Photo of Susan Sekler, JD, PhD, Psychologist
Susan Sekler
Psychologist, JD, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Important areas of my practice include anxiety, depression and overwhelming emotional states that interfere with and limit the satisfaction and fulfillment that comes from relationships and work. I also treat symptoms related to phase of life problems such as career changes, parenthood, mid-life, separation and divorce. A strong interest of mine is how to develop and maintain healthy relationships. I am an ex-lawyer, having worked as a litigator, and my style is interactive and collaborative. My office is near the campus of the University of California in Berkeley.
Important areas of my practice include anxiety, depression and overwhelming emotional states that interfere with and limit the satisfaction and fulfillment that comes from relationships and work. I also treat symptoms related to phase of life problems such as career changes, parenthood, mid-life, separation and divorce. A strong interest of mine is how to develop and maintain healthy relationships. I am an ex-lawyer, having worked as a litigator, and my style is interactive and collaborative. My office is near the campus of the University of California in Berkeley.
(510) 470-7416 View (510) 470-7416
Photo of Dara Javid, MA, JD, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Dara Javid
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, JD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708  (Online Only)
My clients have survived traumas big and small that have profoundly impacted their worldview. Now, they find themselves drained of the strength they once drew from. While many around you know you as the strong one, this time, you don't think you can make it through. You might be feeling stock in a challenging life situation, grappling with impostor syndrome, or are feeling overwhelmed by the intensity of your feelings. However, now you sense that you are ready to slow down and heal. You want a therapist who gets your struggles and your resilience. You want healing on your own terms and I can facilitate that.
My clients have survived traumas big and small that have profoundly impacted their worldview. Now, they find themselves drained of the strength they once drew from. While many around you know you as the strong one, this time, you don't think you can make it through. You might be feeling stock in a challenging life situation, grappling with impostor syndrome, or are feeling overwhelmed by the intensity of your feelings. However, now you sense that you are ready to slow down and heal. You want a therapist who gets your struggles and your resilience. You want healing on your own terms and I can facilitate that.
(510) 984-9640 View (510) 984-9640
Photo of Orin Theodore Borders, PhD, Psychologist
Orin Theodore Borders
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
I provide attachment-based Emotion Focused Therapy to couples and individuals. I commonly work with couples/individuals for over a year, sometimes much longer if the situation requires it. When working with couples, I commonly do a combination of couples meetings and individual meetings.
I provide attachment-based Emotion Focused Therapy to couples and individuals. I commonly work with couples/individuals for over a year, sometimes much longer if the situation requires it. When working with couples, I commonly do a combination of couples meetings and individual meetings.
(530) 731-5284 View (530) 731-5284
Photo of Barbara Claire Freeman, PhD, Licensed Psychoanalyst
Barbara Claire Freeman
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Sometimes it seems life asks us to bear the unbearable. A heartbreaking loss, difficult transition, illness of yourself or loved one, the lack of anything that might make your life meaningful and pleasurable—these are some of the issues I respond to and can help with. If you’re suffering or your life lacks purpose look at my website and, if you feel a connection, please reach out. I work from a generous and flexible sliding scale and am committed to providing accessible treatment. Whatever you’re facing, you don’t have to do this alone. Psychoanalytic therapy, especially as practiced by Lacanian analysts, can be transformative.
Sometimes it seems life asks us to bear the unbearable. A heartbreaking loss, difficult transition, illness of yourself or loved one, the lack of anything that might make your life meaningful and pleasurable—these are some of the issues I respond to and can help with. If you’re suffering or your life lacks purpose look at my website and, if you feel a connection, please reach out. I work from a generous and flexible sliding scale and am committed to providing accessible treatment. Whatever you’re facing, you don’t have to do this alone. Psychoanalytic therapy, especially as practiced by Lacanian analysts, can be transformative.
(341) 888-7964 View (341) 888-7964
Photo of Rik Rusovick, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Rik Rusovick
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708  (Online Only)
Wrestling depression, anxiety, relationship problems, work stress or alcohol and drugs? Do others see you're at odds with yourself or your circumstances? Are inner conflict, harsh self-criticism, rigid thinking, and refusal to accept yourself blocking a life you want? Therapy doesn't need to last years nor require endless focus on the past. You can decide what to work on and have a say in the direction of that work. There are solutions for what's happening, and sometimes just seeing and keeping focused on these brings change without attention to much else. At other times it's more complicated. Give yourself room to explore.
Wrestling depression, anxiety, relationship problems, work stress or alcohol and drugs? Do others see you're at odds with yourself or your circumstances? Are inner conflict, harsh self-criticism, rigid thinking, and refusal to accept yourself blocking a life you want? Therapy doesn't need to last years nor require endless focus on the past. You can decide what to work on and have a say in the direction of that work. There are solutions for what's happening, and sometimes just seeing and keeping focused on these brings change without attention to much else. At other times it's more complicated. Give yourself room to explore.
