Photo of Cameron Stransky, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Cameron Stransky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559  (Online Only)
As a therapist its my true belief that there is power in relationships. This guides my approach to psychotherapy and my approach to working with those that are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or discouraged. I offer a safe, non-judgmental, engaging, interactive, and strength-based approach to therapy that is tailored to each client's specific needs.
As a therapist its my true belief that there is power in relationships. This guides my approach to psychotherapy and my approach to working with those that are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, or discouraged. I offer a safe, non-judgmental, engaging, interactive, and strength-based approach to therapy that is tailored to each client's specific needs.
(707) 329-4171 View (707) 329-4171
Photo of Jessica Provenza, MA, LMFT, Somatic, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jessica Provenza
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, Somatic
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
I am here to remind you, you are not broken, even if your mind may be suggesting that you are. It is probable that these thoughts are connected to trauma—a way to make sense out of how uncomfortable you feel in your own body. Trauma can impact our health, body, emotions, relationships, perception of self and reality. Somatic Therapy may support you finding some relief in being you. Let's begin to explore and integrate what's causing this pain and psychological suffering without bypassing or minimizing your experiences. Your body has the wisdom to provide the answers. We may need to listen, honor and acknowledge its truth.
I am here to remind you, you are not broken, even if your mind may be suggesting that you are. It is probable that these thoughts are connected to trauma—a way to make sense out of how uncomfortable you feel in your own body. Trauma can impact our health, body, emotions, relationships, perception of self and reality. Somatic Therapy may support you finding some relief in being you. Let's begin to explore and integrate what's causing this pain and psychological suffering without bypassing or minimizing your experiences. Your body has the wisdom to provide the answers. We may need to listen, honor and acknowledge its truth.
(707) 267-2519 View (707) 267-2519
Photo of Lindsay Stark, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lindsay Stark
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559  (Online Only)
My approach to counseling is grounded in creating a safe and welcoming environment where clients feel comfortable expressing themselves authentically. With a passion for incorporating humor and warmth into my sessions, I aim to not only facilitate growth and healing but also to foster genuine connections with those I work with. My hope is that you look forward to our sessions each week and leave with a renewed sense of optimism about your ability to tackle your biggest challenges.
My approach to counseling is grounded in creating a safe and welcoming environment where clients feel comfortable expressing themselves authentically. With a passion for incorporating humor and warmth into my sessions, I aim to not only facilitate growth and healing but also to foster genuine connections with those I work with. My hope is that you look forward to our sessions each week and leave with a renewed sense of optimism about your ability to tackle your biggest challenges.
(707) 723-8629 View (707) 723-8629
Photo of Megan Tarantino (Konchar), LCSW, MSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Megan Tarantino (Konchar)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
I believe It is okay not to be okay. Life is full of adversities and each person has their own unique life experiences. If you have experienced trauma, faced relationship difficulties, felt anxious on a regular basis, struggled with your family or experience sadness regularly, it may be time for you to reach out for help - and that's okay!
I believe It is okay not to be okay. Life is full of adversities and each person has their own unique life experiences. If you have experienced trauma, faced relationship difficulties, felt anxious on a regular basis, struggled with your family or experience sadness regularly, it may be time for you to reach out for help - and that's okay!
(707) 736-6346 View (707) 736-6346
Photo of Monique Bendzick, MS, LMFT, RPT-S, Marriage & Family Therapist
Monique Bendzick
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, RPT-S
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
I have over 15 years of clinical experience working with children and families. I use a client centered collaborative approach to support healing for individuals to find their own path in the healing process. My experience has been focused on supporting children and individuals who have experienced trauma and are in need to repair attachment and relationships. I have completed the following specialized trainings: Infant Parent Mental Health Post Graduate Napa Fellowships working with children 0 to 5, CA Endorsed Infant Family and Early Childhood Mental Health Specialist 0-5, Completed Dr. Bruce Perry Neurosequential Model of Therapeutic level 1, Registered Play Therapist and Supervisor.
I have over 15 years of clinical experience working with children and families. I use a client centered collaborative approach to support healing for individuals to find their own path in the healing process. My experience has been focused on supporting children and individuals who have experienced trauma and are in need to repair attachment and relationships. I have completed the following specialized trainings: Infant Parent Mental Health Post Graduate Napa Fellowships working with children 0 to 5, CA Endorsed Infant Family and Early Childhood Mental Health Specialist 0-5, Completed Dr. Bruce Perry Neurosequential Model of Therapeutic level 1, Registered Play Therapist and Supervisor.
(707) 229-1146 View (707) 229-1146
Photo of Becky Parrinella, MS, LPCC, LPC, Counselor
Becky Parrinella
Counselor, MS, LPCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
Not accepting new clients
My role as a professional counselor is to help clients navigate life's challenges. This may include dealing with abuses from the past, coping with a difficult medical diagnosis, or facing challenging life transitions such as moving into adulthood, children leaving "the nest", or death of a loved one. I have a special interest in helping support caregivers, grief and loss, and supporting clients dealing with cancer. I also enjoy working with clients from the military community, active duty, veterans and spouses.
