Photo of Laura Shames, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Shames
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
How long have you ignored your inner voice? How long have you let fear of the unknown get in your way? If your answer is "Too Long" then you have reached the right place. Stop living someone else's life and start living your life the way you dreamed of. Fully express your true self. Live a life where your inside deepest beliefs match how you live on the outside.
How long have you ignored your inner voice? How long have you let fear of the unknown get in your way? If your answer is "Too Long" then you have reached the right place. Stop living someone else's life and start living your life the way you dreamed of. Fully express your true self. Live a life where your inside deepest beliefs match how you live on the outside.
(760) 273-4290 View (760) 273-4290
Shari Gilbert
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
If you are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief and loss, difficulty in relationships or other concerns, and you are looking for counseling from a Christian worldview and framework, I would be honored to speak with you. I have seen clients experience relief from depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relational difficulties, and other concerns, to regain a sense of hope in their lives. I have seen marriages improve and clients begin a spiritual journey or get re-established in their faith to lead joyful, changed lives.
If you are experiencing anxiety, depression, grief and loss, difficulty in relationships or other concerns, and you are looking for counseling from a Christian worldview and framework, I would be honored to speak with you. I have seen clients experience relief from depression, anxiety, grief and loss, relational difficulties, and other concerns, to regain a sense of hope in their lives. I have seen marriages improve and clients begin a spiritual journey or get re-established in their faith to lead joyful, changed lives.
(442) 218-3838 View (442) 218-3838
Photo of Patty Oneal, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Patty Oneal
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Not accepting new clients
One of my favorite quotes is from Einstein when he stated that "we cannot solve our problems by the same mind that created them." Many problems are the result of faulty thinking that arises from a history of abuse, low self esteem, and difficult relationships. My goal is to help you become free of the emotional and mental conditioning that keeps you stuck in old patterns that don't work in your life. I work with adults, teens and couples to help them learn to live in joy rather than suffering.
One of my favorite quotes is from Einstein when he stated that "we cannot solve our problems by the same mind that created them." Many problems are the result of faulty thinking that arises from a history of abuse, low self esteem, and difficult relationships. My goal is to help you become free of the emotional and mental conditioning that keeps you stuck in old patterns that don't work in your life. I work with adults, teens and couples to help them learn to live in joy rather than suffering.
(760) 545-4532 View (760) 545-4532
Photo of Jennifer Michelle Palmer, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Michelle Palmer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
I want every person to know that seeking help and taking the first steps toward recovery, healing and change takes courage and strength. My own journey and experiences led me into the field of marriage and family therapy where I have the honor to walk alongside others with compassion, empathy and guidance. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders in adolescents and adults. I also hold experience and knowledge in working with families and individuals struggling through grief, life transitions and relationships.
I want every person to know that seeking help and taking the first steps toward recovery, healing and change takes courage and strength. My own journey and experiences led me into the field of marriage and family therapy where I have the honor to walk alongside others with compassion, empathy and guidance. I specialize in the treatment of eating disorders, anxiety, depression and co-occurring disorders in adolescents and adults. I also hold experience and knowledge in working with families and individuals struggling through grief, life transitions and relationships.
(760) 621-7154 View (760) 621-7154
Photo of Lori Beth Kaplan, PhD, Psychologist
Lori Beth Kaplan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
My ideal client is an adult, child or teenager struggling with ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, relationship and Identity issues. In childhood or adolescence there may be behavioral, academic or social issues that are limiting success and happiness. Today's world is challenging with increased stressors and isolation. Adults may try to mask their struggles or feel stuck in the same pattern of behavior. Parents want their children or teenagers to maximize their potential and grow into fulfilled adults.
My ideal client is an adult, child or teenager struggling with ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, relationship and Identity issues. In childhood or adolescence there may be behavioral, academic or social issues that are limiting success and happiness. Today's world is challenging with increased stressors and isolation. Adults may try to mask their struggles or feel stuck in the same pattern of behavior. Parents want their children or teenagers to maximize their potential and grow into fulfilled adults.
(510) 849-6760 View (510) 849-6760
Photo of Jason Richardson, MBA, PsyD, Psychologist
Jason Richardson
Psychologist, MBA, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
I work with clients who value making an investment in themselves and their personal/professional development. Entrepreneurs, executives, athletes, and professional in a high-velocity environment are often a great fit for my style and focus. The work is often based on teaching you tools for better concentration, confidence, ability to focus on the task, stress/anxiety/mood management, and right-sizing your social support. Effective goal-setting strategies (beyond SMART goals), managing distractions, managing triggers, and true leadership development are also common themes in the work that my clients I work on together.
