Anger Management Therapists in Gardendale, AL

Photo of Heather L Forbes, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Heather L Forbes
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071  (Online Only)
I specialize with adults 18 years of age and up who are dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, anger management, substance use and chronic or terminal illnesses.
Looking for some peace in life? Want to learn some positive coping skills in order to feel your best? As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am here to guide you through the tough times and help you adjust to the transition's life throws at you. My objective is to offer a place for you to feel safe to discuss your thoughts and feelings without judgement, so that you can be your best self.
I specialize with adults 18 years of age and up who are dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma, anger management, substance use and chronic or terminal illnesses.
Looking for some peace in life? Want to learn some positive coping skills in order to feel your best? As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am here to guide you through the tough times and help you adjust to the transition's life throws at you. My objective is to offer a place for you to feel safe to discuss your thoughts and feelings without judgement, so that you can be your best self.
(256) 500-8436 View (256) 500-8436
Photo of Angela Nix, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Angela Nix
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
I believe that trust and rapport in a relationship are key. This is why I strive to create a safe, nonjudgmental setting to allow you to discuss any struggles you may be facing, at your own pace.
I believe that trust and rapport in a relationship are key. This is why I strive to create a safe, nonjudgmental setting to allow you to discuss any struggles you may be facing, at your own pace.
(205) 947-2434 View (205) 947-2434
Photo of Marilyn Lee Knight - Integrative Health Services, LLC
Integrative Health Services, LLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
SATURDAY OPENINGS AVAILABLE and ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Integrative Health Services, LLC focuses on treating the mind, body, and spirit. Everyone is not the same and therefore, treatment is tailored to fit the individual needs of each person. Overall health and well-being are strongly encouraged while receiving mental health treatment. This is why Integrative Health Services keeps a unique referral list of highly qualified primary care doctors, massage therapists, holistic doctors/herbalists, yoga therapy instructors, psychiatrists, rheumatologists, personal trainers and many others that promote overall health and well-being.
SATURDAY OPENINGS AVAILABLE and ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. Integrative Health Services, LLC focuses on treating the mind, body, and spirit. Everyone is not the same and therefore, treatment is tailored to fit the individual needs of each person. Overall health and well-being are strongly encouraged while receiving mental health treatment. This is why Integrative Health Services keeps a unique referral list of highly qualified primary care doctors, massage therapists, holistic doctors/herbalists, yoga therapy instructors, psychiatrists, rheumatologists, personal trainers and many others that promote overall health and well-being.
(833) 567-3538 View (833) 567-3538
Photo of Integrative Health Services Llc Mark Banaszek, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Integrative Health Services Llc Mark Banaszek
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
ACCEPTING CHAMP VA AND MEDICARE NOW! Do you struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, and coping with everyday life? I am an individual and family therapist at Integrative Health Services with 18 years of experience working with children, adolescents, individuals, veterans, and families. I have experience working with school systems and other agencies throughout Jefferson, and surrounding counties. I present my counseling services in a professional, direct, realistic, yet compassionate and understanding format. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, families, individuals, couples and veterans, who struggle to cope with .
ACCEPTING CHAMP VA AND MEDICARE NOW! Do you struggle with stress, anxiety, depression, and coping with everyday life? I am an individual and family therapist at Integrative Health Services with 18 years of experience working with children, adolescents, individuals, veterans, and families. I have experience working with school systems and other agencies throughout Jefferson, and surrounding counties. I present my counseling services in a professional, direct, realistic, yet compassionate and understanding format. I enjoy working with children, adolescents, families, individuals, couples and veterans, who struggle to cope with .
(855) 554-9966 View (855) 554-9966
Photo of John W Wise, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
John W Wise
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
Life happens. And there’s no shame in asking for help in times of trouble. My goal as a counselor is to provide a space and to create a relationship that you can use for your own development, as well as provide you with tools and strategies to better cope with and maybe even resolve issues when the hard times come. Together we'll work to identify what may be holding you back or keeping you down. You will gain a better understanding of why you feel the way you do and you'll be empowered with the knowledge that change is possible.
Life happens. And there’s no shame in asking for help in times of trouble. My goal as a counselor is to provide a space and to create a relationship that you can use for your own development, as well as provide you with tools and strategies to better cope with and maybe even resolve issues when the hard times come. Together we'll work to identify what may be holding you back or keeping you down. You will gain a better understanding of why you feel the way you do and you'll be empowered with the knowledge that change is possible.
(205) 846-5965 View (205) 846-5965
Photo of Jordan Nicole Vann - Jordan Vann (Integrative Health Services, LLC), LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jordan Vann (Integrative Health Services, LLC)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
*WE ARE TAKING NEW CLIENTS!* I address a range of mental health issues, including addiction, trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and more. Whether you are going through a life transition or have a history of mental health issues, I am glad that you have taken this positive step towards change. I welcome you to walk with me on your journey to wellness, as together, we work to address any barriers that prevent you from accessing your ideal self or life. If you are feeling lost and are ready to find your voice, this can be a safe place to develop and utilize the strengths that already exist within you.
*WE ARE TAKING NEW CLIENTS!* I address a range of mental health issues, including addiction, trauma, grief, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and more. Whether you are going through a life transition or have a history of mental health issues, I am glad that you have taken this positive step towards change. I welcome you to walk with me on your journey to wellness, as together, we work to address any barriers that prevent you from accessing your ideal self or life. If you are feeling lost and are ready to find your voice, this can be a safe place to develop and utilize the strengths that already exist within you.
(659) 200-7184 View (659) 200-7184
Photo of Holly Durhan, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Holly Durhan
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
We've all heard the expression life is a journey.  But what about when the journey is confusing & complicated?  I believe counseling is like a map or a compass- guidance to help us find our way.  I’d like to help you find your way forward.  I use a blend of counseling strategies including: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for an effective approach to working through and healing life's challenging seasons. I also believe faith can be an integral part of healing & for those that choose to do so, I combine faith based practices as well.
We've all heard the expression life is a journey.  But what about when the journey is confusing & complicated?  I believe counseling is like a map or a compass- guidance to help us find our way.  I’d like to help you find your way forward.  I use a blend of counseling strategies including: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for an effective approach to working through and healing life's challenging seasons. I also believe faith can be an integral part of healing & for those that choose to do so, I combine faith based practices as well.
(205) 927-6977 View (205) 927-6977
Photo of Hannah Strength, MEd, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hannah Strength
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gardendale, AL 35071
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Therapist and specialize in individual counseling. I have owned my own practice since 2020. I enjoy working with clients of all ages and backgrounds. My goal is to provide a safe space for all of my clients with Person-Centered Therapy. I am here to help guide you to your own discoveries. I have a team-mindset which assists the counseling collaboration process with each client. I enjoy hearing how clients experience and process the world. You have something to say, and I want to hear your story.
I am a Licensed Therapist and specialize in individual counseling. I have owned my own practice since 2020. I enjoy working with clients of all ages and backgrounds. My goal is to provide a safe space for all of my clients with Person-Centered Therapy. I am here to help guide you to your own discoveries. I have a team-mindset which assists the counseling collaboration process with each client. I enjoy hearing how clients experience and process the world. You have something to say, and I want to hear your story.
(205) 308-0067 View (205) 308-0067

