Therapists in Vancouver, WA

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Photo of Janese Leatherbury, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janese Leatherbury
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98661
As we journey through life, we will inevitably face many challenges and periods of growth or set-back. Whether navigating challenging emotions, life transitions, career or relationship difficulties, or confronting unresolved trauma, these experiences may result in mental health symptoms. Challenges with mental health can manifest as a sense of being trapped in an unfulfilling life, difficulty releasing painful aspects of the past, or feeling weighed down by life's demands. A common outcome of experiences of trauma, depression, and anxiety is the emergence of negative thoughts and a distorted perception of self.
As we journey through life, we will inevitably face many challenges and periods of growth or set-back. Whether navigating challenging emotions, life transitions, career or relationship difficulties, or confronting unresolved trauma, these experiences may result in mental health symptoms. Challenges with mental health can manifest as a sense of being trapped in an unfulfilling life, difficulty releasing painful aspects of the past, or feeling weighed down by life's demands. A common outcome of experiences of trauma, depression, and anxiety is the emergence of negative thoughts and a distorted perception of self.
(360) 657-9505 View (360) 657-9505
Photo of Natalie Chambers, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Natalie Chambers
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98662
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy working with adults and teens to provide a space for them to work through their struggles, trauma and/or transitions. I have experience treating trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, grief, depression, anxiety, and more. My approach is tailored to each client individually as I recognize that each person's experiences are uniquely theirs.
I enjoy working with adults and teens to provide a space for them to work through their struggles, trauma and/or transitions. I have experience treating trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, grief, depression, anxiety, and more. My approach is tailored to each client individually as I recognize that each person's experiences are uniquely theirs.
(360) 505-4796 View (360) 505-4796
Photo of Skylar T Tharp - Pacific NW Relational Therapy, PLLC, PsyD, Psychologist
Pacific NW Relational Therapy, PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98662
Currently accepting new clients. Trauma, attachment + identity impact people in different ways. Do you often feel detached or numb? Do you avoid thinking about the past or self-medicate? Are you concerned about your parenting? Do you often find yourself in difficult relationships? Are you concerned about your memory? Do you feel sad or anxious a lot? Are you "stuck" in the same pattern? Do you have trouble trusting people? Are you irritable most of the time? Do you feel like you don't know yourself or your purpose? Do you feel incomplete or want meaning in life? If you answered yes to any-I believe I could be a good fit for you.
Currently accepting new clients. Trauma, attachment + identity impact people in different ways. Do you often feel detached or numb? Do you avoid thinking about the past or self-medicate? Are you concerned about your parenting? Do you often find yourself in difficult relationships? Are you concerned about your memory? Do you feel sad or anxious a lot? Are you "stuck" in the same pattern? Do you have trouble trusting people? Are you irritable most of the time? Do you feel like you don't know yourself or your purpose? Do you feel incomplete or want meaning in life? If you answered yes to any-I believe I could be a good fit for you.
(360) 869-0118 View (360) 869-0118
Photo of Emily Jackson, MACP, Counselor
Emily Jackson
Counselor, MACP
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98686
Emily Jackson is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington who has been practicing since 2018. She has a Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from Northwest University. Emily's philosophy for therapy is collaborative and holistic. She feels therapy is a space where one can come to be fully seen, known, and accepted, but also challenged in a way that is a catalyst for growth and change to improve how they feel in relation to themselves, others, and life itself. To Emily, therapy requires a willingness to do the courageous and often difficult work to achieve change in regard to one's particular suffering.
Emily Jackson is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Washington who has been practicing since 2018. She has a Master's Degree in Counseling Psychology from Northwest University. Emily's philosophy for therapy is collaborative and holistic. She feels therapy is a space where one can come to be fully seen, known, and accepted, but also challenged in a way that is a catalyst for growth and change to improve how they feel in relation to themselves, others, and life itself. To Emily, therapy requires a willingness to do the courageous and often difficult work to achieve change in regard to one's particular suffering.
(360) 996-1178 View (360) 996-1178
Photo of Peter Gold Phd, PhD, LMHC, LPC, Counselor
Peter Gold Phd
Counselor, PhD, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98663  (Online Only)
People come to me usually for one of two reasons: (1) things are going well but they want to grow and evolve, (2) things are hard because of a past traumatic experience or a current situation, and healing and change is needed. Symptoms often include anxiety, depression, issues related to trauma, anger, grief and relationship issues. I work from a depth psychological perspective which means that I address the cause of symptoms as much as the symptoms themselves.
People come to me usually for one of two reasons: (1) things are going well but they want to grow and evolve, (2) things are hard because of a past traumatic experience or a current situation, and healing and change is needed. Symptoms often include anxiety, depression, issues related to trauma, anger, grief and relationship issues. I work from a depth psychological perspective which means that I address the cause of symptoms as much as the symptoms themselves.
