Photo of Mark D Varney, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mark D Varney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I have worked extensively with individuals across the life span with depression and anxiety using cognitive behavioral therapy, breath work and mindfulness. I see depression and anxiety as disorders of rumination, getting stuck in ruminative loops of thinking they cannot escape from. I understand that most humans will need some assistance as they deal with very complex relational and environmental stressors. Most clients have a difficult time with learning how to be observers of their thoughts and emotions. We do have good evidence that treatment can provide relief by developing habits that support change and restorative growth
I have worked extensively with individuals across the life span with depression and anxiety using cognitive behavioral therapy, breath work and mindfulness. I see depression and anxiety as disorders of rumination, getting stuck in ruminative loops of thinking they cannot escape from. I understand that most humans will need some assistance as they deal with very complex relational and environmental stressors. Most clients have a difficult time with learning how to be observers of their thoughts and emotions. We do have good evidence that treatment can provide relief by developing habits that support change and restorative growth
(269) 222-7382 View (269) 222-7382
Photo of Andrew Rajzer - Mind Grove Therapy Services Pllc, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Andrew Rajzer - Mind Grove Therapy Services Pllc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I have had the most effective therapy experiences serving clients from teenage years through adulthood, from every kind of background, ethnicity, economic status, and country. - Andrew
I have had the most effective therapy experiences serving clients from teenage years through adulthood, from every kind of background, ethnicity, economic status, and country. - Andrew
(269) 682-1022 View (269) 682-1022
Photo of Brianna Eick, MA, TMLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Brianna Eick
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, TMLP
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I strive to create an open, supportive, and collaborative environment in therapy. Working from a person-centered therapeutic approach, I believe that authenticity and unconditional positive regard are important in creating a safe space for clients to better understand themselves and grow. I strive to have an empathic and nonjudgmental attitude in therapy. I also focus on the therapist-client relationship according to an interpersonal process approach. I believe that the working relationship between client and therapist can support change and growth.
I strive to create an open, supportive, and collaborative environment in therapy. Working from a person-centered therapeutic approach, I believe that authenticity and unconditional positive regard are important in creating a safe space for clients to better understand themselves and grow. I strive to have an empathic and nonjudgmental attitude in therapy. I also focus on the therapist-client relationship according to an interpersonal process approach. I believe that the working relationship between client and therapist can support change and growth.
(269) 225-0970 View (269) 225-0970
Photo of Sheryl Lozowski-Sullivan - Integrated Behavioral Health Psychological Service
IBHPS specializes in scientifically proven methods of intervention and psychological assessments Psychological assessments include those for ADHD, autism spectrum in children and adults and diagnostic clarification. Interventions include child challenges (ages 2-adult) like toileting, feeding, anxiety, habit reversal, couple's and family therapy and CBT-Insomnia. IBHPS currently has two full-time psychologists and master's licensed psychologists working on their PhDs at Western Michigan University's Clinical Psychology Department.
IBHPS specializes in scientifically proven methods of intervention and psychological assessments Psychological assessments include those for ADHD, autism spectrum in children and adults and diagnostic clarification. Interventions include child challenges (ages 2-adult) like toileting, feeding, anxiety, habit reversal, couple's and family therapy and CBT-Insomnia. IBHPS currently has two full-time psychologists and master's licensed psychologists working on their PhDs at Western Michigan University's Clinical Psychology Department.
(269) 301-1694 View (269) 301-1694
Photo of Britany Vance, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Britany Vance
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Not accepting new clients
At the heart of effective counseling is a connection between the counselor and client. I strive to build that connection with you by providing a safe and affirming space where you feel validated, empowered, and comfortable sharing your story during your healing process. Whether you are experiencing daily life stressors, mood instability, or trauma, we can work together towards developing coping strategies, managing stress, and healing emotional wounds sustained over time.
At the heart of effective counseling is a connection between the counselor and client. I strive to build that connection with you by providing a safe and affirming space where you feel validated, empowered, and comfortable sharing your story during your healing process. Whether you are experiencing daily life stressors, mood instability, or trauma, we can work together towards developing coping strategies, managing stress, and healing emotional wounds sustained over time.
(269) 247-7657 View (269) 247-7657
Photo of Victor B Kesselly Jr., LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victor B Kesselly Jr.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I understand that each client comes with unique needs and experiences. I prioritize individualized care, tailoring therapy sessions to address specific concerns and goals. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or simply seeking personal growth, My approach is centered around your well-being and empowerment. What sets me apart is my commitment to evidence-based techniques combined with a compassionate and empathetic approach.
