Photo of Manjula Egan, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Manjula Egan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed out and having difficulty coping? Are you feeling anxious about current or past circumstances, depressed or perhaps stuck in old patterns and negativity, wondering how to move on? Do you feel ready to explore what is happening, make a change and take control of your life? If so, I can help support you. We will work together to help you find your way through this time in your life, to find more balance, ease and peace within yourself, your relationships and your life.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, stressed out and having difficulty coping? Are you feeling anxious about current or past circumstances, depressed or perhaps stuck in old patterns and negativity, wondering how to move on? Do you feel ready to explore what is happening, make a change and take control of your life? If so, I can help support you. We will work together to help you find your way through this time in your life, to find more balance, ease and peace within yourself, your relationships and your life.
(248) 292-3593 View (248) 292-3593
Photo of Diana Ashaka, MS, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Diana Ashaka
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MS, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients. Life can present many challenges, and it's not always easy to reach out for help. I provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to share and process their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Whether you're going through a difficult time, looking to find healthy and effective coping tools, or gain a better understanding of yourself and your relationships, I can tailor my approach to meet your individual needs.
Accepting new clients. Life can present many challenges, and it's not always easy to reach out for help. I provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to share and process their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Whether you're going through a difficult time, looking to find healthy and effective coping tools, or gain a better understanding of yourself and your relationships, I can tailor my approach to meet your individual needs.
(248) 325-8098 View (248) 325-8098
Photo of George L Vanderbossche, MA,  LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
George L Vanderbossche
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
George L. Vanderbossche is a Limited License Psychologist (LLP) with over 20 years experience working in community mental health and outpatient clinic settings. He provides specialized mental health services including assessment, treatment, psychological testing, consulting, and training services. George's specialty areas include: psychological testing, assessment and treatment of sexual addiction and sexual abuse. He was formally trained to work with sexual abuse in the Adolescent Sexual Abuser Program at The Children's Center in Detroit, Michigan where he worked closely and trained under Matthew Rosenberg, MSW, LMSW.
George L. Vanderbossche is a Limited License Psychologist (LLP) with over 20 years experience working in community mental health and outpatient clinic settings. He provides specialized mental health services including assessment, treatment, psychological testing, consulting, and training services. George's specialty areas include: psychological testing, assessment and treatment of sexual addiction and sexual abuse. He was formally trained to work with sexual abuse in the Adolescent Sexual Abuser Program at The Children's Center in Detroit, Michigan where he worked closely and trained under Matthew Rosenberg, MSW, LMSW.
(586) 275-0657 View (586) 275-0657
Photo of Megan S Oxley - Michigan Progressive Health- Ketamine Infusions, MD
IV KETAMINE INFUSIONS - Michigan Progressive Health is a ketamine infusion clinic under the care of Dr. Megan Oxley in Royal Oak, MI. We treat depression, chronic pain, PTSD, CRPS, OCD, bipolar disorder and fibromyalgia. Ketamine is used in low doses in our office to shut down overactive neurons and help make your brain healthier. Research studies show improvement in 70-80% of patients who are treated with this medication. A series of IV infusions is used to alleviate the symptoms of depression, chronic pain and other mood disorders. Visit our website for more information.
IV KETAMINE INFUSIONS - Michigan Progressive Health is a ketamine infusion clinic under the care of Dr. Megan Oxley in Royal Oak, MI. We treat depression, chronic pain, PTSD, CRPS, OCD, bipolar disorder and fibromyalgia. Ketamine is used in low doses in our office to shut down overactive neurons and help make your brain healthier. Research studies show improvement in 70-80% of patients who are treated with this medication. A series of IV infusions is used to alleviate the symptoms of depression, chronic pain and other mood disorders. Visit our website for more information.
(947) 800-5072 View (947) 800-5072
Photo of Joy Laurallee Cavanaugh, MA, LPC, Counselor
Joy Laurallee Cavanaugh
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068  (Online Only)
If you have hit a rough patch and need help sorting things through you can be sure that I will provide you with a safe and warm space to explore. I bring 20+ years of experience working with individuals and families. My approach is holistic and person centered with an emphasis on collaboration. You will find me to be compassionate yet no-nonsense. We provide a "Good Faith Estimate for Health Care Items and Services," under the No Surprises Act. My philosophy comes from Dr. Martin Luther King JR: "I can never be what I ought to be until you are what you are supposed to be....."
