Photo of Lilyana Sintayehu, MA,  LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lilyana Sintayehu
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Lily Sintayehu is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia who has been practicing since 2021. She has a Master of Arts degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University. Lily works with her clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. She has experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, family conflicts, trauma and abuse, and depression. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. Lily is here to support you in that process.
Lily Sintayehu is a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia who has been practicing since 2021. She has a Master of Arts degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University. Lily works with her clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. She has experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, family conflicts, trauma and abuse, and depression. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. Lily is here to support you in that process.
(804) 465-7011 View (804) 465-7011
Photo of Caroline Crilley, MSEd, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Caroline Crilley
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I work with children who experience anxiety, sensory overwhelm, trouble getting to sleep after an exciting day, difficulty with changes in routine, are deeply attuned to others’ distress, and feel things very deeply. Highly sensitive children often are very attuned to their environment, have intense emotional responses, and struggle to emotionally regulate when they become overstimulated. Their sensitivity to the world around them can be a gift, but it can also lead to frequent over-stimulation and an increased need for quiet time.
I work with children who experience anxiety, sensory overwhelm, trouble getting to sleep after an exciting day, difficulty with changes in routine, are deeply attuned to others’ distress, and feel things very deeply. Highly sensitive children often are very attuned to their environment, have intense emotional responses, and struggle to emotionally regulate when they become overstimulated. Their sensitivity to the world around them can be a gift, but it can also lead to frequent over-stimulation and an increased need for quiet time.
(703) 972-1518 View (703) 972-1518
Photo of Ariel Ham, PsyD, LCP, CSOTP, CATP, CCTP, Psychologist
Ariel Ham
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP, CSOTP, CATP, CCTP
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I incorporate creative activities and evidence-based methods into traditional "talk therapy" for a fun outside-the-box approach to treatment. Together, we will work toward your goals exploring thought patterns and new ways to cope with distress. I am a warm, relaxed, and supportive clinician who can also be straightforward and doesn’t dance around topics. I have a doctorate degree in clinical psychology and over 20 years of experience in the field. I have specialized training in trauma, self-harming behaviors, OCD, eating disorders, addiction, sexual behavior issues, and behaviorally challenging youth.
I incorporate creative activities and evidence-based methods into traditional "talk therapy" for a fun outside-the-box approach to treatment. Together, we will work toward your goals exploring thought patterns and new ways to cope with distress. I am a warm, relaxed, and supportive clinician who can also be straightforward and doesn’t dance around topics. I have a doctorate degree in clinical psychology and over 20 years of experience in the field. I have specialized training in trauma, self-harming behaviors, OCD, eating disorders, addiction, sexual behavior issues, and behaviorally challenging youth.
(804) 269-8363 View (804) 269-8363
Photo of Mary Woods, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Woods
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Welcome to my profile, I know that seeking therapy is a big decision and you have pondered on this for a while before coming to my profile. Allow me to take the fear out of the decision. Working with me will become a partnership in your journey to wellness and the best self you can be today, tomorrow and in the future. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia and South Carolina for the past decade seeing individuals with a mirage of disorders and transitional phases. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy, and use of Empowerment and Strength perspectives.
Welcome to my profile, I know that seeking therapy is a big decision and you have pondered on this for a while before coming to my profile. Allow me to take the fear out of the decision. Working with me will become a partnership in your journey to wellness and the best self you can be today, tomorrow and in the future. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia and South Carolina for the past decade seeing individuals with a mirage of disorders and transitional phases. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Solution Focused Therapy, and use of Empowerment and Strength perspectives.
(804) 336-3787 View (804) 336-3787
Photo of Michael Ingram, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Michael Ingram
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Sometimes life can feel overwhelming and frustrating. Stress in our lives can come from many different sources: communication difficulties, parenting children, unrealistic expectations at work, academic struggles. These challenges can become confusing and depressing if left in isolation. By addressing these issues in a safe, trusting counseling environment many of these stressors can be reduced.
Sometimes life can feel overwhelming and frustrating. Stress in our lives can come from many different sources: communication difficulties, parenting children, unrealistic expectations at work, academic struggles. These challenges can become confusing and depressing if left in isolation. By addressing these issues in a safe, trusting counseling environment many of these stressors can be reduced.
(804) 616-3120 View (804) 616-3120
Photo of Casey White, LPC, MEd, Licensed Professional Counselor
Casey White
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Casey White is a Licensed Professional Counselor who uses a collaborative approach to equip clients with the information and tools necessary to grow and create positive change. Casey works with clients aged 12-65 who experience social and generalized anxiety, mood disorders, OCD, trauma, and many other areas.
