Photo of Kathryn Saldana, PhD, Psychologist
Kathryn Saldana
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
My training is in both medical and clinical mental health settings where I have gained an expertise in working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, sleep concerns and insomnia, chronic pain and other chronic illness adjustment difficulties. I also have a passion for working with mothers and women who are pregnant or postpartum and are looking for support through these critical life stages.
My training is in both medical and clinical mental health settings where I have gained an expertise in working with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, sleep concerns and insomnia, chronic pain and other chronic illness adjustment difficulties. I also have a passion for working with mothers and women who are pregnant or postpartum and are looking for support through these critical life stages.
(424) 414-7536 View (424) 414-7536
Photo of Foresteen Forbes Psyd, PsyD, Psychologist
Foresteen Forbes Psyd
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
Are you feeling isolated and lonely, struggling to forge meaningful connections? Do you find it challenging to assert your needs or set boundaries with friends and family? If self-doubt, negative self-talk, or feelings of inadequacy are affecting your daily life, you’re not alone. Anxiety and depression can cast a shadow over your well-being and self-esteem.
Are you feeling isolated and lonely, struggling to forge meaningful connections? Do you find it challenging to assert your needs or set boundaries with friends and family? If self-doubt, negative self-talk, or feelings of inadequacy are affecting your daily life, you’re not alone. Anxiety and depression can cast a shadow over your well-being and self-esteem.
(323) 880-2849 View (323) 880-2849
Photo of Amparo Pacheco, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amparo Pacheco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
Throughout my experiences within my career, I have gained significant knowledge and understanding of diverse hardships within the human race.
Throughout my experiences within my career, I have gained significant knowledge and understanding of diverse hardships within the human race.
(310) 660-7409 View (310) 660-7409
Photo of Lani Espinas, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lani Espinas
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
I was trained in rendering brief and short term therapy since we all want quick results. How do I do that? I am interactive with my clients and not just provide “talk therapy”, but rather, we will co-create a plan together to help you achieve positive results. I hold my clients accountable and will assign homework. I will give you my input, impressions, and at times, challenge you when those defenses are up. In life, when we’re faced with challenges, it only promotes growth and strength. At the same time, we will give you the positive regard, reflective listening, and be your cheerleader. We will empower you, not enable you.
I was trained in rendering brief and short term therapy since we all want quick results. How do I do that? I am interactive with my clients and not just provide “talk therapy”, but rather, we will co-create a plan together to help you achieve positive results. I hold my clients accountable and will assign homework. I will give you my input, impressions, and at times, challenge you when those defenses are up. In life, when we’re faced with challenges, it only promotes growth and strength. At the same time, we will give you the positive regard, reflective listening, and be your cheerleader. We will empower you, not enable you.
(310) 991-3055 View (310) 991-3055
Photo of Sofia Subhan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sofia Subhan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504
For over a decade I have been helping people grow, heal, learn about themselves and shift negative patterns in their life. If you or someone you know is feeling stuck, overwhelmed, having difficulty navigating relationships, or burdened by past traumas, I will work with you to better understand, process and resolve challenges in your life. Dealing with ongoing life stressors at home, school or work can be difficult to navigate and can leave you feeling hopeless at times. Based on my years of experience, I tailor my approach and techniques to best fit your unique hardships and goals.
For over a decade I have been helping people grow, heal, learn about themselves and shift negative patterns in their life. If you or someone you know is feeling stuck, overwhelmed, having difficulty navigating relationships, or burdened by past traumas, I will work with you to better understand, process and resolve challenges in your life. Dealing with ongoing life stressors at home, school or work can be difficult to navigate and can leave you feeling hopeless at times. Based on my years of experience, I tailor my approach and techniques to best fit your unique hardships and goals.
(310) 935-3687 View (310) 935-3687
Photo of Michelle Ikeda, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michelle Ikeda
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
Life is difficult to navigate alone. Together, we can explore and focus on how you would like to live your life, rather than focusing on how you lived your life so far. My expertise is in helping individuals and couples cope with life's various challenges. Throughout the years of my helping profession, I have worked with clients from 0 to 110 years old of diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds! I have experiences providing intensive case management services to caregivers/families and elderly residents, particularly family members of dementia patients in convalescent facility settings.
Life is difficult to navigate alone. Together, we can explore and focus on how you would like to live your life, rather than focusing on how you lived your life so far. My expertise is in helping individuals and couples cope with life's various challenges. Throughout the years of my helping profession, I have worked with clients from 0 to 110 years old of diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds! I have experiences providing intensive case management services to caregivers/families and elderly residents, particularly family members of dementia patients in convalescent facility settings.