(415) 323-0498 View (415) 323-0498
Photo of Shawnee Cuzzillo, PhD, Psychologist
Shawnee Cuzzillo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708
Waitlist for new clients
You may be suffering from inexplicable sadness or anxiety, or problems focusing. You might feel blocked in achieving your creative or work goals and want to figure out what is getting in your way. You might be having health problems and need help sorting out how what is truly out of your control or what might be stress related. I have specialized training in psychodynamic psychotherapy which allows me to listen with special attention to unconscious processes. I am also a graduate of the Psychoanalytic Couples Psychotherapy Group and help many couples navigate difficult patches in their relationships.
You may be suffering from inexplicable sadness or anxiety, or problems focusing. You might feel blocked in achieving your creative or work goals and want to figure out what is getting in your way. You might be having health problems and need help sorting out how what is truly out of your control or what might be stress related. I have specialized training in psychodynamic psychotherapy which allows me to listen with special attention to unconscious processes. I am also a graduate of the Psychoanalytic Couples Psychotherapy Group and help many couples navigate difficult patches in their relationships.
(510) 761-6952 View (510) 761-6952
Photo of Sonja Baumer, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sonja Baumer
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
I have over 10 years of clinical experience in outpatient clinics, schools, private practice, and humanitarian organizations. My practice has been informed by clinical training and extensive academic background in developmental psychology. It also incorporates my life experience in coping with challenges of immigration, parenthood, career transitions and aging. I believe that healing entails personal growth. You may need to develop a new awareness, an insight, or a specific coping skill to resolve your problem. I provide a safe space for you to explore what is that you need in order to live a more productive and enjoyable life.
I have over 10 years of clinical experience in outpatient clinics, schools, private practice, and humanitarian organizations. My practice has been informed by clinical training and extensive academic background in developmental psychology. It also incorporates my life experience in coping with challenges of immigration, parenthood, career transitions and aging. I believe that healing entails personal growth. You may need to develop a new awareness, an insight, or a specific coping skill to resolve your problem. I provide a safe space for you to explore what is that you need in order to live a more productive and enjoyable life.
(858) 922-3855 View (858) 922-3855
Photo of Deborah Kory, PsyD, Psychologist
Deborah Kory
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708
There is a crisis of meaning and purpose in our society and far too few communities of support to guide us through the difficulties of modern life. I work with clients using psychodynamic, interpersonal and mindfulness-based approaches to help people move from lives of loneliness and alienation to lives of connection and purpose. Creating a safe and nurturing relationship with my clients is of primary importance in my work.
There is a crisis of meaning and purpose in our society and far too few communities of support to guide us through the difficulties of modern life. I work with clients using psychodynamic, interpersonal and mindfulness-based approaches to help people move from lives of loneliness and alienation to lives of connection and purpose. Creating a safe and nurturing relationship with my clients is of primary importance in my work.
(510) 253-0121 View (510) 253-0121
Photo of Tali Barr, PhD, Psychologist
Tali Barr
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708  (Online Only)
I believe that the most effective route to change and healing is through self awareness, I strive to work towards that end in all the therapy I do, both with couples and with individuals. I have found that there is no more powerful tool for breaking old patterns and affecting real change than self knowledge. With people who are curious and willing to look inward, I can help them do deep work and find out who they are and why they do the things they do..
I believe that the most effective route to change and healing is through self awareness, I strive to work towards that end in all the therapy I do, both with couples and with individuals. I have found that there is no more powerful tool for breaking old patterns and affecting real change than self knowledge. With people who are curious and willing to look inward, I can help them do deep work and find out who they are and why they do the things they do..
(510) 408-7798 View (510) 408-7798
Photo of Gabrielle Bodzin, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gabrielle Bodzin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708
Are you a fellow highly sensitive person? Do you struggle with regulating emotions, anxiety, striking balance, or find yourself stuck in relational patterns that cause anxiety or depression? Maybe you engage in compulsive habits like binge eating, doom scrolling, or other escapist tendencies that draw you away from living with presence. Maybe you struggle with feeling worthy in your relationships or feeling worthy of healing, or struggle to believe that the fulfilling and healthy life you desire is possible. I'm here to support individuals and couples transform patterns created from trauma to a life of freedom, vitality, and ease.
Are you a fellow highly sensitive person? Do you struggle with regulating emotions, anxiety, striking balance, or find yourself stuck in relational patterns that cause anxiety or depression? Maybe you engage in compulsive habits like binge eating, doom scrolling, or other escapist tendencies that draw you away from living with presence. Maybe you struggle with feeling worthy in your relationships or feeling worthy of healing, or struggle to believe that the fulfilling and healthy life you desire is possible. I'm here to support individuals and couples transform patterns created from trauma to a life of freedom, vitality, and ease.
