Therapists in 12222
![Photo of Tina Lyn, MA, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e6efa47a-d891-4bd7-aaed-3d889065d488/1/320x400.jpeg)
You don’t have to be in crisis to support your mental health. Even if you’re not actively struggling with a major conflict, and you’re simply curious about therapy, you can still reach out for support. Choosing to seek therapy means you're courageous enough to continue your journey toward self-discovery and personal growth. Your life is worth your attention.
You don’t have to be in crisis to support your mental health. Even if you’re not actively struggling with a major conflict, and you’re simply curious about therapy, you can still reach out for support. Choosing to seek therapy means you're courageous enough to continue your journey toward self-discovery and personal growth. Your life is worth your attention.
![Photo of Elena Catherine Montemurro, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f6389cf7-68bb-4c48-9da8-fd5e357e267e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Elena Catherine Montemurro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12222
People choose therapy for many reasons such as relationship problems, stress connected to life transitions or feeling stuck or dissatisfied with life circumstances. As a licensed therapist I believe that no one should have to endure pain and suffering alone. Therapy can lead to evolution and growth in all areas of life such as improved self esteem and relationships with others. My style is collaborative and my clients like the fact that I do more than just listen. I raise questions, get them thinking, make suggestions, and engage actively.
People choose therapy for many reasons such as relationship problems, stress connected to life transitions or feeling stuck or dissatisfied with life circumstances. As a licensed therapist I believe that no one should have to endure pain and suffering alone. Therapy can lead to evolution and growth in all areas of life such as improved self esteem and relationships with others. My style is collaborative and my clients like the fact that I do more than just listen. I raise questions, get them thinking, make suggestions, and engage actively.
![Photo of Alexandra Sala, LMSW](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/29305531-685e-4ed9-b9d6-d592430cf4f3/3/320x400.jpeg)
Life can present challenges and difficulties working through a variety of transitions, decisions, relationships and traumas. Anxiety and depression is more prevalent now than ever. Whether it is a pattern of difficult relationships, self doubt and low self esteem, self medicating or a dissatisfaction with life circumstances, change and healing is possible. I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience and I work with each client to find a style that works best for them. I do more than just listen. I make observations, offer feedback and engage actively in sessions.
Life can present challenges and difficulties working through a variety of transitions, decisions, relationships and traumas. Anxiety and depression is more prevalent now than ever. Whether it is a pattern of difficult relationships, self doubt and low self esteem, self medicating or a dissatisfaction with life circumstances, change and healing is possible. I believe that therapy is a collaborative experience and I work with each client to find a style that works best for them. I do more than just listen. I make observations, offer feedback and engage actively in sessions.
![Photo of Susan Hart, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/eefe357f-7dd6-4ad7-87dd-215c1490097a/1/320x400.jpeg)
I treat anxiety, depression, narcissism, couples, adults and more with science and care. I focus on comfort, precision and thoroughness to strengthen the dynamics and boundaries of life, event and issue strategies. Learn specific skills and understand how education, career, boundaries and justice combine to express themselves into human behavior and thought. All ages, experiences, education and careers, individual, marriage, family, career, sport, and court. Decades as a therapist, teacher, coach, and in investigation and research. Best performance outcomes in a diversity of settings and factors. CBT if desired. Private.
I treat anxiety, depression, narcissism, couples, adults and more with science and care. I focus on comfort, precision and thoroughness to strengthen the dynamics and boundaries of life, event and issue strategies. Learn specific skills and understand how education, career, boundaries and justice combine to express themselves into human behavior and thought. All ages, experiences, education and careers, individual, marriage, family, career, sport, and court. Decades as a therapist, teacher, coach, and in investigation and research. Best performance outcomes in a diversity of settings and factors. CBT if desired. Private.
![Photo of Colin Kowlessar, LMHC, CASAC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8c741592-5105-463d-a050-282908aa3962/3/320x400.jpeg)
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Credentialed Substance Abuse Counselor in New York State with over 10 years of working experience. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges and substance abuse issues. My counseling style is warm and interactive. I believe in treating anyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and I don't believe in stigmatizing labels. I will tailor our dialogue and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs.
I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor and Credentialed Substance Abuse Counselor in New York State with over 10 years of working experience. I have worked with clients with a wide range of concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, career challenges and substance abuse issues. My counseling style is warm and interactive. I believe in treating anyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion, and I don't believe in stigmatizing labels. I will tailor our dialogue and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs.
