Photo of Daphne S. McCampbell, PhD, Psychologist
Daphne S. McCampbell
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
I have been in private practice for eleven years and work with adults of all ages (18-100+). I approach therapy from a psychodynamic/psychoanalytic perspective and an IFS (Internal Family Systems/"parts" based) informed lens. I also integrate mindfulness based approaches. Therapy involves working in a safe environment to develop greater self awareness and insight into one's relationships with oneself and others, one's identity, and one's purpose in life. Through an understanding of one's internal conflicts and relationship with their "parts", one can approach life from a place of more self leadership and self compassion.
I have been in private practice for eleven years and work with adults of all ages (18-100+). I approach therapy from a psychodynamic/psychoanalytic perspective and an IFS (Internal Family Systems/"parts" based) informed lens. I also integrate mindfulness based approaches. Therapy involves working in a safe environment to develop greater self awareness and insight into one's relationships with oneself and others, one's identity, and one's purpose in life. Through an understanding of one's internal conflicts and relationship with their "parts", one can approach life from a place of more self leadership and self compassion.
(802) 471-2863 View (802) 471-2863
Photo of Wendy E. Baxter, LCMHC, ATR-BC, Counselor
Wendy E. Baxter
Counselor, LCMHC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norwich, VT 05055  (Online Only)
Cairn Counseling: We are all on a journey. Sometimes you can feel like you’ve hit a dead end or are at a crossroad unsure how to move forward. Cairns mark the trail just as therapy can help you find your path to inner wisdom, growth, and peace. Our task together is to develop the skills needed to navigate the terrain and weather the storms as we also discover joy in the moments along the way.
Cairn Counseling: We are all on a journey. Sometimes you can feel like you’ve hit a dead end or are at a crossroad unsure how to move forward. Cairns mark the trail just as therapy can help you find your path to inner wisdom, growth, and peace. Our task together is to develop the skills needed to navigate the terrain and weather the storms as we also discover joy in the moments along the way.
(802) 327-8278 View (802) 327-8278
Photo of Nick Doolittle, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nick Doolittle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is about healing. It's about bringing careful attention to emotional wounds (both old and new) and working with the difficult mental/emotional patterns that interfere with our ability to be healthy and happy. In my practice, I create a client-centered, safe, and confidential environment that makes this work both possible and rewarding. I participate fully in the client's process, holding the space that can allow healing to occur. Most would describe my style as interactive and relational. Depending on the client and presenting need, my treatment modality ranges between Cognitive-Behavioral, mindfulness-based, and psychodynamic.
Therapy is about healing. It's about bringing careful attention to emotional wounds (both old and new) and working with the difficult mental/emotional patterns that interfere with our ability to be healthy and happy. In my practice, I create a client-centered, safe, and confidential environment that makes this work both possible and rewarding. I participate fully in the client's process, holding the space that can allow healing to occur. Most would describe my style as interactive and relational. Depending on the client and presenting need, my treatment modality ranges between Cognitive-Behavioral, mindfulness-based, and psychodynamic.
(724) 987-5643 View (724) 987-5643
Photo of Hetty Thomae, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Hetty Thomae
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Not accepting new clients
Children are often puzzling, but when they behave in unexpected ways they are telling us something important. Students who are struggling in school need a system of support to help them succeed. When families, schools, and medical practitioners all work together, the 'picture' starts to emerge. My experience as a family therapist and a school counselor gives me insight into what they are trying to tell us and how their systems can work together to support them. My studies in School Psychology help me to assess issues and write positive behavior support plans.
Children are often puzzling, but when they behave in unexpected ways they are telling us something important. Students who are struggling in school need a system of support to help them succeed. When families, schools, and medical practitioners all work together, the 'picture' starts to emerge. My experience as a family therapist and a school counselor gives me insight into what they are trying to tell us and how their systems can work together to support them. My studies in School Psychology help me to assess issues and write positive behavior support plans.
(802) 275-4495 View (802) 275-4495
Photo of Alicia Green, MA, CMHC, Pre-Licensed Professional
Alicia Green
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CMHC
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055  (Online Only)
Accepting new tele-health clients. My goal is to help clients clarify what they want, what gets in the way, and how to move forward. I specialize in helping people navigate life transitions—loss of a loved one, empty nest, divorce, career change, a move, or figuring out "what's next." I have a special interest in working with people in creative lines of work. I also work with people experiencing symptoms of grief and depression (which can sometime accompany a new stage of life). As a mental health counselor, life & career coach, and therapeutic yoga teacher, I draw from a range of techniques to match the needs of each client.
Accepting new tele-health clients. My goal is to help clients clarify what they want, what gets in the way, and how to move forward. I specialize in helping people navigate life transitions—loss of a loved one, empty nest, divorce, career change, a move, or figuring out "what's next." I have a special interest in working with people in creative lines of work. I also work with people experiencing symptoms of grief and depression (which can sometime accompany a new stage of life). As a mental health counselor, life & career coach, and therapeutic yoga teacher, I draw from a range of techniques to match the needs of each client.
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Photo of Nicole Maresca, LCMHC, Counselor
Nicole Maresca
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Welcome. I believe that seeking therapy is a sign of strength and that it takes courage to reach out for support. Whether you are struggling with specific issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship difficulties, or you are striving for personal growth, my goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where you feel truly heard and validated. Though we each have unique experiences and circumstances, it’s important to know that you are not alone. I am here to offer a compassionate and empathetic environment to help you navigate challenges, gain personal insight, and work towards meaningful growth and healing.