I understand that each client comes with unique needs and experiences. I prioritize individualized care, tailoring therapy sessions to address specific concerns and goals. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or simply seeking personal growth, My approach is centered around your well-being and empowerment. What sets me apart is my commitment to evidence-based techniques combined with a compassionate and empathetic approach.
(269) 291-0778 View (269) 291-0778
Photo of Alicia C Curry, MS, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Alicia C Curry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009  (Online Only)
At Alicia Curry LLC, we know that you want to enjoy peace in your life. The problem is that you’ve been doing it on your own for so long. You don’t think that anyone understands you, and therefore they can’t help you. This leads to isolation and overwhelm. We understand what it’s like to doubt that anyone can help you. We believe no one should ever walk through distress alone. This is why we have spent the last 18 years helping teenagers and women cope with toxic relationships, grief, loss, sexual harassment, trauma, abuse, anxiety, and depression so they can heal and have a more fulfilling life.
At Alicia Curry LLC, we know that you want to enjoy peace in your life. The problem is that you’ve been doing it on your own for so long. You don’t think that anyone understands you, and therefore they can’t help you. This leads to isolation and overwhelm. We understand what it’s like to doubt that anyone can help you. We believe no one should ever walk through distress alone. This is why we have spent the last 18 years helping teenagers and women cope with toxic relationships, grief, loss, sexual harassment, trauma, abuse, anxiety, and depression so they can heal and have a more fulfilling life.
(269) 421-0880 View (269) 421-0880
Photo of Janice Feller, LPC, CRC, CTRS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Janice Feller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CRC, CTRS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I believe that everyone struggles with life at times. I offer a supportive, caring, non-judgemental environment to work through any issues, struggles or concerns. I offer crisis, short term, and long term counseling. I work to get to know you and what you need. Together we will make a plan to address any struggles, concerns or issues that you may have. The hardest part of any journey is taking the first step. I am here to help and guide you on your journey.
I believe that everyone struggles with life at times. I offer a supportive, caring, non-judgemental environment to work through any issues, struggles or concerns. I offer crisis, short term, and long term counseling. I work to get to know you and what you need. Together we will make a plan to address any struggles, concerns or issues that you may have. The hardest part of any journey is taking the first step. I am here to help and guide you on your journey.
(269) 520-7394 View (269) 520-7394
Photo of Eric Stezowski, TLLP, SPADA, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Eric Stezowski
Limited Licensed Psychologist, TLLP, SPADA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I work with clients who have various types of trauma, and its effects on the individual and their environment. My experience in the field began with providing therapy for adults with substance use disorders and co-occurring mental heath disorders. I have worked with people who suffer with many different forms of trauma and traumatic experiences. I have also work with clients dealing with loss and grief. I have an extensive experience working as a first responder (firefighter, paramedic, and police officer) before I entered in to my career as a counselor. I also specialize in working with first responders and their unique needs.
I work with clients who have various types of trauma, and its effects on the individual and their environment. My experience in the field began with providing therapy for adults with substance use disorders and co-occurring mental heath disorders. I have worked with people who suffer with many different forms of trauma and traumatic experiences. I have also work with clients dealing with loss and grief. I have an extensive experience working as a first responder (firefighter, paramedic, and police officer) before I entered in to my career as a counselor. I also specialize in working with first responders and their unique needs.
(269) 301-6038 View (269) 301-6038
Photo of Jessi Ailstock, MA, LPC, ATR-BC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jessi Ailstock
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Taking the first step and knowing where to start can be hard, but I strive to help individuals find the tools and strength within themselves to move forward. Within the therapeutic experience I aim to provide a safe, understanding, and supportive environment for growth and healing. As a Board Certified Art Therapist, I integrate art therapy as an option for all clients, to provide a more nonverbal and non-judgmental form of expression.
Taking the first step and knowing where to start can be hard, but I strive to help individuals find the tools and strength within themselves to move forward. Within the therapeutic experience I aim to provide a safe, understanding, and supportive environment for growth and healing. As a Board Certified Art Therapist, I integrate art therapy as an option for all clients, to provide a more nonverbal and non-judgmental form of expression.
(269) 895-5207 View (269) 895-5207
Photo of Meredith Ries, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Meredith Ries
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009  (Online Only)
We all go through various challenges in life, and some may be easier to navigate alone than others. Just like going to a doctor to maintain your physical health, meeting with a counselor can be a vital part of maintaining your mental health. Therapy can provide you with the tools necessary for working through challenges in your life. As well as improving your overall wellness, counseling can also help you with developing a better understanding of yourself. Throughout the counseling process, you can develop skills for improving your relationships, coping with life stressors, and emotional pressures.
