Photo of David Grow, PsyD, Psychologist
David Grow
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
Waitlist for new clients
Thank you for viewing my profile. I am a clinical psychologist who works with children, adolescents and adults. Additionally, I offer marital counseling and family counseling. Does life feel like it is getting the better of you? I help people who feel overwhelmed by life's circumstances find success and personal enrichment. I am confident that no matter the reasons your are seeking therapy, we will successfully resolve the difficulties. Before opening my own practice, I worked at the Villa Maria Continuum in Westminster. I then accepted a commission in the military where I helped people in some of the most hostile environments.
Thank you for viewing my profile. I am a clinical psychologist who works with children, adolescents and adults. Additionally, I offer marital counseling and family counseling. Does life feel like it is getting the better of you? I help people who feel overwhelmed by life's circumstances find success and personal enrichment. I am confident that no matter the reasons your are seeking therapy, we will successfully resolve the difficulties. Before opening my own practice, I worked at the Villa Maria Continuum in Westminster. I then accepted a commission in the military where I helped people in some of the most hostile environments.
(443) 214-3231 View (443) 214-3231
Photo of Colleen M Felix, MS, LCPC, SOTC, Counselor
Colleen M Felix
Counselor, MS, LCPC, SOTC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157  (Online Only)
When things are not working out that is when people look for a website like this one. I provide treatment for a variety of mental health issues specializing in anxiety, depression, abuse, abuser intervention and low self-esteem. I believe that everyone has an innate ability to heal. I customize my approach on an individual basis emphasizing an individuals strengths. My view on therapy is that it is a partnership building on the strengths and values or the client to foster growth and wellness.
When things are not working out that is when people look for a website like this one. I provide treatment for a variety of mental health issues specializing in anxiety, depression, abuse, abuser intervention and low self-esteem. I believe that everyone has an innate ability to heal. I customize my approach on an individual basis emphasizing an individuals strengths. My view on therapy is that it is a partnership building on the strengths and values or the client to foster growth and wellness.
(301) 684-8043 View (301) 684-8043
Photo of Alexandra Goerl Rickeman, LCMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Alexandra Goerl Rickeman
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
I help people communicate effectively and build better connections with the ones they love. I see individuals and couples. For those who are experiencing fighting, betrayal or 'falling out of love,' I help you rebuild the the relationship you've been craving. I coach you in opening lines of communication, gaining insight into yourselves and achieving the relationship goals you set. Some couples who see me are looking for a safe place to talk because they are considering separation/divorce; I help them share their worries, process the range of feeling and prioritize their children's well-being during this difficult family time.
I help people communicate effectively and build better connections with the ones they love. I see individuals and couples. For those who are experiencing fighting, betrayal or 'falling out of love,' I help you rebuild the the relationship you've been craving. I coach you in opening lines of communication, gaining insight into yourselves and achieving the relationship goals you set. Some couples who see me are looking for a safe place to talk because they are considering separation/divorce; I help them share their worries, process the range of feeling and prioritize their children's well-being during this difficult family time.
(410) 861-5547 View (410) 861-5547
Photo of Nicholas Palmieri - New Path Counseling Center LLC, LCADC, CCDC, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
New Path Counseling Center LLC
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LCADC, CCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
We treat Adolescents and Adults in the area of Addiction, Substance Abuse, Dual-Diagnosis, Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Trauma (EMDR), and Relationship difficulties. We offer a straightforward, friendly, effective approach to assist you in accomplishing your goals for counseling. We work with individuals, couples and families.
We treat Adolescents and Adults in the area of Addiction, Substance Abuse, Dual-Diagnosis, Anxiety, Depression, Stress, Trauma (EMDR), and Relationship difficulties. We offer a straightforward, friendly, effective approach to assist you in accomplishing your goals for counseling. We work with individuals, couples and families.
(410) 305-7232 View (410) 305-7232
Photo of Krystal Kotacska, MS, LGPC
Krystal Kotacska
MS, LGPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or just feeling stuck, I'm here to help. Let's work together to find the solutions and support you need. In our sessions, my goal is to create a space where you feel completely at ease—where you can express yourself openly and honestly, without fear of judgment. Together, we'll work towards increasing your self-awareness and understanding your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I believe that with the right support, everyone can make positive changes and live a more fulfilling life.
Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship issues, or just feeling stuck, I'm here to help. Let's work together to find the solutions and support you need. In our sessions, my goal is to create a space where you feel completely at ease—where you can express yourself openly and honestly, without fear of judgment. Together, we'll work towards increasing your self-awareness and understanding your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. I believe that with the right support, everyone can make positive changes and live a more fulfilling life.
