Photo of Dr. Elizabeth MacGregor, EdD, LPC, CBT , EMDR, ASE, Licensed Professional Counselor
Dr. Elizabeth MacGregor
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC, CBT , EMDR, ASE
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Learning to trust, learning to love others, and learning to receive love yourself and feeling the empowerment of success and confidence in yourself, are the focus of therapy and psychoanalysis with me, at the Montville Counseling Center.
Learning to trust, learning to love others, and learning to receive love yourself and feeling the empowerment of success and confidence in yourself, are the focus of therapy and psychoanalysis with me, at the Montville Counseling Center.
(973) 841-4095 View (973) 841-4095
Photo of Haley Kastner, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Haley Kastner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Haley provides evidence-based therapy for children, teens, and adults. She has had the opportunity to provide care in private practice, school, and medical settings. This array of experiences has fostered her ability to understand clients through a multi-disciplinary lens and draw upon a multitude of evidence-based treatments, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Behavioral Activation, Prevention-Focused Care, Crisis Intervention, Trauma-Focused CBT, and Exposure and Response Prevention. She utilizes these therapies to target anxiety, stress, depression, OCD, trauma, and executive functioning deficits.
Haley provides evidence-based therapy for children, teens, and adults. She has had the opportunity to provide care in private practice, school, and medical settings. This array of experiences has fostered her ability to understand clients through a multi-disciplinary lens and draw upon a multitude of evidence-based treatments, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Behavioral Activation, Prevention-Focused Care, Crisis Intervention, Trauma-Focused CBT, and Exposure and Response Prevention. She utilizes these therapies to target anxiety, stress, depression, OCD, trauma, and executive functioning deficits.
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Photo of Luciann Marie Cooke, LCSW, LCADC, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Luciann Marie Cooke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor in the state of New Jersey treating a range of mental health disorders. (I have a bunch of stuff I specialize in, I'll get into that later). My unique style is what sets me apart from the rest. Clients have told me that I am so different than any other therapist they have ever seen. I will probably be in sweats and you will be greeted by Nelly, my therapy puppy.Food, Drinks, Massage Chair, Fountains, TV, Music, is all in the waiting room to make you feel comfy and more relaxed. I know the 1st time can be scary. We welcome you with open arms.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor in the state of New Jersey treating a range of mental health disorders. (I have a bunch of stuff I specialize in, I'll get into that later). My unique style is what sets me apart from the rest. Clients have told me that I am so different than any other therapist they have ever seen. I will probably be in sweats and you will be greeted by Nelly, my therapy puppy.Food, Drinks, Massage Chair, Fountains, TV, Music, is all in the waiting room to make you feel comfy and more relaxed. I know the 1st time can be scary. We welcome you with open arms.
(973) 434-4270 View (973) 434-4270
Photo of Stephanie Leigh Landwehr, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Leigh Landwehr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Throughout our lives we may be faced with many challenges. These challenges can include both positive and negative experiences, and at times it is difficult to face them alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my goal is to provide guidance, support, and tools to assist individuals in overcoming these challenges. Through counseling you can develop a deeper understanding of yourself and learn how to grow and improve.
Throughout our lives we may be faced with many challenges. These challenges can include both positive and negative experiences, and at times it is difficult to face them alone. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, my goal is to provide guidance, support, and tools to assist individuals in overcoming these challenges. Through counseling you can develop a deeper understanding of yourself and learn how to grow and improve.
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Photo of Jason Duncan, PhD, Psychologist
Jason Duncan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
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Photo of Caitlin Northern, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Caitlin Northern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Caitlin is a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience who is dedicated to help guide you on your journey to healing and personal growth. She specializes in helping children, adults, and families to not only address issues like anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, behavioral problems (child/teen), and autism, but to find their overall path towards happiness and well-being. Her expertise further extends to complex trauma and loss with a deep understanding of attachment-related issues. Her understanding of Child and Family Studies makes her exceptionally well-prepared to address issues at the individual and environmental levels.
Caitlin is a seasoned therapist with over a decade of experience who is dedicated to help guide you on your journey to healing and personal growth. She specializes in helping children, adults, and families to not only address issues like anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, behavioral problems (child/teen), and autism, but to find their overall path towards happiness and well-being. Her expertise further extends to complex trauma and loss with a deep understanding of attachment-related issues. Her understanding of Child and Family Studies makes her exceptionally well-prepared to address issues at the individual and environmental levels.
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Photo of Jennifer A. Logan - Path to Serenity Counseling Services, PsyD, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Path to Serenity Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montville, NJ 07045
Waitlist for new clients
Life can be a challenge! Therapy is a space to explore and examine behavioral patterns, relational dynamics, and therapeutic goals in a supportive, safe, and nurturing atmosphere. Each client comes to therapy with a toolbox. Tools, also known as "coping strategies," are a helping hand to assist during stressful and troubling times. When tools are in your toolbox, the better you can manage the stressors of everyday life and significant life events. As your therapist, I help strengthen your existing tools while adding a few more to your toolbox.
