Photo of Eleanor Nottingham, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Eleanor Nottingham
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
We all experience the messiness of life, but not everyone seeks help. I know from personal experience that asking for help can be the most difficult step, and I want to make your mental health journey as rewarding as possible. As a recent graduate from Trevecca Nazarene University with a masters in Marriage and Family Counseling, I am committed to helping my clients make lasting change in their lives. I offer a warm and compassionate style of therapy, meeting every client where they are right now. My goal is to create a safe space where each client feels heard, understood, and accepted.
We all experience the messiness of life, but not everyone seeks help. I know from personal experience that asking for help can be the most difficult step, and I want to make your mental health journey as rewarding as possible. As a recent graduate from Trevecca Nazarene University with a masters in Marriage and Family Counseling, I am committed to helping my clients make lasting change in their lives. I offer a warm and compassionate style of therapy, meeting every client where they are right now. My goal is to create a safe space where each client feels heard, understood, and accepted.
(615) 219-4587 View (615) 219-4587
Photo of Gwendolyn Cane, MA, NCC, LPC, MHSP, PMH-C, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gwendolyn Cane
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC, MHSP, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
You have made a big step to reach out for help. I can only imagine all of what you are feeling in this moment. I am so proud of you for beginning your journey towards becoming a happier and healthier you. It will be my pleasure to assist and encourage you on reaching your mental health goals with empathy and understanding.
You have made a big step to reach out for help. I can only imagine all of what you are feeling in this moment. I am so proud of you for beginning your journey towards becoming a happier and healthier you. It will be my pleasure to assist and encourage you on reaching your mental health goals with empathy and understanding.
(615) 437-4165 View (615) 437-4165
Photo of Molly Miller, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Molly Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I have worked with many adolescents, young adults, families and couples desiring to have a better self esteem, coping skills, communication skills, parenting skills, and a trustworthy relationship with others. Many of them are fighting the battle of anxiety, depression, difficult life changes, parenting, victimization, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD. They desire a place of peace, to heal, change, and grow into the family, couple or individual they want to be.
I have worked with many adolescents, young adults, families and couples desiring to have a better self esteem, coping skills, communication skills, parenting skills, and a trustworthy relationship with others. Many of them are fighting the battle of anxiety, depression, difficult life changes, parenting, victimization, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD. They desire a place of peace, to heal, change, and grow into the family, couple or individual they want to be.
(615) 640-3178 View (615) 640-3178
Photo of Jeff Barbour, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jeff Barbour
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Are you a busy professional grappling with overwhelming anxiety or are you and your partner caught in a cycle of conflicts, feeling distant and disconnected? Are the stresses of work, relationships, life transitions, or loss of self-worth weighing you down? Let's rewrite your story together, transforming your struggles into triumphs. Explore further to discover how we can collaborate on crafting the next chapter of your journey towards fulfillment and peace.
Are you a busy professional grappling with overwhelming anxiety or are you and your partner caught in a cycle of conflicts, feeling distant and disconnected? Are the stresses of work, relationships, life transitions, or loss of self-worth weighing you down? Let's rewrite your story together, transforming your struggles into triumphs. Explore further to discover how we can collaborate on crafting the next chapter of your journey towards fulfillment and peace.
(629) 302-3271 View (629) 302-3271
Photo of Ashley McMillen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ashley McMillen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
Updated availability- now accepting new clients on Thursdays (virtual appointments). While you are the expert in your own life, I will help you restructure your thinking to achieve your goals and to live a life of purpose. My integrative and evidence-based approach is solution-focused, strengths-based, and is rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy. I work in collaboration with my clients to set and meet individualized goals specific to each unique situation. With 2 decades of experience in the field of mental health, my priority is to help you feel better as soon as possible.
Updated availability- now accepting new clients on Thursdays (virtual appointments). While you are the expert in your own life, I will help you restructure your thinking to achieve your goals and to live a life of purpose. My integrative and evidence-based approach is solution-focused, strengths-based, and is rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy. I work in collaboration with my clients to set and meet individualized goals specific to each unique situation. With 2 decades of experience in the field of mental health, my priority is to help you feel better as soon as possible.
