Photo of Carol Leiva, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Carol Leiva
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Nickelsville, VA 24271
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Maryland, DC and Virginia with over 10 years of experience working in community mental health. I have a lifelong commitment to learning and have pursued further specialized training in trauma therapy, health coaching, as well as mind-body applications in counseling. I have worked with adult individuals in community mental health to help them overcome depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am passionate about helping others reach their potential and live their best life. I believe true healing is based on a whole-person approach and will work to empower and meet my clients where they are.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Maryland, DC and Virginia with over 10 years of experience working in community mental health. I have a lifelong commitment to learning and have pursued further specialized training in trauma therapy, health coaching, as well as mind-body applications in counseling. I have worked with adult individuals in community mental health to help them overcome depression, anxiety, and trauma. I am passionate about helping others reach their potential and live their best life. I believe true healing is based on a whole-person approach and will work to empower and meet my clients where they are.
(571) 946-4917 View (571) 946-4917

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Bethany Gravely - Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24201
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
Working with us you'll get results. Because we believe you're best served by a clinician who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to building an organization that truly allows therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals.
(276) 881-1393 View (276) 881-1393
Photo of Cindy Addison (Formerly Griffith), LPC, LMFT, CSAT, Author, Speaker, Licensed Professional Counselor
Cindy Addison (Formerly Griffith)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMFT, CSAT, Author, Speaker
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
Cindy believes humans are physical, mental, emotional, sexual and spiritual beings thus the goal of therapy is to obtain health in all areas of one's being. I believe a client takes the first step to healing as soon as the counseling appointment is made. It's a privilege to observe transformation in a client on the road to hope and healing by focusing on the strengths from within the client. It is exciting to watch a couple go from the brink of divorce to a marriage better than ever.
Cindy believes humans are physical, mental, emotional, sexual and spiritual beings thus the goal of therapy is to obtain health in all areas of one's being. I believe a client takes the first step to healing as soon as the counseling appointment is made. It's a privilege to observe transformation in a client on the road to hope and healing by focusing on the strengths from within the client. It is exciting to watch a couple go from the brink of divorce to a marriage better than ever.
(276) 400-8243 View (276) 400-8243
Photo of Melissa Marks, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Melissa Marks
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dungannon, VA 24245
I have an array of hands-on experience from initially beginning in healthcare and later transitioning into mental health. I received a master's degree in Marriage and Family in 2013 and a master's degree in Professional Counseling in 2015. I have worked with children, adolescents, and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, PTSD, anger, mood instability, and substance abuse. I believe that we all experience moments where we need additional support and someone to walk alongside us on our journey.
I have an array of hands-on experience from initially beginning in healthcare and later transitioning into mental health. I received a master's degree in Marriage and Family in 2013 and a master's degree in Professional Counseling in 2015. I have worked with children, adolescents, and adults struggling with anxiety, depression, PTSD, anger, mood instability, and substance abuse. I believe that we all experience moments where we need additional support and someone to walk alongside us on our journey.
(757) 797-9105 View (757) 797-9105
Photo of Ali Holbrook, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ali Holbrook
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Wise, VA 24293
Now seeing clients at Heatherwood Counseling Center, in-person, or online. Located in Marion, VA. Call 276-783-7600 to set up an appointment. ... Depression, Anxiety, not knowing how to handle something, family stress, work stress. These are all good reasons to talk to someone.
Now seeing clients at Heatherwood Counseling Center, in-person, or online. Located in Marion, VA. Call 276-783-7600 to set up an appointment. ... Depression, Anxiety, not knowing how to handle something, family stress, work stress. These are all good reasons to talk to someone.
(276) 378-9009 View (276) 378-9009
Photo of Kaimare Laird, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kaimare Laird
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Dante, VA 24237
Kaimare, known to many as Kai, I was born and raised in the southern most isles of the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago. Devoted to supporting others grow and overcome any challenges they face, I began my career within the field of mental health in 2013 and have gained experience in a variety of clinical roles especially in an outpatient therapy setting where I have worked with hundreds of individuals managing challenges with depression, anxiety, self esteem and more.
Kaimare, known to many as Kai, I was born and raised in the southern most isles of the Caribbean, Trinidad and Tobago. Devoted to supporting others grow and overcome any challenges they face, I began my career within the field of mental health in 2013 and have gained experience in a variety of clinical roles especially in an outpatient therapy setting where I have worked with hundreds of individuals managing challenges with depression, anxiety, self esteem and more.