(667) 202-0131 View (667) 202-0131
Photo of Brittany Edie - Graceful Balance Wellness, MS, LCPC, LPC, RYT-200
Graceful Balance Wellness
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC, LPC, RYT-200
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
If you’ve been struggling with stress, anxiety, relationship challenges, or seeking personal growth and wellness, you may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck, yearning for balance and peace. Know that you are not alone and there is hope. At Graceful Balance Wellness, we offer a compassionate, faith-based approach that integrates mind, body, and spirit. Our goal is to support your journey toward healing and growth, helping you manage stress and anxiety, improve relationships, and achieve a sense of wholeness and fulfillment.
If you’ve been struggling with stress, anxiety, relationship challenges, or seeking personal growth and wellness, you may feel overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck, yearning for balance and peace. Know that you are not alone and there is hope. At Graceful Balance Wellness, we offer a compassionate, faith-based approach that integrates mind, body, and spirit. Our goal is to support your journey toward healing and growth, helping you manage stress and anxiety, improve relationships, and achieve a sense of wholeness and fulfillment.
(443) 988-0338 View (443) 988-0338
Photo of Amanda Gibbons, MSW, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Amanda Gibbons
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157  (Online Only)
Hello! I am so glad that you are seeking support during your current life challenge. I'm Amanda, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker! With a focus on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Perinatal Mental Health, and Grief counseling, I'm dedicated to supporting individuals through life's transitions. I work with adolescents and adults aged 10 and above, providing compassionate care for issues such as Anxiety, Depression, Executive Functioning difficulties, Grief, Conception Challenges, Birth Trauma, Pregnancy Anxiety, Post-partum mental health, and Stress management.
Hello! I am so glad that you are seeking support during your current life challenge. I'm Amanda, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker! With a focus on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Perinatal Mental Health, and Grief counseling, I'm dedicated to supporting individuals through life's transitions. I work with adolescents and adults aged 10 and above, providing compassionate care for issues such as Anxiety, Depression, Executive Functioning difficulties, Grief, Conception Challenges, Birth Trauma, Pregnancy Anxiety, Post-partum mental health, and Stress management.
(667) 213-5854 View (667) 213-5854
Photo of Rachel Gill, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rachel Gill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
Rachel believes that therapy should be a safe place where you can talk about what is meaningful to you. She strikes a balance between encouraging her clients and helping them see areas where they need to change. She is consistently amazed by the beauty and resilience of each person. Her clients and their journey to find a better life is her inspiration to continue this work.
Rachel believes that therapy should be a safe place where you can talk about what is meaningful to you. She strikes a balance between encouraging her clients and helping them see areas where they need to change. She is consistently amazed by the beauty and resilience of each person. Her clients and their journey to find a better life is her inspiration to continue this work.
(667) 220-9599 View (667) 220-9599
Photo of Laura M Thorpe, LCSW-C, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Laura M Thorpe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, BCD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
I work in collaboration and partnership with my clients, identifying, developing and enhancing their strengths. I help facilitate my client's journey on her/his path to self-discovery. I join with my clients to help them pursue their personal and interpersonal goals. This joining brings a powerful synergy to the growth and change process - making the change process less difficult, more rewarding and even joyful! Life's difficulties are easier to manage when we have inner strength, courage and the knowledge that we have coping skills and interpersonal skills. We are better able to live a more centered and grounded life.
I work in collaboration and partnership with my clients, identifying, developing and enhancing their strengths. I help facilitate my client's journey on her/his path to self-discovery. I join with my clients to help them pursue their personal and interpersonal goals. This joining brings a powerful synergy to the growth and change process - making the change process less difficult, more rewarding and even joyful! Life's difficulties are easier to manage when we have inner strength, courage and the knowledge that we have coping skills and interpersonal skills. We are better able to live a more centered and grounded life.
(410) 941-2835 View (410) 941-2835
Photo of Alena R. Alsruhe, MA, LCPC, NCC, CPT, Counselor
Alena R. Alsruhe
Counselor, MA, LCPC, NCC, CPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
Hello, it is wonderful to connect with you! I want you to know that whatever life challenge is in front of you now, I believe there is hope. My desire is to be able to listen and encourage you during this season of life. I want to foster a relationship of trust in order to promote a life change that you can feel passionate about. I am a graduate of the McDaniel College Masters Program in Counseling. I have 7 years of combined School Counseling and School Therapy experience and 7 years in the clinical counseling field. I currently work with clients 18 and up!
Hello, it is wonderful to connect with you! I want you to know that whatever life challenge is in front of you now, I believe there is hope. My desire is to be able to listen and encourage you during this season of life. I want to foster a relationship of trust in order to promote a life change that you can feel passionate about. I am a graduate of the McDaniel College Masters Program in Counseling. I have 7 years of combined School Counseling and School Therapy experience and 7 years in the clinical counseling field. I currently work with clients 18 and up!