(310) 943-3453 View (310) 943-3453
Photo of Kaela Pangburn, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kaela Pangburn
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504
Thank you for being here. My goal is to support people in healing the deepest, most hidden parts of themselves. This therapeutic space is for the intuitive, the deep thinkers, and the highly sensitive who have been trying to make sense of their experiences. I offer extensive knowledge and support with the following: nervous system healing, complex trauma, chronic emotional dysregulation, adverse childhood events, and relational fear/anxiety. If you are seeking support by trying to organize what feels like internal chaos, difficulty understanding experience, or are more curious to explore your identity; welcome.
Thank you for being here. My goal is to support people in healing the deepest, most hidden parts of themselves. This therapeutic space is for the intuitive, the deep thinkers, and the highly sensitive who have been trying to make sense of their experiences. I offer extensive knowledge and support with the following: nervous system healing, complex trauma, chronic emotional dysregulation, adverse childhood events, and relational fear/anxiety. If you are seeking support by trying to organize what feels like internal chaos, difficulty understanding experience, or are more curious to explore your identity; welcome.
(310) 861-3978 View (310) 861-3978
Photo of Karen l Dastrup - Family Counseling, Neurofeedback & Holistic Ctr, PsyD, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Family Counseling, Neurofeedback & Holistic Ctr
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, MFT
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
I bring simple communication skills to the table for couples or families stuck in angry stances. I help each person feel heard, listened to and understood, helping them learn how to come alongside each other with empathy and insight instead of competing and blaming. Taking responsibility and learning when they are projecting their own feelings onto others instead of owning their own emotions. I also work with individual adults and children to help them deal with the trauma and drama of their past before they can effectively maintain healthy relationships in the present.
I bring simple communication skills to the table for couples or families stuck in angry stances. I help each person feel heard, listened to and understood, helping them learn how to come alongside each other with empathy and insight instead of competing and blaming. Taking responsibility and learning when they are projecting their own feelings onto others instead of owning their own emotions. I also work with individual adults and children to help them deal with the trauma and drama of their past before they can effectively maintain healthy relationships in the present.
(310) 736-4630 View (310) 736-4630
Photo of Wendy Thomas, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Wendy Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hi, my name is Wendy Thomas a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 7 years experience working in private and public sector including military personal. I specialize in working in the areas of mood disorders, additions, depression, anxiety, relationship communication. My therapeutic approach is holistic employing Evidence Base intervention. Respecting your voice as the poet of your life experiences and the expert in sharing your story. Client centered therapy focuses on individual, family, and couples’ unique needs to build interpersonal strength and process life's lemons into lemonade.
Hi, my name is Wendy Thomas a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 7 years experience working in private and public sector including military personal. I specialize in working in the areas of mood disorders, additions, depression, anxiety, relationship communication. My therapeutic approach is holistic employing Evidence Base intervention. Respecting your voice as the poet of your life experiences and the expert in sharing your story. Client centered therapy focuses on individual, family, and couples’ unique needs to build interpersonal strength and process life's lemons into lemonade.
(323) 458-5241 View (323) 458-5241
Photo of Christine Raco, LPCC
Christine Raco
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
My name is Christine Raco, and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in San Jose CA, I am working with clients statewide via Telehealth. I specialize in working with teens and adults with anxiety, trauma, depression, burnout, behavioral issues, anger issues, low self-esteem, stress, and challenges with life transitions. Using an eclectic approach of humanistic, psychodynamic, DBT, and CBT, I strive to you where you are to support you during your growing and healing journey.
My name is Christine Raco, and I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) based in San Jose CA, I am working with clients statewide via Telehealth. I specialize in working with teens and adults with anxiety, trauma, depression, burnout, behavioral issues, anger issues, low self-esteem, stress, and challenges with life transitions. Using an eclectic approach of humanistic, psychodynamic, DBT, and CBT, I strive to you where you are to support you during your growing and healing journey.
(424) 610-8336 View (424) 610-8336
Photo of Larry Fernandez, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Larry Fernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) specializing in mental health and recovery support for children and adults. My areas of focus include depression, anxiety, life transitions, behavior modification, academic challenges, addiction recovery management, and grief & loss support. My professional interests include working with children and adults with a focus on mental health recovery, therapeutic coaching, and those seeking therapeutic guidance and life transitions.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) specializing in mental health and recovery support for children and adults. My areas of focus include depression, anxiety, life transitions, behavior modification, academic challenges, addiction recovery management, and grief & loss support. My professional interests include working with children and adults with a focus on mental health recovery, therapeutic coaching, and those seeking therapeutic guidance and life transitions.
