Photo of Emily Smith, PhD, Psychologist
Emily Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
I provide relationally-centered therapy addressing concerns such as anxiety, depression, isolation, trauma, shame, identity development and exploration, life transitions, and relational stress/conflict. Therapy with me is a collaborative process, which recognizes you as the expert on your experiences, needs, and desires. I am affirming and experienced in working with people of diverse neurotypes (ADHD/Autism), gender identities, sexual orientations, and relational orientations (i.e. ethical non-monogamy).
I provide relationally-centered therapy addressing concerns such as anxiety, depression, isolation, trauma, shame, identity development and exploration, life transitions, and relational stress/conflict. Therapy with me is a collaborative process, which recognizes you as the expert on your experiences, needs, and desires. I am affirming and experienced in working with people of diverse neurotypes (ADHD/Autism), gender identities, sexual orientations, and relational orientations (i.e. ethical non-monogamy).
(323) 274-1898 View (323) 274-1898
Photo of Shannon Novoa, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Shannon Novoa
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
Shannon Novoa, LMFT. I enjoy helping others uncomplicate the complicated. I believe the client is the best narrator of their story. Therapy should feel comfortable and judgment-free. Typically work with parents and children to assist in understanding different dynamics. I also worked with various adults with different backgrounds ranging from substance abuse to developmental difficulties. I also have experience with ADHD in teens & adults and different neurological diagnoses.
Shannon Novoa, LMFT. I enjoy helping others uncomplicate the complicated. I believe the client is the best narrator of their story. Therapy should feel comfortable and judgment-free. Typically work with parents and children to assist in understanding different dynamics. I also worked with various adults with different backgrounds ranging from substance abuse to developmental difficulties. I also have experience with ADHD in teens & adults and different neurological diagnoses.
(323) 312-3626 View (323) 312-3626
Photo of Jasmine Perkovic, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jasmine Perkovic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
My name is Jasmine Perkovic, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in California. I specialize in working with adults struggling with eating disorders, anxiety, depression, trauma, and personality disorders. With the knowledge that each client is on their own unique journey toward mental health and wellbeing, I ensure that I individualize my therapeutic approach to fit the needs of each client I work alongside. As such, I find the following therapeutic approaches to be of significant use including Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Exposure Therapy, and Client Centered Therapy.
My name is Jasmine Perkovic, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in California. I specialize in working with adults struggling with eating disorders, anxiety, depression, trauma, and personality disorders. With the knowledge that each client is on their own unique journey toward mental health and wellbeing, I ensure that I individualize my therapeutic approach to fit the needs of each client I work alongside. As such, I find the following therapeutic approaches to be of significant use including Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Exposure Therapy, and Client Centered Therapy.
(323) 879-7390 View (323) 879-7390
Photo of Keren Geier, Keren, Geier, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Keren Geier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, Keren, Geier, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
Our lives are like pieces of a puzzle. How we choose to put them together is among the most important decisions we make. Effective therapeutic work begins when you and/or your child are ready to explore the areas of your life that would benefit from personal growth and change. As a caring change agent, I have successfully helped kids, teens, families, young professionals and adults through trying growth periods.
Our lives are like pieces of a puzzle. How we choose to put them together is among the most important decisions we make. Effective therapeutic work begins when you and/or your child are ready to explore the areas of your life that would benefit from personal growth and change. As a caring change agent, I have successfully helped kids, teens, families, young professionals and adults through trying growth periods.
(310) 879-1406 View (310) 879-1406
Photo of Vera Cerny, LCSW
Vera Cerny
LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
The clients I see are adults of all ages whose lives are diminished by depression or anxiety, whether lingering or overwhelming. Such feelings can make it difficult to focus on tasks or even leave their home. Some clients struggle with unsupportive family members or relationship partners; others cannot shake off the impact of trauma they suffered as children or as adults. Some are young adults who are experiencing Adulthood as a loss of past freedoms; some cannot find satisfying relationships, or establish boundaries with parents or roommates. My older adults are coping with aging; but they also desire social connection and purpose.
The clients I see are adults of all ages whose lives are diminished by depression or anxiety, whether lingering or overwhelming. Such feelings can make it difficult to focus on tasks or even leave their home. Some clients struggle with unsupportive family members or relationship partners; others cannot shake off the impact of trauma they suffered as children or as adults. Some are young adults who are experiencing Adulthood as a loss of past freedoms; some cannot find satisfying relationships, or establish boundaries with parents or roommates. My older adults are coping with aging; but they also desire social connection and purpose.
