Photo of J Michael Russell, PhD, PsyD, NCC, Licensed Psychoanalyst
J Michael Russell
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD, PsyD, NCC
Not Verified Not Verified
Brea, CA 92823
I mainly work with clients who are "psychologically minded" and interested in examining long-standing personality traits that may get in the way of having fulfilling personal and professional lives. Often my clients are therapists or aspiring therapists. I am an Emeritus Professor and a "Research Psychoanalyst." That means I have a PhD in Philosophy and have also trained in counseling and acquired a PsyD in Psychoanalysis. What I offer draws from this mix of backgrounds. I most like working with individuals (and couples and groups) who want to be challenged on both an intellectual and an emotional level.
I mainly work with clients who are "psychologically minded" and interested in examining long-standing personality traits that may get in the way of having fulfilling personal and professional lives. Often my clients are therapists or aspiring therapists. I am an Emeritus Professor and a "Research Psychoanalyst." That means I have a PhD in Philosophy and have also trained in counseling and acquired a PsyD in Psychoanalysis. What I offer draws from this mix of backgrounds. I most like working with individuals (and couples and groups) who want to be challenged on both an intellectual and an emotional level.
(714) 497-3917 View (714) 497-3917
Photo of Laura Laird, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laura Laird
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist licensed in California with over 9 years experience. I am passionate about and enjoy working with adults, to help them with the challenges they face, including unresolved trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship issues or whatever is holding you back. I have vast therapeutic and life experiences that help me better understand what you are going through and how to help you. Life is difficult, complicated and at times even traumatic, but it can also be filled with great joy and fulfillment.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist licensed in California with over 9 years experience. I am passionate about and enjoy working with adults, to help them with the challenges they face, including unresolved trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship issues or whatever is holding you back. I have vast therapeutic and life experiences that help me better understand what you are going through and how to help you. Life is difficult, complicated and at times even traumatic, but it can also be filled with great joy and fulfillment.
(657) 300-2339 View (657) 300-2339
Photo of Cathy Ballenger, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Cathy Ballenger
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Therapy. That can be a pretty scary idea. For some there's still a stigma attached to pursuing professional counseling...you have to be crazy, right? Believe it or not, the healthiest, most courageous people I know are in counseling. Why? People in counseling recognize that there is a problem, are willing to work hard to find a solution, and aren't afraid to get their hands dirty in the process. I can't promise you that therapy is easy but I can promise I'll get my hands dirty right along with you. Make the investment in yourself today.
Therapy. That can be a pretty scary idea. For some there's still a stigma attached to pursuing professional counseling...you have to be crazy, right? Believe it or not, the healthiest, most courageous people I know are in counseling. Why? People in counseling recognize that there is a problem, are willing to work hard to find a solution, and aren't afraid to get their hands dirty in the process. I can't promise you that therapy is easy but I can promise I'll get my hands dirty right along with you. Make the investment in yourself today.
(714) 989-6955 View (714) 989-6955
Josephine (Jo) McAulay
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
In my private practice in Fullerton. I confidentially counsel individuals, couples, and families with a wide variety of emotional needs. I will encourage you to explore alternative solutions to your challenges and to constructively use your many different life experiences to help develop your inner strenghts. It is common to become very emotionally involve with, or completely detached from, those who are close to us. If you have felt angry, frustrated, sad, lonely, or discourage with life and relationships, you could benefit from my personalized therapeutic counseling. Don't let what has happened to you in the past prevent you from moving forward. let me help you.
In my private practice in Fullerton. I confidentially counsel individuals, couples, and families with a wide variety of emotional needs. I will encourage you to explore alternative solutions to your challenges and to constructively use your many different life experiences to help develop your inner strenghts. It is common to become very emotionally involve with, or completely detached from, those who are close to us. If you have felt angry, frustrated, sad, lonely, or discourage with life and relationships, you could benefit from my personalized therapeutic counseling. Don't let what has happened to you in the past prevent you from moving forward. let me help you.
(714) 987-9707 View (714) 987-9707
Photo of Christopher M Williams - Renovari Counseling, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Renovari Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Brea, CA 92823
Mental, emotional and relational struggles negatively impact the most important parts of our lives; ourselves and the relationships that mean the most to us. Often these struggles show up in feeling depressed, anxious, overwhelmed or stuck in painful relationships and unhealthy behaviors and patterns. Discovering mental, emotional and relational health is essential to recovery ourselves and build healthy and strong relationships for a fulfilling life.