(360) 564-0694 View (360) 564-0694
Photo of Angie Izabelle Cruz - Nimuë, PLLC - Conscious Collaborative Counseling , LMHC, Counselor
Nimuë, PLLC - Conscious Collaborative Counseling
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
I am an LGBTQIA+ provider and love working with adults who are ready to dig deep and make healthy changes to live their best lives. Whether you are LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) or Empath, or label yourself as "outside the box" I am ready to help you see your beautiful strengths and empower you with the tools to help change unhealthy patterns in order to create your best life. Clients that have sought my services have reported that I was helpful in processing their trauma, identifying self-sabotaging behaviors, moving thru grief, re-inventing themselves post divorce or in simply learning how to live in the Now.
I am an LGBTQIA+ provider and love working with adults who are ready to dig deep and make healthy changes to live their best lives. Whether you are LGBTQIA+, BIPOC, a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) or Empath, or label yourself as "outside the box" I am ready to help you see your beautiful strengths and empower you with the tools to help change unhealthy patterns in order to create your best life. Clients that have sought my services have reported that I was helpful in processing their trauma, identifying self-sabotaging behaviors, moving thru grief, re-inventing themselves post divorce or in simply learning how to live in the Now.
(360) 531-7607 View (360) 531-7607
Photo of Nancy K Warren - Nancy Warren, MA LMHC, MA, LMHC, Counselor
Nancy Warren, MA LMHC
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660
For the past 25 years, I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, grief and bereavement, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), sleep difficulties, troubled relationships, marital distress, chronic illness, and life transitions. My practice currently focuses on working with clients who have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders. I also see patients with cancer across the cancer continuum, from diagnosis, treatment, to survivorship or recurrence and end of life. I am passionate about working with both of these patient groups.
For the past 25 years, I have worked with individuals with a wide range of concerns including anxiety, depression, grief and bereavement, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), sleep difficulties, troubled relationships, marital distress, chronic illness, and life transitions. My practice currently focuses on working with clients who have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and other neurological disorders. I also see patients with cancer across the cancer continuum, from diagnosis, treatment, to survivorship or recurrence and end of life. I am passionate about working with both of these patient groups.
(360) 680-1693 View (360) 680-1693
Photo of Anna Rico, Intern, LPC Intern
Anna Rico
LPC Intern, Intern
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662
My hope is to help my clients envision the version of themselves they want to be and discover their unrealized strengths to maximize the change they want for their lives. I consider it an honored privilege to sit with someone and make important connections and create goals to get where they want to be.
My hope is to help my clients envision the version of themselves they want to be and discover their unrealized strengths to maximize the change they want for their lives. I consider it an honored privilege to sit with someone and make important connections and create goals to get where they want to be.
(360) 512-7723 View (360) 512-7723
Photo of Stephanie Womack, LMHCA, Counselor
Stephanie Womack
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98661
My focus is on supporting adults experiencing a variety of challenges, including depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, C/PTSD, grief, shame, boundary issues, adjustment difficulties, and relationship conflicts. I enjoy offering a range of evidence-based interventions tailored to the needs of each individual providing a holistic, person-centered approach that allows me to support clients individually and within their family systems. These interventions include Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems (IFS), and mindfulness practices.
My focus is on supporting adults experiencing a variety of challenges, including depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, C/PTSD, grief, shame, boundary issues, adjustment difficulties, and relationship conflicts. I enjoy offering a range of evidence-based interventions tailored to the needs of each individual providing a holistic, person-centered approach that allows me to support clients individually and within their family systems. These interventions include Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Attachment Theory, Internal Family Systems (IFS), and mindfulness practices.
(360) 614-4927 x109 View (360) 614-4927 x109
Photo of Melissa Cantwell, MA Ed, LHMCA, Counselor
Melissa Cantwell
Counselor, MA Ed, LHMCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98663
Not accepting new clients
I’m a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate at A Better Way Counseling. This is a second career for me. I have spent the last 18 years in the world of public education with a master's degree in Special Education. The majority of my career has been spent supporting families and their children through the education system with the resources they need to succeed. I have worked with children ages 3-21 with a wide variety of disabilities such as autism, ADHD, visual impairments, dyslexia, communication disorders, anxiety, depression, and more.
I’m a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate at A Better Way Counseling. This is a second career for me. I have spent the last 18 years in the world of public education with a master's degree in Special Education. The majority of my career has been spent supporting families and their children through the education system with the resources they need to succeed. I have worked with children ages 3-21 with a wide variety of disabilities such as autism, ADHD, visual impairments, dyslexia, communication disorders, anxiety, depression, and more.