(747) 281-3755 View (747) 281-3755
Photo of Brenda H Rodman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brenda H Rodman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
Why do people seek therapy? They want to feel better. They want to improve their relationships. They want support in times of loss and transition. A search for insight and personal growth are also reasons. With over 25 years of clinical experience I have an approach that would help you find answer to these issues. Each person brings a unique story to therapy, and I draw from various therapeutic processes utilizing insight, cognitive behavioral and mindfulness techniques to help them gain insight and feel better about their life.
Why do people seek therapy? They want to feel better. They want to improve their relationships. They want support in times of loss and transition. A search for insight and personal growth are also reasons. With over 25 years of clinical experience I have an approach that would help you find answer to these issues. Each person brings a unique story to therapy, and I draw from various therapeutic processes utilizing insight, cognitive behavioral and mindfulness techniques to help them gain insight and feel better about their life.
(213) 375-1126 View (213) 375-1126
Photo of Crispin Kitto, LMFT, EMDR, Marriage & Family Therapist
Crispin Kitto
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
My goal is to help my clients hone their belief system to one that translates into a more fulfilling living experience. I will meet you on your terms, informed and aided by my training and experience. The therapist is not there to advise, diagnose or direct the client but, rather, to collaboratively find catharses and solutions through empathy and dialogue with the client. While drawing on ideas from various modalities.
My goal is to help my clients hone their belief system to one that translates into a more fulfilling living experience. I will meet you on your terms, informed and aided by my training and experience. The therapist is not there to advise, diagnose or direct the client but, rather, to collaboratively find catharses and solutions through empathy and dialogue with the client. While drawing on ideas from various modalities.
(213) 616-9717 View (213) 616-9717
Photo of Jaha Higgs, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jaha Higgs
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90019
I have been successful in supporting clients facing challenges such as, depression, anxiety, life transition, difficulties with work, family conflict, relationship concerns, stress, trauma, loss and grief, creativity, cultural issues, and racial trauma. I work with clients from all paths of life, including, artists/ creatives, adolescents, LGBTQIA+ individuals. I am committed to being a part of the collective effort to make mental health services more accessible for marginalized communities; therefore, I especially welcome clients who are Black, Indigenous, or who are of color.
I have been successful in supporting clients facing challenges such as, depression, anxiety, life transition, difficulties with work, family conflict, relationship concerns, stress, trauma, loss and grief, creativity, cultural issues, and racial trauma. I work with clients from all paths of life, including, artists/ creatives, adolescents, LGBTQIA+ individuals. I am committed to being a part of the collective effort to make mental health services more accessible for marginalized communities; therefore, I especially welcome clients who are Black, Indigenous, or who are of color.
(213) 577-2385 View (213) 577-2385
Photo of Connie Hall, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Connie Hall
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
Do you feel useful and fulfilled in life? Are your relationships deep and meaningful? Are all your dreams coming true? Or are you overwhelmed by life? Do you doubt yourself? Are you disappointed with the people closest to you? If you are experiencing difficulty coping with the realities of your life and find yourself sinking into negativity, I can help you. In a compassionate, safe environment we can work together to overcome your problems. We can address the issues that are limiting your enjoyment of life and holding you back from happiness as your authentic self.
Do you feel useful and fulfilled in life? Are your relationships deep and meaningful? Are all your dreams coming true? Or are you overwhelmed by life? Do you doubt yourself? Are you disappointed with the people closest to you? If you are experiencing difficulty coping with the realities of your life and find yourself sinking into negativity, I can help you. In a compassionate, safe environment we can work together to overcome your problems. We can address the issues that are limiting your enjoyment of life and holding you back from happiness as your authentic self.
(424) 256-1928 View (424) 256-1928
Photo of Jordan Aura-Gullick, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jordan Aura-Gullick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
With warmth, empathy, and honesty, I strive to create an atmosphere of safety and trust. I understand that choosing a therapist is a difficult decision. Being a good match to your specific needs is important to me. Together we’ll identify your struggles and work toward your personal goals. I use a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness practice, and a psychodynamic approach to address your unique needs. My aim is to provide you with a nurturing environment for personal growth, healing, and self-transformation.
With warmth, empathy, and honesty, I strive to create an atmosphere of safety and trust. I understand that choosing a therapist is a difficult decision. Being a good match to your specific needs is important to me. Together we’ll identify your struggles and work toward your personal goals. I use a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness practice, and a psychodynamic approach to address your unique needs. My aim is to provide you with a nurturing environment for personal growth, healing, and self-transformation.
(213) 816-8727 View (213) 816-8727
Photo of Timothy Connely, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Timothy Connely
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
Hi there, I'm Tim Connely, LMFT. I work hard to create a safe and secure environment in order to support my clients in doing the work of understanding their thoughts and the effects they have on our life. I work with people across the lifespan encouraging them in any way I can. I have worked with clients across the lifespan. I have worked with people as young as 4 all the way to people in their 70's and 80's. I am most comfortable treating people that have experienced trauma, dealing with life events, depression, anxiety, and many more.