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Tamara Oliver-Jackson, EdS, LPC , NCC, CAMS-II, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Tamara Oliver-Jackson
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdS, LPC , NCC, CAMS-II, RPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Birmingham, AL 35215
As your therapist, I have over two decades of experience working with children, adolescents, teens, families, and couples with the following: depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, addictions, parenting issues, divorce issues, domestic violence, anger management attention deficit disorder, ADHD, post-traumatic stress disorder, physical and sexual abuse, oppositional defiant disorder, adjustment disorder, parenting skills development, learning disabilities, educational/school problems and relational issues and divorce.
I work to create a safe, confidential, genuine, and non-judgmental setting, which is essential for establishing a healthy therapeutic relationship. When clients can experience a sense of unconditional positive regard from their therapist, they will be more apt to be vested in the therapeutic process. Part of my job as a therapist is to actively listen to what you are saying and not saying, during each session. Through active listening, I can help you explore the underlying issues of your experience as well as identify your personal strengths. I utilize a myriad of therapeutic approaches in meeting clients' individual therapeutic goals, needs, and styles. Such as, 'talk' therapy, humanistic, cognitive-behavioral therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, play therapy, and sand tray therapy, etc. I promote increased self-awareness and actualization, which develops emotional, physical, and spiritual balance. This works towards reducing many sources of conflict in one's life.
As your therapist, I have over two decades of experience working with children, adolescents, teens, families, and couples with the following: depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, addictions, parenting issues, divorce issues, domestic violence, anger management attention deficit disorder, ADHD, post-traumatic stress disorder, physical and sexual abuse, oppositional defiant disorder, adjustment disorder, parenting skills development, learning disabilities, educational/school problems and relational issues and divorce.
I work to create a safe, confidential, genuine, and non-judgmental setting, which is essential for establishing a healthy therapeutic relationship. When clients can experience a sense of unconditional positive regard from their therapist, they will be more apt to be vested in the therapeutic process. Part of my job as a therapist is to actively listen to what you are saying and not saying, during each session. Through active listening, I can help you explore the underlying issues of your experience as well as identify your personal strengths. I utilize a myriad of therapeutic approaches in meeting clients' individual therapeutic goals, needs, and styles. Such as, 'talk' therapy, humanistic, cognitive-behavioral therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, play therapy, and sand tray therapy, etc. I promote increased self-awareness and actualization, which develops emotional, physical, and spiritual balance. This works towards reducing many sources of conflict in one's life.
(205) 881-5028 View (205) 881-5028
Photo of Veronica Harper, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Veronica Harper
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
Hi, I am Veronica Harper, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Alabama. My approach to counseling includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and at some point, I may use the eclectic approach. My areas of focus include anger management, depression, anxiety, grief, stress, and self-esteem. I have experience in working with all populations from ages 2-65 to include males, females, male inmates, gender dysphoria, adolescents, couples, and individuals. I have treated clients with suicidal ideations but I'm most comfortable with depression and anxiety.
Hi, I am Veronica Harper, a Licensed Professional Counselor in the State of Alabama. My approach to counseling includes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and at some point, I may use the eclectic approach. My areas of focus include anger management, depression, anxiety, grief, stress, and self-esteem. I have experience in working with all populations from ages 2-65 to include males, females, male inmates, gender dysphoria, adolescents, couples, and individuals. I have treated clients with suicidal ideations but I'm most comfortable with depression and anxiety.
(334) 326-3443 View (334) 326-3443
Photo of Leonard Shelton, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Leonard Shelton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215  (Online Only)
My name is Leonard Shelton. I was born and raised in Queens, NY. I am a licensed professional Counselor in the State of Alabama. I am a Certified Vocational Evaluation Specialist and a Certified Anger Management Specialist Level II. I have 12 years of counseling experience. I specialize in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, depression, and anger management. I also specialize in Vocational Assessment and Career Counseling. I work to create a safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment.
My name is Leonard Shelton. I was born and raised in Queens, NY. I am a licensed professional Counselor in the State of Alabama. I am a Certified Vocational Evaluation Specialist and a Certified Anger Management Specialist Level II. I have 12 years of counseling experience. I specialize in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, motivation, self-esteem, confidence, depression, and anger management. I also specialize in Vocational Assessment and Career Counseling. I work to create a safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment.