(615) 200-8170 View (615) 200-8170
Photo of Brandy Dunn - Nashville Psychology, Psychologist
Nashville Psychology
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(615) 637-3440 View (615) 637-3440
Photo of Christian B. Bumpous, MA, LMFT, LPC, CDWF, Marriage & Family Therapist
Christian B. Bumpous
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPC, CDWF
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
You are a busy professional and you have arrived. For years, you’ve been planning and plotting your path and you are now well on your way. And, something feels just a bit off. Like, “wasn’t I supposed to be happy and content -or something?” For some reason, life is not feeling as full and rich as you’d pictured, and all the research on how to make things better thus far, has not yielded the desired results! Despite checking all the boxes (like, every last damn one), you are still left feeling more anxious, stressed, or depressed than you’d like. Why do things on the inside that don’t match what’s happening in your life?
You are a busy professional and you have arrived. For years, you’ve been planning and plotting your path and you are now well on your way. And, something feels just a bit off. Like, “wasn’t I supposed to be happy and content -or something?” For some reason, life is not feeling as full and rich as you’d pictured, and all the research on how to make things better thus far, has not yielded the desired results! Despite checking all the boxes (like, every last damn one), you are still left feeling more anxious, stressed, or depressed than you’d like. Why do things on the inside that don’t match what’s happening in your life?
(615) 285-6201 View (615) 285-6201
Photo of Gabriela Aguirre-Iriarte, MS, MA, LPC-MHS, RPT-S, Licensed Professional Counselor
Gabriela Aguirre-Iriarte
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MA, LPC-MHS, RPT-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
Growing is a complicated affair, it challenges us to face the unfaceable. Changes can be unpredictable and frightening. Life is scary like facing a dragon, but the paradox is that facing our fears is the only path to complete healing. A counselor is a companion and an ally through the journey. A mirror that helps us see ourselves better, that can help us change the way we see the world and that gives us the opportunity to modify what bother us.
Growing is a complicated affair, it challenges us to face the unfaceable. Changes can be unpredictable and frightening. Life is scary like facing a dragon, but the paradox is that facing our fears is the only path to complete healing. A counselor is a companion and an ally through the journey. A mirror that helps us see ourselves better, that can help us change the way we see the world and that gives us the opportunity to modify what bother us.
(629) 260-5433 View (629) 260-5433
Photo of Kevin Cuchia, LCSW, CCTP-II, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kevin Cuchia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP-II
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Is stress, anxiety, anger, depression, or substance misuse impacting your daily life and affecting your relationships? Therapy should be a proactive process that empowers you to experience results instead of just talking about it over and over again. I specialize in helping you take back control by addressing high-performance stress & environments, burnout, and traumatic events that disrupt your life. Many of my clients lead during emergencies and never thought that they’d be looking for help themselves including military service members, veterans, first responders, medical professionals, and their family members.
Is stress, anxiety, anger, depression, or substance misuse impacting your daily life and affecting your relationships? Therapy should be a proactive process that empowers you to experience results instead of just talking about it over and over again. I specialize in helping you take back control by addressing high-performance stress & environments, burnout, and traumatic events that disrupt your life. Many of my clients lead during emergencies and never thought that they’d be looking for help themselves including military service members, veterans, first responders, medical professionals, and their family members.
(615) 314-6788 View (615) 314-6788
Photo of Katie Vacanti-Mitchell, MSW, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Katie Vacanti-Mitchell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
My heart is set on helping professionals like you—those who are managing the pressures and complexities of ambitious careers. Whether it’s through individual therapy or working with couples, I’m here to support your journey towards a healthier, more balanced life. I primarily work with adults and couples, guiding them through challenges like anxiety, ADHD, relationship issues, boundary setting, depression, and religious trauma. My foundational belief is that we're all doing the best we can with what we have. As a partner in your journey, I bring an array of tools and skills, hoping to make your path a little easier to navigate.
My heart is set on helping professionals like you—those who are managing the pressures and complexities of ambitious careers. Whether it’s through individual therapy or working with couples, I’m here to support your journey towards a healthier, more balanced life. I primarily work with adults and couples, guiding them through challenges like anxiety, ADHD, relationship issues, boundary setting, depression, and religious trauma. My foundational belief is that we're all doing the best we can with what we have. As a partner in your journey, I bring an array of tools and skills, hoping to make your path a little easier to navigate.
(615) 543-5129 View (615) 543-5129
Photo of Robert R Jacobs, PhD, Psychologist
Robert R Jacobs
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Life can take turns that present difficult challenges. We experience those challenges in a number of different ways: difficulties adjusting to new circumstances, confusion in deciding on a career path, struggles in relationships, or coping with loss. Often we feel anxious, depressed, confused, or overwhelmed and need help dealing with feelings and problems that seem beyond our control. Help may come from friends, family members, or significant others, but in some cases help is needed from a trained professional. Therapy is a process that can help people identify more effective strategies both to cope with difficult situations and to achieve their goals.