My role as a professional counselor is to help clients navigate life's challenges. This may include dealing with abuses from the past, coping with a difficult medical diagnosis, or facing challenging life transitions such as moving into adulthood, children leaving "the nest", or death of a loved one. I have a special interest in helping support caregivers, grief and loss, and supporting clients dealing with cancer. I also enjoy working with clients from the military community, active duty, veterans and spouses.
(833) 436-5298 View (833) 436-5298
Photo of Dr. Kirsten Kuzirian, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Kirsten Kuzirian
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
Waitlist for new clients
Hi! I am a neurodivergent (ADHD, Autism, Anxiety) affirming child/adolescent clinician. I enjoy supporting parents (check out my mindful parenting podcast at WideAwakeParenting.com) and kids with in person DBT, CBT and play therapy tools. I also complete ADHD, Autism and Specific Learning Disorder evaluations to identify your child's cognitive and emotional profile and make social, emotional and educational recommendations. My favorite part of this work is getting to know your family. We will use your family's strengths and value system to create comfortable solutions for you and your child.
Hi! I am a neurodivergent (ADHD, Autism, Anxiety) affirming child/adolescent clinician. I enjoy supporting parents (check out my mindful parenting podcast at WideAwakeParenting.com) and kids with in person DBT, CBT and play therapy tools. I also complete ADHD, Autism and Specific Learning Disorder evaluations to identify your child's cognitive and emotional profile and make social, emotional and educational recommendations. My favorite part of this work is getting to know your family. We will use your family's strengths and value system to create comfortable solutions for you and your child.
(707) 309-6688 View (707) 309-6688
Photo of Anne (Stephanie) Seveska, LMFT, CST, APCC, Marriage & Family Therapist
Anne (Stephanie) Seveska
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, APCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
We are complex; we go through iterations of ourselves. It's a healthy part of being human. My job is not to judge you but to make space to encourage your next iteration. In our lifetime we will be messy and beautiful; kind and mean; complicated and simple. We are allowed to change & grow - it's not always easy. I'm a straight shooter who will tell it like I see it and compassionately challenge you. You're not "too much" for me. I don't see your challenges as deficiencies, but rather as coping skills that are no longer working for you. I'm client focused and I allow you to set the pace, flow, and tone. I meet you where you are.
We are complex; we go through iterations of ourselves. It's a healthy part of being human. My job is not to judge you but to make space to encourage your next iteration. In our lifetime we will be messy and beautiful; kind and mean; complicated and simple. We are allowed to change & grow - it's not always easy. I'm a straight shooter who will tell it like I see it and compassionately challenge you. You're not "too much" for me. I don't see your challenges as deficiencies, but rather as coping skills that are no longer working for you. I'm client focused and I allow you to set the pace, flow, and tone. I meet you where you are.
(707) 610-0662 View (707) 610-0662
Photo of Jenny Shully, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jenny Shully
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
Finding the right counselor is like dating--you have to have chemistry, and someone you just "click" with. Building a solid, trusting, professional relationship is key, and I take great pleasure and pride in forming these connections with my clients. Whether you are dealing with a major traumatic event, or just need extra support, we can figure it out together. I like to say, "I will help give you the map, but I won't drive the car". I love empowering clients to make their own change; there is no better feeling on either side.
Finding the right counselor is like dating--you have to have chemistry, and someone you just "click" with. Building a solid, trusting, professional relationship is key, and I take great pleasure and pride in forming these connections with my clients. Whether you are dealing with a major traumatic event, or just need extra support, we can figure it out together. I like to say, "I will help give you the map, but I won't drive the car". I love empowering clients to make their own change; there is no better feeling on either side.
View
Photo of Ronda J Ivory, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Ronda J Ivory
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
Waitlist for new clients
I am happy you found me! I am a compassionate, genuine, culturally sensitive & experienced therapist. I have created and fostered a space for everyone respecting "authentically" who you are with honor, respect & acceptance. I provide counseling for individuals, couples, young adults, families and have a passion in working with our communities. I understand your challenges as we all have them. I can can help you in changing the things that make you feel “stuck” in order to fully experience YOUR life! Our past can shape us, but doesn’t have to define who we are.
I am happy you found me! I am a compassionate, genuine, culturally sensitive & experienced therapist. I have created and fostered a space for everyone respecting "authentically" who you are with honor, respect & acceptance. I provide counseling for individuals, couples, young adults, families and have a passion in working with our communities. I understand your challenges as we all have them. I can can help you in changing the things that make you feel “stuck” in order to fully experience YOUR life! Our past can shape us, but doesn’t have to define who we are.
