Photo of Michaela D'Urso, MS, Pre-Licensed Professional
Michaela D'Urso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
Michaela is a passionate Cognitive Behavioral therapist (which is the most effective, researched, and validated therapy to date). She will work with you to identify and change overly negative thinking and unhelpful behaviors that interfere with your mood, reaching your goals, or hampering interpersonal relationships. She works with those struggling with depression, anxiety, worry, phobias, stress, body image issues, performance anxiety, defiant behavior in children, relationship struggles, and work/school issues.
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Photo of Marilyn S. Feinstein, ACC, LCSW, MFA, USPTA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Marilyn S. Feinstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, ACC, LCSW, MFA, USPTA
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I'm a Clinical Psychotherapist with a subspecialty in Stress Management/Bypass - While others can help you manage performance anxiety (e.g. public speaking), I can help you ditch the anxiety altogether, so you can show up at your best when it really counts :) As an Inner Game Coach, I help athletes of all sports play as well, if not better when competing than when practicing. I help clients improve their work/life balance; those with test anxiety learn how to easily pass their licensure exams; and help clients improve their personal life (relationships; resilience; move beyond procrastination, fear of failure; fear of success).
I'm a Clinical Psychotherapist with a subspecialty in Stress Management/Bypass - While others can help you manage performance anxiety (e.g. public speaking), I can help you ditch the anxiety altogether, so you can show up at your best when it really counts :) As an Inner Game Coach, I help athletes of all sports play as well, if not better when competing than when practicing. I help clients improve their work/life balance; those with test anxiety learn how to easily pass their licensure exams; and help clients improve their personal life (relationships; resilience; move beyond procrastination, fear of failure; fear of success).
(475) 255-6177 View (475) 255-6177
Photo of Samuel Parton, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Samuel Parton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
Working in schools and foster care settings for years, Sam is an expert in child and adolescent therapy. He utilizes two of the leading therapies, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). With CBT, Sam helps clients change unhelpful thought processes and behavioral patterns and aids clients in bravely facing their fears. While with DBT, he helps clients learn better emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills. He is passionate about building connections and assists clients in finding strengths and skills within themselves to work through any struggles they might be experiencing.
Working in schools and foster care settings for years, Sam is an expert in child and adolescent therapy. He utilizes two of the leading therapies, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT). With CBT, Sam helps clients change unhelpful thought processes and behavioral patterns and aids clients in bravely facing their fears. While with DBT, he helps clients learn better emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and interpersonal skills. He is passionate about building connections and assists clients in finding strengths and skills within themselves to work through any struggles they might be experiencing.
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Photo of Marianne Cardillo, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Marianne Cardillo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
"Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much." -Helen Keller---- Working together to find solutions that best work for you is one of the most important parts of the way I practice. You are the expert of your life, your wants, and your needs. I am here to collaborate and work with you in figuring out how to achieve what you want out of life, and understand how to navigate around whatever may be standing in the way of getting there. I take pride in being genuine in my practice & offering my empathy & eagerness to support you in achieving your personal goals.
"Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much." -Helen Keller---- Working together to find solutions that best work for you is one of the most important parts of the way I practice. You are the expert of your life, your wants, and your needs. I am here to collaborate and work with you in figuring out how to achieve what you want out of life, and understand how to navigate around whatever may be standing in the way of getting there. I take pride in being genuine in my practice & offering my empathy & eagerness to support you in achieving your personal goals.
(475) 222-1350 View (475) 222-1350
Photo of Lauren Dobbs, PsyD, Psychologist
Lauren Dobbs
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stamford, CT 06903
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
Dr. Dobbs is an accomplished clinical psychologist with over fifteen years of experience between teaching and clinical work. She specializes in working with children, teens, and adults and has worked across various settings, including private practice, school, residential, and community mental health. Her therapeutic approach is rooted in the gold standard of treatment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which provides faster, more effective results. With children and teens, she goes beyond the traditional confines of therapy by harnessing their natural creativity, integrating art, music, games, journaling, and other creative outlets.