![Photo of Amanda Foster, LMHC, MSEd, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3d75f117-04d9-4267-8ac3-6402a3e3a572/1/320x400.png)
With an always empathetic approach, I combine my listening skills, non- judgmental perspective, and ability to put myself in my client shoes to help the client get to a place of growth and healing. Centered Therapy and providing a safe and trusting environment incorporating Psychodynamic Theory.
With an always empathetic approach, I combine my listening skills, non- judgmental perspective, and ability to put myself in my client shoes to help the client get to a place of growth and healing. Centered Therapy and providing a safe and trusting environment incorporating Psychodynamic Theory.
![Photo of Brian Agwanihu, MSW, LSW, Pre-Licensed Professional](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5b95735f-4549-4735-abdf-7fe013ad6e3d/2/320x400.jpeg)
My goal is to help people feel understood and supported so that they can grow and learn to face the many obstacles they face in life. If you’re looking for a strong male therapist with a lot of life experience, I am the right fit for you. I have a broad range of experience that enables me to help a wide variety of people.
My goal is to help people feel understood and supported so that they can grow and learn to face the many obstacles they face in life. If you’re looking for a strong male therapist with a lot of life experience, I am the right fit for you. I have a broad range of experience that enables me to help a wide variety of people.
![Photo of Orly Sarah Bendavid - Orly Bendavid - illumind Psychotherapy, MA, MT-BC, LCAT](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/dc5c953f-0769-43dc-b754-1a98b4513841/2/320x400.jpeg)
Orly Bendavid - illumind Psychotherapy
Creative Arts Therapist, MA, MT-BC, LCAT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12222
We offer creative therapy for creative people because sometimes words are not enough. We primarily use verbal psychotherapy practices to treat our clients, and depending on your needs we may take a more active role and offer, music, visual art, poetry, movement, drama, or EMDR to help you move those sticky feelings. Our goal is to help you create a sense of flow in your life. Therapy like our art, can help us gain insight, reduce anxiety, worry, fear and help us increase our consciousness and connection to our innermost self. No experience in the arts is necessary.
We offer creative therapy for creative people because sometimes words are not enough. We primarily use verbal psychotherapy practices to treat our clients, and depending on your needs we may take a more active role and offer, music, visual art, poetry, movement, drama, or EMDR to help you move those sticky feelings. Our goal is to help you create a sense of flow in your life. Therapy like our art, can help us gain insight, reduce anxiety, worry, fear and help us increase our consciousness and connection to our innermost self. No experience in the arts is necessary.
![Photo of Carolyn Plum LeRoy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a24a1cfe-4600-4fec-8bd5-0e1561470d83/1/320x400.jpeg)
Carolyn Plum LeRoy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12222 (Online Only)
Carolyn Plum LeRoy is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker from New York, NY who works with adults and provides care for those who are struggling with heartbreak and anxiety. Carolyn has extensive experience with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and has been licensed for 10 years. Carolyn’s treatment approach is rooted in evidence-based practices that focus on the connection between core beliefs and behavior. Carolyn studied at SUNY Albany where she obtained an MSW. She worked at Ellis Medicine for 5 years where she established her strengths based therapy techniques that have been a crucial part of her clients progress and success.
Carolyn Plum LeRoy is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker from New York, NY who works with adults and provides care for those who are struggling with heartbreak and anxiety. Carolyn has extensive experience with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and has been licensed for 10 years. Carolyn’s treatment approach is rooted in evidence-based practices that focus on the connection between core beliefs and behavior. Carolyn studied at SUNY Albany where she obtained an MSW. She worked at Ellis Medicine for 5 years where she established her strengths based therapy techniques that have been a crucial part of her clients progress and success.
![Photo of Mercy R Austen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/168a5960-c857-4c11-bb01-2a963957cf96/1/320x400.jpeg)
Mercy R Austen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12222 (Online Only)
I am licensed in NYS & IN. I have dedicated 17 years of my career to working w/individuals who are experiencing life concerns; relationship issues, career, living situations. I specialize in supporting people managing health concerns; Reproductive, cancers, geriatric, caregiver, diabetes, cancer, heart, respiratory. Additionally, developmental (MS, MD) & acquired (head, spinal cord). I focus on helping individuals and their caregivers manage anxiety, depression & other mental health concerns which are triggered/caused by health concerns. I enjoy working w/people of faith or philosophy & those searching.
I am licensed in NYS & IN. I have dedicated 17 years of my career to working w/individuals who are experiencing life concerns; relationship issues, career, living situations. I specialize in supporting people managing health concerns; Reproductive, cancers, geriatric, caregiver, diabetes, cancer, heart, respiratory. Additionally, developmental (MS, MD) & acquired (head, spinal cord). I focus on helping individuals and their caregivers manage anxiety, depression & other mental health concerns which are triggered/caused by health concerns. I enjoy working w/people of faith or philosophy & those searching.