We all go through various challenges in life, and some may be easier to navigate alone than others. Just like going to a doctor to maintain your physical health, meeting with a counselor can be a vital part of maintaining your mental health. Therapy can provide you with the tools necessary for working through challenges in your life. As well as improving your overall wellness, counseling can also help you with developing a better understanding of yourself. Throughout the counseling process, you can develop skills for improving your relationships, coping with life stressors, and emotional pressures.
(269) 883-1185 View (269) 883-1185
Photo of Lisa M. Bailey, LLPC, Counselor
Lisa M. Bailey
Counselor, LLPC
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
A positive vibe between therapist and client is key to successful progress in therapy. A rich investment in yourself, relationships, and the quality of your life begin in an environment that is your own, where we work together to bring into focus a life that aligns with your deep authentic values as an individual, partner in a relationship, caregiver, family member, colleague, and friend. I work with individual adults and couples, inclusive of the LGBTQ community, and clients who are navigating growth and life transitions of any kind. My muse is human connections and I truly love bridging compassion and understanding.
A positive vibe between therapist and client is key to successful progress in therapy. A rich investment in yourself, relationships, and the quality of your life begin in an environment that is your own, where we work together to bring into focus a life that aligns with your deep authentic values as an individual, partner in a relationship, caregiver, family member, colleague, and friend. I work with individual adults and couples, inclusive of the LGBTQ community, and clients who are navigating growth and life transitions of any kind. My muse is human connections and I truly love bridging compassion and understanding.
(269) 230-4685 x269223 View (269) 230-4685 x269223
Photo of Leslie Johnsen - Child & Family Psychological Services, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Child & Family Psychological Services
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Child & Family Psychological Services is a full-service private practice offering psychological and counseling services in Kalamazoo, Portage, and Battle Creek and teletherapy services throughout Michigan. Our clients are all ages, from all walks of life and come to us with a wide range of concerns. If you need help getting to a better place in your life, we invite you to learn more about our professional services, areas of expertise and clinical staff. At CFPS, we like to say It’s About Relationships. Because how happy we are in our relationships — both with others and with ourselves — largely determines how happy we are in life.
Child & Family Psychological Services is a full-service private practice offering psychological and counseling services in Kalamazoo, Portage, and Battle Creek and teletherapy services throughout Michigan. Our clients are all ages, from all walks of life and come to us with a wide range of concerns. If you need help getting to a better place in your life, we invite you to learn more about our professional services, areas of expertise and clinical staff. At CFPS, we like to say It’s About Relationships. Because how happy we are in our relationships — both with others and with ourselves — largely determines how happy we are in life.
(269) 248-5537 View (269) 248-5537
Photo of Stephanie Cole-Conway, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Cole-Conway
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
I strive to help people achieve their goals, whatever they might be. I provide a caring, comfortable, and safe environment where we can work together. I want people to be able to share their thoughts, feelings, and ideas and work diligently to create the setting that supports that. I hope to provide people with the resources and information necessary for them to make changes and improve their life. I am very passionate about my work and look forward to the opportunity of helping people with their struggles and difficulties. My ultimate goal is to help people lead healthy, productive, and fulfilling lives.
I strive to help people achieve their goals, whatever they might be. I provide a caring, comfortable, and safe environment where we can work together. I want people to be able to share their thoughts, feelings, and ideas and work diligently to create the setting that supports that. I hope to provide people with the resources and information necessary for them to make changes and improve their life. I am very passionate about my work and look forward to the opportunity of helping people with their struggles and difficulties. My ultimate goal is to help people lead healthy, productive, and fulfilling lives.
(269) 742-4706 View (269) 742-4706
Photo of Casey J. Coker, LPC, LMFT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Casey J. Coker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Waitlist for new clients
We all have the need to be understood, valued, and supported just as we are right now. Healing comes from having a safe place to share your struggles and fears without judgment. I use compassion and empathy to support individuals, couples and families. I believe each person has a unique lived experience and a therapist is there to support and guide people to live a healthy, happy and fulfilling life. I have advanced training and specialize in attachment theory to support healing in people that have experienced trauma. I believe that our relationships are a central component in our health.
We all have the need to be understood, valued, and supported just as we are right now. Healing comes from having a safe place to share your struggles and fears without judgment. I use compassion and empathy to support individuals, couples and families. I believe each person has a unique lived experience and a therapist is there to support and guide people to live a healthy, happy and fulfilling life. I have advanced training and specialize in attachment theory to support healing in people that have experienced trauma. I believe that our relationships are a central component in our health.