Life can be a challenge! Therapy is a space to explore and examine behavioral patterns, relational dynamics, and therapeutic goals in a supportive, safe, and nurturing atmosphere. Each client comes to therapy with a toolbox. Tools, also known as "coping strategies," are a helping hand to assist during stressful and troubling times. When tools are in your toolbox, the better you can manage the stressors of everyday life and significant life events. As your therapist, I help strengthen your existing tools while adding a few more to your toolbox.
(856) 281-3257 View (856) 281-3257
Photo of Lauren Dobbs, PsyD, Psychologist
Lauren Dobbs
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
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Photo of Lauren Muriello, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Lauren Muriello
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montville, NJ 07045
TEEN ISSUES, CHILDREN ISSUES, COUPLES, FAMILIES & INDIVIDUAL ADULTS. I'm warm and caring, yet direct - so I can help you make the changes you want to make while feeling supported. My clients say I'm easy to talk to, and a positive influence in their lives. I love working with teenagers and children, in addition to couples and families. I look forward to hearing from you and talking about how I can help you and your family.
TEEN ISSUES, CHILDREN ISSUES, COUPLES, FAMILIES & INDIVIDUAL ADULTS. I'm warm and caring, yet direct - so I can help you make the changes you want to make while feeling supported. My clients say I'm easy to talk to, and a positive influence in their lives. I love working with teenagers and children, in addition to couples and families. I look forward to hearing from you and talking about how I can help you and your family.
(973) 794-6888 View (973) 794-6888
Photo of Diane Laks, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Diane Laks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Not accepting new clients
In my 30 years as a psychotherapist, my primary focus has always been on the therapeutic relationship. Our work together will help you to find inner strengths and resources. In a comfortable and supportive atmosphere, you will recognize new ways of thinking and being that will help you to achieve your life goals. There is a uniqueness to each individual's personality and life experiences that connects us to the unique sense of who we are and how we can learn to cope and grow during stressful times.
In my 30 years as a psychotherapist, my primary focus has always been on the therapeutic relationship. Our work together will help you to find inner strengths and resources. In a comfortable and supportive atmosphere, you will recognize new ways of thinking and being that will help you to achieve your life goals. There is a uniqueness to each individual's personality and life experiences that connects us to the unique sense of who we are and how we can learn to cope and grow during stressful times.
(973) 287-4728 View (973) 287-4728
Photo of Luciann Cooke - Counseling & Consulting Services of North Jersey , LPC, LCSW, LCADC, CCS, CCTP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Counseling & Consulting Services of North Jersey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LPC, LCSW, LCADC, CCS, CCTP
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
We offer the highest quality of care providing therapy services for adults, couples, families, and children. CCSNJ s a beautiful and established facility that individualizes ALL our patients.You will have direct access to your therapist and can contact them at any time. Offering both in person and tele-health, you will receive the highest quality of therapy from a fully licensed clinician (no intern or trainee's).Our therapists specialize in Addictions, Trauma, PTSD & EMDR Therapy, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, ADHD, Grief, & Family/Couples counseling. We have an in-house prescriber if you are in need of medications as well.
We offer the highest quality of care providing therapy services for adults, couples, families, and children. CCSNJ s a beautiful and established facility that individualizes ALL our patients.You will have direct access to your therapist and can contact them at any time. Offering both in person and tele-health, you will receive the highest quality of therapy from a fully licensed clinician (no intern or trainee's).Our therapists specialize in Addictions, Trauma, PTSD & EMDR Therapy, Anxiety, Depression, OCD, ADHD, Grief, & Family/Couples counseling. We have an in-house prescriber if you are in need of medications as well.
(973) 434-4270 View (973) 434-4270
Photo of Danielle Slavin, LMSW
Danielle Slavin
Licensed Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Danielle deeply values the privilege of being entrusted with the role of supporting someone as they navigate through their healing journey. She honors the specific needs of each individual and aims to foster an authentic relationship built on trust and collaboration. Danielle’s goal is to provide a supportive foundation that offers strength and courage to clients as they pursue their goals in relationships, family, and life. She has over a decade experience with evidence-based interventions including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Person-Centered Therapy, and mindfulness techniques.
Danielle deeply values the privilege of being entrusted with the role of supporting someone as they navigate through their healing journey. She honors the specific needs of each individual and aims to foster an authentic relationship built on trust and collaboration. Danielle’s goal is to provide a supportive foundation that offers strength and courage to clients as they pursue their goals in relationships, family, and life. She has over a decade experience with evidence-based interventions including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Person-Centered Therapy, and mindfulness techniques.
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Photo of Heather M Praml - Counseling & Academic Services, LLC, MEd, ACS, NCC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Counseling & Academic Services, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, ACS, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Montville, NJ 07045
Is your child grappling with anxiety, impacting the overall well-being of your family? Do you find yourself drained and frustrated while striving to maintain patience and provide assistance? Are you hopeful that someday your child will finally experience a sense of calm? In today's world, children are increasingly feeling stressed, anxious, and overwhelmed. Recognizing these challenges, we know that children and families flourish with support from our seasoned counselors. At Counseling & Academic Services, LLC, we offer child-friendly therapy services designed to support the entire family.
