Photo of Janine Fabrizio, MSW, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janine Fabrizio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy can be a powerful tool for promoting change, healing and growth. The goal is to replace feelings of emptiness or symptoms of anxiety and depression with feelings of empowerment and overall emotional well-being. By fostering meaningful discussions, positive behaviors and healthy changes can be achieved. As a licensed clinical social worker, and licensed certified alcohol and drug counselor, I have more than 20 years’ experience working with a diverse population in the prevention, treatment and recovery support field for mental health and substance use disorders. I specialize in grief and working with adults and older adults.
Therapy can be a powerful tool for promoting change, healing and growth. The goal is to replace feelings of emptiness or symptoms of anxiety and depression with feelings of empowerment and overall emotional well-being. By fostering meaningful discussions, positive behaviors and healthy changes can be achieved. As a licensed clinical social worker, and licensed certified alcohol and drug counselor, I have more than 20 years’ experience working with a diverse population in the prevention, treatment and recovery support field for mental health and substance use disorders. I specialize in grief and working with adults and older adults.
(848) 251-0835 View (848) 251-0835
Photo of Stephanie Hall Rutledge, PhD, LPC, NCC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Stephanie Hall Rutledge
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
In addition to maintaining a clinical practice, I am chair and professor in the Department of Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Emory & Henry. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, specializing in grief counseling, trauma work, relationship concerns, and family conflict. I am an LGBTQ+ affirmative therapist. I am also trained in experiential modalities including Equine Assisted Psychotherapy and EMDR. Please reach out if you would like to schedule a quick call to see if we would be a good team!
In addition to maintaining a clinical practice, I am chair and professor in the Department of Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Emory & Henry. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, specializing in grief counseling, trauma work, relationship concerns, and family conflict. I am an LGBTQ+ affirmative therapist. I am also trained in experiential modalities including Equine Assisted Psychotherapy and EMDR. Please reach out if you would like to schedule a quick call to see if we would be a good team!
(571) 506-6491 View (571) 506-6491
Photo of Kimberly A Pillsbury - Kimberly A. Pillsbury, LLC, MA, LPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Kimberly A. Pillsbury, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCADC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Are you searching for something different but not quite sure what? Do you lie in bed at night wondering how you got where you are and where to go from there? The demands of daily life and doing for others can be overwhelming. These pulls can lead to feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, depression and cause conflicts with others. Together we will discover how to cope with stresses and reduce painful feelings.
Are you searching for something different but not quite sure what? Do you lie in bed at night wondering how you got where you are and where to go from there? The demands of daily life and doing for others can be overwhelming. These pulls can lead to feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, depression and cause conflicts with others. Together we will discover how to cope with stresses and reduce painful feelings.
(732) 497-3879 View (732) 497-3879
Photo of Elizabeth J Mcandrews - Liz McAndrews, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Liz McAndrews
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Liz's ability to listen without judgement and form trusting relationships is at the heart of her work. When people are not heard - depression, anxiety, passive-aggressive, and aggressive behaviors result. She, therefore, encourages clients to communicate more effectively by identifying and asserting their needs. She helps clients to be more Mindful to better regulate emotions and build resilience so that they may more effectively interact with their world and have more meaningful interpersonal relationships. Her extensive training in Attachment Theory allows her to help people overcome painful disruptions of trust, either in childhood or as an adult,
Liz's ability to listen without judgement and form trusting relationships is at the heart of her work. When people are not heard - depression, anxiety, passive-aggressive, and aggressive behaviors result. She, therefore, encourages clients to communicate more effectively by identifying and asserting their needs. She helps clients to be more Mindful to better regulate emotions and build resilience so that they may more effectively interact with their world and have more meaningful interpersonal relationships. Her extensive training in Attachment Theory allows her to help people overcome painful disruptions of trust, either in childhood or as an adult,
(509) 740-3664 View (509) 740-3664
Photo of Dawn M Babler, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dawn M Babler
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Hello! I am an interactive therapist, offering understanding, insight, feedback and strategies. I am also a solid listener and sounding board. My goal is to instill confidence and help you to have more joy and less stress in relationships, jobs, and other areas. I teach tools and strategies that you can continue to use throughout the rest of your life. I often use humor in session so that you can leave therapy feeling lighter. Together we will work as a team to manage and resolve the issues that bother you. Your therapy takes the path that you need.