Mental, emotional and relational struggles negatively impact the most important parts of our lives; ourselves and the relationships that mean the most to us. Often these struggles show up in feeling depressed, anxious, overwhelmed or stuck in painful relationships and unhealthy behaviors and patterns. Discovering mental, emotional and relational health is essential to recovery ourselves and build healthy and strong relationships for a fulfilling life.
(714) 248-0598 View (714) 248-0598
Photo of Dr. Diane Dani Smith, EdD, LMFT, CAATS, Faculty, Mediate, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Diane Dani Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, EdD, LMFT, CAATS, Faculty, Mediate
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
My primary goal is to help you take control of your life. I have been in practice for more than 25 years & I would love to help you build healthier relationships, repair broken ones, improve communication and intimacy. I have experience helping clients handle stress and heal from trauma. Research shows that much unhappiness, many symptoms of depression and anxiety (along with resentment and anger) can be reduced or alleviated. By understanding our past and acquiring effective skills we CAN change our life. We can't change our history or others. We can change how we see life, take control of our life and find peace and happiness.
My primary goal is to help you take control of your life. I have been in practice for more than 25 years & I would love to help you build healthier relationships, repair broken ones, improve communication and intimacy. I have experience helping clients handle stress and heal from trauma. Research shows that much unhappiness, many symptoms of depression and anxiety (along with resentment and anger) can be reduced or alleviated. By understanding our past and acquiring effective skills we CAN change our life. We can't change our history or others. We can change how we see life, take control of our life and find peace and happiness.
(714) 888-4487 View (714) 888-4487
Photo of Mary E Eason, PhD, Psychologist
Mary E Eason
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
I know that life can be stressful, even for the strongest person. If you are feeling overwhelmed, stressed, or just in need of someone to listen, please call. My goal would be to help you maximize your potential and remove any obstacles that are interfering with your happiness. I believe that by supporting and empowering you, you can change your world.
I know that life can be stressful, even for the strongest person. If you are feeling overwhelmed, stressed, or just in need of someone to listen, please call. My goal would be to help you maximize your potential and remove any obstacles that are interfering with your happiness. I believe that by supporting and empowering you, you can change your world.
(714) 681-1801 View (714) 681-1801
Photo of Yuki Frazier Lmft Emdr Certified, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Yuki Frazier Lmft Emdr Certified
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823  (Online Only)
Finding the right therapist can be confusing, frustrating and at times frightening. I encourage you to interview various therapists until you find the one therapist you feel most comfortable with. My mission is to help you empower yourself by uncovering past traumas that block your ability to live a quality life. Every issue will be handled with sensitivity, respect and professionalism. I have over 15 years of experience treating clients suffering from depression, anxieties, PTSD, family and marital issues, addiction, physically & sexually abused victims and various trauma victims.
Finding the right therapist can be confusing, frustrating and at times frightening. I encourage you to interview various therapists until you find the one therapist you feel most comfortable with. My mission is to help you empower yourself by uncovering past traumas that block your ability to live a quality life. Every issue will be handled with sensitivity, respect and professionalism. I have over 15 years of experience treating clients suffering from depression, anxieties, PTSD, family and marital issues, addiction, physically & sexually abused victims and various trauma victims.
(310) 403-7143 View (310) 403-7143
Photo of Jennifer Friend, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Friend
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brea, CA 92823  (Online Only)
Are you looking for a safe place where you can talk through difficult emotions, discover and eliminate troubling symptoms and improve your sense of well-being? If so, welcome! With over 14 years of trusted experience, I’ve helped those who’ve experienced stress, anxiety, depression, fatigue, trauma, abuse, and addiction. Your decision to enter therapy is proven to be worth the effort!
Are you looking for a safe place where you can talk through difficult emotions, discover and eliminate troubling symptoms and improve your sense of well-being? If so, welcome! With over 14 years of trusted experience, I’ve helped those who’ve experienced stress, anxiety, depression, fatigue, trauma, abuse, and addiction. Your decision to enter therapy is proven to be worth the effort!
(949) 353-5879 View (949) 353-5879
Photo of Amber Allen, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amber Allen
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Welcome to Life Stance! It is my honor and privilege to work as a licensed clinical professional that can meet your needs for quality psychological care. It takes a lot of courage to seek quality mental health care, and I invite you to take a deep breath and allow me to support you in your journey towards mental healing. I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist that has practiced psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and families since 2005. I believe that every individual has the right to integrate their mind, body and soul to make up an authentic being and maintain quality relationship with others.
