Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of Louis Laws, LGSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Louis Laws
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LGSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20007
I am a Licensed Graduate Social Worker (LGSW) currently practicing within the District of Columbia. Children, teens, and young adults are the foundation for our future society. This population and their families are the bulk of the services that I provide. My therapeutic sessions focus on relieving stress by simply solving problems. My approach is to be honest, direct, while creating an environment for openness and collaborating with clients on their goals. Cognitive Behavior Therapy is the theoretical approach of preference. I believe that everyone can change, and that your journey should not be compared to anyone else.
I am a Licensed Graduate Social Worker (LGSW) currently practicing within the District of Columbia. Children, teens, and young adults are the foundation for our future society. This population and their families are the bulk of the services that I provide. My therapeutic sessions focus on relieving stress by simply solving problems. My approach is to be honest, direct, while creating an environment for openness and collaborating with clients on their goals. Cognitive Behavior Therapy is the theoretical approach of preference. I believe that everyone can change, and that your journey should not be compared to anyone else.
(202) 839-9351 View (202) 839-9351
Photo of Andrea Florez, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Andrea Florez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
I focus on creating a supportive and safe therapeutic environment where I can help clients identify opportunities for change and growth, cope with difficult emotions and experiences, and approach and resolve problems in more constructive ways that brings the opportunity to heal emotional wounds. I believe therapy is collaborative and I support my clients to build lives that feel meaningful and authentic. I incorporate different therapeutic approaches to help clients achieve their treatment goals and meet their individual needs
I focus on creating a supportive and safe therapeutic environment where I can help clients identify opportunities for change and growth, cope with difficult emotions and experiences, and approach and resolve problems in more constructive ways that brings the opportunity to heal emotional wounds. I believe therapy is collaborative and I support my clients to build lives that feel meaningful and authentic. I incorporate different therapeutic approaches to help clients achieve their treatment goals and meet their individual needs
(202) 949-5971 View (202) 949-5971
Photo of Jocelyn Martin, LGPC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jocelyn Martin
Pre-Licensed Professional, LGPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
Welcome to a space where healing, growth, and self-discovery are at the heart of every conversation. I’m thrilled that you’re considering embarking on this journey with me. As a therapist, I bring a unique blend of empathy, understanding, and cultural sensitivity to our sessions. Life has its way of presenting us with challenges, and it’s a testament to your strength that you’re seeking support. In our time together, my goal is to create an environment where you feel heard, valued, and empowered to explore the depths of your thoughts and emotions.
Welcome to a space where healing, growth, and self-discovery are at the heart of every conversation. I’m thrilled that you’re considering embarking on this journey with me. As a therapist, I bring a unique blend of empathy, understanding, and cultural sensitivity to our sessions. Life has its way of presenting us with challenges, and it’s a testament to your strength that you’re seeking support. In our time together, my goal is to create an environment where you feel heard, valued, and empowered to explore the depths of your thoughts and emotions.
(202) 838-5263 View (202) 838-5263
Photo of Joseph Spilsbury, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Joseph Spilsbury
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20016
I love to work with individuals who are truly invested in actively processing their mental health--anything from adjustment and relational issues to post trauma symptoms, to ADHD, to depression and anxiety. I try to direct and guide my clients towards greater self-awareness, meaningful change, and transformation. Let’s work together to help you find harmony and balance in all aspects of your daily life.
I love to work with individuals who are truly invested in actively processing their mental health--anything from adjustment and relational issues to post trauma symptoms, to ADHD, to depression and anxiety. I try to direct and guide my clients towards greater self-awareness, meaningful change, and transformation. Let’s work together to help you find harmony and balance in all aspects of your daily life.
(202) 946-4875 View (202) 946-4875
Photo of Jessica R Roberts, PhD, Psychologist
Jessica R Roberts
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
Ralph Waldo Emerson said "What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us." I believe that individuals are more than just their experiences. I view psychotherapy as a place in which you can explore your life experiences as well as gain greater insight into your character "what lies within." I believe that growth occurs when people believe that they can make things different in their own lives. My role as a therapist is to support and encourage you as you take steps toward making changes in your life.
Ralph Waldo Emerson said "What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us." I believe that individuals are more than just their experiences. I view psychotherapy as a place in which you can explore your life experiences as well as gain greater insight into your character "what lies within." I believe that growth occurs when people believe that they can make things different in their own lives. My role as a therapist is to support and encourage you as you take steps toward making changes in your life.