(334) 633-5549 View (334) 633-5549
Photo of Amber Fox, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amber Fox
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Pinson, AL 35126  (Online Only)
I have worked with clients of all ages who are dealing with anxiety, depression, OCD, anger, chronic and terminal illness, legal concerns, substance use, and family issues.
Are you experiencing depression or anxiety? Are you wanting to feel like the best version of yourself? Do you just need someone to talk to? As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am here to help you process life's difficulties and experience your best self. I strive to provide a comfortable, trusting, and nonjudgmental environment where we can discuss your specific needs and goals and work together to improve your quality of life. I offer evening telehealth appointments so you will not have to miss work and can meet with me from the comfort and safety of your own home.
I have worked with clients of all ages who are dealing with anxiety, depression, OCD, anger, chronic and terminal illness, legal concerns, substance use, and family issues.
Are you experiencing depression or anxiety? Are you wanting to feel like the best version of yourself? Do you just need someone to talk to? As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I am here to help you process life's difficulties and experience your best self. I strive to provide a comfortable, trusting, and nonjudgmental environment where we can discuss your specific needs and goals and work together to improve your quality of life. I offer evening telehealth appointments so you will not have to miss work and can meet with me from the comfort and safety of your own home.
(659) 200-0922 View (659) 200-0922
Photo of Shenetra Alexander, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Shenetra Alexander
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
Shenetra Alexander has 13 years of experience as a therapist and has been licensed in Alabama since 2017 as a Licensed Professional Counselor. Shenetra provides individual therapy to adults. Over her career as a therapist, she has worked with substance abuse issues, anger management, domestic violence, mental health issues, grief and loss, couples counseling, and parenting issues. She has worked in a variety of therapeutic settings including residential facilities, mental health facilities, substance abuse facilities, and the prison population.
Shenetra Alexander has 13 years of experience as a therapist and has been licensed in Alabama since 2017 as a Licensed Professional Counselor. Shenetra provides individual therapy to adults. Over her career as a therapist, she has worked with substance abuse issues, anger management, domestic violence, mental health issues, grief and loss, couples counseling, and parenting issues. She has worked in a variety of therapeutic settings including residential facilities, mental health facilities, substance abuse facilities, and the prison population.
(334) 373-0128 View (334) 373-0128
Photo of In Touch Counseling Agency April Calvin, LPC-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
In Touch Counseling Agency April Calvin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Birmingham, AL 35215
Welcome and Congratulations on making the decision to improve your life! Are you facing challenges and you don’t know where to turn? Perhaps you need help with managing depression, anger, anxiety, or grief. Maybe you are looking to improve your self-esteem. Are you having issues with your significant other, children, family, friends, or co-workers? As a licensed psychotherapist and clinically trained EMDR therapist, I can help. I approach therapy from a strength-based, holistic, solution-focused perspective.
Welcome and Congratulations on making the decision to improve your life! Are you facing challenges and you don’t know where to turn? Perhaps you need help with managing depression, anger, anxiety, or grief. Maybe you are looking to improve your self-esteem. Are you having issues with your significant other, children, family, friends, or co-workers? As a licensed psychotherapist and clinically trained EMDR therapist, I can help. I approach therapy from a strength-based, holistic, solution-focused perspective.
(205) 619-6260 View (205) 619-6260
Photo of Dana Woodruff - Vital Life Family Counseling, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Vital Life Family Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
When you're going through seasons of difficulty, day to day life stressors or just need somebody to talk to and process with; that search can seem so difficult! You want to unpack with someone who you can trust, someone who won't judge, someone who truly cares about what you're saying and how you feel and someone that's relatable and will talk back when needed and just hear you in other times. We will work together to set goals and get you to what you feel that you need. Welcome to a fresh start! Let's unpack.
When you're going through seasons of difficulty, day to day life stressors or just need somebody to talk to and process with; that search can seem so difficult! You want to unpack with someone who you can trust, someone who won't judge, someone who truly cares about what you're saying and how you feel and someone that's relatable and will talk back when needed and just hear you in other times. We will work together to set goals and get you to what you feel that you need. Welcome to a fresh start! Let's unpack.
(205) 452-0111 View (205) 452-0111