I work with clients who value making an investment in themselves and their personal/professional development. Entrepreneurs, executives, athletes, and professional in a high-velocity environment are often a great fit for my style and focus. The work is often based on teaching you tools for better concentration, confidence, ability to focus on the task, stress/anxiety/mood management, and right-sizing your social support. Effective goal-setting strategies (beyond SMART goals), managing distractions, managing triggers, and true leadership development are also common themes in the work that my clients I work on together.
(442) 246-9328 View (442) 246-9328
Photo of Carissa Smith, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Carissa Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Hello, my name is Carissa Smith (LMFT130892). The therapeutic journey is the most important aspect of therapy, and I am always honored to assist clients with that journey in any way I can. People are complex, diverse, and interesting, and based on my experience, are just trying to do the best they can. I am comfortable with adult individuals (18+) across the lifespan. A true passion of mine is working with couples though.
Hello, my name is Carissa Smith (LMFT130892). The therapeutic journey is the most important aspect of therapy, and I am always honored to assist clients with that journey in any way I can. People are complex, diverse, and interesting, and based on my experience, are just trying to do the best they can. I am comfortable with adult individuals (18+) across the lifespan. A true passion of mine is working with couples though.
(442) 256-9280 View (442) 256-9280
Photo of Pamela Tanis, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Pamela Tanis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Welcome! My name is Pamela Tanis, and I have been a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist for the past six years. My approach is warm, compassionate, and supportive, and I hold a safe space for my clients to express themselves as they work through challenges. I tend to use cognitive behavioral therapy, which looks at how thoughts connect to behavior and produce actions. I also use a psychodynamic approach, reality-based therapy, and brief solution-focused. A mix of these modalities helps bring in the focus of challenges to work through.
Welcome! My name is Pamela Tanis, and I have been a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist for the past six years. My approach is warm, compassionate, and supportive, and I hold a safe space for my clients to express themselves as they work through challenges. I tend to use cognitive behavioral therapy, which looks at how thoughts connect to behavior and produce actions. I also use a psychodynamic approach, reality-based therapy, and brief solution-focused. A mix of these modalities helps bring in the focus of challenges to work through.
(442) 435-0960 View (442) 435-0960
Photo of Amy J Cubbison - EMDR Encinitad, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
EMDR Encinitad
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Has the pandemic negatively affected your mental health, relationships or addiction? If so, you are not alone and I’m here to help. I am a true believer that we shouldn't wait until things get really bad in order to seek help and tending to our emotional needs is just as important as taking care of our physical health. My work experience includes working in hospice and palliative care, addiction recovery centers as well as private practice, so I have had the opportunity to work with people from all walks of life at different stages in their lives. My approach is client-centered, I utilize various modalities, adapting to each person.
Has the pandemic negatively affected your mental health, relationships or addiction? If so, you are not alone and I’m here to help. I am a true believer that we shouldn't wait until things get really bad in order to seek help and tending to our emotional needs is just as important as taking care of our physical health. My work experience includes working in hospice and palliative care, addiction recovery centers as well as private practice, so I have had the opportunity to work with people from all walks of life at different stages in their lives. My approach is client-centered, I utilize various modalities, adapting to each person.
(760) 350-3427 View (760) 350-3427
Photo of Nora Jenkins - Drug Rehabs Carlsbad | Drug Rehabs San Diego, CADC l, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Drug Rehabs Carlsbad | Drug Rehabs San Diego
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADC l
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Inpatient drug rehabs Carlsbad and drug rehabs San Diego for inpatient substance abuse medical care accepting most insurances like TRICARE. This inpatient drug rehabs San Diego alcohol addiction treatment centers with alcohol and drug detox centers in Escondido, California. HGR drug rehabs has a full continuum of care. We are evidence based and connect our clients to 12-step teachings. Credentialed and experience therapists provide individual and group counseling. The drug rehabs Carlsbad protocol includes family engagement in the process. If you are looking for inpatient drug rehabs California or in Escondido, CA give us a call.
Inpatient drug rehabs Carlsbad and drug rehabs San Diego for inpatient substance abuse medical care accepting most insurances like TRICARE. This inpatient drug rehabs San Diego alcohol addiction treatment centers with alcohol and drug detox centers in Escondido, California. HGR drug rehabs has a full continuum of care. We are evidence based and connect our clients to 12-step teachings. Credentialed and experience therapists provide individual and group counseling. The drug rehabs Carlsbad protocol includes family engagement in the process. If you are looking for inpatient drug rehabs California or in Escondido, CA give us a call.
