Photo of Natalina Mariscal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Natalina Mariscal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes your usual ways of coping with stress and difficult situations stop working. This can leave you feeling ill-equipped to manage aspects of your life. As a result, you may be feeling sad, worried, scared, angry, and/or overwhelmed. I strive to help people better understand the nature of their problems and develop more effective ways to cope with them. I believe greater self-awareness, in combination with behavior changes, can lead to a richer and more satisfying life.
Sometimes your usual ways of coping with stress and difficult situations stop working. This can leave you feeling ill-equipped to manage aspects of your life. As a result, you may be feeling sad, worried, scared, angry, and/or overwhelmed. I strive to help people better understand the nature of their problems and develop more effective ways to cope with them. I believe greater self-awareness, in combination with behavior changes, can lead to a richer and more satisfying life.
(480) 660-2542 View (480) 660-2542
Photo of Dr. Karen Patton, PsyD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Karen Patton
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Waitlist for new clients
My practice specializes in providing a holistic approach to psychotherapy. Ideally, clients have come to a point where they realize what they've tried in the past is no longer working. Together, we collaborate on a treatment plan that implements new life strategies while letting go of those that no longer serve.
My practice specializes in providing a holistic approach to psychotherapy. Ideally, clients have come to a point where they realize what they've tried in the past is no longer working. Together, we collaborate on a treatment plan that implements new life strategies while letting go of those that no longer serve.
(480) 718-8091 View (480) 718-8091
Photo of Karina D. Rivera, MS, LAC, PIT, Counselor
Karina D. Rivera
Counselor, MS, LAC, PIT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
Hello! I am currently accepting new clients and committed to assisting you in your therapeutic experience with empathy and compassion. I enjoy helping others through a trauma-focused lens and have experience working with adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, and addictions. I believe that everyone deserves to live a healthy and functional life, and would like to assist people that are open to working side by side with me to learn and become the best version of themselves.
Hello! I am currently accepting new clients and committed to assisting you in your therapeutic experience with empathy and compassion. I enjoy helping others through a trauma-focused lens and have experience working with adults who struggle with depression, anxiety, and addictions. I believe that everyone deserves to live a healthy and functional life, and would like to assist people that are open to working side by side with me to learn and become the best version of themselves.
(480) 660-9827 View (480) 660-9827
Photo of Rebecca (Becca) Basaleh, CHT
Rebecca (Becca) Basaleh
CHT
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Our purpose is to be of service to others in their healing and spiritual journey. All aspects of the mind, body, soul, and spirit are addressed within transpersonal hypnotherapy. Many of our clients seek us out for anxiety relief and inner child healing. Our clients typically achieve their intended goals within 1-3 hypnotherapy sessions. Our clients are individuals that are willing to introspect, take accountability, and are ready to embrace the benefits of change.
Our purpose is to be of service to others in their healing and spiritual journey. All aspects of the mind, body, soul, and spirit are addressed within transpersonal hypnotherapy. Many of our clients seek us out for anxiety relief and inner child healing. Our clients typically achieve their intended goals within 1-3 hypnotherapy sessions. Our clients are individuals that are willing to introspect, take accountability, and are ready to embrace the benefits of change.
(623) 294-5424 View (623) 294-5424
Photo of Kristen Searcy, LCSW, CCTSI, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristen Searcy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTSI
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with ten years of trauma-based social work experience, I strive to be “an elegant and effective instrument of transformation and agent of change in the lives of others”. I specialize in working with women using a 21st century approach to mental health and trauma work by honoring the interconnectedness of mind, body, spirit and soul in leading clients to a life of freedom from trauma and mental health related challenges. It is my belief that all the aspects of your life and parts of your body work together to shape your experience of life and how you operate in it.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with ten years of trauma-based social work experience, I strive to be “an elegant and effective instrument of transformation and agent of change in the lives of others”. I specialize in working with women using a 21st century approach to mental health and trauma work by honoring the interconnectedness of mind, body, spirit and soul in leading clients to a life of freedom from trauma and mental health related challenges. It is my belief that all the aspects of your life and parts of your body work together to shape your experience of life and how you operate in it.
(623) 235-0352 View (623) 235-0352
Photo of Kara Jean Brei, LAC, Counselor
Kara Jean Brei
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Hello and welcome! I am happy to help anyone who is struggling to work through a difficult situation, feelings, and/or hurtful situation/upbringing. I help people find their own life/style solutions, performance, and satisfaction. I work best with creative communities because I have lived experience as a member of these populations. Basically, anyone who identifies as an outsider may appreciate my reality-based, forward, and honest approach to solution-discovery. I look forward to meeting you and working mutually to infuse your life with more balance, joy, passion, and love.