Casey White is a Licensed Professional Counselor who uses a collaborative approach to equip clients with the information and tools necessary to grow and create positive change. Casey works with clients aged 12-65 who experience social and generalized anxiety, mood disorders, OCD, trauma, and many other areas.
(804) 410-5154 View (804) 410-5154
Photo of Yvonne Campbell - Zoe Therapy Services, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Zoe Therapy Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I believe there is meaning in symptoms. We are designed to thrive. When something is out of balance our mind/body/spirit/relationships present symptoms to ask us to pay attention. I specialize in helping people discover what needs their attention. Then, I help people learn new skills so they are equipped to respond more effectively to their needs. I offer support as people practice necessary changes in their thoughts, managing their emotions, and interacting with others and their circumstances. Finally, I encourage and guide people as they seek to fully actualize their potential.
I believe there is meaning in symptoms. We are designed to thrive. When something is out of balance our mind/body/spirit/relationships present symptoms to ask us to pay attention. I specialize in helping people discover what needs their attention. Then, I help people learn new skills so they are equipped to respond more effectively to their needs. I offer support as people practice necessary changes in their thoughts, managing their emotions, and interacting with others and their circumstances. Finally, I encourage and guide people as they seek to fully actualize their potential.
(804) 250-3571 View (804) 250-3571
Photo of Deja B Howard, SISW, Pre-Licensed Professional
Deja B Howard
Pre-Licensed Professional, SISW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I welcome those who are experiencing grief/loss, life adjustments, stress, anxiety, and PTSD. Sometimes we can find ourselves not wanting to burden those around us with our worries, or we just don't feel understood. Know that my space is one where you will be heard, validated, and seen. Common goals I work on with people can include: developing healthy coping skills, decreasing the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and increasing people's ability for self-compassion. The individuals I work with are just trying to show up for themselves and the people that are in their lives, and that starts with taking care of themselves.
I welcome those who are experiencing grief/loss, life adjustments, stress, anxiety, and PTSD. Sometimes we can find ourselves not wanting to burden those around us with our worries, or we just don't feel understood. Know that my space is one where you will be heard, validated, and seen. Common goals I work on with people can include: developing healthy coping skills, decreasing the presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and increasing people's ability for self-compassion. The individuals I work with are just trying to show up for themselves and the people that are in their lives, and that starts with taking care of themselves.
(804) 315-3453 View (804) 315-3453
Photo of Chanell D Hudson, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Chanell D Hudson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
I provide outpatient therapy services to children and adolescents using various trauma-informed treatment modalities. I assist children and adolescent populations with managing daily stressors, processing unresolved trauma, grief and loss, strengthening parent-child relationships, improving self-esteem, and managing depressive and anxiety symptoms. Using a person-centered approach, I focus on building a strong rapport with the client, which establishes safety and promotes the client to have a sense of control in their treatment process.
I provide outpatient therapy services to children and adolescents using various trauma-informed treatment modalities. I assist children and adolescent populations with managing daily stressors, processing unresolved trauma, grief and loss, strengthening parent-child relationships, improving self-esteem, and managing depressive and anxiety symptoms. Using a person-centered approach, I focus on building a strong rapport with the client, which establishes safety and promotes the client to have a sense of control in their treatment process.
(804) 534-2827 View (804) 534-2827
Photo of Graham Canada, LPC, CSOTP, Licensed Professional Counselor
Graham Canada
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
As a therapist I have experience working in residential care facilities, schools and outpatient settings. I received my Masters in Clinical Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology and my Bachelors in Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. I currently work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presentations.
As a therapist I have experience working in residential care facilities, schools and outpatient settings. I received my Masters in Clinical Counseling from the Chicago School of Professional Psychology and my Bachelors in Psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. I currently work with adolescents and adults with a wide range of presentations.
(804) 455-8238 View (804) 455-8238
Photo of Dr. Chantelle Elam Bernard, EdD, EdS, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Chantelle Elam Bernard
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, EdS, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
Becoming known to oneself is often a lifelong task, and there are times when we need help gaining insight into our own story. The simple exercise of living often exposes us to seen and unforeseen challenges; but I believe their is a resiliency in the human spirit that affords us the opportunity for renewal and restoration. My mission is to help people see that no matter how bad their situation, problem or loss; there is a way forward, and recovery is possible. I also believe that learning how to properly activate self-care and self-compassion is at the root of that recovery.