![Photo of Mindy R Bresky, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/74987736-0c1a-4745-97b9-e9ba4ccab54b/1/320x400.jpeg)
With over two decades of experience as a licensed clinical social worker, specializing in anxiety, grief, depression, and addiction, I prioritize creating a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment for my clients. Drawing from my extensive training in The Gestalt Institute, I understand the profound impact of the therapeutic relationship on the healing process. In my practice, I place a strong emphasis on fostering a personal connection with each client. I believe that this relationship is not only important but fundamental to facilitating meaningful change Wherever you are in your journey, I am dedicated to supporting you.
With over two decades of experience as a licensed clinical social worker, specializing in anxiety, grief, depression, and addiction, I prioritize creating a safe and nurturing therapeutic environment for my clients. Drawing from my extensive training in The Gestalt Institute, I understand the profound impact of the therapeutic relationship on the healing process. In my practice, I place a strong emphasis on fostering a personal connection with each client. I believe that this relationship is not only important but fundamental to facilitating meaningful change Wherever you are in your journey, I am dedicated to supporting you.
15 Second Videos
Tina Lyn
Susan Hart
Orly Bendavid - illumind Psychotherapy
Bridget Anton
![Photo of Britney Richardson](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/77823635-88f9-4070-a9f4-9d4cb7498f0d/2/320x400.png)
I am a 1st generation graduate student at the University at Albany currently working towards earning my Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling.
I am a 1st generation graduate student at the University at Albany currently working towards earning my Master's degree in Mental Health Counseling.
![Photo of Dr. Bridget Anton, PhD, MA, LPC, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/98094ac0-b64f-40d1-8ec2-86be87532727/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dr. Bridget Anton
Psychologist, PhD, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12222 (Online Only)
People often seek out therapy hoping for some form of change. Whether you are struggling with feelings of stress, anger, sadness, confusion, or frustration, or searching for peace, you are not meant to do it alone. My goal is to help you live a more meaningful life through a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focus, I create a unique plan for clients to most effectively address a broad range of issues including depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, marital distress, and to develop more adaptive skills related to coping and communication. We will work to create better awareness of yourself and create happier and healthier lives.
People often seek out therapy hoping for some form of change. Whether you are struggling with feelings of stress, anger, sadness, confusion, or frustration, or searching for peace, you are not meant to do it alone. My goal is to help you live a more meaningful life through a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focus, I create a unique plan for clients to most effectively address a broad range of issues including depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, marital distress, and to develop more adaptive skills related to coping and communication. We will work to create better awareness of yourself and create happier and healthier lives.
![Photo of James M. Hislop, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3de91822-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/4/320x400.jpeg)
As of 12/16/2022, I'm working solo at my new office in Clifton Park. All consultation visits, whether in person or telehealth, are by appointment only. Please leave a message and be patient with my return call within 24 hours. Among special interests are the uses of: 1. movies that heal, 2. the process of grieving and acceptance, 3. aging gracefully, and 4. the cultural damage to relationships. We study the masters and learn. Also I offer a yearly professional certification training course to become a Consulting Hypnotist through the National Guild of Hypnotists. For details, visit my website at jameshislop.com.
As of 12/16/2022, I'm working solo at my new office in Clifton Park. All consultation visits, whether in person or telehealth, are by appointment only. Please leave a message and be patient with my return call within 24 hours. Among special interests are the uses of: 1. movies that heal, 2. the process of grieving and acceptance, 3. aging gracefully, and 4. the cultural damage to relationships. We study the masters and learn. Also I offer a yearly professional certification training course to become a Consulting Hypnotist through the National Guild of Hypnotists. For details, visit my website at jameshislop.com.
![Photo of Bree Beaudette, LCAT](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/560c0fa4-ee34-477f-862b-8391e13365dd/2/320x400.jpeg)
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you.
Are you seeking evidence-based psychotherapy to help you achieve your goals or manage your symptoms in the most effective way? If you or your child are struggling with your mood, anxiety, trauma, obsessive or unhelpful thinking patterns, chronic pain, or behaviors you wish to change, I or another qualified therapist at MindWell Psychology may be able to help you.
![Photo of Kelsey Mooney, LMHC, CASAC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6319afd6-032a-40f5-946c-fa089734c11e/1/320x400.jpeg)
My fully telehealth practice is catered towards working professionals, college students and teens (14+). I am a trauma-informed therapist that provides an intentional nonjudgmental LGBTQIA+ affirming space. My practice is centered around folks dealing with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma and LGBTQIA+ issues; including exploring sexuality and gender identity. Many of my clients are dealing with life stressors/transitions, relationship struggles and self-esteem concerns.