Welcome to Life Stance! It is my honor and privilege to work as a licensed clinical professional that can meet your needs for quality psychological care. It takes a lot of courage to seek quality mental health care, and I invite you to take a deep breath and allow me to support you in your journey towards mental healing. I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist that has practiced psychotherapy to individuals, couples, and families since 2005. I believe that every individual has the right to integrate their mind, body and soul to make up an authentic being and maintain quality relationship with others.
(657) 837-3994 View (657) 837-3994
Photo of Laura Cisneros, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Laura Cisneros
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Let's do this together. Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or experiencing a flood of emotions? Throughout my experience, I have learned how to be reflective, curious, and emphatic. Sometimes we just need to be heard and validated. I provide a safe non-judgmental space for clients where they can express and be their true selves. I am supportive and believe everyone has inner strengths. My experience as a therapist has taught me that we are resilient and have inner undiscovered coping skills that have gone unseen. I am eclectic and explore childhood experiences that tend to follow us through adulthood.
Let's do this together. Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or experiencing a flood of emotions? Throughout my experience, I have learned how to be reflective, curious, and emphatic. Sometimes we just need to be heard and validated. I provide a safe non-judgmental space for clients where they can express and be their true selves. I am supportive and believe everyone has inner strengths. My experience as a therapist has taught me that we are resilient and have inner undiscovered coping skills that have gone unseen. I am eclectic and explore childhood experiences that tend to follow us through adulthood.
(657) 837-3675 View (657) 837-3675
Photo of Mindy Eng, PsyD, Psychologist
Mindy Eng
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Shu works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Shu believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
Shu works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Shu believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
(657) 530-6960 View (657) 530-6960
Photo of Hope Kim, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hope Kim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Dr. Hope Kim is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2008. She has a Master of Social Work from California State University in Long Beach and a Ph.D. in Child and Family Studies from Syracuse University. Dr. Hope works with individuals and their families to identify and work through barriers currently affecting the individual's and family's functioning capacity. She strives to help the client see where they are at, accept the way they are, and make a positive change to grow at their own pace.
Dr. Hope Kim is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2008. She has a Master of Social Work from California State University in Long Beach and a Ph.D. in Child and Family Studies from Syracuse University. Dr. Hope works with individuals and their families to identify and work through barriers currently affecting the individual's and family's functioning capacity. She strives to help the client see where they are at, accept the way they are, and make a positive change to grow at their own pace.
(657) 332-2582 View (657) 332-2582
Photo of Tamara Noriega, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tamara Noriega
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Licensed Marriage and Family therapy for over 4 years and experience in mental health field for over 20 years. Experience in treating patient's who struggle with life challenges, including depression, substance abuse anxiety, OCD, PTSD, and relational difficulties. Utilizing a client centered approach with individualized treatment plan to meet client's personalized needs.
Licensed Marriage and Family therapy for over 4 years and experience in mental health field for over 20 years. Experience in treating patient's who struggle with life challenges, including depression, substance abuse anxiety, OCD, PTSD, and relational difficulties. Utilizing a client centered approach with individualized treatment plan to meet client's personalized needs.
(657) 837-3626 View (657) 837-3626
Photo of Jo Christine Pattugala, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jo Christine Pattugala
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Jo works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Jo believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
Jo works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Jo believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
(657) 530-5208 View (657) 530-5208
Photo of Gema Diaz, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gema Diaz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Gema Diaz is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California with more than five years of experience. She obtained her Bachelor in Psychology from California State University of Fullerton and her Master in Marriage and Family Therapy from University of Phoenix. Gema believes in helping others who are seeking healing within their own individual hardships or their relationships. She is sensitive to the cultural values and views of others. Gema centers her practice to individual needs and their preferred identity.
Gema Diaz is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California with more than five years of experience. She obtained her Bachelor in Psychology from California State University of Fullerton and her Master in Marriage and Family Therapy from University of Phoenix. Gema believes in helping others who are seeking healing within their own individual hardships or their relationships. She is sensitive to the cultural values and views of others. Gema centers her practice to individual needs and their preferred identity.