Photo of Jalana Johnson, MEd, LPC, JSOCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jalana Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, JSOCC
Verified Verified
Pinson, AL 35126
We all have to deal with a concept called LIFE! It is impossible to escape, but you have the ability to maneuver through it in a positive, safe, and healthy manner. It is my passion to equip clients with the tools to overcome circumstances that life has dealt them. I enjoy working with a myriad of age groups and concerns. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I collaborate with clients to develop achievable/realistic goals that will improve their current life circumstances. I take a relatable approach in therapy creating an environment that invites clients to safely share. I have been practicing counseling for 10 years.
We all have to deal with a concept called LIFE! It is impossible to escape, but you have the ability to maneuver through it in a positive, safe, and healthy manner. It is my passion to equip clients with the tools to overcome circumstances that life has dealt them. I enjoy working with a myriad of age groups and concerns. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I collaborate with clients to develop achievable/realistic goals that will improve their current life circumstances. I take a relatable approach in therapy creating an environment that invites clients to safely share. I have been practicing counseling for 10 years.
(205) 270-5547 View (205) 270-5547
Photo of Keeyana McLish, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Keeyana McLish
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
My name is Keeyana McLish and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Birmingham, Al. I work with children, adults, and adolescents specializing in trauma, depression, impulse control, anxiety, grief, and stress. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Person-Centered Therapy to create treatment catered to each individual client’s needs. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I cater my approach based on the age of the client. I work with clients to navigate whatever they may be experiencing in their life and provide a listening ear so that they feel validated and heard.
My name is Keeyana McLish and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Birmingham, Al. I work with children, adults, and adolescents specializing in trauma, depression, impulse control, anxiety, grief, and stress. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Person-Centered Therapy to create treatment catered to each individual client’s needs. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I cater my approach based on the age of the client. I work with clients to navigate whatever they may be experiencing in their life and provide a listening ear so that they feel validated and heard.
(334) 367-5942 View (334) 367-5942
Photo of Rebecca Ray, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rebecca Ray
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
Hi there, my name is Rebecca Ray. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Alabama. My approach to therapy is an eclectic approach including Client Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Committee Therapy, and Emotional Interviewing. I enjoy working with teens, young adults, couples, older adults, and families. I have worked with all age groups. I am most effective working with teens, adults, couples, and older adults. My most common theoretical approaches are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Client Centered Therapy.
Hi there, my name is Rebecca Ray. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Alabama. My approach to therapy is an eclectic approach including Client Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Committee Therapy, and Emotional Interviewing. I enjoy working with teens, young adults, couples, older adults, and families. I have worked with all age groups. I am most effective working with teens, adults, couples, and older adults. My most common theoretical approaches are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Client Centered Therapy.
(334) 409-6912 View (334) 409-6912
Photo of Jennifer Fuller, LPC, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Fuller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Birmingham, AL 35215
You ARE enough. The love and encouragement you did not receive from the people in your life was their failing, NOT yours. You ARE worthy. This is the time of your life where you are now in control.
You ARE enough. The love and encouragement you did not receive from the people in your life was their failing, NOT yours. You ARE worthy. This is the time of your life where you are now in control.
(205) 622-1112 View (205) 622-1112
Photo of Jessica Wilson, MA, ALC, Counselor
Jessica Wilson
Counselor, MA, ALC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, AL 35215
As a first responder, I have over 11 years of experience assisting victims of various crimes. I have received training on trauma-informed care and have developed a passion for working with survivors of human trafficking and child exploitation. I have worked with individuals experiencing trauma, anxiety, stress, difficulty setting boundaries, and depression. I also look forward to working with first responders and their families.
As a first responder, I have over 11 years of experience assisting victims of various crimes. I have received training on trauma-informed care and have developed a passion for working with survivors of human trafficking and child exploitation. I have worked with individuals experiencing trauma, anxiety, stress, difficulty setting boundaries, and depression. I also look forward to working with first responders and their families.
(205) 974-0753 View (205) 974-0753