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Photo of Christine Peters, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christine Peters
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
Christine has over 10 years of therapy experience, utilizing Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, and other approaches. She received her degree from New York University and is also a Board Certified Behavior Analyst. She has experience working with children, adolescents, and adults for a variety of issues. These include depression, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety, phobias, panic, anger, stress, insomnia, ADHD, autism, developmental delays, and work/home/school issues.
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Photo of Helene Connelly, MA
Helene Connelly
MA
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
I am here to help you live your best life. When things in life have been getting you down, or when the choices that you’ve made haven’t taken you where you want to go, perhaps you feel stuck or out of balance, and you need a new perspective with someone to help you determine, plan, and map out the steps to create your vision. I will help you define your goal, break down the steps to achieve it, and support you on your journey. We will work together, building on your strengths and working through your challenges. I will help you bring peace and focus to your process, build momentum, and find success.
I am here to help you live your best life. When things in life have been getting you down, or when the choices that you’ve made haven’t taken you where you want to go, perhaps you feel stuck or out of balance, and you need a new perspective with someone to help you determine, plan, and map out the steps to create your vision. I will help you define your goal, break down the steps to achieve it, and support you on your journey. We will work together, building on your strengths and working through your challenges. I will help you bring peace and focus to your process, build momentum, and find success.
(475) 471-1410 View (475) 471-1410
Photo of Sven E Erlandson - Badass Counseling®, MDiv, BA
Badass Counseling®
MDiv, BA
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
The former psychologist of a client stated, "Sven accomplished more with you in 5 weeks than I did in 8 years!" Specializing in the most intense people: C-suite/business owners; Olympians; men who hate therapy; highly successful women who are empty inside; struggling couples (infidelity); people who've had no success w/ other therapists; unmotivated young people; highly successful yet unfulfilled ppl; those not living max potential. Former SERE-trained military, Emergency Room Chaplain & NCAA Head Coach for Strength; w/ 25yr highly successful counseling practice. This is high-intensity, RESULTS-DRIVEN. Spiritual elements.
The former psychologist of a client stated, "Sven accomplished more with you in 5 weeks than I did in 8 years!" Specializing in the most intense people: C-suite/business owners; Olympians; men who hate therapy; highly successful women who are empty inside; struggling couples (infidelity); people who've had no success w/ other therapists; unmotivated young people; highly successful yet unfulfilled ppl; those not living max potential. Former SERE-trained military, Emergency Room Chaplain & NCAA Head Coach for Strength; w/ 25yr highly successful counseling practice. This is high-intensity, RESULTS-DRIVEN. Spiritual elements.
(203) 902-5026 View (203) 902-5026
Photo of Kelly Marino, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kelly Marino
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
I generally work with adolescents and adults. I have a genuine interest in the world as you understand it. I do not believe in just pathologizing my clients, but rather highlighting their strengths and finding solutions to challenges that they are facing. I strongly believe in therapy and its cumulative effect on the life course and how it can improve your relationships and help find pleasure in life. I have been described as a warm and down to earth person who is a great listener and kind supporter. My style is comforting and empathetic.
I generally work with adolescents and adults. I have a genuine interest in the world as you understand it. I do not believe in just pathologizing my clients, but rather highlighting their strengths and finding solutions to challenges that they are facing. I strongly believe in therapy and its cumulative effect on the life course and how it can improve your relationships and help find pleasure in life. I have been described as a warm and down to earth person who is a great listener and kind supporter. My style is comforting and empathetic.
(475) 250-2217 View (475) 250-2217
Photo of Carol Nicholson, LCSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Carol Nicholson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
I am a Clinical Social Worker providing guidance and support for individuals and couples. A comfortable, safe environment is offered where you can work on your issues and grow from the experience. Learning more about yourself or your partner is rewarding and invaluable.
I am a Clinical Social Worker providing guidance and support for individuals and couples. A comfortable, safe environment is offered where you can work on your issues and grow from the experience. Learning more about yourself or your partner is rewarding and invaluable.