(360) 843-2108 View (360) 843-2108
Photo of Therese Brooks, LMHC, LPCC, Counselor
Therese Brooks
Counselor, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98660  (Online Only)
I work with women: daughters, mothers, sisters, aunts, and grandmothers, and the people who desire to enjoy healthy, loving relationships with them. Together we work to develop the insight and skills necessary to experience the pleasure of love. We may explore trauma, loss, grief, anger, repressed desire, lack of vitality, and current challenging relationships. My orientation is analytical, depth/archetypal, and feminist. I am trained to listen for ways in which your own unconscious is your truest guidance. Through this connection you may access hidden aspects of potential. Above all, I am in service to your feminine empowerment.
I work with women: daughters, mothers, sisters, aunts, and grandmothers, and the people who desire to enjoy healthy, loving relationships with them. Together we work to develop the insight and skills necessary to experience the pleasure of love. We may explore trauma, loss, grief, anger, repressed desire, lack of vitality, and current challenging relationships. My orientation is analytical, depth/archetypal, and feminist. I am trained to listen for ways in which your own unconscious is your truest guidance. Through this connection you may access hidden aspects of potential. Above all, I am in service to your feminine empowerment.
(360) 967-9903 View (360) 967-9903
Photo of Elana Kier, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Elana Kier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98685  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you looking for support? Do you want assistance setting and achieving goals? Through therapy we can work together to identify the root of why you might be struggling and set clear, achievable goals. I offer a warm, direct, and empowering approach to treatment. I believe that you have many of the answers and we can work together to unlock them to create positive change in your life.
Are you looking for support? Do you want assistance setting and achieving goals? Through therapy we can work together to identify the root of why you might be struggling and set clear, achievable goals. I offer a warm, direct, and empowering approach to treatment. I believe that you have many of the answers and we can work together to unlock them to create positive change in your life.
(360) 495-1668 View (360) 495-1668
Photo of Sondra Longbrake, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sondra Longbrake
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98660  (Online Only)
Do discussions with your partner often lead to yelling or angry silence? Do you find yourselves arguing about the same issues year after year with no resolution? Learn to restore harmony in your home with communication skills that create guardrails for safety (I sometime call them training wheels or bumper pads). When couples feel like they’re walking on eggshells, life feels exhausting. When the best of intentions devolve into disappointment, misunderstanding, and hurt feelings, it might seem like there is no way back to the romantic bond you once enjoyed. It can be done, and together we will plot that course!
Do discussions with your partner often lead to yelling or angry silence? Do you find yourselves arguing about the same issues year after year with no resolution? Learn to restore harmony in your home with communication skills that create guardrails for safety (I sometime call them training wheels or bumper pads). When couples feel like they’re walking on eggshells, life feels exhausting. When the best of intentions devolve into disappointment, misunderstanding, and hurt feelings, it might seem like there is no way back to the romantic bond you once enjoyed. It can be done, and together we will plot that course!
(509) 619-1485 View (509) 619-1485
Photo of Shasta Hickman, LMHC, CMHS, LPC, NCC
Shasta Hickman
Mental Health Counselor, LMHC, CMHS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98684
Are you struggling with communication, grief, or relationships? You want to learn to have healthy boundaries and communicate them effectively. Or you have an area of your life that you feel stuck and cannot seem to get unstuck on your own. One or more of the relationships in your life is unsatisfying and you want to change this. Do you need help for yourself, your child, your marriage, or your family?
Are you struggling with communication, grief, or relationships? You want to learn to have healthy boundaries and communicate them effectively. Or you have an area of your life that you feel stuck and cannot seem to get unstuck on your own. One or more of the relationships in your life is unsatisfying and you want to change this. Do you need help for yourself, your child, your marriage, or your family?
(360) 558-3410 View (360) 558-3410
Photo of Matthew Engelking, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Matthew Engelking
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
Navigating through anxiety and trauma can feel like a relentless storm, leaving you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to turn. My approach focuses on creating a safe and supportive space where you can explore these challenges with empathy and understanding. Utilizing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), we aim to foster acceptance of your thoughts and feelings, commit to action that aligns with your values, and work towards healing. Additionally, incorporating elements of the Gottman Method enhances our work, particularly in healing relationships affected by trauma and anxiety.
Navigating through anxiety and trauma can feel like a relentless storm, leaving you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to turn. My approach focuses on creating a safe and supportive space where you can explore these challenges with empathy and understanding. Utilizing Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), we aim to foster acceptance of your thoughts and feelings, commit to action that aligns with your values, and work towards healing. Additionally, incorporating elements of the Gottman Method enhances our work, particularly in healing relationships affected by trauma and anxiety.