See more therapy options for Gardendale

Anger Management Therapists

How long does therapy take for anger management?

Treatment duration depends on the person’s specific challenges and circumstances. There are treatments for anger problems that are shorter and more goal-oriented, like Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), which can last weeks to months. Others, like Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) may last between six months and a year, while a more intensive treatment, like psychodynamic therapy, is open-ended, and clients may see their therapist for a year or longer.

How do you know if you need therapy for anger management?

Everyone gets mad from time to time. But when angry outbursts become frequent and cause damage to relationships, whether at home or in the office, it may be a good time to look into therapy. A therapist can assess where a client’s anger may be coming from, suggest strategies for averting angry outbursts, and help a client create a plan to become a calmer version of themselves.

Is there medication for anger management?

Medications do exist that help people mitigate the feeling of anger, but these are reserved for people with anger-related psychiatric disorders, such as intermittent explosive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, or in some cases borderline personality disorder. In these cases, antidepressant medications may be prescribed to help with the client’s symptoms. In most cases of anger management, however, talk therapy is the recommended treatment, along with lifestyle changes where relevant.

What’s the best way to encourage someone to seek help for anger issues?

It’s helpful to express your concern and love for the person while framing therapy as a tool for improving their life. Offering specific examples of how an individual’s behavior affected either themselves or others should be done with compassion and with empathy. It may be useful to devise a game plan—breaking the process down into parts, such as finding a therapist, making appointments, and looking into insurance coverage.