Life can take turns that present difficult challenges. We experience those challenges in a number of different ways: difficulties adjusting to new circumstances, confusion in deciding on a career path, struggles in relationships, or coping with loss. Often we feel anxious, depressed, confused, or overwhelmed and need help dealing with feelings and problems that seem beyond our control. Help may come from friends, family members, or significant others, but in some cases help is needed from a trained professional. Therapy is a process that can help people identify more effective strategies both to cope with difficult situations and to achieve their goals.
(423) 408-8920 View (423) 408-8920
Photo of Lydia Lomahan - Nashville Center for Trauma & Psychotherapy, Pre-Licensed Professional
Nashville Center for Trauma & Psychotherapy
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
Do you feel stuck or lost in the midst of grief? Do you feel burdened by life’s transitions, existential concerns, or relational issues? Are you ready to re-claim your narrative and find meaning in your journey but unsure where to start? These struggles can feel overwhelming, stealing the best of our time, energy, and connections. You may notice intense emotions, ranging from despair, anger, guilt, anxiety, and everything in between. You might feel like you’ve lost hope. If you feel this describes you, I seek to provide you with a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your emotions, sit with the hard questions,
Do you feel stuck or lost in the midst of grief? Do you feel burdened by life’s transitions, existential concerns, or relational issues? Are you ready to re-claim your narrative and find meaning in your journey but unsure where to start? These struggles can feel overwhelming, stealing the best of our time, energy, and connections. You may notice intense emotions, ranging from despair, anger, guilt, anxiety, and everything in between. You might feel like you’ve lost hope. If you feel this describes you, I seek to provide you with a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your emotions, sit with the hard questions,
(629) 265-1166 View (629) 265-1166
Photo of Missy Caldwell, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Missy Caldwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Missy has worked in the field of mental health for over fifteen years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She is experienced in working with individuals, couples and youth in the areas of trauma, attachment, depression, anxiety, grief, relational issues, body image, personal growth and self care. In addition to being a mental health clinician, Missy is a registered yoga teacher, with well over 500 hours of training, and an additional 300 hour certification in yoga therapy.
Missy has worked in the field of mental health for over fifteen years as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. She is experienced in working with individuals, couples and youth in the areas of trauma, attachment, depression, anxiety, grief, relational issues, body image, personal growth and self care. In addition to being a mental health clinician, Missy is a registered yoga teacher, with well over 500 hours of training, and an additional 300 hour certification in yoga therapy.
(629) 222-9921 View (629) 222-9921
Photo of Kathleen R Brennan, LPC, MHSP, EMDR, Cert, Counselor
Kathleen R Brennan
Counselor, LPC, MHSP, EMDR, Cert
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I help clients move beyond any pain or obstacles that are getting in the way of being able to participate more fully. Anxiety, depression, loss, trauma or uncertainty can intrude on life and make it much harder to be the better version of yourself. I am passionate about helping clients walk through any current challenges and resolve the past and move into the future with new possibilities and life fulfillment.
I help clients move beyond any pain or obstacles that are getting in the way of being able to participate more fully. Anxiety, depression, loss, trauma or uncertainty can intrude on life and make it much harder to be the better version of yourself. I am passionate about helping clients walk through any current challenges and resolve the past and move into the future with new possibilities and life fulfillment.
(615) 461-4878 View (615) 461-4878
Photo of Carter Montgomery, MMFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
Carter Montgomery
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
In life, we are going to face difficulties, and sometimes these difficulties weigh us down and leave us unable to see many paths forward. Therapy can shine a light into this dark place, helping people see that change is possible. It provides a process for clients to overcome these difficulties and reclaim a positive identity, hope, and self-empowerment.
In life, we are going to face difficulties, and sometimes these difficulties weigh us down and leave us unable to see many paths forward. Therapy can shine a light into this dark place, helping people see that change is possible. It provides a process for clients to overcome these difficulties and reclaim a positive identity, hope, and self-empowerment.