(571) 297-1896 View (571) 297-1896
Photo of Daniel Morris, LICSW, LISW-CP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Daniel Morris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LISW-CP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Life is lived in the intersection where intentions and outcomes are determined by our actions. We are happy when our intentions match our outcomes... but when they do not, we can feel stressed, anxious, depressed, disappointed or even desperate. At such moments, it is helpful to speak to someone that can help us feel understood and find the courage to power forward.
Life is lived in the intersection where intentions and outcomes are determined by our actions. We are happy when our intentions match our outcomes... but when they do not, we can feel stressed, anxious, depressed, disappointed or even desperate. At such moments, it is helpful to speak to someone that can help us feel understood and find the courage to power forward.
(202) 931-7269 View (202) 931-7269
Photo of Joshua Kline, PsyD, Psychological Associate
Joshua Kline
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
I believe in providing a safe, judgment-free, and supportive space for my clients. From a cognitive-behavioral approach, I aim to balance symptom relief in the present while managing life’s challenges and uncertainties. Along with this, I help develop insights and depth into why one’s struggles may be happening. I value a strong therapeutic relationship as a channel for understanding and a way to foster open and honest dialogue. My therapy style can be described as compassionate, direct, solution-oriented, and mind-body-focused. Together, we will create a personalized and flexible plan to create a more authentic and fulfilling life.
I believe in providing a safe, judgment-free, and supportive space for my clients. From a cognitive-behavioral approach, I aim to balance symptom relief in the present while managing life’s challenges and uncertainties. Along with this, I help develop insights and depth into why one’s struggles may be happening. I value a strong therapeutic relationship as a channel for understanding and a way to foster open and honest dialogue. My therapy style can be described as compassionate, direct, solution-oriented, and mind-body-focused. Together, we will create a personalized and flexible plan to create a more authentic and fulfilling life.
(202) 816-7916 View (202) 816-7916
Photo of Arelis Perez - Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services , LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
Hello! My Name is Arelis, and I am a therapist and founder of Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we are here to help you achieve your goal. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
Hello! My Name is Arelis, and I am a therapist and founder of Arelis Perez Psychotherapy Services. If you're looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you're just ready to move in a new direction in your life, we are here to help you achieve your goal. We are a multicultural and multi-lingual practice offering therapeutic services to children, teenager, and adults. Our clinicians are trained to utilize a variety of therapeutic modalities to support and empower a diverse population.
(202) 902-6338 View (202) 902-6338
Photo of Sean C LeSane, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sean C LeSane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036
My practice focuses on work with individuals and couples to assist you in understanding how you can relate to others in as authentic a way as possible. I am a licensed independent clinical social worker and have provided psychotherapy for the past 10 years. I have worked in various therapeutic environments for over 15 years with people who are dealing with varying degrees of mental health issues and life challenges including depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, and grief and loss.
My practice focuses on work with individuals and couples to assist you in understanding how you can relate to others in as authentic a way as possible. I am a licensed independent clinical social worker and have provided psychotherapy for the past 10 years. I have worked in various therapeutic environments for over 15 years with people who are dealing with varying degrees of mental health issues and life challenges including depression, anxiety, relationship challenges, and grief and loss.
(202) 681-3952 View (202) 681-3952
Photo of Henry A. McKinnon, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, JD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Henry A. McKinnon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW, JD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20037
Finding your true, authentic self can be daunting. You may feel stuck, confused, or overwhelmed by life experiences. Together we can discover the motivations, tools, and skills which will allow you to be content, more-productive, and less anxious. In a safe, confidential, and non-judgmental space, you and I can explore your patterns of thinking and feeling, and the meanings behind them. We will remove obstacles which get in your way. Client's often tell me that my warm, non-judgmental approach and careful listening help them to feel safe, freeing them to understand themselves in ways they've never considered.
Finding your true, authentic self can be daunting. You may feel stuck, confused, or overwhelmed by life experiences. Together we can discover the motivations, tools, and skills which will allow you to be content, more-productive, and less anxious. In a safe, confidential, and non-judgmental space, you and I can explore your patterns of thinking and feeling, and the meanings behind them. We will remove obstacles which get in your way. Client's often tell me that my warm, non-judgmental approach and careful listening help them to feel safe, freeing them to understand themselves in ways they've never considered.
(202) 803-8464 View (202) 803-8464
Photo of Michael Radkowsky, PsyD, Psychologist
Michael Radkowsky
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20008  (Online Only)
I help struggling couples build resilient, loving, committed relationships; and I help individuals who are stuck, sad, or anxious learn ways to move forward, break free of depression, and overcome anxiety.
I help struggling couples build resilient, loving, committed relationships; and I help individuals who are stuck, sad, or anxious learn ways to move forward, break free of depression, and overcome anxiety.