Is your child grappling with anxiety, impacting the overall well-being of your family? Do you find yourself drained and frustrated while striving to maintain patience and provide assistance? Are you hopeful that someday your child will finally experience a sense of calm? In today's world, children are increasingly feeling stressed, anxious, and overwhelmed. Recognizing these challenges, we know that children and families flourish with support from our seasoned counselors. At Counseling & Academic Services, LLC, we offer child-friendly therapy services designed to support the entire family.
(973) 755-3419 View (973) 755-3419
Photo of Samuel Parton, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samuel Parton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Working in schools and foster care settings for years, Sam is an expert in child and adolescent therapy. He utilizes two of the leading therapies, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). With CBT, Sam helps clients change unhelpful thought processes and behavioral patterns and aids clients in bravely facing their fears. While with DBT, he helps clients learn better emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills. He is passionate about building connections and assists clients in finding strengths and skills within themselves to work through any struggles they might be experiencing.
Working in schools and foster care settings for years, Sam is an expert in child and adolescent therapy. He utilizes two of the leading therapies, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). With CBT, Sam helps clients change unhelpful thought processes and behavioral patterns and aids clients in bravely facing their fears. While with DBT, he helps clients learn better emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills. He is passionate about building connections and assists clients in finding strengths and skills within themselves to work through any struggles they might be experiencing.
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Photo of Lisa LaBrunda, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lisa LaBrunda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Contacting a therapist can be a difficult decision to make. You may already be exhausted by whatever life challenge that now leads you to seek help. Please, know that the hardest part will be getting yourself through my door. The hardest part of my job is usually to guide you in taking self judgement out of the equation and replacing it with empathy and patience. Kindness that you likely only reserve for others other than yourself.
Contacting a therapist can be a difficult decision to make. You may already be exhausted by whatever life challenge that now leads you to seek help. Please, know that the hardest part will be getting yourself through my door. The hardest part of my job is usually to guide you in taking self judgement out of the equation and replacing it with empathy and patience. Kindness that you likely only reserve for others other than yourself.
(973) 951-0297 View (973) 951-0297
Photo of Michaela D'Urso, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Christine M. Snyder, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christine M. Snyder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Montville, NJ 07045
You've been feeling disconnected from your job, creative interests, your kids. Your partner tells you that you shut down, but can't find the words to express what you feel. Coping skills you've used before don't seem to work and you want to understand why you keep making the same mistakes or choices over and over again. You're not typically someone who asks for help. It's even hard for you to ask for directions. Having a therapist in your corner can truly be life-changing.
You've been feeling disconnected from your job, creative interests, your kids. Your partner tells you that you shut down, but can't find the words to express what you feel. Coping skills you've used before don't seem to work and you want to understand why you keep making the same mistakes or choices over and over again. You're not typically someone who asks for help. It's even hard for you to ask for directions. Having a therapist in your corner can truly be life-changing.
(862) 217-5200 View (862) 217-5200
Photo of Kathleen B Kolaritsch, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kathleen B Kolaritsch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
With over 25 years of clinical experience I have been successful in partnering with my clients to attain their goals. They report feeling accepted and understood and leave therapy feeling confident and empowered with tools to better navigate life's challenges. I work with individuals and families in a supportive environment to help support change and healing.
With over 25 years of clinical experience I have been successful in partnering with my clients to attain their goals. They report feeling accepted and understood and leave therapy feeling confident and empowered with tools to better navigate life's challenges. I work with individuals and families in a supportive environment to help support change and healing.
(201) 809-9273 View (201) 809-9273
Photo of Karol Espejo, LCSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karol Espejo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
Therapy is a process that allows for healing through introspection and meaningful connection. Whether you are facing a new challenge in your life or trying to make sense of past events, I help my clients learn they do not have to navigate this alone. I approach therapy as a cooperative partnership.
Therapy is a process that allows for healing through introspection and meaningful connection. Whether you are facing a new challenge in your life or trying to make sense of past events, I help my clients learn they do not have to navigate this alone. I approach therapy as a cooperative partnership.
(240) 512-8858 View (240) 512-8858
Photo of Ranjana Hari, PsyD, NCSP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ranjana Hari
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Montville, NJ 07045
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
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See more therapy options for 07045

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 07045

60+

Average cost per session

$190

Therapists in 07045 who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
91% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
74% Grief
73% Self Esteem
65% Parenting
65% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
65% Cigna and Evernorth
54% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in 07045 see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 07045?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.