(443) 233-6756 View (443) 233-6756
Photo of Martha Smith, LCPC, NCC
Martha Smith
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
My approach to counseling is a strengths based one. I specialize in treating children, teenagers and adults. I have advanced training in play therapy, ABA therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, and trauma. I believe that when people are going through serious life events they can change for the better with active listening, empathy, unconditional acceptance and the use of an eclectic approach to meet the patients individual needs.
My approach to counseling is a strengths based one. I specialize in treating children, teenagers and adults. I have advanced training in play therapy, ABA therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, and trauma. I believe that when people are going through serious life events they can change for the better with active listening, empathy, unconditional acceptance and the use of an eclectic approach to meet the patients individual needs.
(410) 324-6312 View (410) 324-6312
Photo of Josh Foster, LCPC, Counselor
Josh Foster
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157  (Online Only)
You're beginning to wonder if a Happily Ever After fairytale is possible for you. The Hallmark and rom com movies all seem to make it look so much easier. But all these roles you’re expected to play to perfection… love interest, stressed professional, kick-ass parent, funny sidekick, unpaid Uber driver, caring sister, Christmas enthusiast who moves back to their hometown - leaves you exhausted & struggling. But you're also expected to be emotionally available, and not have any struggles with anxiety. You’re fucking exhausted. But maybe, you (keep) telling yourself, if you try just a little harder, you can make it work.
You're beginning to wonder if a Happily Ever After fairytale is possible for you. The Hallmark and rom com movies all seem to make it look so much easier. But all these roles you’re expected to play to perfection… love interest, stressed professional, kick-ass parent, funny sidekick, unpaid Uber driver, caring sister, Christmas enthusiast who moves back to their hometown - leaves you exhausted & struggling. But you're also expected to be emotionally available, and not have any struggles with anxiety. You’re fucking exhausted. But maybe, you (keep) telling yourself, if you try just a little harder, you can make it work.
(410) 834-3647 View (410) 834-3647
Photo of Nathan Heydari, MA, Counselor
Nathan Heydari
Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157  (Online Only)
Have you had a hard journey in life? Do you keep finding yourself in the same place, confused about your changing moods, and having difficulty finding stability and understanding in relationships? Are you yearning for a moment of peace (and the ability to allow yourself to be present there)? Maybe you have spent a lot of time meeting the needs of others, and haven't really figured out who you are. I can help you gain perspective on these themes that may be present in your life and to learn how to trust yourself more. I believe you hold the answers within you, and together, we will hold a safe space for you to discover them.
Have you had a hard journey in life? Do you keep finding yourself in the same place, confused about your changing moods, and having difficulty finding stability and understanding in relationships? Are you yearning for a moment of peace (and the ability to allow yourself to be present there)? Maybe you have spent a lot of time meeting the needs of others, and haven't really figured out who you are. I can help you gain perspective on these themes that may be present in your life and to learn how to trust yourself more. I believe you hold the answers within you, and together, we will hold a safe space for you to discover them.
(240) 255-2907 View (240) 255-2907
Susan J Glore
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor for over 30 years I provide services for adults and adolescents with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, sexual assault, academic concerns, women's issues, grief/loss, and life transitions. I have extensive experience with college age students and specialize in working with learning differences including ADHD and Spectrum Disorders.
As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor for over 30 years I provide services for adults and adolescents with anxiety, depression, relationship problems, sexual assault, academic concerns, women's issues, grief/loss, and life transitions. I have extensive experience with college age students and specialize in working with learning differences including ADHD and Spectrum Disorders.
(443) 201-7381 View (443) 201-7381
Photo of Kathleen A Mahony, LCPC
Kathleen A Mahony
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157  (Online Only)
I am a board certified LCPC licensed in MD, PA, VA, NY, and DE with experience in both non-profit outpatient mental health clinics and private practice serving individuals and families. My primary client focus is currently high school to adult. I look forward to meeting and getting to know you and helping you to reach your goals. Please follow this link, select Westminster as your requested location, my name as preferred provider to request a new appointment:https://www.cedarridgecounseling.com/request-appointment
I am a board certified LCPC licensed in MD, PA, VA, NY, and DE with experience in both non-profit outpatient mental health clinics and private practice serving individuals and families. My primary client focus is currently high school to adult. I look forward to meeting and getting to know you and helping you to reach your goals. Please follow this link, select Westminster as your requested location, my name as preferred provider to request a new appointment:https://www.cedarridgecounseling.com/request-appointment
(443) 241-2980 View (443) 241-2980
Photo of Tiffany Masimore, LCSW-C, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Tiffany Masimore
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LCSW
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
Whether it be helping you through big life changes or managing the stress of day to day life, therapy can help! My goal is to empower, support, and help you achieve your personal goals and help you learn to manage things getting in the way.