(442) 245-8034 View (442) 245-8034
Photo of Melissa Parr, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melissa Parr
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
I'm Melissa Parr and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with a master's degree in psychology. I am interested in helping others gain understanding and insight about themselves and how to manage their internal worlds, especially during times of anxiety or transition. My approach is collaborative and client-centered, and I see the client-therapist relationship as being a means for change. I use a variety of techniques and approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, and Attachment Theory.
I'm Melissa Parr and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with a master's degree in psychology. I am interested in helping others gain understanding and insight about themselves and how to manage their internal worlds, especially during times of anxiety or transition. My approach is collaborative and client-centered, and I see the client-therapist relationship as being a means for change. I use a variety of techniques and approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, and Attachment Theory.
(760) 760-4153 View (760) 760-4153
Photo of Kathyann Pierre, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathyann Pierre
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Hi, I am Kathyann Natalie Pierre, LMFT. It is my belief that our quality of life is directly related to the quality of relationships, ability to maintain relationships, life experiences, and knowledge we gain from our experiences. My use of different therapeutic approaches is based on the individual needs of my clients and on their unique circumstances.
Hi, I am Kathyann Natalie Pierre, LMFT. It is my belief that our quality of life is directly related to the quality of relationships, ability to maintain relationships, life experiences, and knowledge we gain from our experiences. My use of different therapeutic approaches is based on the individual needs of my clients and on their unique circumstances.
(442) 264-0647 View (442) 264-0647
Photo of Mayra Molina, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mayra Molina
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
My name is Mayra Molina. I am a licensed Marriage and Family therapist in California. I provide services in Spanish. I have experience working with victims of crime, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, substance use, stress management, coping skills as well as developmental disabilities such as Autism. I allow my client to process as I support them by meeting you where you are to identify tools that would help improve your quality of life while better managing your symptoms. I help my clients identify goals in their first sessions and we revisit goals as needed as well as following each client's treatment plan.
My name is Mayra Molina. I am a licensed Marriage and Family therapist in California. I provide services in Spanish. I have experience working with victims of crime, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, substance use, stress management, coping skills as well as developmental disabilities such as Autism. I allow my client to process as I support them by meeting you where you are to identify tools that would help improve your quality of life while better managing your symptoms. I help my clients identify goals in their first sessions and we revisit goals as needed as well as following each client's treatment plan.
(442) 777-6670 View (442) 777-6670
Photo of Natalie Murry, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Natalie Murry
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
If you're reading this, chances are you're seeking agency and understanding on your journey toward emotional well-being and healthier relationships. I want you to know that you've come to the right place! As a trauma-informed clinician with 15 years of experience in the mental health field, I am here to offer you a unique therapeutic approach that integrates spirituality and psychological principles into your healing journey. Whether you're dealing with the aftermath of a traumatic event, battling anxiety or depression, struggling in your relationships, or feeling overwhelmed by life's transitions, I am here to provide support.
If you're reading this, chances are you're seeking agency and understanding on your journey toward emotional well-being and healthier relationships. I want you to know that you've come to the right place! As a trauma-informed clinician with 15 years of experience in the mental health field, I am here to offer you a unique therapeutic approach that integrates spirituality and psychological principles into your healing journey. Whether you're dealing with the aftermath of a traumatic event, battling anxiety or depression, struggling in your relationships, or feeling overwhelmed by life's transitions, I am here to provide support.
(323) 433-5690 View (323) 433-5690
Photo of Mark Chaney-Gay, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mark Chaney-Gay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Hello. My name is Mark. I am a gay, disabled therapist (licensed clinical social worker, LCSW). I believe that we all have the strengths to overcome or cope with the challenges we face, we might just need a little support. I work with a wide range of clients, but I have a passion for those with disabilities, those with foster care experience, and those in the LGBTQI community. I work with clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, and life transitions. While in session with me you can expect a direct and empathetic approach.
Hello. My name is Mark. I am a gay, disabled therapist (licensed clinical social worker, LCSW). I believe that we all have the strengths to overcome or cope with the challenges we face, we might just need a little support. I work with a wide range of clients, but I have a passion for those with disabilities, those with foster care experience, and those in the LGBTQI community. I work with clients facing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, and life transitions. While in session with me you can expect a direct and empathetic approach.