Hello and welcome! I am happy to help anyone who is struggling to work through a difficult situation, feelings, and/or hurtful situation/upbringing. I help people find their own life/style solutions, performance, and satisfaction. I work best with creative communities because I have lived experience as a member of these populations. Basically, anyone who identifies as an outsider may appreciate my reality-based, forward, and honest approach to solution-discovery. I look forward to meeting you and working mutually to infuse your life with more balance, joy, passion, and love.
(623) 294-8545 View (623) 294-8545
Photo of Paul D Gardner, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paul D Gardner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Welcome! I specialize in working with Gay Men and LGBTQ+ Adults. I also specialize in anxiety, worry and panic. If you have been looking for an LGBTQ+ affirming therapist who understands the issues unique to our community, please feel free to reach out. Over the years I have had great rapport with my LGBTQ+ clients.
Welcome! I specialize in working with Gay Men and LGBTQ+ Adults. I also specialize in anxiety, worry and panic. If you have been looking for an LGBTQ+ affirming therapist who understands the issues unique to our community, please feel free to reach out. Over the years I have had great rapport with my LGBTQ+ clients.
(602) 842-2791 View (602) 842-2791
Photo of Clare Battle, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Clare Battle
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
I work with individuals who are naturally curious about themselves and the world and who enjoy self reflection, personal growth and development. Do you feel like fear is holding you back from what you want out of life? Being able to open up about these vulnerabilities is challenging and involves deep exploration into the psyche. My intention is to create a safe, accepting container so you are able to explore all parts of yourself, welcome them and integrate them into your life.
I work with individuals who are naturally curious about themselves and the world and who enjoy self reflection, personal growth and development. Do you feel like fear is holding you back from what you want out of life? Being able to open up about these vulnerabilities is challenging and involves deep exploration into the psyche. My intention is to create a safe, accepting container so you are able to explore all parts of yourself, welcome them and integrate them into your life.
(480) 618-1784 View (480) 618-1784
Photo of Janae Ewald, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janae Ewald
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
My first priority is to listen deeply to my clients and become attuned to your unique story and your unique system. I consider myself a non-traditional, creative therapist and I center my craft around Internal Family Systems and embodiment. My goal is to guide you through understanding the dynamics that are holding you back or causing suffering, and empower you to get closer to the truest expression of yourself. I will meet you where you are, with deep compassion, to help you heal and grow. Please take a moment to review my website for a fuller understanding of how I work and if we might be a good fit.
My first priority is to listen deeply to my clients and become attuned to your unique story and your unique system. I consider myself a non-traditional, creative therapist and I center my craft around Internal Family Systems and embodiment. My goal is to guide you through understanding the dynamics that are holding you back or causing suffering, and empower you to get closer to the truest expression of yourself. I will meet you where you are, with deep compassion, to help you heal and grow. Please take a moment to review my website for a fuller understanding of how I work and if we might be a good fit.
(718) 550-6288 View (718) 550-6288
Photo of Regina O'Brien, LPC, CST, Licensed Professional Counselor
Regina O'Brien
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CST
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Hello! Welcome! I am so happy you are here! I am passionate about helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of sex, intimacy, dating and relationship(s). As an AASECT certified sex therapist, I treat desire discrepancies in couples, sexual pain, and sexual trauma. I support people struggling with out of control sexual behaviors and those on the path of recovery. I am trained in mindfulness, EMDR and Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. I love working with the Queer, ENM and Kink communities. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming and I align with WPATH standards of care.
Hello! Welcome! I am so happy you are here! I am passionate about helping individuals and couples navigate the complexities of sex, intimacy, dating and relationship(s). As an AASECT certified sex therapist, I treat desire discrepancies in couples, sexual pain, and sexual trauma. I support people struggling with out of control sexual behaviors and those on the path of recovery. I am trained in mindfulness, EMDR and Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy. I love working with the Queer, ENM and Kink communities. I am LGBTQIA+ affirming and I align with WPATH standards of care.
(480) 613-5962 View (480) 613-5962
Photo of Todd Scherzer - Paradigm Shift Therapies, MA, LPC, LISAC, CCTS-I, Licensed Professional Counselor
Paradigm Shift Therapies
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LISAC, CCTS-I
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
Take the first step and reach out! Paradigm Shift Therapies Vision: To empower individuals through a life-altering therapeutic experience to enhance change and growth! Change starts from within...... If you are serious about making a change in your life, call. Be aware, life changing therapy is not easy, can be emotionally painful, but if you are willing to do the work, the payoff is indescribable. The hardest decision you have to make in this moment is....... are you ready to take the chance!