(269) 266-5166 View (269) 266-5166
Photo of Megan Hildebrandt, MA, Licensed Professional Counselor
Megan Hildebrandt
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
The early years of a person’s life can provide the structure and foundation that shapes how they view the world around them, and how they view themselves. Giving someone the opportunity and tools to identify, process and embrace their thoughts and feelings can make all the difference in supporting someone in becoming who they will be. I specialize in helping children to learn how to embrace and cope with their strong emotions, behavioral struggles, and life changes using play therapy techniques and a strengths-based approach.
The early years of a person’s life can provide the structure and foundation that shapes how they view the world around them, and how they view themselves. Giving someone the opportunity and tools to identify, process and embrace their thoughts and feelings can make all the difference in supporting someone in becoming who they will be. I specialize in helping children to learn how to embrace and cope with their strong emotions, behavioral struggles, and life changes using play therapy techniques and a strengths-based approach.
(269) 399-4502 View (269) 399-4502
Photo of Nikki Harris, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nikki Harris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
“All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us” – J.R.R. Tolkien. Each of us has a choice to make about the type of life we want to live, and therapy is a great place to begin exploring our options and welcoming change. It can help us better understand what we want our lives to look like and how we can intentionally move in that direction. It offers awareness of the patterns and beliefs which shape our lives. I firmly believe by bringing awareness and intentionality to our lives, we connect with our true strength and have the opportunity to change our lives for the better.
“All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us” – J.R.R. Tolkien. Each of us has a choice to make about the type of life we want to live, and therapy is a great place to begin exploring our options and welcoming change. It can help us better understand what we want our lives to look like and how we can intentionally move in that direction. It offers awareness of the patterns and beliefs which shape our lives. I firmly believe by bringing awareness and intentionality to our lives, we connect with our true strength and have the opportunity to change our lives for the better.
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Photo of Willow Path Counseling Services - Willow Path Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Willow Path Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
We can sit here and tell you all about how experienced we are, how we have worked with all individuals and many mental health concerns, but when you look for a therapist, is that the most important thing that you look for? Maybe it is, or maybe you are looking for a therapist that you can relate to, that provides a warm and inviting environment. Maybe you want someone that can throw all rules aside and when you are having a bad day/week can be there just to listen. If you can relate, then Willow Path Counseling is the right place.
We can sit here and tell you all about how experienced we are, how we have worked with all individuals and many mental health concerns, but when you look for a therapist, is that the most important thing that you look for? Maybe it is, or maybe you are looking for a therapist that you can relate to, that provides a warm and inviting environment. Maybe you want someone that can throw all rules aside and when you are having a bad day/week can be there just to listen. If you can relate, then Willow Path Counseling is the right place.
(269) 290-7282 View (269) 290-7282
Photo of Laura Hinkley, MA, LPC, LLMFT, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Laura Hinkley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LLMFT, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Waitlist for new clients
I believe in the power of therapy to be a catalyst for growth, to gain new perspectives for tackling challenges, and to improve dynamics between individuals and within families. However, it all starts with relationship. I am committed to creating an inviting, safe space for my clients. My sixteen years as a progressive educator provide the roots of my growth-oriented approach and are the foundation on which I work to collaborate with clients when learning new skills, new perspectives or processing painful life events.
I believe in the power of therapy to be a catalyst for growth, to gain new perspectives for tackling challenges, and to improve dynamics between individuals and within families. However, it all starts with relationship. I am committed to creating an inviting, safe space for my clients. My sixteen years as a progressive educator provide the roots of my growth-oriented approach and are the foundation on which I work to collaborate with clients when learning new skills, new perspectives or processing painful life events.
(269) 743-5090 View (269) 743-5090
Photo of Justice N Spearritt, LMSW, CAADC, ADS, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Justice N Spearritt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW, CAADC, ADS
Verified Verified
Kalamazoo, MI 49009
Not accepting new clients
Who are we kidding? Life is crazy and we all need someone in our corner! You are a unique person, and your challenges are too. I'm here to help you make sense of the craziness. I grew up frequently moving between my parents and family, and untimely ended up in the foster care system. With substance abuse in my family system, being a child and adult child of a dysfunctional family is something with which I am very familiar. I decided to pursue my education and help others instead of perpetuating the toxic family system.
Who are we kidding? Life is crazy and we all need someone in our corner! You are a unique person, and your challenges are too. I'm here to help you make sense of the craziness. I grew up frequently moving between my parents and family, and untimely ended up in the foster care system. With substance abuse in my family system, being a child and adult child of a dysfunctional family is something with which I am very familiar. I decided to pursue my education and help others instead of perpetuating the toxic family system.
(269) 386-6479 View (269) 386-6479
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 49009

200+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 49009 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
92% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
75% Stress
71% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
69% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in 49009 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 49009?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.