If you have hit a rough patch and need help sorting things through you can be sure that I will provide you with a safe and warm space to explore. I bring 20+ years of experience working with individuals and families. My approach is holistic and person centered with an emphasis on collaboration. You will find me to be compassionate yet no-nonsense. We provide a "Good Faith Estimate for Health Care Items and Services," under the No Surprises Act. My philosophy comes from Dr. Martin Luther King JR: "I can never be what I ought to be until you are what you are supposed to be....."
(248) 936-6547 View (248) 936-6547
Photo of Rita Clark, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rita Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Are you or your partners sexual behaviors causing distress in your life and your relationship? Are you stuck in the power struggle and in a gridlock in communication with your partner? I can help you have both relational and sexual conversations with your partner whether you come in together or individually. I also work with depression and anxiety disorders. My treatment approaches are Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Reality Therapy (RT), Solution Focused-Brief Therapy, Behavioral and Humanistic Therapies with an emphasis of using integrative approaches to maximize positive client outcomes.
Are you or your partners sexual behaviors causing distress in your life and your relationship? Are you stuck in the power struggle and in a gridlock in communication with your partner? I can help you have both relational and sexual conversations with your partner whether you come in together or individually. I also work with depression and anxiety disorders. My treatment approaches are Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Reality Therapy (RT), Solution Focused-Brief Therapy, Behavioral and Humanistic Therapies with an emphasis of using integrative approaches to maximize positive client outcomes.
(248) 292-3426 View (248) 292-3426
Photo of Bart A Burger, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Bart A Burger
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Therapy is a cooperative journey; your wellness is the destination. My goal is for you to find the greatest fulfillment in your life. I provide a peaceful, nurturing, creative environment where, together, we can find your answers. I serve as a mirror to help you see what you would like to improve, and what you might like to discard. Together, we will clarify your goals, identify your needs and create a healthy, lasting peace in your life.
Therapy is a cooperative journey; your wellness is the destination. My goal is for you to find the greatest fulfillment in your life. I provide a peaceful, nurturing, creative environment where, together, we can find your answers. I serve as a mirror to help you see what you would like to improve, and what you might like to discard. Together, we will clarify your goals, identify your needs and create a healthy, lasting peace in your life.
(248) 850-2909 View (248) 850-2909
The Brain Training Center, LLC
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
The Brain Training Center specializes in helping children and adults with ADD ADHD, impulse and focus issues. We are now doing biofeedback and neurobiofeedback remotely. We can do this by training you in your own home. It is easier than you would think once an initial intake is done. We also can assess (diagnose) if you suspect your child may have ADD or ADHD . We "train the brain"" to help get at the underlying problem, not just treat the symptom (as medications do). My website is www.trainyourbraincenter.com for more information. We can accept insurance even for remote training.
The Brain Training Center specializes in helping children and adults with ADD ADHD, impulse and focus issues. We are now doing biofeedback and neurobiofeedback remotely. We can do this by training you in your own home. It is easier than you would think once an initial intake is done. We also can assess (diagnose) if you suspect your child may have ADD or ADHD . We "train the brain"" to help get at the underlying problem, not just treat the symptom (as medications do). My website is www.trainyourbraincenter.com for more information. We can accept insurance even for remote training.
(248) 703-6943 View (248) 703-6943
Photo of Dr. Kirk David Duncan - Advanced Counseling & Recovery, PhD, LLP, CAADC, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Advanced Counseling & Recovery
Limited Licensed Psychologist, PhD, LLP, CAADC
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Assisting with achieving the impossible. Miracles happen every day!
Assisting with achieving the impossible. Miracles happen every day!
(248) 572-1678 View (248) 572-1678
Photo of Nancy Jaafar, MA, CHT, TLLP, NLP, LifeCoa
Nancy Jaafar
MA, CHT, TLLP, NLP, LifeCoa
Not Verified Not Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
I hold a Master’s degree in Psychology with over 18 years of experience in the field of Mental Health and is a Board-Certified Hypnotherapist. My training in Hypnotherapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Neuro-Emotional Technique and Life Coaching, has further afforded me the opportunity to incorporate therapy on both the conscious and subconscious levels. I have customized an extremely dynamic emotional detox program which has resulted in unprecedented successes for clients, at significantly faster rates than traditional therapy alone and has left clients raving.
I hold a Master’s degree in Psychology with over 18 years of experience in the field of Mental Health and is a Board-Certified Hypnotherapist. My training in Hypnotherapy, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, Neuro-Emotional Technique and Life Coaching, has further afforded me the opportunity to incorporate therapy on both the conscious and subconscious levels. I have customized an extremely dynamic emotional detox program which has resulted in unprecedented successes for clients, at significantly faster rates than traditional therapy alone and has left clients raving.