My fully telehealth practice is catered towards working professionals, college students and teens (14+). I am a trauma-informed therapist that provides an intentional nonjudgmental LGBTQIA+ affirming space. My practice is centered around folks dealing with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma and LGBTQIA+ issues; including exploring sexuality and gender identity. Many of my clients are dealing with life stressors/transitions, relationship struggles and self-esteem concerns.
![Photo of Barbara E Clark, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d5194614-11d4-4266-803e-d04ded7547ee/2/320x400.jpeg)
Barbara E Clark
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12222 (Online Only)
Each life is a gift. I acknowledge and honor each individual that joins me with their most heartfelt challenges to their most celebrated achievements. I use an integrative approach to treat anxiety, depression, trauma in adolescents, adults, and couples. I offer a warm and collaborative approach to tackling your life’s challenges through making concrete goals with you. I have been practicing for several years, working with various populations in the New York City metropolitan area.
Each life is a gift. I acknowledge and honor each individual that joins me with their most heartfelt challenges to their most celebrated achievements. I use an integrative approach to treat anxiety, depression, trauma in adolescents, adults, and couples. I offer a warm and collaborative approach to tackling your life’s challenges through making concrete goals with you. I have been practicing for several years, working with various populations in the New York City metropolitan area.
![Photo of Takisha A Sales, MA](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/43019df0-8d84-4ac6-9e68-def0a17e7bc4/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you feeling sad, overwhelmed, stressed, or anxious? Are you ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and growth? If your answer is YES, I am here to help you get started. I am committed to creating a safe, non-judgmental space, where your experiences are heard, understood, and embraced. With a compassionate approach, we will work together to navigate challenges, discover your strengths, overcome obstacles, and achieve a more fulfilling life.
Are you feeling sad, overwhelmed, stressed, or anxious? Are you ready to embark on a journey of self-discovery, healing, and growth? If your answer is YES, I am here to help you get started. I am committed to creating a safe, non-judgmental space, where your experiences are heard, understood, and embraced. With a compassionate approach, we will work together to navigate challenges, discover your strengths, overcome obstacles, and achieve a more fulfilling life.
![Photo of Jasmin Amarillas, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b332c855-f4df-4c1a-95e9-c822dca15070/2/320x400.png)
We all experience, loss, trauma, anxiety, depression or life transitions at some point in our lives, but we do not have to go through these challenges alone. I would like to help you work through these challenges in a caring safe environment. I sincerely enjoy listening to people, and learning their story. I work to provide a safe, non-judgmental environment for my clients. I view challenges from a Humanistic Orientation, however, am able to adapt to my clients' needs regarding how they like to conceptualize the world around them, and how they respond best to solutions to move them forward.
We all experience, loss, trauma, anxiety, depression or life transitions at some point in our lives, but we do not have to go through these challenges alone. I would like to help you work through these challenges in a caring safe environment. I sincerely enjoy listening to people, and learning their story. I work to provide a safe, non-judgmental environment for my clients. I view challenges from a Humanistic Orientation, however, am able to adapt to my clients' needs regarding how they like to conceptualize the world around them, and how they respond best to solutions to move them forward.
![Photo of Marissa Potter, LCMHC, Counselor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ea0e4528-4c3f-42d8-b7d4-197169300d44/3/320x400.png)
My name is Marissa Potter and I am a licensed clinical mental health counselor (LMHC) based in New York and working with individuals via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in a wide range of focus areas, such as, but not limited to anxiety, stress, depression, and communication styles. Some therapeutic styles I use to address these areas are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to help my clients through these challenging times and find growth in desired areas.
My name is Marissa Potter and I am a licensed clinical mental health counselor (LMHC) based in New York and working with individuals via telehealth. I work with adults and specialize in a wide range of focus areas, such as, but not limited to anxiety, stress, depression, and communication styles. Some therapeutic styles I use to address these areas are Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solution Focused Therapy to help my clients through these challenging times and find growth in desired areas.
See more therapy options for 12222
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in 12222
20+
Average cost per session
$125
Therapists in 12222 who prioritize treating:
100% | Anxiety |
89% | Depression |
82% | Stress |
75% | Self Esteem |
71% | Relationship Issues |
68% | Coping Skills |
64% | Life Transitions |
Average years in practice
11 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
68% | Aetna |
60% | Cigna and Evernorth |
60% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
How Therapists in 12222 see their clients
50% | In Person and Online | |
50% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
87% | Female | |
13% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in 12222?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.