Hi there, I'm Tim Connely, LMFT. I work hard to create a safe and secure environment in order to support my clients in doing the work of understanding their thoughts and the effects they have on our life. I work with people across the lifespan encouraging them in any way I can. I have worked with clients across the lifespan. I have worked with people as young as 4 all the way to people in their 70's and 80's. I am most comfortable treating people that have experienced trauma, dealing with life events, depression, anxiety, and many more.
(323) 395-5253 View (323) 395-5253
Photo of Yael Shina-Louff, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Yael Shina-Louff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
With years of experience in the field, I have had the privilege of assisting numerous adolescents and adults through their most challenging times. My professional background includes providing therapy services and crisis management in both English and Spanish, and in various settings, including schools, homes, and clinics. As a reliable, determined, and empathetic provider, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment that fosters growth and healing. My commitment to empowering clients drives me to help them navigate their challenges and embrace their potential.
With years of experience in the field, I have had the privilege of assisting numerous adolescents and adults through their most challenging times. My professional background includes providing therapy services and crisis management in both English and Spanish, and in various settings, including schools, homes, and clinics. As a reliable, determined, and empathetic provider, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment that fosters growth and healing. My commitment to empowering clients drives me to help them navigate their challenges and embrace their potential.
(323) 417-1315 View (323) 417-1315
Photo of Megan Plotkowski, MA, MS, AMFT, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Megan Plotkowski
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MS, AMFT, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90019
No one is immune from life’s challenges, but you don’t have to face them alone. Working with a therapist provides a safe, non-judgmental, and confidential space to reveal your innermost thoughts and feelings. This partnership can bring healing, relief, and positive change. You are not broken, sick, or destined to repeat generational patterns. You are powerful and capable of affecting change in your life and healing yourself. Ultimately, you deserve to write your own story and live your best life. I am here to support you on your journey of healing and self-discovery. I look forward to meeting you and working together!
No one is immune from life’s challenges, but you don’t have to face them alone. Working with a therapist provides a safe, non-judgmental, and confidential space to reveal your innermost thoughts and feelings. This partnership can bring healing, relief, and positive change. You are not broken, sick, or destined to repeat generational patterns. You are powerful and capable of affecting change in your life and healing yourself. Ultimately, you deserve to write your own story and live your best life. I am here to support you on your journey of healing and self-discovery. I look forward to meeting you and working together!
(424) 744-3529 View (424) 744-3529
Photo of Mary Kate Hurlbutt, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Mary Kate Hurlbutt
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90019
Hi, I’m Mary Kate (she/her) and I’m an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, CA. I’m passionate about approaching our work together in a way that invites you to connect to the most empowered vision and story of yourself. I also understand the importance of honoring and exploring all the complexities and emotions that make your lived experience unique to you. Together we’ll create a warm, non-judgemental atmosphere where you can feel seen and heard as your authentic self.
Hi, I’m Mary Kate (she/her) and I’m an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist based in Los Angeles, CA. I’m passionate about approaching our work together in a way that invites you to connect to the most empowered vision and story of yourself. I also understand the importance of honoring and exploring all the complexities and emotions that make your lived experience unique to you. Together we’ll create a warm, non-judgemental atmosphere where you can feel seen and heard as your authentic self.
(323) 910-4379 View (323) 910-4379
Photo of Christina Covarrubias, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christina Covarrubias
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
After nine years of personal and professional experience I have gained experience that has assisted me in treat people from different backgrounds, challenges, and diagnosis.
After nine years of personal and professional experience I have gained experience that has assisted me in treat people from different backgrounds, challenges, and diagnosis.
(323) 487-7414 View (323) 487-7414
Photo of Dr. Jaz Robbins, PsyD, BCHN®, Psychologist
Dr. Jaz Robbins
Psychologist, PsyD, BCHN®
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
I am a licensed psychologist and a board certified holistic nutritionist; however, I am an artist at my core, and that comes through in everything that I do. As a mental healthcare provider, I am a trauma specialist who has worked with those who have lost a loved one due to murder, combat veterans, and the chronically ill navigating medical trauma, to name a few. In my work, I aim to unpack “big T” traumas that can result in a clinical diagnosis of PTSD, as well as “little t” traumas that make one’s lived experience emotionally taxing and less-than-favorable in any number of ways.
I am a licensed psychologist and a board certified holistic nutritionist; however, I am an artist at my core, and that comes through in everything that I do. As a mental healthcare provider, I am a trauma specialist who has worked with those who have lost a loved one due to murder, combat veterans, and the chronically ill navigating medical trauma, to name a few. In my work, I aim to unpack “big T” traumas that can result in a clinical diagnosis of PTSD, as well as “little t” traumas that make one’s lived experience emotionally taxing and less-than-favorable in any number of ways.