(203) 692-4437 View (203) 692-4437
Photo of Ronald Lawrence, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ronald Lawrence
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I work collaboratively with my patients to explore the ways in which their past experiences have shaped their current relationships, both with themselves and with others. In therapy, we will pay close attention to the dynamics of our own relationship, as well as to patterns of behavior and communication that may be holding you back in other areas of your life. By developing greater self-awareness and insight into these patterns, you can begin to break free of old patterns and forge more meaningful and fulfilling connections with others.
I work collaboratively with my patients to explore the ways in which their past experiences have shaped their current relationships, both with themselves and with others. In therapy, we will pay close attention to the dynamics of our own relationship, as well as to patterns of behavior and communication that may be holding you back in other areas of your life. By developing greater self-awareness and insight into these patterns, you can begin to break free of old patterns and forge more meaningful and fulfilling connections with others.
(203) 941-4772 View (203) 941-4772
Photo of Jason Duncan, PhD, Psychologist
Jason Duncan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
I am a psychologist providing therapy and assessment services for children through adults. I have extensive clinical experience and am an expert Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. I’ve been trained by top therapy institutes, am a board member for well accomplished CBT organizations, and run the official podcast for the national CBT organization. I strive to regularly advance my knowledge and provide leading scientific treatments. I specialize in the treatment of anxiety, depression, panic, OCD, trauma, stress, insomnia, ADHD, defiance, and work/school issues. Many of my clients lead busy lives; therefore, I offer evening appointments.
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Photo of David Leslie Moses, MA, CADAC, 450007, Drug & Alcohol Counselor
David Leslie Moses
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, CADAC, 450007
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I am a licensed drug and alcohol counselor and I have worked in various treatment settings. Underneath the pain of substances use lie the real issue that I invite you to work through. I have done so. I am also a candidate for a masters degree in social work. I have raised four children. A safe sacred space is essential for doing this work. It is most liberating.
I am a licensed drug and alcohol counselor and I have worked in various treatment settings. Underneath the pain of substances use lie the real issue that I invite you to work through. I have done so. I am also a candidate for a masters degree in social work. I have raised four children. A safe sacred space is essential for doing this work. It is most liberating.
(203) 439-5962 View (203) 439-5962
Photo of Clorinda Bulfamante, PsyD, Psychologist
Clorinda Bulfamante
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
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Photo of Lynn M. Sussman - Lynn M. Sussman PhD LLC, PhD, LLC, Psychologist
Lynn M. Sussman PhD LLC
Psychologist, PhD, LLC
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
At times it can be helpful to speak to someone other than a friend or family member. That's where I can help. As a licensed psychologist with 20 years experience and certified psychoanalyst I am trained to listen without judgement. Together we will explore your immediate concerns and past experiences. We will identify thoughts and feelings that may be leading to negative consequences, and work to remove roadblocks. You may wish to address a situation at hand or work towards change that is more long standing. Whether struggling in a relationship, grieving a loss, feeling stuck--speaking to a psychotherapist can offer hope.
At times it can be helpful to speak to someone other than a friend or family member. That's where I can help. As a licensed psychologist with 20 years experience and certified psychoanalyst I am trained to listen without judgement. Together we will explore your immediate concerns and past experiences. We will identify thoughts and feelings that may be leading to negative consequences, and work to remove roadblocks. You may wish to address a situation at hand or work towards change that is more long standing. Whether struggling in a relationship, grieving a loss, feeling stuck--speaking to a psychotherapist can offer hope.
(203) 802-6229 View (203) 802-6229
Photo of Haley Kastner, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Haley Kastner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
Haley provides evidence-based therapy for children, teens, and adults. She has had the opportunity to provide care in private practice, school, and medical settings. This array of experiences has fostered her ability to understand clients through a multi-disciplinary lens and draw upon a multitude of evidence-based treatments, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Behavioral Activation, Prevention-Focused Care, Crisis Intervention, Trauma-Focused CBT, and Exposure and Response Prevention. She utilizes these therapies to target anxiety, stress, depression, OCD, trauma, and executive functioning deficits.
