Photo of Samantha Christopher, PhD, Psychologist
Samantha Christopher
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
Life is a complex story woven from our experiences, beliefs, and feelings. Each of us carries a unique history, shaped by childhood memories and significant life events, which can influence the stories we tell about ourselves and our lives. The more challenging experiences we encounter may make us feel stuck or overwhelmed, but therapy can offer a way through! If you're looking to take control of your life, find your path, or seek personal growth and insight, I am here to guide and support you on this journey.
Life is a complex story woven from our experiences, beliefs, and feelings. Each of us carries a unique history, shaped by childhood memories and significant life events, which can influence the stories we tell about ourselves and our lives. The more challenging experiences we encounter may make us feel stuck or overwhelmed, but therapy can offer a way through! If you're looking to take control of your life, find your path, or seek personal growth and insight, I am here to guide and support you on this journey.
(740) 292-0105 View (740) 292-0105
Photo of Drea Renzelli - Drea Renzelli- EMDR Intensive Therapy, MSW, LISW-S, LICSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Drea Renzelli- EMDR Intensive Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
Are you experiencing symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression? Are you struggling to navigate unhealthy or abusive relationships? Or maybe it’s difficult for you to establish heathy boundaries and you notice the same problems keep coming up in many of your relationships. EMDR intensive therapy can help get to the root of these issues more quickly than traditional talk therapy. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker who has been helping clients with these issues since completing my Master of Social Work in 2005.
(740) 249-1406 View (740) 249-1406
Photo of Brittney R Doll - Brittney R Doll LLC, PsyD, LCMFT, IMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Brittney R Doll LLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LCMFT, IMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Athens, OH 45701
Do you struggle with coercive relationships and/or religious trauma? Together, we can work on assertiveness, boundaries, and codependency issues. Certified in EMDR trauma therapy, as well as EFT, hypnotherapy, and mindfulness practices, I am passionate about providing a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore your own healing and personal empowerment.
Do you struggle with coercive relationships and/or religious trauma? Together, we can work on assertiveness, boundaries, and codependency issues. Certified in EMDR trauma therapy, as well as EFT, hypnotherapy, and mindfulness practices, I am passionate about providing a safe, non-judgmental space for you to explore your own healing and personal empowerment.
(740) 715-4982 View (740) 715-4982
Photo of Corrie Callaghan, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Corrie Callaghan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
If you find yourself feeling anxious, depressed, or quick-tempered, or less "yourself" than usual, engaging in therapy is a great decision. Coping skills can be learned, and you can start to feel better now. I have worked with people experiencing difficult life transitions, grief, anxiety, depression, anger problems, relationship issues, trauma, parenting concerns, and more. I work with adults ages 18 and up, and I am most comfortable working with people who are ready to try new strategies outside of therapy to make changes in their lives. I am licensed in 6 states and can see clients located in OH, KY, MO, MN, OK, and TN.
If you find yourself feeling anxious, depressed, or quick-tempered, or less "yourself" than usual, engaging in therapy is a great decision. Coping skills can be learned, and you can start to feel better now. I have worked with people experiencing difficult life transitions, grief, anxiety, depression, anger problems, relationship issues, trauma, parenting concerns, and more. I work with adults ages 18 and up, and I am most comfortable working with people who are ready to try new strategies outside of therapy to make changes in their lives. I am licensed in 6 states and can see clients located in OH, KY, MO, MN, OK, and TN.
(740) 625-2216 View (740) 625-2216
Photo of Dr. Christy Lyons, PhD, LMHC, Counselor
Dr. Christy Lyons
Counselor, PhD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
I specialize in helping individuals or couples manage issues that often accompany separation and divorce using the principles in my book: “How to Divorce Cooperatively and Live Healthily Ever After”. Additionally, I work with adults who are navigating various other relationship issues and life transitions including parenthood, empty nesting, career changes, substance use recovery, and death of a loved one. I utilize an integrated approach drawing predominately from humanistic and family systems schools of thought.
I specialize in helping individuals or couples manage issues that often accompany separation and divorce using the principles in my book: “How to Divorce Cooperatively and Live Healthily Ever After”. Additionally, I work with adults who are navigating various other relationship issues and life transitions including parenthood, empty nesting, career changes, substance use recovery, and death of a loved one. I utilize an integrated approach drawing predominately from humanistic and family systems schools of thought.
(740) 217-4979 View (740) 217-4979
Photo of Megan Austin - Ohio University Psychology and Social Work Clinic, PhD, Psychologist
Ohio University Psychology and Social Work Clinic
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Waitlist for new clients
The Ohio University Psychology and Social Work Clinic (PSWC) is here to help with comprehensive assessment and therapy services. The PSWC is a supportive, affirming outpatient mental health clinic that is primarily staffed by doctoral student therapists of the OU Clinical Psychology program under the supervision of licensed psychologists. We offer evidence-based outpatient individual, family, and group therapy. In addition, the PSWC is able to provide comprehensive psychological and neuropsychological assessments for concerns such ADHD, learning disabilities, dementia, and more.