(626) 416-4125 View (626) 416-4125
Photo of Dr. Richard Gilbert, LMFT, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Richard Gilbert
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708  (Online Only)
Dr. Richard Gilbert has over 35 years of experience working with individuals and couples and is an integrative behavioral couple therapy (IBCT) expert. He is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles where he taught courses in Clinical and Developmental Psychology, served as Director of the Graduate Program in Marriage and Family Therapy and Associate Chair of the Psychology Department, and founded The Psychology and New Technology Lab, a research program that studied the personal and cultural impact of leading-edge digital technologies such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
Dr. Richard Gilbert has over 35 years of experience working with individuals and couples and is an integrative behavioral couple therapy (IBCT) expert. He is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles where he taught courses in Clinical and Developmental Psychology, served as Director of the Graduate Program in Marriage and Family Therapy and Associate Chair of the Psychology Department, and founded The Psychology and New Technology Lab, a research program that studied the personal and cultural impact of leading-edge digital technologies such as virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
(415) 650-4484 View (415) 650-4484
Photo of Audrey Marie Martin - Audrey Martin, Psychotherapist, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Audrey Martin, Psychotherapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
I am an experienced psychotherapist with offices in both San Francisco and Berkeley. I provide therapy for adults and adolescents as my primary focus. I meet with individuals, couples, and families to help them overcome areas of emotional and relational difficulties. I have an active, open way of working and am curious, engaged, honest, and direct. I take people's need for change very seriously, and am an advocate for finding ways to help people live with greater depth, satisfaction, and choice. While this can involve diligence, resilience, and perseverance, play and creativity are also integral in the process.
I am an experienced psychotherapist with offices in both San Francisco and Berkeley. I provide therapy for adults and adolescents as my primary focus. I meet with individuals, couples, and families to help them overcome areas of emotional and relational difficulties. I have an active, open way of working and am curious, engaged, honest, and direct. I take people's need for change very seriously, and am an advocate for finding ways to help people live with greater depth, satisfaction, and choice. While this can involve diligence, resilience, and perseverance, play and creativity are also integral in the process.
(415) 360-6323 View (415) 360-6323
Photo of Elayne Savage, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Elayne Savage
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Rejection Hurts. Miscommunication leads to misunderstandings and hurt feelings, feeling disrespected and taking things personally. • Are you ‘filling in the blanks’ with your own assumptions? • Do feelings of rejection turn into self-blaming, shaming and self-rejection? • Is resentment growing in your work or personal relationships, barely leaving room for connection or intimacy? And if you are ADHD, you likely already know how rejection sensitivity affects you.• Consider how you will benefit from practicing respectfully direct communication and effective checking-out skills? • Let's tap into and enhance your resilience!
Rejection Hurts. Miscommunication leads to misunderstandings and hurt feelings, feeling disrespected and taking things personally. • Are you ‘filling in the blanks’ with your own assumptions? • Do feelings of rejection turn into self-blaming, shaming and self-rejection? • Is resentment growing in your work or personal relationships, barely leaving room for connection or intimacy? And if you are ADHD, you likely already know how rejection sensitivity affects you.• Consider how you will benefit from practicing respectfully direct communication and effective checking-out skills? • Let's tap into and enhance your resilience!
(510) 540-6230 View (510) 540-6230
Photo of Terri Weber, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Terri Weber
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
It's essential in our work together that you feel understood, cared for, and accepted as you are. I view our therapeutic relationship as a kind of model and base for you to practice being yourself authentically, wholly, and unashamedly. Our sessions will be a space where you can try on different ways of being. I will listen to you deeply with curiosity, compassion, and without judgment. I see you as the expert of your own experience and will help you grow your sense of self, and help you find strength and stability in your life. My hope is that you'll be better able to advocate for your needs and wants with others.
It's essential in our work together that you feel understood, cared for, and accepted as you are. I view our therapeutic relationship as a kind of model and base for you to practice being yourself authentically, wholly, and unashamedly. Our sessions will be a space where you can try on different ways of being. I will listen to you deeply with curiosity, compassion, and without judgment. I see you as the expert of your own experience and will help you grow your sense of self, and help you find strength and stability in your life. My hope is that you'll be better able to advocate for your needs and wants with others.
(541) 470-8240 View (541) 470-8240
Photo of Amy Ruben, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amy Ruben
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708
Thank you for finding your way here! I am a somatic psychotherapist working in both California (just virtual) & Oregon (in-person & virtual). My goal is to support clients in expanding their awareness of themselves and deepening into here-and-now experiences. When we meet, I will offer you an opportunity to work experientially, as well as to share through talking. Whatever approach we employ, I hope you will leave each session feeling supported and accompanied on your journey.