(202) 234-3278 View (202) 234-3278
Photo of Victoria Steele, LICSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victoria Steele
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Are you looking for a place where you can be your true self, even when you’re feeling lost, confused, or stuck? Do you want to make things better and need some support to get there? I see you, and your courage in taking this step for yourself is truly inspiring. I’m Victoria, a licensed psychotherapist dedicated to helping you connect to your true self and express your full potential. Whether you want to explore your sexuality or focus on other aspects of your life, my approach is person-centered, sex-positive, and infused with creativity, ensuring that our therapy space is relaxed, supportive, fun, and exploratory.
Are you looking for a place where you can be your true self, even when you’re feeling lost, confused, or stuck? Do you want to make things better and need some support to get there? I see you, and your courage in taking this step for yourself is truly inspiring. I’m Victoria, a licensed psychotherapist dedicated to helping you connect to your true self and express your full potential. Whether you want to explore your sexuality or focus on other aspects of your life, my approach is person-centered, sex-positive, and infused with creativity, ensuring that our therapy space is relaxed, supportive, fun, and exploratory.
(202) 517-2910 View (202) 517-2910
Photo of Dr. Martha Gross, PhD, Psychologist
Dr. Martha Gross
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Navigating life's stresses, dealing with relationship disappointments and regaining self confidence and hope are issues that we can confront together. I will help you become aware of your harmful patterns of behavior and replace them with new healthier ones. Through awareness learned in therapy, you will develop a new sense of comfort and satisfaction with your life.
Navigating life's stresses, dealing with relationship disappointments and regaining self confidence and hope are issues that we can confront together. I will help you become aware of your harmful patterns of behavior and replace them with new healthier ones. Through awareness learned in therapy, you will develop a new sense of comfort and satisfaction with your life.
(202) 390-7162 View (202) 390-7162
Photo of Peter Devlin, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Peter Devlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20003
I practice a relational form of psychodynamic/humanistic therapy that views the therapeutic relationship as central to the therapeutic process. However. I also incorporate therapeutic tools from difrrent pychotherapeutic modalities, including CBT, DBT, and psychoanalysis . I have had great success working with people who have had difficulty connecting to therapists in the past and am noted for working with high-conflict couples. I enjoy working with couples utilizing. among other modalities, the Gottman Method and Emotionally Focused Therapy, which aren't necessarily exclusive to each other
I practice a relational form of psychodynamic/humanistic therapy that views the therapeutic relationship as central to the therapeutic process. However. I also incorporate therapeutic tools from difrrent pychotherapeutic modalities, including CBT, DBT, and psychoanalysis . I have had great success working with people who have had difficulty connecting to therapists in the past and am noted for working with high-conflict couples. I enjoy working with couples utilizing. among other modalities, the Gottman Method and Emotionally Focused Therapy, which aren't necessarily exclusive to each other
(202) 972-6846 View (202) 972-6846
Photo of Dana Payes, LICSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dana Payes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20001  (Online Only)
Welcome! Thank you for taking the time to visit my page! Whether you are just beginning your therapy journey, find yourself searching for help with continued healing or are you getting back in touch with yourself after time away from therapy, I would like to be there for you to help! I work with clients aged preteen-adulthood who have experienced trauma, mood disorders, ADHD, and learning disabilities. Additionally, I work with individuals in transitional life stages and caregivers who want to work through challenges in parenting/caretaking and also hope to prioritize their own mental health or life challenges.
Welcome! Thank you for taking the time to visit my page! Whether you are just beginning your therapy journey, find yourself searching for help with continued healing or are you getting back in touch with yourself after time away from therapy, I would like to be there for you to help! I work with clients aged preteen-adulthood who have experienced trauma, mood disorders, ADHD, and learning disabilities. Additionally, I work with individuals in transitional life stages and caregivers who want to work through challenges in parenting/caretaking and also hope to prioritize their own mental health or life challenges.
(202) 998-5610 View (202) 998-5610
Photo of Stephanie Gilbert, LPC, LCPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie Gilbert
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Are you someone who avoids social situations, seeks out reassurance from others, or describes yourself as a people pleaser or perfectionist? If so, you might be struggling with anxiety. Anxiety shows up in a variety of different ways. These challenges often arise during major life transitions or may be associated with relationship, school, or work-related concerns. I have a special interest in working with teens as well as adults in their 20s and early 30s who experience anxiety and stress. I'm here to help you gain the tools you need to feel relief and to approach your life in a more authentic way.