The Ohio University Psychology and Social Work Clinic (PSWC) is here to help with comprehensive assessment and therapy services. The PSWC is a supportive, affirming outpatient mental health clinic that is primarily staffed by doctoral student therapists of the OU Clinical Psychology program under the supervision of licensed psychologists. We offer evidence-based outpatient individual, family, and group therapy. In addition, the PSWC is able to provide comprehensive psychological and neuropsychological assessments for concerns such ADHD, learning disabilities, dementia, and more.
(740) 276-2811 View (740) 276-2811
Photo of Jordan Pepper, LPCC
Jordan Pepper
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Waitlist for new clients
My hope is that I can work with individuals to help them figure out what is best for their life and their own unique situation. Sometimes we need help deciding what to do next or getting back on the right track. I operate from a Person-Centered approach and I like to do frequent "check-ins" with my client to see if they like the pace and style or if they need more direction and confrontation.
My hope is that I can work with individuals to help them figure out what is best for their life and their own unique situation. Sometimes we need help deciding what to do next or getting back on the right track. I operate from a Person-Centered approach and I like to do frequent "check-ins" with my client to see if they like the pace and style or if they need more direction and confrontation.
(740) 720-5035 View (740) 720-5035
Photo of Jennifer Yoder-Clevidence, MEd, LPC, MS,  RD , Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Yoder-Clevidence
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, MS, RD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
Feeling overwhelmed, lost, or like you're going through it alone? You're not. Many adults struggle with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and other mental health concerns. That's why I created a warm, supportive space for you to heal and grow - right from the comfort of your own home. I believe in creating a safe and collaborative space to develop healthy coping mechanisms and build a life filled with more joy and acceptance of yourself.
Feeling overwhelmed, lost, or like you're going through it alone? You're not. Many adults struggle with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, and other mental health concerns. That's why I created a warm, supportive space for you to heal and grow - right from the comfort of your own home. I believe in creating a safe and collaborative space to develop healthy coping mechanisms and build a life filled with more joy and acceptance of yourself.
(740) 273-3942 View (740) 273-3942
Photo of Heather Rae Cooper, LPCC, MEd
Heather Rae Cooper
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC, MEd
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
Heather is an experienced Master's level Clinical Mental Health Therapist (LPCC) providing individual therapy and has a passion for working in integrated health. It is her special interest to work with marginalized populations, including individuals within the LGBTQIA+ population.
Heather is an experienced Master's level Clinical Mental Health Therapist (LPCC) providing individual therapy and has a passion for working in integrated health. It is her special interest to work with marginalized populations, including individuals within the LGBTQIA+ population.
(740) 679-6457 View (740) 679-6457
Photo of Mary E Vacca, BS, MS, LPCC, NCC
Mary E Vacca
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, BS, MS, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
It is my joy to help clients overcome obstacles that impede their path to the achievement of their overall well being. I have worked with diverse populations spanning the age range from 6 to 92. I enjoy working with clients to address their developmental and adult traumas, and the wide range of associated co-morbid symptoms and diagnoses. Problems with interpersonal relationships are often the foundation of mental health issues. I work with individuals, couples and families and I take the time to understand the problems with which they present, and the goals to which they aspire.
It is my joy to help clients overcome obstacles that impede their path to the achievement of their overall well being. I have worked with diverse populations spanning the age range from 6 to 92. I enjoy working with clients to address their developmental and adult traumas, and the wide range of associated co-morbid symptoms and diagnoses. Problems with interpersonal relationships are often the foundation of mental health issues. I work with individuals, couples and families and I take the time to understand the problems with which they present, and the goals to which they aspire.
(740) 921-1148 View (740) 921-1148
Photo of Ken Renfrow, LPCC
Ken Renfrow
LPCC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
It takes insight to make the decision to seek counseling for an improved sense of wellbeing, healing, and growth. I have enormous respect for your willingness to begin that journey. I enjoy my work as a helping professional and it would be a pleasure to work with you. Together we will work towards towards building self-awareness, meaning and purpose, and to address your areas of concern such as depression, anxiety, trauma reactions, self-esteem, and challenging externals such as in your relationships, your work, and your academic pursuits, as well as health challenges.