Thank you for finding your way here! I am a somatic psychotherapist working in both California (just virtual) & Oregon (in-person & virtual). My goal is to support clients in expanding their awareness of themselves and deepening into here-and-now experiences. When we meet, I will offer you an opportunity to work experientially, as well as to share through talking. Whatever approach we employ, I hope you will leave each session feeling supported and accompanied on your journey.
(503) 852-5768 View (503) 852-5768
Photo of Susan Ryan, PsyD, Psychologist
Susan Ryan
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, low mood, trauma, or noticing relationship patterns you want to change, we can join forces to understand what’s beneath your difficulties so you can grieve losses, live more freely, deepen your relationships, and feel better.
Whether you are experiencing anxiety, low mood, trauma, or noticing relationship patterns you want to change, we can join forces to understand what’s beneath your difficulties so you can grieve losses, live more freely, deepen your relationships, and feel better.
(341) 999-3350 View (341) 999-3350
Photo of Susan Guerrero - Susan Guerrero, Psy.D., PsyD, Psychologist
Susan Guerrero, Psy.D.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Not accepting new clients
If you are here searching for a therapist, it is probably safe to assume that you are struggling right now. You might find yourself feeling stuck and not knowing how to move forward in your life, your relationships, or your work. Maybe you just forgot how to have fun. And no matter what you do; nothing seems to lift the dark cloud. You might find yourself doing things that make you feel better in the moment, and that you know aren't good for you, but are having a difficult time figuring out any other options. I get it.
If you are here searching for a therapist, it is probably safe to assume that you are struggling right now. You might find yourself feeling stuck and not knowing how to move forward in your life, your relationships, or your work. Maybe you just forgot how to have fun. And no matter what you do; nothing seems to lift the dark cloud. You might find yourself doing things that make you feel better in the moment, and that you know aren't good for you, but are having a difficult time figuring out any other options. I get it.
(510) 306-7399 View (510) 306-7399
Photo of Wendy E Stock, PhD, MSCP, Psychologist
Wendy E Stock
Psychologist, PhD, MSCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Berkeley, CA 94708
Not accepting new clients
I treat couples and individuals, specializing in sexual and relationship problems, sexual abuse and PTSD, as well as depression and anxiety. I know that it takes courage to make that first phone call. Having empathy and even a sense of humor, when appropriate, helps my clients with this initial step. I work together with my clients to identify and change dysfunctional patterns of thought and behavior. My style is warm, direct, and interactive.
I treat couples and individuals, specializing in sexual and relationship problems, sexual abuse and PTSD, as well as depression and anxiety. I know that it takes courage to make that first phone call. Having empathy and even a sense of humor, when appropriate, helps my clients with this initial step. I work together with my clients to identify and change dysfunctional patterns of thought and behavior. My style is warm, direct, and interactive.
(510) 681-0320 View (510) 681-0320
Photo of Ilyana Romanovsky, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ilyana Romanovsky
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
Ilyana Romanovsky M.A. MFT., is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT 80096), specializing in treatment of adults, adolescents and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mood disorders (Depression, Bipolar Disorder) and anxiety disorders (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Phobias, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). She also specializes in treating body focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) such as Trichotillomania (hair pulling) and chronic skin picking.
Ilyana Romanovsky M.A. MFT., is a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (MFT 80096), specializing in treatment of adults, adolescents and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mood disorders (Depression, Bipolar Disorder) and anxiety disorders (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Phobias, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder). She also specializes in treating body focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) such as Trichotillomania (hair pulling) and chronic skin picking.
(510) 587-9694 View (510) 587-9694
Photo of Kathryn Orfirer, PhD, Psychologist
Kathryn Orfirer
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Berkeley, CA 94708
I am a clinical and developmental psychologist with over 35 years experience. I currently have limited availability for 1) caregivers seeking parenting support; 2) people anticipating or during pregnancy, adoption, fostering or otherwise transitioning to parenthood and early parenting; and, 3) for consultation and supervision for professionals and students.
I am a clinical and developmental psychologist with over 35 years experience. I currently have limited availability for 1) caregivers seeking parenting support; 2) people anticipating or during pregnancy, adoption, fostering or otherwise transitioning to parenthood and early parenting; and, 3) for consultation and supervision for professionals and students.
(510) 692-9736 View (510) 692-9736
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 94708

80+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in 94708 who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
86% Relationship Issues
81% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
69% Stress
68% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

54% Aetna
42% Cigna and Evernorth
42% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 94708 see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 94708?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.