Hello! I am an interactive therapist, offering understanding, insight, feedback and strategies. I am also a solid listener and sounding board. My goal is to instill confidence and help you to have more joy and less stress in relationships, jobs, and other areas. I teach tools and strategies that you can continue to use throughout the rest of your life. I often use humor in session so that you can leave therapy feeling lighter. Together we will work as a team to manage and resolve the issues that bother you. Your therapy takes the path that you need.
(732) 595-4173 View (732) 595-4173
Photo of Lisa Zaffarese, NCC, LPC, RPT, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lisa Zaffarese
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC, RPT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Hi! I'm Lisa. I am a National Board Certified Counselor, Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist. Profound Insights serves the various needs of children, adolescents, young adults, parents and families.
Hi! I'm Lisa. I am a National Board Certified Counselor, Licensed Professional Counselor and Registered Play Therapist. Profound Insights serves the various needs of children, adolescents, young adults, parents and families.
(732) 515-4160 View (732) 515-4160
Photo of Jacqueline Soboti - The Therapy Institute, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The Therapy Institute
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
The Therapy Institute will help navigate your current life struggles, provide emotional support, and start the healing process. We are changing the way we talk about mental health and are committed to guiding you to embrace your vulnerability and develop a sense of comfort as we address emotional and mental health needs.
The Therapy Institute will help navigate your current life struggles, provide emotional support, and start the healing process. We are changing the way we talk about mental health and are committed to guiding you to embrace your vulnerability and develop a sense of comfort as we address emotional and mental health needs.
(732) 982-4362 View (732) 982-4362
Photo of Jacqueline Durham - Jacqueline Durham, MSW, LCSW, LLC, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jacqueline Durham, MSW, LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
32+ years experience and expertise using evidence based practices we will identify and break down the barriers preventing you from living the life you want. I will teach you how to gain and rebuild your confidence, become stronger, more successful and a self motivating person. With guidance you will blossom and exceed your expectations. My office is a safe, confidential, non-judgmental, comfortable space. You set the pace, the direction and goals; together we will develop a course of action for goal attainment. You will to be heard, supported and encouraged throughout treatment. Session can be held in Spanish. Use Video or phone
32+ years experience and expertise using evidence based practices we will identify and break down the barriers preventing you from living the life you want. I will teach you how to gain and rebuild your confidence, become stronger, more successful and a self motivating person. With guidance you will blossom and exceed your expectations. My office is a safe, confidential, non-judgmental, comfortable space. You set the pace, the direction and goals; together we will develop a course of action for goal attainment. You will to be heard, supported and encouraged throughout treatment. Session can be held in Spanish. Use Video or phone
(732) 372-0921 View (732) 372-0921
Photo of Brian L Burgess, PhD, Psychologist
Brian L Burgess
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Dr. Burgess is a counseling psychologist and the owner of BB Counseling. Dr. Burgess received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Massachusetts. Upon graduation, he went on to receive his Master's Degree and Doctorate in Counseling Psychology from Seton Hall University. Dr. Burgess treats a variety of disorders including but not limited to anxiety, mood disorders, personality disorders, ocd, oppositional defiant disorder, ADHD, anger, chronic pain, marriage counseling, and parental counseling. Treatment also includes psychological evaluations for bariatric surgery, spinal cord stimulators, and long term pain medication.
Dr. Burgess is a counseling psychologist and the owner of BB Counseling. Dr. Burgess received his Bachelor's degree from the University of Massachusetts. Upon graduation, he went on to receive his Master's Degree and Doctorate in Counseling Psychology from Seton Hall University. Dr. Burgess treats a variety of disorders including but not limited to anxiety, mood disorders, personality disorders, ocd, oppositional defiant disorder, ADHD, anger, chronic pain, marriage counseling, and parental counseling. Treatment also includes psychological evaluations for bariatric surgery, spinal cord stimulators, and long term pain medication.
(732) 655-6138 View (732) 655-6138
Photo of Lina Jaramillo, MS, LPC, SAC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lina Jaramillo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, SAC
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I use my knowledge and skills to help you work towards gaining awareness in order to make the changes necessary to reach your personal goals. I provide a safe and supportive therapeutic environment in order for you to feel comfortable as you begin your journey of change and personal growth. I have experience in diverse treatment settings and work with individuals of all ages struggling with issues such as anxiety, mood disorders, substance abuse, grief, self-harm, family issues, and relationships. Contact me today to begin your journey towards change.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I use my knowledge and skills to help you work towards gaining awareness in order to make the changes necessary to reach your personal goals. I provide a safe and supportive therapeutic environment in order for you to feel comfortable as you begin your journey of change and personal growth. I have experience in diverse treatment settings and work with individuals of all ages struggling with issues such as anxiety, mood disorders, substance abuse, grief, self-harm, family issues, and relationships. Contact me today to begin your journey towards change.