Are you someone who avoids social situations, seeks out reassurance from others, or describes yourself as a people pleaser or perfectionist? If so, you might be struggling with anxiety. Anxiety shows up in a variety of different ways. These challenges often arise during major life transitions or may be associated with relationship, school, or work-related concerns. I have a special interest in working with teens as well as adults in their 20s and early 30s who experience anxiety and stress. I'm here to help you gain the tools you need to feel relief and to approach your life in a more authentic way.
(202) 519-9368 View (202) 519-9368
Linda S Geurkink
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I collaborate with patients to help them understand and resolve problems they experience with regard to: personal and work relationship difficulties, self-esteem concerns, depression and anxiety, unresolved grief and loss, sexual and intimacy conflicts, work and achievement inhibitions, parenting problems. Increased intellectual and emotional understanding of these problems often helps the individual develop more successful and rewarding approaches in dealing with day to day realities in adult life.
I collaborate with patients to help them understand and resolve problems they experience with regard to: personal and work relationship difficulties, self-esteem concerns, depression and anxiety, unresolved grief and loss, sexual and intimacy conflicts, work and achievement inhibitions, parenting problems. Increased intellectual and emotional understanding of these problems often helps the individual develop more successful and rewarding approaches in dealing with day to day realities in adult life.
(202) 670-7992 View (202) 670-7992
Photo of Le'Marus Alston, PhD, Psychologist
Le'Marus Alston
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002
Life is a journey consisting of decisions about which route to take and who to ask for directions. Each of us encounter roadblocks like relationship issues, significant loss, or major life transitions. Sometimes, we find ourselves traveling this path with fears, anxieties, insecurities, and shame. If you have noticed these roadblocks then you are reading this at the right time, because I am committed to being with you on your unique, journey. As you contemplate whether individual therapy could be beneficial for you, consider whether you are fulfilled in your work, in your connection to others, or through your capacity to recharge.
Life is a journey consisting of decisions about which route to take and who to ask for directions. Each of us encounter roadblocks like relationship issues, significant loss, or major life transitions. Sometimes, we find ourselves traveling this path with fears, anxieties, insecurities, and shame. If you have noticed these roadblocks then you are reading this at the right time, because I am committed to being with you on your unique, journey. As you contemplate whether individual therapy could be beneficial for you, consider whether you are fulfilled in your work, in your connection to others, or through your capacity to recharge.
(202) 915-0878 View (202) 915-0878
Photo of Dr. LaNail R. Plummer, EdD, LPC, NCC, ACS, BC-TMH, Counselor
Dr. LaNail R. Plummer
Counselor, EdD, LPC, NCC, ACS, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20045
Accepting new clients- Life is hard. Most of us want to think that it gets easier but that only occurs when our skills (emotional, mental, physical, spiritual) improve. Therapy is the perfect place to learn and practice new skills while getting the encouragement to make it through life's toughest moments. And I am ready for you. I work with all clients and specialize in the Black/Brown communities, LGBTQ population, couples, and adolescents. I value intersectionality, solutions-focused work, and holistic practices.
Accepting new clients- Life is hard. Most of us want to think that it gets easier but that only occurs when our skills (emotional, mental, physical, spiritual) improve. Therapy is the perfect place to learn and practice new skills while getting the encouragement to make it through life's toughest moments. And I am ready for you. I work with all clients and specialize in the Black/Brown communities, LGBTQ population, couples, and adolescents. I value intersectionality, solutions-focused work, and holistic practices.
(202) 803-8556 View (202) 803-8556
Photo of Juliette-Marie deSousa, MA, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Juliette-Marie deSousa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
I work with adults of all ages on a variety of issues including but not limited to ADHD,anxiety,depression, family conflict, coping, adjustment, and quarter- and mid-life crises. As a life-long competitive athlete, I also work on issues within the sports psychology realm. I will work with you as a partner to define your goals, identify what may be holding you back from living the life you want, and explore realistic ways to make positive change. I offer a safe, honest, and judgment-free space to share and grow. I incorporate cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness approaches to tap into and leverage your many strengths.
I work with adults of all ages on a variety of issues including but not limited to ADHD,anxiety,depression, family conflict, coping, adjustment, and quarter- and mid-life crises. As a life-long competitive athlete, I also work on issues within the sports psychology realm. I will work with you as a partner to define your goals, identify what may be holding you back from living the life you want, and explore realistic ways to make positive change. I offer a safe, honest, and judgment-free space to share and grow. I incorporate cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness approaches to tap into and leverage your many strengths.
(202) 686-9268 View (202) 686-9268
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

3,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% BlueCross and BlueShield
58% CareFirst
56% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.