(657) 300-1434 View (657) 300-1434
Photo of Sinthia Serrato, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sinthia Serrato
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823  (Online Only)
I have worked in the mental health field for over 7 years. I have worked with young children, teens, adults, and older adults. I have experience treating trauma, anxiety, depression, parenting difficulties, and postpartum depression/anxiety. I utilize a combination of client centered therapy and Cognitive Behavioral therapy. I believe that in order to find the root of your symptoms, you need a safe place to do so. My main goal is to build a strong therapeutic relationship with my patients. Patients will not allow themselves to go to a vulnerable place if they do not feel safe.
I have worked in the mental health field for over 7 years. I have worked with young children, teens, adults, and older adults. I have experience treating trauma, anxiety, depression, parenting difficulties, and postpartum depression/anxiety. I utilize a combination of client centered therapy and Cognitive Behavioral therapy. I believe that in order to find the root of your symptoms, you need a safe place to do so. My main goal is to build a strong therapeutic relationship with my patients. Patients will not allow themselves to go to a vulnerable place if they do not feel safe.
(657) 837-6161 View (657) 837-6161
Photo of Caroline Chow, Marriage & Family Therapist
Caroline Chow
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823  (Online Only)
Caroline Chow is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing since 2016. She graduated from UC Irvine with a B.A. in Cognitive Psychology and National University with a M. A. in Counseling Psychology. Caroline believes in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to address a variety of mood disorders and emotional hardships associated with difficult life events and transitions. Her main areas of focus include depression, anxiety, adolescents, and family therapy. In her spare time, Caroline enjoys spending time outdoors with her dog, cooking new recipes, and practicing yoga.
Caroline Chow is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, who has been practicing since 2016. She graduated from UC Irvine with a B.A. in Cognitive Psychology and National University with a M. A. in Counseling Psychology. Caroline believes in Dialectical Behavioral Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to address a variety of mood disorders and emotional hardships associated with difficult life events and transitions. Her main areas of focus include depression, anxiety, adolescents, and family therapy. In her spare time, Caroline enjoys spending time outdoors with her dog, cooking new recipes, and practicing yoga.
(657) 530-6693 View (657) 530-6693
Photo of Jackie Parke, PsyD, Psychologist
Jackie Parke
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brea, CA 92823
Not accepting new clients
High school and college should be times of joy, peace, purpose, and growth. Maybe you’re smart, take challenging classes, and get good grades, but you're being held back by anxiety, depression, or trauma. It can be a big relief to find someone you can have judgement-free conversations with. People tend to say they feel safe with me and that they feel more peaceful after we talk. I'll help you move forward and take the next steps in your friendships, education, job, or career.
High school and college should be times of joy, peace, purpose, and growth. Maybe you’re smart, take challenging classes, and get good grades, but you're being held back by anxiety, depression, or trauma. It can be a big relief to find someone you can have judgement-free conversations with. People tend to say they feel safe with me and that they feel more peaceful after we talk. I'll help you move forward and take the next steps in your friendships, education, job, or career.
View
Photo of Huong Ly Butel, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Huong Ly Butel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Brea, CA 92823
Huong Ly Butel is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2000. She has a BS in Human Services and an MSW in Social Work. Huong gratefully has been in the field of medical social work for more than 20+ years, with the last 15 years spent as the Director of Social Services in a skilled nursing post-acute rehab facility. She has extensive experience working with clients and their families, who present with biopsychosocial challenges impacted by mental and behavioral health issues.
Huong Ly Butel is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California who has been practicing since 2000. She has a BS in Human Services and an MSW in Social Work. Huong gratefully has been in the field of medical social work for more than 20+ years, with the last 15 years spent as the Director of Social Services in a skilled nursing post-acute rehab facility. She has extensive experience working with clients and their families, who present with biopsychosocial challenges impacted by mental and behavioral health issues.
(657) 530-6495 View (657) 530-6495
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See more therapy options for 92823

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 92823

30+

Average cost per session

$170

Therapists in 92823 who prioritize treating:

94% Depression
94% Anxiety
77% Grief
69% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
40% ADHD
37% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

88% Other
80% Aetna
80% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 92823 see their clients

86% In Person and Online
14% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 92823?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.