It takes insight to make the decision to seek counseling for an improved sense of wellbeing, healing, and growth. I have enormous respect for your willingness to begin that journey. I enjoy my work as a helping professional and it would be a pleasure to work with you. Together we will work towards towards building self-awareness, meaning and purpose, and to address your areas of concern such as depression, anxiety, trauma reactions, self-esteem, and challenging externals such as in your relationships, your work, and your academic pursuits, as well as health challenges.
(740) 247-5696 View (740) 247-5696
Photo of Amy J. Smith, MSW, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amy J. Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
I provide mostly trauma-informed care to women, and couples therapy. I want to help you clarify whatever it is you want to heal. What is it that you aren't getting from your environment that leads you to overwork, over think, isolate or continue habits you already know don't serve you? To communicate better in your relationships I will use what I’ve learned to help guide you in how to disagree without hurting, highlight what is already working, and uncover the struggles you face to get to the core reasons why we get stuck. I help women with ADHD, OCD, and other anxiety disorders. The label doesn't matter as much as you do.
I provide mostly trauma-informed care to women, and couples therapy. I want to help you clarify whatever it is you want to heal. What is it that you aren't getting from your environment that leads you to overwork, over think, isolate or continue habits you already know don't serve you? To communicate better in your relationships I will use what I’ve learned to help guide you in how to disagree without hurting, highlight what is already working, and uncover the struggles you face to get to the core reasons why we get stuck. I help women with ADHD, OCD, and other anxiety disorders. The label doesn't matter as much as you do.
(740) 279-2829 View (740) 279-2829
Photo of Brian Bors, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brian Bors
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Above all else, I believe in your capacity for self actualization. We possess an innate ability to confront, metabolize, and overcome life's most challenging obstacles. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with both a Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree in Social Work. Since 2011, I have worked in various settings, including community mental health, housing, youth residential treatment, and private practice. I've worked with people with mental health concerns including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, crisis, grief, relationship challenges, and major life transitions.
Above all else, I believe in your capacity for self actualization. We possess an innate ability to confront, metabolize, and overcome life's most challenging obstacles. I am a Licensed Independent Social Worker with both a Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree in Social Work. Since 2011, I have worked in various settings, including community mental health, housing, youth residential treatment, and private practice. I've worked with people with mental health concerns including anxiety, depression, stress, trauma, crisis, grief, relationship challenges, and major life transitions.
(740) 440-2904 View (740) 440-2904
Photo of Katherine Daniels, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katherine Daniels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Katie specializes in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma. Her dedication to helping others extends to people of all ages, but she has a particular passion for working with adolescents and young adults. Katie assists individuals in navigating through grief and loss, managing chronic stress and illness, and exploring identity and relationship issues. Katie works with individuals who would like to learn to better manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma.
Katie specializes in working with individuals who have experienced complex trauma. Her dedication to helping others extends to people of all ages, but she has a particular passion for working with adolescents and young adults. Katie assists individuals in navigating through grief and loss, managing chronic stress and illness, and exploring identity and relationship issues. Katie works with individuals who would like to learn to better manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma.
(740) 318-0657 View (740) 318-0657
Photo of Bill DeFelice, LPCC, Counselor
Bill DeFelice
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Bill DeFelice and I'm excited to meet with you! Together we'll start your process of working on your goals and taking steps to feel more like yourself. My ideal client is willing to work harder than I will in treatment to make his/her situation improve. Their issue is a combination of things or something alone. This would fall under depression, bipolar disorder, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, or ADHD. They want to get back to a minimun level of normalcy in their life. I provide assistance through teaching and direction along with support. I don't believe in the phrase "I can help you."
Hello, I'm Bill DeFelice and I'm excited to meet with you! Together we'll start your process of working on your goals and taking steps to feel more like yourself. My ideal client is willing to work harder than I will in treatment to make his/her situation improve. Their issue is a combination of things or something alone. This would fall under depression, bipolar disorder, Anxiety, Panic Attacks, or ADHD. They want to get back to a minimun level of normalcy in their life. I provide assistance through teaching and direction along with support. I don't believe in the phrase "I can help you."
(740) 561-0843 View (740) 561-0843
Photo of Leanna Pittsenbarger, PsyD, Psychologist
Leanna Pittsenbarger
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Dr. Pittsenbarger specializes in psychological and psychoeducational assessments in children and adults, with the goal of making the testing process as comfortable as possible and administering thorough testing batteries, providing diagnostic clarity, and creating recommendations for what to do next. Dr. Pittsenbarger utilizes a blend of psychodynamic, interpersonal, and feminist therapy in her work with her clients, while incorporating components of mindfulness and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) skills.
Dr. Pittsenbarger specializes in psychological and psychoeducational assessments in children and adults, with the goal of making the testing process as comfortable as possible and administering thorough testing batteries, providing diagnostic clarity, and creating recommendations for what to do next. Dr. Pittsenbarger utilizes a blend of psychodynamic, interpersonal, and feminist therapy in her work with her clients, while incorporating components of mindfulness and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) skills.