(732) 737-6024 View (732) 737-6024
Photo of Jaime Layman Maher, LCSW, LCADC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jaime Layman Maher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Life stresses, transition and underlying issues can present a difficult time for many. Learning to cope and progress in a healthy way can be helped along a great deal with effective counseling. I focus on individualized treatment plans with all clients and families dealing with social issues, anxiety, substance use disorders, mood and personality disorders, depression and life skills. Treatment goals are focused on symptom reduction and positive approaches to long term healthy functioning.
Life stresses, transition and underlying issues can present a difficult time for many. Learning to cope and progress in a healthy way can be helped along a great deal with effective counseling. I focus on individualized treatment plans with all clients and families dealing with social issues, anxiety, substance use disorders, mood and personality disorders, depression and life skills. Treatment goals are focused on symptom reduction and positive approaches to long term healthy functioning.
(908) 386-4596 View (908) 386-4596
Photo of Kristin M Newland, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kristin M Newland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Kristin Newland earned her Masters Degree in Social Work at Rutgers University. She is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20 years experience working with clients ages 10-18, young adults and adults dealing with difficult life transitions, anxiety and depression. Kristin is also a managing partner at Navesink Counseling Associates, overseeing and supervising a team of skilled clinicians.
Kristin Newland earned her Masters Degree in Social Work at Rutgers University. She is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 20 years experience working with clients ages 10-18, young adults and adults dealing with difficult life transitions, anxiety and depression. Kristin is also a managing partner at Navesink Counseling Associates, overseeing and supervising a team of skilled clinicians.
(732) 733-4985 View (732) 733-4985
Photo of Linda Obrien Hochman, PhD, Psychologist
Linda Obrien Hochman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
I have over 20 years experience treating anxiety disorders. My clients describe me as approachable and as having a relaxed interactive style .My goal is to help a client develop throughout their lifetime to be the best person they can possibly be. I try to provide guidance, compassion and understanding as a client faces the many transitions in their life whether it be related to their career, their marriage or their family.
I have over 20 years experience treating anxiety disorders. My clients describe me as approachable and as having a relaxed interactive style .My goal is to help a client develop throughout their lifetime to be the best person they can possibly be. I try to provide guidance, compassion and understanding as a client faces the many transitions in their life whether it be related to their career, their marriage or their family.
(732) 654-0783 View (732) 654-0783
Photo of Jennifer Baker, LPC, RPT, ACS, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jennifer Baker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT, ACS
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? Trauma-focused therapy is an approach that recognizes how trauma can impact what you believe and think, how you behave, handle big emotions, and may cause illness or somatic (body) complaints, from children to adults. It also offers coping skills, evidence-based interventions and strategies to better understand, cope with, and process emotions and memories tied to trauma. The goal is to decrease symptoms, create more choices and be able to handle daily life stressors differently. Want to know more? I have an excellent website with lots of information & resources.
Feeling stuck or overwhelmed? Trauma-focused therapy is an approach that recognizes how trauma can impact what you believe and think, how you behave, handle big emotions, and may cause illness or somatic (body) complaints, from children to adults. It also offers coping skills, evidence-based interventions and strategies to better understand, cope with, and process emotions and memories tied to trauma. The goal is to decrease symptoms, create more choices and be able to handle daily life stressors differently. Want to know more? I have an excellent website with lots of information & resources.
(609) 293-3145 View (609) 293-3145
Photo of Ann Mancuso, PhD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Ann Mancuso
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and New Jersey Certified School Psychologist with over 25 years experience working in a variety of settings. I have a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Seton Hall University. In my practice, I work with children, adolescents, and adults who present with a variety of emotional, social, and behavioral challenges.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and New Jersey Certified School Psychologist with over 25 years experience working in a variety of settings. I have a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Seton Hall University. In my practice, I work with children, adolescents, and adults who present with a variety of emotional, social, and behavioral challenges.
(848) 233-4084 View (848) 233-4084