(313) 263-5118 View (313) 263-5118
Photo of Lindsay LaBoda, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lindsay LaBoda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my focus is to help provide support for individuals, children and families in a nurturing and empathic environment. My goal is to create a safe and comfortable space in which you are in control of your own goals in treatment. I encourage an open therapeutic relationship to help individuals, parents or children feel emotionally supported and able to genuinely express themselves. I work to provide individuals and families with the tools to effectively move toward a positive change.
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my focus is to help provide support for individuals, children and families in a nurturing and empathic environment. My goal is to create a safe and comfortable space in which you are in control of your own goals in treatment. I encourage an open therapeutic relationship to help individuals, parents or children feel emotionally supported and able to genuinely express themselves. I work to provide individuals and families with the tools to effectively move toward a positive change.
(248) 997-4392 View (248) 997-4392
Photo of Cynthia J MacLeod, PsyD, LP, MFA, Psychologist
Cynthia J MacLeod
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, MFA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068  (Online Only)
I have a lifelong interest in collaborating with people who want to grow toward healthier relationships, optimum expression of life purpose, and balancing aspects of Self. Together, we build a space for curiosity about self, beginning where you are, and proceeding at your pace. I see a wide range of people including trauma survivors, artists, and LGBTQ+ folx. I have a general practice, and I specialize in trauma and dissociation. I love helping people through life transition. I don't treat substance abuse. I believe daily pot use stifles growth/change capacity, so I have found that therapy is not very useful until you have quit.
I have a lifelong interest in collaborating with people who want to grow toward healthier relationships, optimum expression of life purpose, and balancing aspects of Self. Together, we build a space for curiosity about self, beginning where you are, and proceeding at your pace. I see a wide range of people including trauma survivors, artists, and LGBTQ+ folx. I have a general practice, and I specialize in trauma and dissociation. I love helping people through life transition. I don't treat substance abuse. I believe daily pot use stifles growth/change capacity, so I have found that therapy is not very useful until you have quit.
(248) 759-5017 View (248) 759-5017
Photo of Lena Agree, JD, PsyD, LP, Psychologist
Lena Agree
Psychologist, JD, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
I will help you become the architect of your own life - overcoming the internal obstacles that prevent you from experiencing, freedom, control & happiness. You may wish to conquer a strategic goal, or address a more complex problem - relational, emotional, professional or behavioral - or perhaps something you cannot define. I am adept at understanding human dynamics, and can bring clarity to your mental chaos or confusion. I'm comfortable with all manner of personal experience and emotional expression. I will approach you with genuine interest, compassion & non-judgmental curiosity.
I will help you become the architect of your own life - overcoming the internal obstacles that prevent you from experiencing, freedom, control & happiness. You may wish to conquer a strategic goal, or address a more complex problem - relational, emotional, professional or behavioral - or perhaps something you cannot define. I am adept at understanding human dynamics, and can bring clarity to your mental chaos or confusion. I'm comfortable with all manner of personal experience and emotional expression. I will approach you with genuine interest, compassion & non-judgmental curiosity.
(248) 213-6421 View (248) 213-6421
Photo of Lisa LaSala, PhD, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa LaSala
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LMSW
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Many people struggle with feelings of insecurity, fears and doubts in their lives. They begin to notice the same patterns over and over again that don't seem to be working in terms of adding happiness and security to their everyday life. As a psychotherapist with 25 years of experience, I engage with each client with empathy, compassion, knowledge and understanding. If you experience difficulty coping and feel overwhelmed - I can help offer a balanced perspective.
Many people struggle with feelings of insecurity, fears and doubts in their lives. They begin to notice the same patterns over and over again that don't seem to be working in terms of adding happiness and security to their everyday life. As a psychotherapist with 25 years of experience, I engage with each client with empathy, compassion, knowledge and understanding. If you experience difficulty coping and feel overwhelmed - I can help offer a balanced perspective.
(248) 688-0145 View (248) 688-0145
Photo of Heidi Ann Dudgeon, MA, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Heidi Ann Dudgeon
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
As a co-creator of wellness, my practice endorses the art of personalized healing. My compassionate, creative, client-centered focus draws from the wisdom of several established disciplines to facilitate optimal health through the application of techniques derived from psychological, counseling, mindfulness, multicultural philosophy, spiritual counseling and the expressive arts. My practice builds upon an individual's strengths, enhances expression and increases personal insight and well-being. Ultimately, my goal is to facilitate a safe, trusting and peaceful space in which my clients can heal, grow and ultimately thrive.