Becoming known to oneself is often a lifelong task, and there are times when we need help gaining insight into our own story. The simple exercise of living often exposes us to seen and unforeseen challenges; but I believe their is a resiliency in the human spirit that affords us the opportunity for renewal and restoration. My mission is to help people see that no matter how bad their situation, problem or loss; there is a way forward, and recovery is possible. I also believe that learning how to properly activate self-care and self-compassion is at the root of that recovery.
(804) 944-8717 View (804) 944-8717
Photo of Ashley S Davis, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ashley S Davis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Many of the clients I've worked with grew up with emotionally unavailable parents, who at times were also abusive, neglectful, or narcissistic. I also work with many adult survivors of narcissistic relationship dynamics. Many experience strong feelings of self doubt, self blame, confusion, feeling "not good enough," and find themselves ruminating on the relationship. There's often a deep need for validation and clarity about what choices they have for navigating the challenges in their relationship(s), setting boundaries, and honoring their own needs.
Many of the clients I've worked with grew up with emotionally unavailable parents, who at times were also abusive, neglectful, or narcissistic. I also work with many adult survivors of narcissistic relationship dynamics. Many experience strong feelings of self doubt, self blame, confusion, feeling "not good enough," and find themselves ruminating on the relationship. There's often a deep need for validation and clarity about what choices they have for navigating the challenges in their relationship(s), setting boundaries, and honoring their own needs.
(571) 451-2013 View (571) 451-2013
Photo of Mckayla Parker, MS
Mckayla Parker
Resident in Counseling, MS
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Mckayla is currently a Resident in Counseling, pursuing full licensure as an LPC in Virginia. Mckayla focuses on helping clients become the best and happiest version of themselves by identifying and improving thought patterns and behaviors while learning to accept and manage emotions. Her goal is to create a counseling environment that is unique and oriented to the specific needs of each client. She often incorporates strategies and techniques from CBT and DBT, along with other approaches that best fit each client's needs.
Mckayla is currently a Resident in Counseling, pursuing full licensure as an LPC in Virginia. Mckayla focuses on helping clients become the best and happiest version of themselves by identifying and improving thought patterns and behaviors while learning to accept and manage emotions. Her goal is to create a counseling environment that is unique and oriented to the specific needs of each client. She often incorporates strategies and techniques from CBT and DBT, along with other approaches that best fit each client's needs.
(804) 465-9785 View (804) 465-9785
Rnllc Llc
Resident in Counseling
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
Whether working with individuals in need of rehabilitation or collaborating with justice agencies to promote effective interventions, Dr. Rosario's unwavering commitment to excellence and compassion shines through in all facets of his work.
Whether working with individuals in need of rehabilitation or collaborating with justice agencies to promote effective interventions, Dr. Rosario's unwavering commitment to excellence and compassion shines through in all facets of his work.
(804) 889-2272 View (804) 889-2272
Photo of Shavon Jack - Create Anew Counseling Services, LMHC, LPC, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Create Anew Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glen Allen, VA 23060
You deserve joy. You deserve peace. You deserve to live your best life and enjoy it to the fullest. At times, life’s circumstances can hinder you from living to your fullest potential. I understand this and am more than willing to help. I am passionate about mental health and the power that lies within the therapeutic relationship. The belief that every client possesses all of the answers and solutions within but sometimes you need help navigating to those answers is my philosophy. I take pride in creating a genuine and safe environment for you to be your authentic self and foster the change you desire and deserve.
You deserve joy. You deserve peace. You deserve to live your best life and enjoy it to the fullest. At times, life’s circumstances can hinder you from living to your fullest potential. I understand this and am more than willing to help. I am passionate about mental health and the power that lies within the therapeutic relationship. The belief that every client possesses all of the answers and solutions within but sometimes you need help navigating to those answers is my philosophy. I take pride in creating a genuine and safe environment for you to be your authentic self and foster the change you desire and deserve.
(804) 589-5218 View (804) 589-5218
Photo of Maureen C Macias, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Maureen C Macias
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060  (Online Only)
I primarily work with older adolescents and adults. I promote a supportive environment to provide a trusting and caring venue for my clients to explore their concerns. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia. My practice focuses on many concerns, but in particular I work with those who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, addiction, trauma, anxiety, relationship concerns and depression. I believe in recovery from symptoms, and find that individuals are interested in moving forward with their goals. My overall approach is to be actively engaged with each client to promote healing, growth and recovery.