(442) 233-8249 View (442) 233-8249
Photo of Josh Garcia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Josh Garcia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Hi there, thanks for exploring this page. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working in Northern San Diego, CA. I feel grateful for the opportunity to help build resilience and process events. I believe that these are divisive and difficult times, and I aim to provide services that are inclusive and validating. I have previously worked as a Psychiatric Emergency Response Team Clinician with local Law Enforcement, a Group Practice Therapist, and as Qualified Mental Health Professional with the County of San Diego. I am proud of my training and experiences, and am humbled and inspired to know that learning never stops.
Hi there, thanks for exploring this page. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker working in Northern San Diego, CA. I feel grateful for the opportunity to help build resilience and process events. I believe that these are divisive and difficult times, and I aim to provide services that are inclusive and validating. I have previously worked as a Psychiatric Emergency Response Team Clinician with local Law Enforcement, a Group Practice Therapist, and as Qualified Mental Health Professional with the County of San Diego. I am proud of my training and experiences, and am humbled and inspired to know that learning never stops.
(760) 647-8538 View (760) 647-8538
Photo of Paul Miller, PhD, Psychologist
Paul Miller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
If you want to feel better as quickly as possible, feel more energy, motivation and more connected to oneself and others, developing an overall richer experience of life, talk to someone who can help you increase your self-esteem and confidence through a warm, personal relationship that involves direct and effective communication. I have 41 years of experience with individuals, couples and families.
If you want to feel better as quickly as possible, feel more energy, motivation and more connected to oneself and others, developing an overall richer experience of life, talk to someone who can help you increase your self-esteem and confidence through a warm, personal relationship that involves direct and effective communication. I have 41 years of experience with individuals, couples and families.
(925) 238-3921 View (925) 238-3921
Photo of Tracie Leigh Kulakowski, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Tracie Leigh Kulakowski
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
Welcome to a safe space for healing and growth. I'm Tracie, a dedicated and compassionate trauma-informed psychotherapist committed to supporting adults on their journey toward recovery and empowerment. With a wealth of experience in mental health, I specialize in trauma-informed care, recognizing the profound impact that past experiences can have on our present lives. My approach is rooted in empathy, understanding, and a deep commitment to fostering a therapeutic relationship built on trust. I believe in the strength and resilience inherent in each individual.
Welcome to a safe space for healing and growth. I'm Tracie, a dedicated and compassionate trauma-informed psychotherapist committed to supporting adults on their journey toward recovery and empowerment. With a wealth of experience in mental health, I specialize in trauma-informed care, recognizing the profound impact that past experiences can have on our present lives. My approach is rooted in empathy, understanding, and a deep commitment to fostering a therapeutic relationship built on trust. I believe in the strength and resilience inherent in each individual.
(442) 250-1814 View (442) 250-1814
Photo of Judy B Weiss, PhD, Psychologist
Judy B Weiss
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Carlsbad, CA 92009  (Online Only)
I view psychotherapy as a human relationship. The most fundamental part of my work is to enable you to feel supported and understood, and to trust that together, we can understand the issues you raise. I will listen carefully, try to ask the right questions, and offer my input when appropriate. I’ll encourage and guide you to see your present difficulties not only in light of current circumstances, but also to understand them within the framework of your past experiences.
I view psychotherapy as a human relationship. The most fundamental part of my work is to enable you to feel supported and understood, and to trust that together, we can understand the issues you raise. I will listen carefully, try to ask the right questions, and offer my input when appropriate. I’ll encourage and guide you to see your present difficulties not only in light of current circumstances, but also to understand them within the framework of your past experiences.
(442) 239-4523 View (442) 239-4523
Photo of Julia Maushart, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Julia Maushart
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Therapy is one of the bravest and best investments in yourself that you will ever make. Personal awareness, emotional freedom, and a better understanding of what makes you who you are, will improve your happiness, relationships, career, and overall sense self-worth. Whether you are you going through a challenging time and feeling lost or ready to make some changes and don't know where to start, I can help. Wherever you are is where we will begin. Therapy is a zero-judgement zone for you to be completely authentic, to thrive, and to become the best version of you.
Therapy is one of the bravest and best investments in yourself that you will ever make. Personal awareness, emotional freedom, and a better understanding of what makes you who you are, will improve your happiness, relationships, career, and overall sense self-worth. Whether you are you going through a challenging time and feeling lost or ready to make some changes and don't know where to start, I can help. Wherever you are is where we will begin. Therapy is a zero-judgement zone for you to be completely authentic, to thrive, and to become the best version of you.
(442) 200-1799 View (442) 200-1799
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 92009

200+

Average cost per session

$165

Therapists in 92009 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
68% Coping Skills
68% Stress
67% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
67% Cigna and Evernorth
52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 92009 see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
16% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 92009?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.