(707) 289-6505 View (707) 289-6505
Photo of Pam Walton, MA, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pam Walton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
Welcome. I have over 24 years of experience as a therapist, and master's degrees in Clinical Psychology and Physiology. I also have over 30 years of experience teaching and practicing mindfulness, and a background in neuroscience research. If you are suffering from anxiety, anger, depression, trauma, addiction or family/marriage problems, I can help. I can take you beyond traditional talk-based therapy using experiential methods, to access and change emotional and behavioral patterns that keep you stuck. Please see my website for additional information on my training and experience.
Welcome. I have over 24 years of experience as a therapist, and master's degrees in Clinical Psychology and Physiology. I also have over 30 years of experience teaching and practicing mindfulness, and a background in neuroscience research. If you are suffering from anxiety, anger, depression, trauma, addiction or family/marriage problems, I can help. I can take you beyond traditional talk-based therapy using experiential methods, to access and change emotional and behavioral patterns that keep you stuck. Please see my website for additional information on my training and experience.
(707) 207-6036 View (707) 207-6036
Photo of Annie Barker, ACSW
Annie Barker
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
The richness of our human experience often includes psychological wounds that can fester, creating barriers to balanced functioning and harmonious relationships. Every person has the capacity for increasing life satisfaction and decreasing psychological suffering.
The richness of our human experience often includes psychological wounds that can fester, creating barriers to balanced functioning and harmonious relationships. Every person has the capacity for increasing life satisfaction and decreasing psychological suffering.
(707) 785-8220 View (707) 785-8220
Photo of Laura Boeschen Heffernan, PhD, Psychologist
Laura Boeschen Heffernan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
I provide empirically supported Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to adolescents and adults who suffer from symptoms of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, trauma, bereavement, and substance use. Setting clear goals and assessing progress toward these goals are an important part of the process. I feel successful when people walk away with concrete tools for managing their symptoms and increased confidence in their ability to do so. I also provide couples counseling, again focusing on behavioral tools and goals and assessing their effectiveness throughout the therapy process.
I provide empirically supported Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to adolescents and adults who suffer from symptoms of depression, anxiety, eating disorders, trauma, bereavement, and substance use. Setting clear goals and assessing progress toward these goals are an important part of the process. I feel successful when people walk away with concrete tools for managing their symptoms and increased confidence in their ability to do so. I also provide couples counseling, again focusing on behavioral tools and goals and assessing their effectiveness throughout the therapy process.
(707) 981-4951 View (707) 981-4951
Photo of Annette Henke - Annette Henke Psychotherapy, LCSW, ACHP-SW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Annette Henke Psychotherapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACHP-SW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
Many people come to me with prior experiences of therapy that were not helpful. This happens for many reasons but sometimes it's as simple as it wasn't the right fit. A wise mentor explained that "all human growth and healing takes place in the context of relationship, from infancy on". Therapy is a relationship of growth, change, healing. Many people are driven to therapy because of suffering in current or past relationship. Often the most challenging and hurtful relationship we have is the one with one's self. The "right" therapist is one that makes moving through this vulnerable process possible and bearable.
Many people come to me with prior experiences of therapy that were not helpful. This happens for many reasons but sometimes it's as simple as it wasn't the right fit. A wise mentor explained that "all human growth and healing takes place in the context of relationship, from infancy on". Therapy is a relationship of growth, change, healing. Many people are driven to therapy because of suffering in current or past relationship. Often the most challenging and hurtful relationship we have is the one with one's self. The "right" therapist is one that makes moving through this vulnerable process possible and bearable.
(707) 210-1849 View (707) 210-1849
Photo of Mika K Shiner, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mika K Shiner
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
Life and relationships: ever-changing and often challenging. I offer a safe and collaborative, therapeutic relationship, where you can expand your ability to improve the quality of your life and your relationships. I specialize in working with young adults, individuals, and couples. Therapy can provide understanding, relief from suffering, healthier relationships, and personal empowerment. Each person or couple benefits from therapy design specifically for them.
Life and relationships: ever-changing and often challenging. I offer a safe and collaborative, therapeutic relationship, where you can expand your ability to improve the quality of your life and your relationships. I specialize in working with young adults, individuals, and couples. Therapy can provide understanding, relief from suffering, healthier relationships, and personal empowerment. Each person or couple benefits from therapy design specifically for them.
(707) 418-9715 View (707) 418-9715
Photo of Danielle Parra, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Danielle Parra
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
Allowing yourself to experience self-compassion in all aspects of life can be profoundly important and not something that is usually taught in our society. I believe in teaching self compassion and self-love at a young age in order to have a more positive self-image and allowing more self-confidence to take place. I am passionate about empowering individuals and their families to find their voices in order to make the changes they want to make. Bringing compassion, empathy, and a multi-modality therapeutic approach allows for all of my clients and their families to feel empowered to make significant positive changes in their lives.