(626) 790-2359 View (626) 790-2359
Photo of Sierra Ríos, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sierra Ríos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hi there, my name is Sierra Ríos, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have worked with Children and Families for 5 years in different settings as a therapist, and I have an extensive background working with children in preschool to summer camps. I love to connect with people and learn how I can help them with situations in their lives where they may need extra support. I am trained in Cognitive Behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy. Let me know how I can help you today!
Hi there, my name is Sierra Ríos, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have worked with Children and Families for 5 years in different settings as a therapist, and I have an extensive background working with children in preschool to summer camps. I love to connect with people and learn how I can help them with situations in their lives where they may need extra support. I am trained in Cognitive Behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy. Let me know how I can help you today!
(562) 600-5628 View (562) 600-5628
Photo of Dana Dart-McLean, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dana Dart-McLean
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hello, I'm Dana Dart-McLean, LMFT, a psychotherapist. I use somatic (body-awareness-based), attachment-focused, and client-centered therapy to support people in overcoming problems to move forward with personal growth. I specialize in supporting people with anxiety, depression, ADHD/neurodivergence, trauma, grief, relationships, and life transitions.
Hello, I'm Dana Dart-McLean, LMFT, a psychotherapist. I use somatic (body-awareness-based), attachment-focused, and client-centered therapy to support people in overcoming problems to move forward with personal growth. I specialize in supporting people with anxiety, depression, ADHD/neurodivergence, trauma, grief, relationships, and life transitions.
(209) 340-0705 View (209) 340-0705
Photo of Ricardo Martinez, CP, Psychologist
Ricardo Martinez
Psychologist, CP
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hi there, I'm Dr. Rick. My name is Dr. Ricardo (Rick) Martinez and I am a Licensed Psychologist based in Pasadena, CA and working with clients across California via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in helping clients who struggle with anxiety, stress, depression, those with alcohol and/or substance abuse issues, their family members, and those in recovery. I also specialize in serving clients from diverse multicultural backgrounds including those from the LGBTQ+ community.
Hi there, I'm Dr. Rick. My name is Dr. Ricardo (Rick) Martinez and I am a Licensed Psychologist based in Pasadena, CA and working with clients across California via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in helping clients who struggle with anxiety, stress, depression, those with alcohol and/or substance abuse issues, their family members, and those in recovery. I also specialize in serving clients from diverse multicultural backgrounds including those from the LGBTQ+ community.
(650) 955-0134 View (650) 955-0134
Photo of Gina Carrillo-Jackman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gina Carrillo-Jackman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hello and welcome! My name is Gina Carrillo-Jackman, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Ventura County providing therapy via Telehealth. I work with teens and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, life transitions, and school-related issues. I am a strong believer in mindfulness, being in tune with the mind-body connection, and understanding how our thoughts and feelings influence our behavior. I am most comfortable working with teens, transitional-age youth, and adults dealing with stressful life events and transitions that may cause them to experience anxiety and depression.
Hello and welcome! My name is Gina Carrillo-Jackman, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Ventura County providing therapy via Telehealth. I work with teens and adults and specialize in anxiety, depression, life transitions, and school-related issues. I am a strong believer in mindfulness, being in tune with the mind-body connection, and understanding how our thoughts and feelings influence our behavior. I am most comfortable working with teens, transitional-age youth, and adults dealing with stressful life events and transitions that may cause them to experience anxiety and depression.
(925) 397-1998 View (925) 397-1998
Photo of Ann Gimpel, LCP, Psychologist
Ann Gimpel
Psychologist, LCP
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Hello. I'm Ann Gimpel, a licensed psychologist. I believe in client-centered therapy and in crafting a safe and supportive environment for my clients. Clients experiencing life stressors such as job and relationship issues will be a great fit with my skill set. I'm also interested in addictions, chronic pain, and chronic health issues. As a cancer survivor, I've been there. Rather than being wedded to a particular theoretical approach, I will blend several to meet my clients' needs. I have background and training in cognitive behavioral, psychoanalytic, marital therapy, and client coaching, to name a few.
Hello. I'm Ann Gimpel, a licensed psychologist. I believe in client-centered therapy and in crafting a safe and supportive environment for my clients. Clients experiencing life stressors such as job and relationship issues will be a great fit with my skill set. I'm also interested in addictions, chronic pain, and chronic health issues. As a cancer survivor, I've been there. Rather than being wedded to a particular theoretical approach, I will blend several to meet my clients' needs. I have background and training in cognitive behavioral, psychoanalytic, marital therapy, and client coaching, to name a few.