(571) 605-6365 View (571) 605-6365
Photo of Amy Lester, QMHP-T, LPC Intern
Amy Lester
LPC Intern, QMHP-T
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
I am a grad student working under the supervision of a LPC. I am currently accepting new clients from all walks of life! I see children, teens, and adults. Sometimes in life, things happen that can catch us off guard, or throw us off course. Whether these things are expected, or unexpected, it would be a great privilege for me to be able to help you navigate through these situations. My mission is to provide a safe place where all clients will feel welcome and safe no matter their background or beliefs.
I am a grad student working under the supervision of a LPC. I am currently accepting new clients from all walks of life! I see children, teens, and adults. Sometimes in life, things happen that can catch us off guard, or throw us off course. Whether these things are expected, or unexpected, it would be a great privilege for me to be able to help you navigate through these situations. My mission is to provide a safe place where all clients will feel welcome and safe no matter their background or beliefs.
(276) 445-8965 View (276) 445-8965
Photo of Cynthia Agbayani, LPC , Licensed Professional Counselor
Cynthia Agbayani
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Castlewood, VA 24224
I am Dr. Cynthia Agbayani, a licensed professional counselor, and Air Force veteran. My doctoral studies focus was attachment and trauma. I have 25-plus years of experience working with at-risk youth, families, couples, and individuals covering various issues. I specialize in attachment, trauma, anxiety, and family issues. I work with people who range in age from toddler to old age in varying settings, such as home-based, outpatient, residential, and telehealth.
I am Dr. Cynthia Agbayani, a licensed professional counselor, and Air Force veteran. My doctoral studies focus was attachment and trauma. I have 25-plus years of experience working with at-risk youth, families, couples, and individuals covering various issues. I specialize in attachment, trauma, anxiety, and family issues. I work with people who range in age from toddler to old age in varying settings, such as home-based, outpatient, residential, and telehealth.
(804) 395-5214 View (804) 395-5214
Photo of Kandice Ketterling - Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Abingdon, Counselor
Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry Abingdon
Counselor
Verified Verified
Mendota, VA 24270
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(276) 265-7650 View (276) 265-7650
Photo of Ann Garrett, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ann Garrett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Wise, VA 24293
Hello, my name is Ann Garrett. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor and a National Certified Counselor with over 8 years of clinical experience working with various issues and needs. I use a person-centered approach to tailor therapy to the individual. I used a variety of treatment modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Solution Focused, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT).
Hello, my name is Ann Garrett. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor and a National Certified Counselor with over 8 years of clinical experience working with various issues and needs. I use a person-centered approach to tailor therapy to the individual. I used a variety of treatment modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Solution Focused, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT).
(571) 605-7432 View (571) 605-7432
Photo of Joshua Blackburn, MA, LPC, MHSP, Temp, Counselor
Joshua Blackburn
Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP, Temp
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
You want more than just feeling better - you want to create a better life for yourself and those you love - but you're stuck. You want to get closer to who and how you want to be. You've tried everything you can think of and you still feel bad - physically, spiritually, mentally. What would you be doing if anxiety, panic, sadness, lack of motivation, anger, or confusion wasn't standing in your way? If difficult conversations happened without ending in a blow up, shut down, or disconnection - could life be better together?
You want more than just feeling better - you want to create a better life for yourself and those you love - but you're stuck. You want to get closer to who and how you want to be. You've tried everything you can think of and you still feel bad - physically, spiritually, mentally. What would you be doing if anxiety, panic, sadness, lack of motivation, anger, or confusion wasn't standing in your way? If difficult conversations happened without ending in a blow up, shut down, or disconnection - could life be better together?
(423) 210-4631 View (423) 210-4631
Photo of Amir Cotton, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Amir Cotton
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24201
Hello there,My name is Amir Cotton, and I’m one of the counselors at Breakthrough Counselling LLC. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Substance Abuse Treatment Practitioner in the state of Virginia. I am also a National Certified Counselor, a Certified Clinical Mental Counselor, and a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I also have a Master’s Degree in Professional Counseling and over 12 years of experience working in the mental health field. I have experience treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma, addiction, bipolar, and adjustment disorders.