Allowing yourself to experience self-compassion in all aspects of life can be profoundly important and not something that is usually taught in our society. I believe in teaching self compassion and self-love at a young age in order to have a more positive self-image and allowing more self-confidence to take place. I am passionate about empowering individuals and their families to find their voices in order to make the changes they want to make. Bringing compassion, empathy, and a multi-modality therapeutic approach allows for all of my clients and their families to feel empowered to make significant positive changes in their lives.
(707) 593-5646 View (707) 593-5646
Photo of Donovan Scales, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Donovan Scales
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
"For many people it is difficult enough just committing to contact a therapist...but then, who is a good fit? Many of my clients indicate they appreciate my more 'active-therapist' approach. I offer effective solutions and provide feedback. With over 40 years of experience, I work with couples having communication challenges, those working through rebuilding trust, or ones who need improvement in their overall relationships. I also work extensively with individuals facing divorce, depression, or anxiety. Additionally I work with mature teens and young adults as they look to venture out into the world.
"For many people it is difficult enough just committing to contact a therapist...but then, who is a good fit? Many of my clients indicate they appreciate my more 'active-therapist' approach. I offer effective solutions and provide feedback. With over 40 years of experience, I work with couples having communication challenges, those working through rebuilding trust, or ones who need improvement in their overall relationships. I also work extensively with individuals facing divorce, depression, or anxiety. Additionally I work with mature teens and young adults as they look to venture out into the world.
(707) 595-2131 View (707) 595-2131
Photo of Sydnie Souza, MFTA, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Sydnie Souza
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFTA
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
Ensuring that you feel truly seen and heard is my primary goal. I am dedicated to providing compassionate support by helping individuals navigate their emotional well-being and relationships. Through therapy, a safe and non-judgmental space is created where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences without fear of criticism.
Ensuring that you feel truly seen and heard is my primary goal. I am dedicated to providing compassionate support by helping individuals navigate their emotional well-being and relationships. Through therapy, a safe and non-judgmental space is created where you can explore your thoughts, emotions, and experiences without fear of criticism.
(707) 348-5825 View (707) 348-5825
Photo of Tracy Hesse, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tracy Hesse
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Napa, CA 94559
I believe we all possess innate strengths and have the potential to thrive and live meaningful lives; however, sometimes we get stuck. Major changes, life stage transitions, and stressors can become overwhelming, exceed the ability to cope, and prompt individuals, couples, and families to seek outside support. These times also hold potential for healing and growth. I use a non-judgmental, culturally sensitive, attachment, and systems lens to view and explore issues impacting the person, couple, and family; and collaborate to explore possible solutions. I work with children, adolescents, and adults of all ages and in all life stages.
I believe we all possess innate strengths and have the potential to thrive and live meaningful lives; however, sometimes we get stuck. Major changes, life stage transitions, and stressors can become overwhelming, exceed the ability to cope, and prompt individuals, couples, and families to seek outside support. These times also hold potential for healing and growth. I use a non-judgmental, culturally sensitive, attachment, and systems lens to view and explore issues impacting the person, couple, and family; and collaborate to explore possible solutions. I work with children, adolescents, and adults of all ages and in all life stages.
(707) 668-7103 View (707) 668-7103
Photo of Anne Seveska -- Sex Therapist, LMFT, CST, MA, KAP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Anne Seveska -- Sex Therapist
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST, MA, KAP
Verified Verified
Napa, CA 94559
As a holistic therapist I believe that sexual desire, body responsiveness, and sexual functioning are all part of larger picture. In fact, I believe that we cannot separate our sexuality from our core identity. Sexuality is part of our life vitality, whether we are on the asexual spectrum, are highly sexual, or are drawn to sex as a way to fill another void we don't yet understand. I am a certified sex therapist (CST), a licensed marriage and family therapist (LMFT), a certified ketamine assisted psychotherapist (KAP), and a somatic therapist. I will look at your needs from all angles so we can co-create a way forward together.
As a holistic therapist I believe that sexual desire, body responsiveness, and sexual functioning are all part of larger picture. In fact, I believe that we cannot separate our sexuality from our core identity. Sexuality is part of our life vitality, whether we are on the asexual spectrum, are highly sexual, or are drawn to sex as a way to fill another void we don't yet understand. I am a certified sex therapist (CST), a licensed marriage and family therapist (LMFT), a certified ketamine assisted psychotherapist (KAP), and a somatic therapist. I will look at your needs from all angles so we can co-create a way forward together.
(707) 379-9511 View (707) 379-9511
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 94559

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in 94559 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
78% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
68% Grief
68% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

46% Other
44% Beacon Health Options | Carelon
41% Aetna

How Therapists in 94559 see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
13% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 94559?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.