(360) 300-5516 View (360) 300-5516
Photo of Donna Johns - Kido Psychological Services, PS, PsyD, Psychologist
Kido Psychological Services, PS
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98665
At Kido Psychological Services, we believe in the power of understanding and compassion. Specializing in ADHD and ASD evaluations for individuals aged 12 and older, our mission is to provide high-quality, accurate diagnoses that pave the way for a better quality of life. Our experienced team is committed to creating a supportive and welcoming environment, ensuring that each client feels heard and valued. We recognize the importance of precise evaluations and the significant impact they have on accessing appropriate resources and support systems. Reach out to us today for more information!
At Kido Psychological Services, we believe in the power of understanding and compassion. Specializing in ADHD and ASD evaluations for individuals aged 12 and older, our mission is to provide high-quality, accurate diagnoses that pave the way for a better quality of life. Our experienced team is committed to creating a supportive and welcoming environment, ensuring that each client feels heard and valued. We recognize the importance of precise evaluations and the significant impact they have on accessing appropriate resources and support systems. Reach out to us today for more information!
(360) 327-8636 View (360) 327-8636
Photo of Mikaela Elaine Hines, MA, LMHC, NCC, Counselor
Mikaela Elaine Hines
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Vancouver, WA 98686
Not accepting new clients
Hello, my name is Mikaela! I am a passionate and relational therapist who believes every individual has a unique and valuable story to tell. I aim to help individuals process their pain while also learning to celebrate their strengths and view themselves with greater acceptance, love, and compassion. In my work, I create space for you to share your story as you are ready, offering gentle direction and helpful coping skills as you learn to navigate life’s challenges.
Hello, my name is Mikaela! I am a passionate and relational therapist who believes every individual has a unique and valuable story to tell. I aim to help individuals process their pain while also learning to celebrate their strengths and view themselves with greater acceptance, love, and compassion. In my work, I create space for you to share your story as you are ready, offering gentle direction and helpful coping skills as you learn to navigate life’s challenges.
(360) 967-9946 View (360) 967-9946
Photo of Janelle Nafziger, LPC Intern
Janelle Nafziger
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98663
I believe we all have a story of life worth telling. All of us experience hills and valleys across our lives, some more high and deep than others. No person is an island; we were made to partake in this life together, through good times and challenging times. We need companions who can witness our pain, fears, joy, revelations, confusion, freedom, and ambivalence. We need people around us who have walked through some dark tunnels and come out the other side, now able to say with assurance, “There is an end. You’ll make it through, and I will walk with you as you find your way.”
I believe we all have a story of life worth telling. All of us experience hills and valleys across our lives, some more high and deep than others. No person is an island; we were made to partake in this life together, through good times and challenging times. We need companions who can witness our pain, fears, joy, revelations, confusion, freedom, and ambivalence. We need people around us who have walked through some dark tunnels and come out the other side, now able to say with assurance, “There is an end. You’ll make it through, and I will walk with you as you find your way.”
(360) 743-4110 View (360) 743-4110
Photo of Kyra Larson, LMHC, Counselor
Kyra Larson
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98662  (Online Only)
First responders and veterans face unique stressors that most people never encounter. The intensity and demands of their roles can lead to feelings of isolation, heightened stress, and difficulty adjusting to civilian life. My practice is dedicated to understanding these unique challenges and providing a supportive environment to work through them. By focusing on resilience and coping strategies, I aim to help you find balance and a sense of peace amidst the chaos. My goal is to honor your service by supporting your mental health and well-being on every front.
First responders and veterans face unique stressors that most people never encounter. The intensity and demands of their roles can lead to feelings of isolation, heightened stress, and difficulty adjusting to civilian life. My practice is dedicated to understanding these unique challenges and providing a supportive environment to work through them. By focusing on resilience and coping strategies, I aim to help you find balance and a sense of peace amidst the chaos. My goal is to honor your service by supporting your mental health and well-being on every front.
(360) 774-4341 View (360) 774-4341
Photo of Roberta Dianne, MC, LMHC, Counselor
Roberta Dianne
Counselor, MC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Vancouver, WA 98661
Not accepting new clients
When you are looking for a therapist you want someone who will listen, and who will hear your story without passing judgment. Once your story is told you hope your therapist can help you look at your situation from some different perspectives, and help you identify the limiting filters that you may use to view your world, so that you have more choices and possibilities in confronting and moving through tough times.
When you are looking for a therapist you want someone who will listen, and who will hear your story without passing judgment. Once your story is told you hope your therapist can help you look at your situation from some different perspectives, and help you identify the limiting filters that you may use to view your world, so that you have more choices and possibilities in confronting and moving through tough times.
(360) 209-2470 View (360) 209-2470

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Vancouver, WA

800+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Vancouver, WA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
75% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
68% Self Esteem
67% Stress
65% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aetna
55% Cigna and Evernorth
51% Regence

How Therapists in Vancouver, WA see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
19% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Vancouver?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.