Photo of Rebecca Guzman, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Guzman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703
Helping clients work towards their goals and obtain a healthier lifestyle by implementing coping skills and understanding the interaction of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
Helping clients work towards their goals and obtain a healthier lifestyle by implementing coping skills and understanding the interaction of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
(732) 607-4107 View (732) 607-4107
Photo of Corinne Reilly, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Corinne Reilly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Corinne Reilly, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in New Jersey. My approach is rooted in treating every individual with utmost respect, dignity, and compassion. With a commitment to facilitating healing and personal growth, I bring experience from various settings including outpatient community and private practice mental health, in-community therapy, and supportive housing for intellectual and developmental disabilities. My goal is to cultivate a safe, non-judgmental space where you feel comfortable sharing even the most challenging aspects of your life.
Hello, I'm Corinne Reilly, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in New Jersey. My approach is rooted in treating every individual with utmost respect, dignity, and compassion. With a commitment to facilitating healing and personal growth, I bring experience from various settings including outpatient community and private practice mental health, in-community therapy, and supportive housing for intellectual and developmental disabilities. My goal is to cultivate a safe, non-judgmental space where you feel comfortable sharing even the most challenging aspects of your life.
(848) 359-5529 View (848) 359-5529
Photo of Jennifer Constanos - Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Red Bank, NJ 07703
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. We believe you're best served by a therapist passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. We believe you're best served by a therapist passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
(848) 420-8058 View (848) 420-8058
Photo of Gabrielle Vitaliano, MSW, LCSW, OSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gabrielle Vitaliano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, OSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
My goal as a clinician is to help clients cope with everyday stressors including anxiety, depression, life transitions, chronic illness, grief, and more. I have a particular interest in helping those who have recently been diagnosed or are living with cancer, and working to support them through that transition. I have extensive experience working in outpatient and hospital settings with individuals facing a cancer diagnosis and their loved ones. I hope to provide all of my clients with a welcoming environment and safe space to explore their emotions and build on their existing skills to feel more in control of their lives.
My goal as a clinician is to help clients cope with everyday stressors including anxiety, depression, life transitions, chronic illness, grief, and more. I have a particular interest in helping those who have recently been diagnosed or are living with cancer, and working to support them through that transition. I have extensive experience working in outpatient and hospital settings with individuals facing a cancer diagnosis and their loved ones. I hope to provide all of my clients with a welcoming environment and safe space to explore their emotions and build on their existing skills to feel more in control of their lives.
(732) 607-4387 View (732) 607-4387
Photo of Erika Regalado, MS, LAMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Erika Regalado
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LAMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Red Bank, NJ 07703  (Online Only)
My name is Erika Regalado and I'm a proud first generation Latin American with a Cuban and Ecuadorian background. I specialize in working with couples, married individuals and families. My passion for working with families in addition to my extensive training has equipped me to work with individuals across the lifespan (children, adolescents, adults and older adults). I use a Narrative and CBT approach when working with clients to best understand how your thoughts and internalized story-telling may be impacting your feelings and behavior while providing practical evidence-based techniques to address targeted goals.
My name is Erika Regalado and I'm a proud first generation Latin American with a Cuban and Ecuadorian background. I specialize in working with couples, married individuals and families. My passion for working with families in addition to my extensive training has equipped me to work with individuals across the lifespan (children, adolescents, adults and older adults). I use a Narrative and CBT approach when working with clients to best understand how your thoughts and internalized story-telling may be impacting your feelings and behavior while providing practical evidence-based techniques to address targeted goals.
(848) 253-6915 View (848) 253-6915

See more therapy options for 07703

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 07703

20+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in 07703 who prioritize treating:

100% Anxiety
95% Relationship Issues
90% Depression
90% Coping Skills
85% Self Esteem
80% Grief
75% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

20 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

93% Aetna
79% Cigna and Evernorth
71% Horizon Blue Cross and Blue Shield

How Therapists in 07703 see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

94% Female
6% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 07703?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.