Hello there,My name is Amir Cotton, and I’m one of the counselors at Breakthrough Counselling LLC. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and a Licensed Substance Abuse Treatment Practitioner in the state of Virginia. I am also a National Certified Counselor, a Certified Clinical Mental Counselor, and a Certified Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I also have a Master’s Degree in Professional Counseling and over 12 years of experience working in the mental health field. I have experience treating depression, anxiety, PTSD, trauma, addiction, bipolar, and adjustment disorders.
(757) 750-9800 View (757) 750-9800
Photo of Rebecca Perkins, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rebecca Perkins
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24202
Welcome! I'm Rebecca Perkins, a Licensed Professional Counselor who is passionate about helping others take the first steps towards making changes to feel more empowered and experience healing in their lives. I work with individuals who experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, and life transitions. I help individuals to navigate these situations as well as form new strategies to cope with symptoms and empower the individuals to have more control over their lives. When one feels in control of their life, they no longer feel controlled by symptoms.
Welcome! I'm Rebecca Perkins, a Licensed Professional Counselor who is passionate about helping others take the first steps towards making changes to feel more empowered and experience healing in their lives. I work with individuals who experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, and life transitions. I help individuals to navigate these situations as well as form new strategies to cope with symptoms and empower the individuals to have more control over their lives. When one feels in control of their life, they no longer feel controlled by symptoms.
(434) 217-4200 View (434) 217-4200
Photo of Kristy Walker - Restorative Mind Counseling, Pllc - Kristy Walker, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Restorative Mind Counseling, Pllc - Kristy Walker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24201
Waitlist for new clients
Today's adults and kids are more connected and busier than ever, yet also feel stuck, unfulfilled, and sometimes lonely. A busy life doesn’t always mean we feel seen and heard. Sometimes life gets messy, and we put on a happy face and tell ourselves, “I will deal with that later.” Pain and loss are realities, but there aren’t lessons in school on how to handle these truths, and our lives can turn gray. The isolation of the pandemic has magnified the importance of human connection. There's something powerful about having a witness to your life story. I would be honored to help you, or your family member find their sunlight.
Today's adults and kids are more connected and busier than ever, yet also feel stuck, unfulfilled, and sometimes lonely. A busy life doesn’t always mean we feel seen and heard. Sometimes life gets messy, and we put on a happy face and tell ourselves, “I will deal with that later.” Pain and loss are realities, but there aren’t lessons in school on how to handle these truths, and our lives can turn gray. The isolation of the pandemic has magnified the importance of human connection. There's something powerful about having a witness to your life story. I would be honored to help you, or your family member find their sunlight.
(276) 409-9083 View (276) 409-9083
Photo of Nina Garland
Nina Garland
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
Are you truly ready to know yourself and embrace your emotional well-being? I am dedicated to guiding individuals through the intricate paths of their emotional and mental well-being. With a deep understanding rooted in my own family's experiences with mental illness and my personal journey as a Latina woman, I recognize the importance of creating tailored treatment plans that honor each person's unique needs. I hold honesty, respect, cultural proficiency, and confidentiality in the highest regard.
Are you truly ready to know yourself and embrace your emotional well-being? I am dedicated to guiding individuals through the intricate paths of their emotional and mental well-being. With a deep understanding rooted in my own family's experiences with mental illness and my personal journey as a Latina woman, I recognize the importance of creating tailored treatment plans that honor each person's unique needs. I hold honesty, respect, cultural proficiency, and confidentiality in the highest regard.
(571) 458-1516 View (571) 458-1516
Photo of Keith Alan Medeiros, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Keith Alan Medeiros
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
I believe we all should be able to live as full a life as possible, rich with positive experiences and relationships. Unfortunately, sometimes things get in the way of that goal. When this happens, we may need help getting back on track. That help can come from many forms, and this is where I may be of assistance. As a counselor for eight years working with children, adolescents, adults and families, I have developed an eclectic style utilizing evidence-based treatments including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Structural Family Therapy and Solution Focused Brief Therapy.
I believe we all should be able to live as full a life as possible, rich with positive experiences and relationships. Unfortunately, sometimes things get in the way of that goal. When this happens, we may need help getting back on track. That help can come from many forms, and this is where I may be of assistance. As a counselor for eight years working with children, adolescents, adults and families, I have developed an eclectic style utilizing evidence-based treatments including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, Structural Family Therapy and Solution Focused Brief Therapy.