Take the first step and reach out! Paradigm Shift Therapies Vision: To empower individuals through a life-altering therapeutic experience to enhance change and growth! Change starts from within...... If you are serious about making a change in your life, call. Be aware, life changing therapy is not easy, can be emotionally painful, but if you are willing to do the work, the payoff is indescribable. The hardest decision you have to make in this moment is....... are you ready to take the chance!
(602) 353-7068 View (602) 353-7068
Photo of Larry Dumka, PhD, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Larry Dumka
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
I use research based brief therapy approaches to help COUPLES, FAMILIES, and INDIVIDUALS reduce distress and achieve more satisfying lives. I specialize in working with COUPLES using methods from Integrative Couple Therapy. I first carefully assess each partner's goals and concerns, identify troublesome patterns, and set a direction for change. Couples then decide if they want to work with me further to learn skills to reduce hurtful conflict and increase emotional and sexual intimacy. I also treat couples preparing for marriage, experiencing infidelity, or adjusting to separation and divorce.
I use research based brief therapy approaches to help COUPLES, FAMILIES, and INDIVIDUALS reduce distress and achieve more satisfying lives. I specialize in working with COUPLES using methods from Integrative Couple Therapy. I first carefully assess each partner's goals and concerns, identify troublesome patterns, and set a direction for change. Couples then decide if they want to work with me further to learn skills to reduce hurtful conflict and increase emotional and sexual intimacy. I also treat couples preparing for marriage, experiencing infidelity, or adjusting to separation and divorce.
(480) 241-4910 View (480) 241-4910
Photo of Brad Robison, PhD, MTh, Psychologist
Brad Robison
Psychologist, PhD, MTh
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
I have specialized training in pediatric and child psychology as well as over 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults from various cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds. I am sensitive to each person's belief system and strive to maintain a therapeutic environment that is open, accepting, and non-judgmental. In addition to a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, I have a Master's Degree in Theology - both from Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, CA. I am comfortable integrating all faith systems and traditions into the therapy sessions.
I have specialized training in pediatric and child psychology as well as over 30 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and adults from various cultural, ethnic, and religious backgrounds. I am sensitive to each person's belief system and strive to maintain a therapeutic environment that is open, accepting, and non-judgmental. In addition to a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, I have a Master's Degree in Theology - both from Fuller Theological Seminary in Pasadena, CA. I am comfortable integrating all faith systems and traditions into the therapy sessions.
(602) 639-4578 View (602) 639-4578
Photo of Laurel Reed, PsyD, Psychologist
Laurel Reed
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006
My clients are most often seeking help with their relationship: with themselves, others, the past, or the world in general. For over 15 years I have worked alongside people seeking to understand, process, and change themselves and their relationship to their lives. My training is primarily in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). I am also trained in EMDR therapy, a trauma-focused therapy.
My clients are most often seeking help with their relationship: with themselves, others, the past, or the world in general. For over 15 years I have worked alongside people seeking to understand, process, and change themselves and their relationship to their lives. My training is primarily in Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (CBT), and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). I am also trained in EMDR therapy, a trauma-focused therapy.
(623) 745-0905 View (623) 745-0905
Photo of Valerie Bushwood, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Valerie Bushwood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
For over 25 years as a clinician I remain passionate in helping children, adolescents and families who are struggling with emotional issues and challenges. I provide services for a variety of issues for children and teens ages 3-18. My patient and compassionate approach promotes healing and positive changes. I utilize a strength based treatment to empower children and teens to be successful and emotionally stable. I establish positive relationships with my clients, even those who are initially resistant to therapy. I follow their lead, knowing that establishing trust is the first step in the therapeutic process.
For over 25 years as a clinician I remain passionate in helping children, adolescents and families who are struggling with emotional issues and challenges. I provide services for a variety of issues for children and teens ages 3-18. My patient and compassionate approach promotes healing and positive changes. I utilize a strength based treatment to empower children and teens to be successful and emotionally stable. I establish positive relationships with my clients, even those who are initially resistant to therapy. I follow their lead, knowing that establishing trust is the first step in the therapeutic process.
(480) 725-5267 View (480) 725-5267
Photo of Jennifer Rosenfeld, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jennifer Rosenfeld
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006
I have been a clinical therapist for over 25 years working primarily with children, adolescents, families, and young adults. I have worked with some of the more difficult needs that children and adolescents have with a specialty in attachment, trauma and adoption. Additionally, I have experience in social/peer issues, school problems and anxiety.