I primarily work with older adolescents and adults. I promote a supportive environment to provide a trusting and caring venue for my clients to explore their concerns. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Virginia. My practice focuses on many concerns, but in particular I work with those who have been diagnosed with a severe mental illness, addiction, trauma, anxiety, relationship concerns and depression. I believe in recovery from symptoms, and find that individuals are interested in moving forward with their goals. My overall approach is to be actively engaged with each client to promote healing, growth and recovery.
(833) 352-2572 View (833) 352-2572
Photo of April Parker, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
April Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 11 years of experience in the field. I have worked with youth, adults, couples, and families with diverse mental health concerns. I specialize in relationship issues, family conflict, coping skills, and life transitions alongside anxiety, depression, and grief. During sessions, I utilize a mix of strength-based, culturally sensitive, person-centered, humanistic,and compassion-focused therapies. I ensure that I answer any questions my clients have for me as a therapist or the therapy process and get a sense of their expectations and goals for treatment.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 11 years of experience in the field. I have worked with youth, adults, couples, and families with diverse mental health concerns. I specialize in relationship issues, family conflict, coping skills, and life transitions alongside anxiety, depression, and grief. During sessions, I utilize a mix of strength-based, culturally sensitive, person-centered, humanistic,and compassion-focused therapies. I ensure that I answer any questions my clients have for me as a therapist or the therapy process and get a sense of their expectations and goals for treatment.
(804) 348-0890 View (804) 348-0890
Photo of Rachel Boykin, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rachel Boykin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Rachel Boykin is a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia. When you meet Rachel, you will find a person who has the privilege and honor to combine her two strongest passions: counseling and helping others. You will see that Rachel’s counseling style is multimodal, incorporating several evidence-based techniques from CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy. Rachel believes authenticity, collaboration, and trust are integral for a working relationship with her clients. She is a strong advocate for increasing multicultural competency and ethical standards in the field.
Rachel Boykin is a Licensed Professional Counselor for the state of Virginia. When you meet Rachel, you will find a person who has the privilege and honor to combine her two strongest passions: counseling and helping others. You will see that Rachel’s counseling style is multimodal, incorporating several evidence-based techniques from CBT, Motivational Interviewing, and Solution-Focused Therapy. Rachel believes authenticity, collaboration, and trust are integral for a working relationship with her clients. She is a strong advocate for increasing multicultural competency and ethical standards in the field.
(804) 567-8246 View (804) 567-8246
Photo of Amanda R Swindle, MSW, SISW
Amanda R Swindle
MSW, SISW
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
I work with clients with an array of presenting needs including but not limited to anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, attachment issues, relationship challenges, exploration of personal identity, boundary setting, and exploration of problematic behaviors including but not limited to hyper-sexualization, substance use, etc. I am open to working with children 12+ and adults of any age, race, gender, or sexual orientation. I am interested in providing family therapy to include parenting support to caregivers. I am greatly interested in working with foster care or adoption related challenges.
I work with clients with an array of presenting needs including but not limited to anxiety, depression, ADHD, trauma, attachment issues, relationship challenges, exploration of personal identity, boundary setting, and exploration of problematic behaviors including but not limited to hyper-sexualization, substance use, etc. I am open to working with children 12+ and adults of any age, race, gender, or sexual orientation. I am interested in providing family therapy to include parenting support to caregivers. I am greatly interested in working with foster care or adoption related challenges.
(804) 395-6219 View (804) 395-6219
Photo of Cheryl N. Desvernine, LPC, BCN, Counselor
Cheryl N. Desvernine
Counselor, LPC, BCN
Verified Verified
Glen Allen, VA 23060
Helping people live a better life is my passion. Do you struggle with anxiety, childhood trauma, PTSD, depression and/or ADHD that affects your daily life, relationships and ability to function? It might be that you are learning to set boundaries, working through a loss, or life transition or helping you change a pattern of behavior that is keeping you stuck. Our goal is to help you feel better so you can live the life you’ve always dreamed of!
Helping people live a better life is my passion. Do you struggle with anxiety, childhood trauma, PTSD, depression and/or ADHD that affects your daily life, relationships and ability to function? It might be that you are learning to set boundaries, working through a loss, or life transition or helping you change a pattern of behavior that is keeping you stuck. Our goal is to help you feel better so you can live the life you’ve always dreamed of!
(804) 607-8761 View (804) 607-8761

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 23060

100+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in 23060 who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
78% Trauma and PTSD
70% Self Esteem
64% Relationship Issues
61% Coping Skills
56% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
73% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 23060 see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 23060?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.