(951) 221-5885 View (951) 221-5885
Photo of Lisa Hayes, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Hayes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504  (Online Only)
Lisa Hayes is a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. She has two decades of experience treating a wide cultural range of adults, couples, and families. Lisa's warm and engaging style enhances her use of a variety of therapeutic approaches. I provide an integrative approach to therapy with an emphasis on the therapeutic relationship and experiential growth.
Lisa Hayes is a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist. She has two decades of experience treating a wide cultural range of adults, couples, and families. Lisa's warm and engaging style enhances her use of a variety of therapeutic approaches. I provide an integrative approach to therapy with an emphasis on the therapeutic relationship and experiential growth.
(619) 304-5971 View (619) 304-5971
Photo of Cliff Sabath, PhD, Psychologist
Cliff Sabath
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
I have over 30 years experience in helping people to heal and feel whole again. I like working with couples to help them communicate in ways that bring them closer rather than create distance. I work with individuals struggling with trauma, self-esteem issues, depression, anxiety, and other problems that create dysfunctional patterns and symptoms in their life and relationships. It is rewarding to help people who may have felt hopeless, to move in a positive healing direction toward reclaiming their lives and their happiness. I also have a staff psychiatrist available for those individuals who may benefit from medication for depression, anxiety, insomnia.
I have over 30 years experience in helping people to heal and feel whole again. I like working with couples to help them communicate in ways that bring them closer rather than create distance. I work with individuals struggling with trauma, self-esteem issues, depression, anxiety, and other problems that create dysfunctional patterns and symptoms in their life and relationships. It is rewarding to help people who may have felt hopeless, to move in a positive healing direction toward reclaiming their lives and their happiness. I also have a staff psychiatrist available for those individuals who may benefit from medication for depression, anxiety, insomnia.
(310) 776-6248 View (310) 776-6248
Photo of Carol A Francis - Dr. Carol Francis & Associates, PsyD, MA, CHT, MFT, Psychologist
Dr. Carol Francis & Associates
Psychologist, PsyD, MA, CHT, MFT
Verified Verified
Torrance, CA 90504
Stressed, unhappy, unfocused, unmotivated? A distant, angry relationship that was loving, romantic, or safe? Wish to improve your ability to focus, relax, not worry? Considering changes in your career, relationship? Confused by your marriage, by being new parents or by your child or teenager? Want to stop smoking with hypnosis? Wish you could like yourself, feel attractive, smart, energetic & successful? Feel stuck, blocked, uncertain, discouraged? Afraid of public speaking or socializing at work? Suffer awful abuse? Have you and your partner been fighting? Need to learn to solve problems in your team?
Stressed, unhappy, unfocused, unmotivated? A distant, angry relationship that was loving, romantic, or safe? Wish to improve your ability to focus, relax, not worry? Considering changes in your career, relationship? Confused by your marriage, by being new parents or by your child or teenager? Want to stop smoking with hypnosis? Wish you could like yourself, feel attractive, smart, energetic & successful? Feel stuck, blocked, uncertain, discouraged? Afraid of public speaking or socializing at work? Suffer awful abuse? Have you and your partner been fighting? Need to learn to solve problems in your team?
(310) 620-1719 View (310) 620-1719
Photo of Marion A Dave - Marion A. Dave, LMFT , MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marion A. Dave, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Torrance, CA 90504
Embarking on a transformative journey toward healing and growth is both admirable and courageous. You may face challenges such as anxiety, imposter syndrome, or lingering effects of past trauma, along with complexities in navigating relationships and parenting struggles that leave you feeling overwhelmed and uncertain about your next steps. I am passionate about supporting people of color and creating a safe, inclusive space where diverse backgrounds are honored. Together, we’ll explore your challenges and empower you to express your authentic self, embracing your identity as a source of strength on your path to resilience.
Embarking on a transformative journey toward healing and growth is both admirable and courageous. You may face challenges such as anxiety, imposter syndrome, or lingering effects of past trauma, along with complexities in navigating relationships and parenting struggles that leave you feeling overwhelmed and uncertain about your next steps. I am passionate about supporting people of color and creating a safe, inclusive space where diverse backgrounds are honored. Together, we’ll explore your challenges and empower you to express your authentic self, embracing your identity as a source of strength on your path to resilience.
(424) 305-3815 View (424) 305-3815
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 90504

50+

Average cost per session

$172

Therapists in 90504 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
91% Depression
71% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Self Esteem
65% Stress
62% Grief

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
91% Cigna and Evernorth
84% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 90504 see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
21% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 90504?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.