo of Angelica Gray, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angelica Gray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
Do you feel lost and broken? Does life seem hopeless right now? It’s not. Your trauma and pain can actually be an essential part of transforming your life. There is no substitute for painful life experience in moving you toward learning to experience life in the moment, with a greater sense of purpose and contentment. My name is Angelica Gray and I am a clinical social worker/therapist. I have been in the field for 14+ years working as a family service worker, school-based case manger, outpatient mental health paraprofessional and as a therapist in private practice. I specialize in depression, anxiety, trauma and family conflicts.
Do you feel lost and broken? Does life seem hopeless right now? It’s not. Your trauma and pain can actually be an essential part of transforming your life. There is no substitute for painful life experience in moving you toward learning to experience life in the moment, with a greater sense of purpose and contentment. My name is Angelica Gray and I am a clinical social worker/therapist. I have been in the field for 14+ years working as a family service worker, school-based case manger, outpatient mental health paraprofessional and as a therapist in private practice. I specialize in depression, anxiety, trauma and family conflicts.
(870) 621-3259 View (870) 621-3259
Photo of Amy Inman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy Inman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401  (Online Only)
Amy is a compassionate therapist with over 10 years of experience. Her goal is to create a safe space where clients can express themselves and focus on self-care and healing to improve their mental health and overall wellbeing. Amy is a Licensed Certified Social Worker in Missouri and Arkansas. Amy incorporates different therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy and solution focused therapy. Amy has experience treating children, adolescents, and families. Amy has worked in both community mental health and private practice. Amy also has experience in substance abuse treatment.
Amy is a compassionate therapist with over 10 years of experience. Her goal is to create a safe space where clients can express themselves and focus on self-care and healing to improve their mental health and overall wellbeing. Amy is a Licensed Certified Social Worker in Missouri and Arkansas. Amy incorporates different therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy and solution focused therapy. Amy has experience treating children, adolescents, and families. Amy has worked in both community mental health and private practice. Amy also has experience in substance abuse treatment.
(870) 410-4616 View (870) 410-4616
Photo of Erin Denton, LCSW, LADAC, EMDR, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Erin Denton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LADAC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Jonesboro, AR 72401
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 25 years of experience helping clients to discover and follow their own pathway for healing, growth and fulfillment. I provide a non-judgmental perspective and focus on developing a compassionate and caring relationship with those I work with.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 25 years of experience helping clients to discover and follow their own pathway for healing, growth and fulfillment. I provide a non-judgmental perspective and focus on developing a compassionate and caring relationship with those I work with.
(870) 705-3518 View (870) 705-3518
Photo of Beverly Vanover, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Beverly Vanover
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Jonesboro, AR 72401
My name is Beverly Vanover, and I am a licensed professional counseling with 10 years of experience working with adults dealing with mild to moderate emotional regulation issues around anger, anxiety, depression, and relationships. I work with adults struggling with emotional regulation for emotions of anger, anxiety, depression, and desire to please that create barriers to inter and intra-personal effectiveness.
My name is Beverly Vanover, and I am a licensed professional counseling with 10 years of experience working with adults dealing with mild to moderate emotional regulation issues around anger, anxiety, depression, and relationships. I work with adults struggling with emotional regulation for emotions of anger, anxiety, depression, and desire to please that create barriers to inter and intra-personal effectiveness.
(870) 860-7427 View (870) 860-7427
Photo of Kaitlin Stober, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaitlin Stober
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Forrest City, AR 72335
Do you struggle with emotional overload? Did you have a difficult childhood and now have difficulty connecting with others in your adulthood? Have you experienced a traumatic event that has been difficult to overcome on your own? Do you struggle with relationships and wonder why you have the same problems time and time again? Do you have a chronic illness and struggle with the emotional pain, disappointment, and despair it can bring? I can help. I offer a non-judgmental place to connect and process.
Do you struggle with emotional overload? Did you have a difficult childhood and now have difficulty connecting with others in your adulthood? Have you experienced a traumatic event that has been difficult to overcome on your own? Do you struggle with relationships and wonder why you have the same problems time and time again? Do you have a chronic illness and struggle with the emotional pain, disappointment, and despair it can bring? I can help. I offer a non-judgmental place to connect and process.
(870) 306-2065 View (870) 306-2065
Photo of Juliana M Bennett, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Juliana M Bennett
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pocahontas, AR 72455
I enjoy working with individuals and families of all ages and stages of life. Every person has a purpose and I strive to support others in pursuing their purpose while improving the quality of their life and relationships. I believe that my purpose is to serve God and people through mental health therapy. Relationships and human connection are at the heart of therapy and are fundamental to personal growth and stability. I am trained in EMDR therapy for treating trauma as well as Created for Connection (EFT-based) for working with families and couples.
I enjoy working with individuals and families of all ages and stages of life. Every person has a purpose and I strive to support others in pursuing their purpose while improving the quality of their life and relationships. I believe that my purpose is to serve God and people through mental health therapy. Relationships and human connection are at the heart of therapy and are fundamental to personal growth and stability. I am trained in EMDR therapy for treating trauma as well as Created for Connection (EFT-based) for working with families and couples.
(870) 587-1324 View (870) 587-1324