(323) 784-6963 View (323) 784-6963
Photo of Kathy Lander, MA, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Kathy Lander
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
Are you wondering if things can change? Are you looking for empowerment and personal growth? I specialize in relationships, coping skills, self esteem, stress reduction, anxiety, depression and trauma. I am EMDR certified for 20+ years. I come from a solution oriented and collaborative perspective. Whether it be transitions, relationships, personal growth or even political and social stress, my goal is to help empower you to navigate through life's challenges by providing support to meet your desired potential. I am here to collaborate with you and be part of the solution on a creative, practical and emotional level.
Are you wondering if things can change? Are you looking for empowerment and personal growth? I specialize in relationships, coping skills, self esteem, stress reduction, anxiety, depression and trauma. I am EMDR certified for 20+ years. I come from a solution oriented and collaborative perspective. Whether it be transitions, relationships, personal growth or even political and social stress, my goal is to help empower you to navigate through life's challenges by providing support to meet your desired potential. I am here to collaborate with you and be part of the solution on a creative, practical and emotional level.
(323) 796-2440 View (323) 796-2440
Photo of Chantal Austin, ACSW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Chantal Austin
Pre-Licensed Professional, ACSW
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019  (Online Only)
To the person reading this, I want you to know that you are worthy of becoming the person you aspire to be. My name is Chantal, and I’m here to walk alongside you, offering support and encouragement every step of the way. I am passionate, empathetic, and determined. My work is rooted in helping you reclaim your narrative and make peace with the chapters that have been written by someone else. I believe in being real, setting clear boundaries, and embracing the complexities of life. Healing isn’t always what you expect it’s not just about feeling good, but about feeling whole. It’s facing the discomfort head-on,
To the person reading this, I want you to know that you are worthy of becoming the person you aspire to be. My name is Chantal, and I’m here to walk alongside you, offering support and encouragement every step of the way. I am passionate, empathetic, and determined. My work is rooted in helping you reclaim your narrative and make peace with the chapters that have been written by someone else. I believe in being real, setting clear boundaries, and embracing the complexities of life. Healing isn’t always what you expect it’s not just about feeling good, but about feeling whole. It’s facing the discomfort head-on,
(213) 895-4497 View (213) 895-4497
Photo of Gabriel Marks, MA, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Gabriel Marks
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Los Angeles, CA 90019
A former professional athlete turned clinician, I received my MA in Marriage and Family Therapy from Pepperdine University. During my time in practice, Ive had the opportunity to work with a diverse client population ranging from 15-50 years of age, addressing a wide range of presenting problems in the clinical setting including but not limited to: Depression, Anxiety, Life and Career Transitions, Relationships, Men's Issues, and Trauma. As a Los Angeles native, I understand the stressors of living in the city, as well as our need to have someone to process it all with in a safe and non-judgmental space.
A former professional athlete turned clinician, I received my MA in Marriage and Family Therapy from Pepperdine University. During my time in practice, Ive had the opportunity to work with a diverse client population ranging from 15-50 years of age, addressing a wide range of presenting problems in the clinical setting including but not limited to: Depression, Anxiety, Life and Career Transitions, Relationships, Men's Issues, and Trauma. As a Los Angeles native, I understand the stressors of living in the city, as well as our need to have someone to process it all with in a safe and non-judgmental space.
(213) 674-5288 View (213) 674-5288
Photo of Suzie (Sujin) Jeon, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Suzie (Sujin) Jeon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Los Angeles, CA 90019
My name is Suzie and I am a trauma informed licensed clinical social worker. I specialize in trauma work, identity issues, children of immigrant issues, immigrant issues, relationship challenges, inter-generational trauma, anxiety and depression in adults, and couples. I am a first generation Korean-America therapist with a sense of humor, and an appreciation for play and creativity: we’ll work together to build a connection and bring out your intrinsic strengths by practicing self compassion.
My name is Suzie and I am a trauma informed licensed clinical social worker. I specialize in trauma work, identity issues, children of immigrant issues, immigrant issues, relationship challenges, inter-generational trauma, anxiety and depression in adults, and couples. I am a first generation Korean-America therapist with a sense of humor, and an appreciation for play and creativity: we’ll work together to build a connection and bring out your intrinsic strengths by practicing self compassion.
(213) 583-4158 View (213) 583-4158
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 90019

200+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in 90019 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
81% Stress
80% Coping Skills
77% Life Transitions
75% Relationship Issues
62% Women's Issues

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
78% Managed Health Network (MHN)
77% Health Net

How Therapists in 90019 see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

81% Female
17% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 90019?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.