Haley provides evidence-based therapy for children, teens, and adults. She has had the opportunity to provide care in private practice, school, and medical settings. This array of experiences has fostered her ability to understand clients through a multi-disciplinary lens and draw upon a multitude of evidence-based treatments, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Behavioral Activation, Prevention-Focused Care, Crisis Intervention, Trauma-Focused CBT, and Exposure and Response Prevention. She utilizes these therapies to target anxiety, stress, depression, OCD, trauma, and executive functioning deficits.
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Photo of Kimberly Jane Lake, MSN, FNP-BC
Kimberly Jane Lake
MSN, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I am a board-certified Family Nurse Practitioner with extensive experience in general psychiatry and substance use disorders. I provide medication management for individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and many other common mental health concerns. While medications can help you tremendously, I am a firm believer that non-pharmacological interventions have a powerful impact on our mental health. At your first visit we will discuss medical history, sleep, diet, relationships, work, etc so I may gain a holistic view of your compete life.
I am a board-certified Family Nurse Practitioner with extensive experience in general psychiatry and substance use disorders. I provide medication management for individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder and many other common mental health concerns. While medications can help you tremendously, I am a firm believer that non-pharmacological interventions have a powerful impact on our mental health. At your first visit we will discuss medical history, sleep, diet, relationships, work, etc so I may gain a holistic view of your compete life.
(203) 872-5292 View (203) 872-5292
Photo of Ranjana Hari, PsyD, NCSP, Pre-Licensed Professional
Ranjana Hari
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with an extensive and diverse background, spanning private practice, schools, college clinics, foster care, and hospitals, including acute care. With a passion for treating individuals of all ages, I specialize in harnessing the power of evidence-based therapies to create long-lasting positive change, focusing on the core of issues, rather than surface change. I take pride in fostering a safe, warm, and compassionate environment that embraces the unique perspectives of clients from diverse backgrounds. Even the most resistant patients find themselves engaged in the therapeutic process under my care.
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Nancy L Bronson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Stamford, CT 06903  (Online Only)
Following fellowships at Yale University and the Yale School of Medicine, I served as Director of Psychology at Silver Hill Hospital in New Canaan, CT and have been in private practice in New Canaan, Greenwich and currently Stamford, CT for over 30 years. Also offering private individual and group supervision. Happy to answer any questions you may have.
Following fellowships at Yale University and the Yale School of Medicine, I served as Director of Psychology at Silver Hill Hospital in New Canaan, CT and have been in private practice in New Canaan, Greenwich and currently Stamford, CT for over 30 years. Also offering private individual and group supervision. Happy to answer any questions you may have.
(203) 433-0691 x203554 View (203) 433-0691 x203554
Photo of Janice G Leiper, LCSW, ACSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Janice G Leiper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, ACSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Stamford, CT 06903
I work with adults both individually and as couples, encompassing a range of mental health issues. I specialize in relationship counseling whether you're just getting into one, want to enhance your marriage/relationship with new skills and insight, aren't sure if you are leaning in or out of your relationship or have filed for divorce. We get hurt in relationship and we heal in relationship. Let me help you get on the path of healing. It need not take years of therapy to become conscious of what's going on and what you long for.
I work with adults both individually and as couples, encompassing a range of mental health issues. I specialize in relationship counseling whether you're just getting into one, want to enhance your marriage/relationship with new skills and insight, aren't sure if you are leaning in or out of your relationship or have filed for divorce. We get hurt in relationship and we heal in relationship. Let me help you get on the path of healing. It need not take years of therapy to become conscious of what's going on and what you long for.
(203) 318-4992 View (203) 318-4992
1

See more therapy options for 06903

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 06903

70+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in 06903 who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
72% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
68% Family Conflict
64% Stress

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
75% Cigna and Evernorth
69% Oxford

How Therapists in 06903 see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
24% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 06903?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.