Photo of Brooke Weaver, LCSW, ICST, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brooke Weaver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ICST
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
Feeling overwhelmed and not sure where to turn? You may feel lost, inadequate, or powerless. If so, you are not alone. The pressures of life can seem considerably overpowering at times. However, even the most stressful situations can be defeated. Let’s work together to gain control over the stress.
Feeling overwhelmed and not sure where to turn? You may feel lost, inadequate, or powerless. If so, you are not alone. The pressures of life can seem considerably overpowering at times. However, even the most stressful situations can be defeated. Let’s work together to gain control over the stress.
(870) 897-1684 View (870) 897-1684
Photo of Lori Poston, LCSW, AADC, CS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lori Poston
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, AADC, CS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Jonesboro, AR 72401
How did I end up here? Why are things so difficult for my family? How do we move past this? My name is Lori Poston, and I would be honored to work with you to find answers to these questions. Life can be challenging, relationships can be tough, and families may find themselves in turmoil. We find ourselves stuck in unhealthy patterns, repeating generational behaviors that only make things more difficult. Learning better ways to communicate and having healthy boundaries are just a couple of things we can do to improve functioning within families.
How did I end up here? Why are things so difficult for my family? How do we move past this? My name is Lori Poston, and I would be honored to work with you to find answers to these questions. Life can be challenging, relationships can be tough, and families may find themselves in turmoil. We find ourselves stuck in unhealthy patterns, repeating generational behaviors that only make things more difficult. Learning better ways to communicate and having healthy boundaries are just a couple of things we can do to improve functioning within families.
(870) 561-7980 View (870) 561-7980
Photo of Angela DiPonio, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angela DiPonio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Batesville, AR 72501
I believe that everyone has the capacity to grow and heal and that change is possible, no matter how difficult. I work to empower individuals in a nonjudgmental and open atmosphere so that positive change, growth, and healing can occur. I value instilling hope in all clients through empowerment, support, and accountability. I am eager to walk alongside your healing journey so that you can use your strengths and resilience to live a happy and fulfilling life.
I believe that everyone has the capacity to grow and heal and that change is possible, no matter how difficult. I work to empower individuals in a nonjudgmental and open atmosphere so that positive change, growth, and healing can occur. I value instilling hope in all clients through empowerment, support, and accountability. I am eager to walk alongside your healing journey so that you can use your strengths and resilience to live a happy and fulfilling life.
(870) 410-4776 View (870) 410-4776
Photo of Aneita Cooper, PhD, LPC, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Aneita Cooper
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, PLLC
Verified Verified
Paragould, AR 72450
It is amazing how our hearts can be beating in our chests and yet we do not feel fully alive. Life, circumstances, relationships, and even our own hearts can seem to work against us in our quest to have meaningful and fulfilling lives. As a trained professional counselor practicing in Arkansas, Arizona, and Missouri, I have been equipped to work with individuals, couples, and families and I have a passion for seeing people live well and find their purpose. I hold a Specialist degree in Psychology and Counseling and a Doctorate in Psychology and Christian Counseling, utilizing professional theories with a faith-based foundation.
It is amazing how our hearts can be beating in our chests and yet we do not feel fully alive. Life, circumstances, relationships, and even our own hearts can seem to work against us in our quest to have meaningful and fulfilling lives. As a trained professional counselor practicing in Arkansas, Arizona, and Missouri, I have been equipped to work with individuals, couples, and families and I have a passion for seeing people live well and find their purpose. I hold a Specialist degree in Psychology and Counseling and a Doctorate in Psychology and Christian Counseling, utilizing professional theories with a faith-based foundation.
(870) 521-1685 View (870) 521-1685
Photo of Julie Pillow Wilson, L, C, S, W, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julie Pillow Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, L, C, S, W
Verified Verified
Marion, AR 72364
It takes a lot of courage to ask for help. I’d like to help by forming a partnership with you to address your mental health concerns and difficult life circumstances. If depression, anxiety and/or a history of trauma are causing you to feel overwhelmed and unfulfilled - I’d like to help you feel satisfied, self-confident, and at peace. I have been a Therapist for 15 years and I love what I do!
It takes a lot of courage to ask for help. I’d like to help by forming a partnership with you to address your mental health concerns and difficult life circumstances. If depression, anxiety and/or a history of trauma are causing you to feel overwhelmed and unfulfilled - I’d like to help you feel satisfied, self-confident, and at peace. I have been a Therapist for 15 years and I love what I do!
(870) 259-5119 View (870) 259-5119
Photo of Ashlyn M Johnson, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashlyn M Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Paragould, AR 72450
Whether you are walking through a stressful season, desiring to process traumatic life experiences, or navigating anxiety or depression, Ashlyn is willing to meet you right where you are. Vulnerability is not easy, but it leads to freedom when you are met in a space of nonjudgement and compassion. That is what Living Well Professional Counseling (LWC) offers to you. You are welcome here.
Whether you are walking through a stressful season, desiring to process traumatic life experiences, or navigating anxiety or depression, Ashlyn is willing to meet you right where you are. Vulnerability is not easy, but it leads to freedom when you are met in a space of nonjudgement and compassion. That is what Living Well Professional Counseling (LWC) offers to you. You are welcome here.
(870) 359-2253 View (870) 359-2253

See more therapy options for Clay County

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Clay County, AR

< 10

Therapists in Clay County, AR who prioritize treating:

67% Depression
67% Anxiety
67% Grief
67% Parenting
67% Trauma and PTSD
67% School Issues
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Clay County, AR see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

50% Female
50% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Clay County?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.