I have been a clinical therapist for over 25 years working primarily with children, adolescents, families, and young adults. I have worked with some of the more difficult needs that children and adolescents have with a specialty in attachment, trauma and adoption. Additionally, I have experience in social/peer issues, school problems and anxiety.
(516) 830-4803 View (516) 830-4803
Photo of Vaughn Tsoutsouris - Dr. Vaughn Tsoutsouris, PLLC, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Vaughn Tsoutsouris, PLLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006
The understanding of our the most authentic aspects of ourselves is at the core of successful psychotherapy. I believe that much of what disrupts us takes place at a level that we cannot access. A secure and non-judgmental relationship between the therapist and the patient in the present moment offers powerful opportunities for such growth to take place. Uncovering how the past has impacted the present is central to successful therapy. Being in private practice, my schedule is flexible and allows me to schedule patients in the morning, evening, and possibly the weekends.
The understanding of our the most authentic aspects of ourselves is at the core of successful psychotherapy. I believe that much of what disrupts us takes place at a level that we cannot access. A secure and non-judgmental relationship between the therapist and the patient in the present moment offers powerful opportunities for such growth to take place. Uncovering how the past has impacted the present is central to successful therapy. Being in private practice, my schedule is flexible and allows me to schedule patients in the morning, evening, and possibly the weekends.
(602) 714-8806 View (602) 714-8806
Photo of Angela F Bassett, LISAC, MS, BHP, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
Angela F Bassett
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LISAC, MS, BHP
Verified Verified
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
Do drugs and alcohol have a problem with you? Does it wreck havoc in one or more areas of your life? Do you "self-medicate" because you don't know how to deal with the pain that lives inside? Do you have childhood or other traumas you need to resolve? Are you anxious, stressed and have unhealthy habits to try to relax? Reaching out for help may be hard considering how society has stigmatized people who have addictive behavior. Did you know that treatment for Addiction can be easier than you thought? It can also be incredibly supportive, inspiring, and uplifting. Your life will drastically change when you take back control!
Do drugs and alcohol have a problem with you? Does it wreck havoc in one or more areas of your life? Do you "self-medicate" because you don't know how to deal with the pain that lives inside? Do you have childhood or other traumas you need to resolve? Are you anxious, stressed and have unhealthy habits to try to relax? Reaching out for help may be hard considering how society has stigmatized people who have addictive behavior. Did you know that treatment for Addiction can be easier than you thought? It can also be incredibly supportive, inspiring, and uplifting. Your life will drastically change when you take back control!
(928) 569-4896 View (928) 569-4896
Photo of Jillian Sperling, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jillian Sperling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006
I am excited to offer the services of my private therapy practice for children, adolescents, and their families, as well as adults, Through the Woods Therapy AZ, LLC.   For the past 13 years I have worked with children and their families who have struggled with issues including but not limited to: suicide attempts and ideation, homicidal ideation, family conflict, behavioral issues, aggression, anxiety, emotional and physical abuse, ADHD, defiance, and emotion dysregulation. I also provide therapy services for adults struggling with depression, anxiety, anger management, as well as other difficulties.
I am excited to offer the services of my private therapy practice for children, adolescents, and their families, as well as adults, Through the Woods Therapy AZ, LLC.   For the past 13 years I have worked with children and their families who have struggled with issues including but not limited to: suicide attempts and ideation, homicidal ideation, family conflict, behavioral issues, aggression, anxiety, emotional and physical abuse, ADHD, defiance, and emotion dysregulation. I also provide therapy services for adults struggling with depression, anxiety, anger management, as well as other difficulties.
(480) 853-1674 View (480) 853-1674
Photo of Brittney Arrey, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brittney Arrey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Phoenix, AZ 85006  (Online Only)
I have experience as a behavioral health clinician and a NICU social worker. I have worked with a variety of different age groups ranging from children as young as 4-years old to adults 65 and older. Through my experience I have found that I love working with the adult population. I work with anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and unexpected life events.
I have experience as a behavioral health clinician and a NICU social worker. I have worked with a variety of different age groups ranging from children as young as 4-years old to adults 65 and older. Through my experience I have found that I love working with the adult population. I work with anxiety, depression, grief and loss, and unexpected life events.
(623) 887-5658 View (623) 887-5658
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 85006

40+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 85006 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
83% Relationship Issues
80% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
68% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
88% Cigna and Evernorth
85% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in 85006 see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

74% Female
21% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 85006?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.