Whether it be helping you through big life changes or managing the stress of day to day life, therapy can help! My goal is to empower, support, and help you achieve your personal goals and help you learn to manage things getting in the way.
(667) 868-0872 View (667) 868-0872
Photo of Tammy L Williams, LCPC, NCC, Counselor
Tammy L Williams
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
Tammy L. Williams LCPC is committed to providing each client with the optimal level of Mental Health treatment and personalized attention. My goal is to assist the client on the journey to spiritual, mental, emotional, and physical wellness. I believe in providing services to meet the individual needs of clients. I do have experience working with clients diagnosed with co-occurring disorders. Please don’t hesitate to contact me should you need any further information. Openings for daytime appointments. Immediate openings for telehealth.
Tammy L. Williams LCPC is committed to providing each client with the optimal level of Mental Health treatment and personalized attention. My goal is to assist the client on the journey to spiritual, mental, emotional, and physical wellness. I believe in providing services to meet the individual needs of clients. I do have experience working with clients diagnosed with co-occurring disorders. Please don’t hesitate to contact me should you need any further information. Openings for daytime appointments. Immediate openings for telehealth.
(443) 241-1511 View (443) 241-1511
Joyce Schaum
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
As a therapist, I use an eclectic approach pulling from various methods to best meet your individual needs. I also work closely with other practitioners as needed. My clients often find me to be relaxed, empathic and nurturing. My style is marked by warmth, empathy, candor and a bit of humor. I work to build a respectful, trusting environment where clients feel confident and safe discussing their issues. As a state-approved clinical supervisor, I provide a safe, respectful environment for LGPC's to pursue their state licensure. I now have telehealth available for therapy as well as supervision.
As a therapist, I use an eclectic approach pulling from various methods to best meet your individual needs. I also work closely with other practitioners as needed. My clients often find me to be relaxed, empathic and nurturing. My style is marked by warmth, empathy, candor and a bit of humor. I work to build a respectful, trusting environment where clients feel confident and safe discussing their issues. As a state-approved clinical supervisor, I provide a safe, respectful environment for LGPC's to pursue their state licensure. I now have telehealth available for therapy as well as supervision.
(410) 881-4595 View (410) 881-4595
Bernadette McGee
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Westminster, MD 21157
If you are considering entering into counseling or therapy I would like to warmly welcome you to join my practice. Each individual brings a unique and deeply personal perspective to the counseling relationship. It is my intention to encourage that relationship by providing a safe and comfortable environment where we can explore, clarify, and heal those areas of life causing pain or difficulty and, just as importantly, nurture those areas bringing success and joy. Ideally our work together will grow your own personal resources, knowledge, stability, and strength.
If you are considering entering into counseling or therapy I would like to warmly welcome you to join my practice. Each individual brings a unique and deeply personal perspective to the counseling relationship. It is my intention to encourage that relationship by providing a safe and comfortable environment where we can explore, clarify, and heal those areas of life causing pain or difficulty and, just as importantly, nurture those areas bringing success and joy. Ideally our work together will grow your own personal resources, knowledge, stability, and strength.
(443) 334-8592 View (443) 334-8592
Photo of Mary Gumbs, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mary Gumbs
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westminster, MD 21157
Waitlist for new clients
Hello! My name is Mary Gumbs. I am a therapist dedicated to supporting clients on their journey to cope with and manage anxiety, depression, identity exploration and adjustment issues. I am deeply committed to helping my clients develop wholistic well-being, and my warm and non-judgmental approach combines various interventions such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I love to empower my clients to identify their core values, set meaningful goals, develop healthy communication styles, and make choices that align with their core beliefs and passions.
Hello! My name is Mary Gumbs. I am a therapist dedicated to supporting clients on their journey to cope with and manage anxiety, depression, identity exploration and adjustment issues. I am deeply committed to helping my clients develop wholistic well-being, and my warm and non-judgmental approach combines various interventions such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). I love to empower my clients to identify their core values, set meaningful goals, develop healthy communication styles, and make choices that align with their core beliefs and passions.
(410) 970-3441 View (410) 970-3441
1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 21157

100+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in 21157 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
86% Depression
81% Self Esteem
77% Relationship Issues
73% Coping Skills
72% Stress
69% Grief

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% CareFirst
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 21157 see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

87% Female
12% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 21157?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.