(276) 254-8743 View (276) 254-8743
Photo of Katherine Barteck - Willow & Arbor, PLLC
Willow & Arbor, PLLC
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24201
Willow & Arbor, PLLC is a group therapy practice serving the Tri-Cities, TN area in person and via telehealth. Our providers recognize that there are no 'one-size fits all' treatment options. We are focused on meeting you where you are and co-creating change with you. We focus on creating a context of privacy, empathy, and insight where our clients are fully seen and heard. We treat children, teens, and adults and provide individual, family, and couples sessions.
Willow & Arbor, PLLC is a group therapy practice serving the Tri-Cities, TN area in person and via telehealth. Our providers recognize that there are no 'one-size fits all' treatment options. We are focused on meeting you where you are and co-creating change with you. We focus on creating a context of privacy, empathy, and insight where our clients are fully seen and heard. We treat children, teens, and adults and provide individual, family, and couples sessions.
(423) 607-8988 View (423) 607-8988
Photo of Hilary Musgrove, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Hilary Musgrove
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bristol, VA 24201
Not accepting new clients
Life can be a lot. Between work, school, pandemics, financial crisis... I could go on, and on. Some of us are also dealing with debilitating anxiety, depression, and health issues. Many people are seeing the effects in their relationships, their work, and their spiritual life. Now more than ever, it's important to have a sounding board. The old ways of navigating through life might need to be adjusted. You want things to be different, but you're not sure how. You're ready to change, you just need some guidance to find your way.
Life can be a lot. Between work, school, pandemics, financial crisis... I could go on, and on. Some of us are also dealing with debilitating anxiety, depression, and health issues. Many people are seeing the effects in their relationships, their work, and their spiritual life. Now more than ever, it's important to have a sounding board. The old ways of navigating through life might need to be adjusted. You want things to be different, but you're not sure how. You're ready to change, you just need some guidance to find your way.
(276) 859-5693 View (276) 859-5693
Photo of Barbara Pittman, LCSW, RPT-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Barbara Pittman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RPT-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lebanon, VA 24266
If you're a parent seeking support for your child, you crave a therapist who exudes warmth and positivity, offering a safe haven for your child to heal. You would love for someone with over two decades of experience in play therapy and trauma recovery, someone who understands the unique needs of children aged 3 to 17. You want a compassionate guide who is skilled in addressing PTSD, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and beyond. You're not just looking for a therapist; you're seeking a partner in your child's journey toward healing.
If you're a parent seeking support for your child, you crave a therapist who exudes warmth and positivity, offering a safe haven for your child to heal. You would love for someone with over two decades of experience in play therapy and trauma recovery, someone who understands the unique needs of children aged 3 to 17. You want a compassionate guide who is skilled in addressing PTSD, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and beyond. You're not just looking for a therapist; you're seeking a partner in your child's journey toward healing.
(276) 240-2977 View (276) 240-2977
Photo of John S. Paul
John S. Paul
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
Bristol, VA 24201
Life remains undefeated in trials, difficulties, and surprises. We spend so much of our time and energy trying to control what happens to us, but, the truth is, no matter how hard we try, no one is immune to hardship and hurt. It's the journey of life that conveys meaning and purpose, not the outcome. Your pain has meaning, your past has meaning, and your future has a purpose. Therapy is a process by which you take control of finding the meaning in your unique journey and through self-reflection, redefine your experiences to discover and pursue your purpose.
Life remains undefeated in trials, difficulties, and surprises. We spend so much of our time and energy trying to control what happens to us, but, the truth is, no matter how hard we try, no one is immune to hardship and hurt. It's the journey of life that conveys meaning and purpose, not the outcome. Your pain has meaning, your past has meaning, and your future has a purpose. Therapy is a process by which you take control of finding the meaning in your unique journey and through self-reflection, redefine your experiences to discover and pursue your purpose.
(276) 222-6983 View (276) 222-6983

See more therapy options for 24271

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 24271

< 10

Therapists in 24271 who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Infertility
100% Life Coaching
100% Grief
100% Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
100% Spirituality

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
100% BlueCross and BlueShield
100% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 24271 see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 24271?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.