As a co-creator of wellness, my practice endorses the art of personalized healing. My compassionate, creative, client-centered focus draws from the wisdom of several established disciplines to facilitate optimal health through the application of techniques derived from psychological, counseling, mindfulness, multicultural philosophy, spiritual counseling and the expressive arts. My practice builds upon an individual's strengths, enhances expression and increases personal insight and well-being. Ultimately, my goal is to facilitate a safe, trusting and peaceful space in which my clients can heal, grow and ultimately thrive.
(949) 528-3457 View (949) 528-3457
Photo of Diluckshi Benjamin, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Diluckshi Benjamin
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Life is complicated, stressful, frustrating, and unpredictable. Do you ever feel the pressures of life getting you down? If your goal is to break down the barriers that are holding you back, we can work together to break it down and build it back the way you want it built. I have experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. The value of therapy is so you don’t have to go on this journey on your own. With guidance and understanding, you can make sense of the world around you.
Life is complicated, stressful, frustrating, and unpredictable. Do you ever feel the pressures of life getting you down? If your goal is to break down the barriers that are holding you back, we can work together to break it down and build it back the way you want it built. I have experience working with individuals with depression, anxiety, and self-esteem. The value of therapy is so you don’t have to go on this journey on your own. With guidance and understanding, you can make sense of the world around you.
(586) 846-4835 View (586) 846-4835
Photo of Laura Dziekiewicz, LCSW, TIYT, CYT-200, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura Dziekiewicz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, TIYT, CYT-200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
I help women in their 20's, 30's and 40's who are experiencing anxiety, chronic stress, relationship struggles, symptoms of depression and postpartum anxiety and depression to feel relief from painful symptoms by providing a safe space to gain insight and perspective and to develop healthy coping skills and habits. I can relate to your issues while bringing the wisdom of years in clinical practice and the understanding of the importance of mind/body approaches to healing and health.
I help women in their 20's, 30's and 40's who are experiencing anxiety, chronic stress, relationship struggles, symptoms of depression and postpartum anxiety and depression to feel relief from painful symptoms by providing a safe space to gain insight and perspective and to develop healthy coping skills and habits. I can relate to your issues while bringing the wisdom of years in clinical practice and the understanding of the importance of mind/body approaches to healing and health.
(773) 985-2836 View (773) 985-2836
Photo of Angela Marie Hunter - Restoration U, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Restoration U
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48068
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
(248) 970-1417 View (248) 970-1417
Photo of Britni Burton, MA, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Britni Burton
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068  (Online Only)
My style is conversational, as I can be both a curious listener and also a gentle, unbiased person providing you with feedback to bring discoveries or awareness to parts of your life that you might not have realized before. My role is to be your guide, your emotional/mental health teammate, your cheerleader, for every person I work with.
My style is conversational, as I can be both a curious listener and also a gentle, unbiased person providing you with feedback to bring discoveries or awareness to parts of your life that you might not have realized before. My role is to be your guide, your emotional/mental health teammate, your cheerleader, for every person I work with.
(586) 500-6150 View (586) 500-6150
Photo of Rachel M Levy, LLMSW
Rachel M Levy
Master Social Worker, LLMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Royal Oak, MI 48068
People make the choice to seek out therapy for many reasons. You might be gearing up for a transition of some sort, seeking specific feedback on a behavior or choice, experiencing a life-change, working through a trauma, or just getting curious about what mental health therapy could offer you. Whatever is bringing you to read this bio, I welcome you and I applaud your courage in taking this step in your wellness journey.
People make the choice to seek out therapy for many reasons. You might be gearing up for a transition of some sort, seeking specific feedback on a behavior or choice, experiencing a life-change, working through a trauma, or just getting curious about what mental health therapy could offer you. Whatever is bringing you to read this bio, I welcome you and I applaud your courage in taking this step in your wellness journey.
(248) 780-0953 View (248) 780-0953
1

See more therapy options for 48068

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 48068

40+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 48068 who prioritize treating:

98% Anxiety
93% Depression
86% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
76% Grief
71% Coping Skills
64% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

92% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Aetna
50% Blue Care Network

How Therapists in 48068 see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
23% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 48068?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.