(615) 709-5853 View (615) 709-5853
Photo of Paul S Smith, PhD, Psychologist
Paul S Smith
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
ANXIETY & STRESS DISORDERS, CLINICAL HYPNOSIS, COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY ADULTS Assessment and treatment of anxiety and stress-related symptoms. Patients can learn how to prevent, control and cope with anxiety including: Panic Attacks Social Phobias Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) Chronic Worry Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Member of American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH)
ANXIETY & STRESS DISORDERS, CLINICAL HYPNOSIS, COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY ADULTS Assessment and treatment of anxiety and stress-related symptoms. Patients can learn how to prevent, control and cope with anxiety including: Panic Attacks Social Phobias Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) Chronic Worry Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Member of American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH)
(615) 745-1133 View (615) 745-1133
Photo of Brooke Word, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Brooke Word
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
Are you struggling with managing drugs or alcohol? Are you having a lot of conflict with your loved ones? Do you feel unhappy with yourself and your circumstances in life? You likely have tried many times to feel better but only end up feeling worse. This makes it difficult for you to be understood by others because they don't understand your struggle. I commonly see people who have a difficult time cutting back on addictive behaviors, feel excessive guilt for their actions, and have a hard time managing the pressures of work. If you relate to this, then you are not alone. I work with many others who have the same struggles.
Are you struggling with managing drugs or alcohol? Are you having a lot of conflict with your loved ones? Do you feel unhappy with yourself and your circumstances in life? You likely have tried many times to feel better but only end up feeling worse. This makes it difficult for you to be understood by others because they don't understand your struggle. I commonly see people who have a difficult time cutting back on addictive behaviors, feel excessive guilt for their actions, and have a hard time managing the pressures of work. If you relate to this, then you are not alone. I work with many others who have the same struggles.
(615) 560-7760 View (615) 560-7760
Photo of Teresa Prendes-Walls, MAEdS, LPC, MHSP, Counselor
Teresa Prendes-Walls
Counselor, MAEdS, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37203
My approach to counseling is very interactive and individualized. I like to provide an environment full of creativity, flexibility and humor during the counseling process. Challenging your self-perception, understanding your emotions, and changing your unhelpful behaviors requires tough work, but you won't be doing it alone. Together we will explore the patterns in your life that are keeping you stuck and find healthier ways to achieve what you need so that you can begin creating a life you love.
My approach to counseling is very interactive and individualized. I like to provide an environment full of creativity, flexibility and humor during the counseling process. Challenging your self-perception, understanding your emotions, and changing your unhelpful behaviors requires tough work, but you won't be doing it alone. Together we will explore the patterns in your life that are keeping you stuck and find healthier ways to achieve what you need so that you can begin creating a life you love.
(615) 206-4164 View (615) 206-4164
Photo of Cole G. Putman, MEd, NCC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Cole G. Putman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
As a therapist, I strive to create an environment for my clients that fosters acceptance and connection in a way that best supports their healing and their journey. It is one of the greatest honors of my life to walk beside my clients through sorrow, anxiety, joy – all the experiences inherent in being human. I seek to aid clients in recognizing their own strengths as well as assist them in developing new coping skills to meet life’s challenges. As a therapist, I aim to greet every client, every session with non-judgment, radical acceptance, and a genuine interest in their wellbeing.
As a therapist, I strive to create an environment for my clients that fosters acceptance and connection in a way that best supports their healing and their journey. It is one of the greatest honors of my life to walk beside my clients through sorrow, anxiety, joy – all the experiences inherent in being human. I seek to aid clients in recognizing their own strengths as well as assist them in developing new coping skills to meet life’s challenges. As a therapist, I aim to greet every client, every session with non-judgment, radical acceptance, and a genuine interest in their wellbeing.
(615) 219-2690 View (615) 219-2690
Photo of Ingrid Ransom Boje - Flourish Counseling Wellness, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ingrid Ransom Boje - Flourish Counseling Wellness
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
My primary therapeutic focuses are: all aspects of adoption, relational issues, self - worth, family of origin wounds, codependency, recovering from trauma (complex, sexual, religious, etc.), neurodivergence and parenting. Over the past decade as a therapist, I have found myself most passionate about working with adolescents, women, and pre-marital couples. it would be a joy to walk alongside you as we work on these things together utilizing research-based practices, creativity, humor, and a whole - body approach.
My primary therapeutic focuses are: all aspects of adoption, relational issues, self - worth, family of origin wounds, codependency, recovering from trauma (complex, sexual, religious, etc.), neurodivergence and parenting. Over the past decade as a therapist, I have found myself most passionate about working with adolescents, women, and pre-marital couples. it would be a joy to walk alongside you as we work on these things together utilizing research-based practices, creativity, humor, and a whole - body approach.
(615) 434-5236 View (615) 434-5236
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 37203

300+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 37203 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Relationship Issues
87% Depression
79% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
70% Grief

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Aetna
66% Cigna and Evernorth
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 37203 see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 37203?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.