(937) 365-9671 View (937) 365-9671
Photo of Heather Mitchell, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Heather Mitchell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
It is a privilege to work with clients who have experienced trauma and are ready to take the next step toward healing. Over the course of my career, I have worked with survivors of domestic and sexual violence, human trafficking, stalking, immigrants, refugees, and aslyees, as well as folks with anxiety and depression. I have worked with many single mothers, people in recovery, people facing difficult choices, and folks who just need an empathetic ear. I would love to support you through the process of healing from trauma and creating the life you want.
It is a privilege to work with clients who have experienced trauma and are ready to take the next step toward healing. Over the course of my career, I have worked with survivors of domestic and sexual violence, human trafficking, stalking, immigrants, refugees, and aslyees, as well as folks with anxiety and depression. I have worked with many single mothers, people in recovery, people facing difficult choices, and folks who just need an empathetic ear. I would love to support you through the process of healing from trauma and creating the life you want.
(216) 284-4499 View (216) 284-4499
Photo of Bradford Meyers, PsyD, Psychologist
Bradford Meyers
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701
Building a trusting, collaborative relationship is at the forefront of my work, though I’m aware this looks differently with each of my clients. I see the process of change as occurring in the context of relationships and through exploration of patterns that may be preventing one from living a fulfilling life. Through the discovery of these patterns, we can begin to understand how to live life more genuinely. I am a relational and psychodynamic therapist who incorporates various therapeutic approaches and interventions, including cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques.
Building a trusting, collaborative relationship is at the forefront of my work, though I’m aware this looks differently with each of my clients. I see the process of change as occurring in the context of relationships and through exploration of patterns that may be preventing one from living a fulfilling life. Through the discovery of these patterns, we can begin to understand how to live life more genuinely. I am a relational and psychodynamic therapist who incorporates various therapeutic approaches and interventions, including cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques.
(740) 520-4363 View (740) 520-4363
Photo of Rebecca Faith Rich-Fidler, MA, LPCC-S, LICDC
Rebecca Faith Rich-Fidler
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Athens, OH 45701
Please call me Faith. Having lived and worked in Hocking Co (Ohio), for the better part of 35 years. If you're looking for a comfortable setting, with a calm atmosphere, then you've come to the right place. I specialize in marriage/relationship (Gottman trained), anxiety, depression, bipolar, and trauma (EMDR trained), and working with adults, 18+. If you're looking for insight, experience, clinical expertise, and a healthy dose of wisdom, email or call today. PLEASE note, if you send an email, check your junkmail folder for a reply, as they often land there first.
Please call me Faith. Having lived and worked in Hocking Co (Ohio), for the better part of 35 years. If you're looking for a comfortable setting, with a calm atmosphere, then you've come to the right place. I specialize in marriage/relationship (Gottman trained), anxiety, depression, bipolar, and trauma (EMDR trained), and working with adults, 18+. If you're looking for insight, experience, clinical expertise, and a healthy dose of wisdom, email or call today. PLEASE note, if you send an email, check your junkmail folder for a reply, as they often land there first.
(740) 513-3078 View (740) 513-3078
Photo of Judith Smithchild, MEd, LPCC, LICDC, NCC, Counselor
Judith Smithchild
Counselor, MEd, LPCC, LICDC, NCC
Verified Verified
Athens, OH 45701  (Online Only)
I have been providing quality psychotherapy services in Ohio for over 35 years. I have been offering video-audio TELETHERAPY sessions on-line to Ohio residents only with pre-approved insurance payors or self-pay for the past three years. I am skilled, patient, & effective in helping other with current/chronic distressing issues or situations. I counsel clients to learn effective communication & self-care skills to help improve the quality of their life and relationships. I work with couples to heal broken trust in relationships impacted by emotional or physical affairs.
I have been providing quality psychotherapy services in Ohio for over 35 years. I have been offering video-audio TELETHERAPY sessions on-line to Ohio residents only with pre-approved insurance payors or self-pay for the past three years. I am skilled, patient, & effective in helping other with current/chronic distressing issues or situations. I counsel clients to learn effective communication & self-care skills to help improve the quality of their life and relationships. I work with couples to heal broken trust in relationships impacted by emotional or physical affairs.
(740) 358-0849 View (740) 358-0849

See more therapy options for 45701

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 45701

40+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in 45701 who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
93% Depression
85% Trauma and PTSD
78% Self Esteem
76% Women's Issues
76% Stress
71% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
81% Aetna
72% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 45701 see their clients

56% Online Only
44% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
13% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 45701?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.