Welcome. I believe that seeking therapy is a sign of strength and that it takes courage to reach out for support. Whether you are struggling with specific issues like anxiety, depression, trauma, or relationship difficulties, or you are striving for personal growth, my goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where you feel truly heard and validated. Though we each have unique experiences and circumstances, it’s important to know that you are not alone. I am here to offer a compassionate and empathetic environment to help you navigate challenges, gain personal insight, and work towards meaningful growth and healing.
(802) 454-3319 View (802) 454-3319
Photo of Kathy Briand, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Kathy Briand
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Norwich, VT 05055
I support adults feeling overwhelmed by the stress of day to day life, particularly through moments when it feels insurmountable. Everyone deserves space to process all they’re going through and I offer one where you can feel supported and heard, free from judgment. I work with individuals facing a range of challenges including anxiety, life transitions, managing challenging family relationships, and developing healthy boundaries, to name a few. We work together to uncover patterns and behaviors that leave you feeling stuck and find the moments when unkind thoughts and beliefs have taken the place of self-compassion.
I support adults feeling overwhelmed by the stress of day to day life, particularly through moments when it feels insurmountable. Everyone deserves space to process all they’re going through and I offer one where you can feel supported and heard, free from judgment. I work with individuals facing a range of challenges including anxiety, life transitions, managing challenging family relationships, and developing healthy boundaries, to name a few. We work together to uncover patterns and behaviors that leave you feeling stuck and find the moments when unkind thoughts and beliefs have taken the place of self-compassion.
(802) 234-1532 View (802) 234-1532
Photo of Brita S. Reed Lucey, PsyD, MD, MTS, Psychologist
Brita S. Reed Lucey
Psychologist, PsyD, MD, MTS
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
For over 35 years, as both a fertility psychologist and OB/GYN with a strong interest in infertility, I have loved helping people on their fertility journey. Are you on a fertility journey? Have you experienced obstacles along the way? Perhaps nothing is as disempowering as struggling with fertility. For many of us, issues with fertility mark the first time that we've wanted our bodies to do something that they seem not capable of doing. Challenges with fertility are traumatic experiences. Is it any wonder why we may be struggling?
For over 35 years, as both a fertility psychologist and OB/GYN with a strong interest in infertility, I have loved helping people on their fertility journey. Are you on a fertility journey? Have you experienced obstacles along the way? Perhaps nothing is as disempowering as struggling with fertility. For many of us, issues with fertility mark the first time that we've wanted our bodies to do something that they seem not capable of doing. Challenges with fertility are traumatic experiences. Is it any wonder why we may be struggling?
(802) 520-1034 View (802) 520-1034
Photo of Victoria Brooks, MSW, LICSW-S, APA, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Victoria Brooks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW-S, APA
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055  (Online Only)
I approach clients with a collaborative, strengths-based focus & direct style, informed by my training and experience working with individuals and families in the field of mental health for over 30 years. I help people identify stuck patterns and appreciate areas of personal resilience. We will work together to find insight, new learning and successful strategies to help you move in your desired direction. We will cultivate skills that allow you to approach and tolerate painful emotions and as a result decrease daily suffering. You will experience increased clarity of mind and cultivate more happiness & joy. LGBTQIA+ specialization.
I approach clients with a collaborative, strengths-based focus & direct style, informed by my training and experience working with individuals and families in the field of mental health for over 30 years. I help people identify stuck patterns and appreciate areas of personal resilience. We will work together to find insight, new learning and successful strategies to help you move in your desired direction. We will cultivate skills that allow you to approach and tolerate painful emotions and as a result decrease daily suffering. You will experience increased clarity of mind and cultivate more happiness & joy. LGBTQIA+ specialization.
(802) 327-7608 View (802) 327-7608
Photo of Ann Kraybill, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ann Kraybill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Not accepting new clients
I work with adults using a psychoanalytic perspective to explore internal conflicts, examine relationship patterns, and increase self-awareness and insight. I specialize in intensive long-term psychotherapy, as I find that meeting more than once a week is helpful for many clients. I also provide clinical supervision to mental health professionals and trainees. I am licensed in VT and NH and offer meetings either in person or via telehealth.
I work with adults using a psychoanalytic perspective to explore internal conflicts, examine relationship patterns, and increase self-awareness and insight. I specialize in intensive long-term psychotherapy, as I find that meeting more than once a week is helpful for many clients. I also provide clinical supervision to mental health professionals and trainees. I am licensed in VT and NH and offer meetings either in person or via telehealth.
(802) 526-2348 View (802) 526-2348
Photo of Ruth C Kenrick - Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D., MA, LICSW, BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Ruth Kenrick, M.A., L.I.C.S.W., B.C.D.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LICSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055  (Online Only)
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have thirty years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
An effective, compassionate therapist helps you connect to your own wisdom and harness the energy to thrive. Though life can be hard sometimes, extreme suffering need not persist. I will help you escape stuck patterns or traumas that stop you from enjoying life and doing what matters most to you. It's common to have to rediscover, or even learn for the first time, how to live well. During difficult times, we may just need a little assistance. I have thirty years of experience supporting clients as they eliminate obstacles, reach cherished goals & attain enduring satisfaction.
(802) 466-4198 View (802) 466-4198
Photo of Molly Bowen - The Family Place, MFT, Pre-Licensed Professional
The Family Place
Pre-Licensed Professional, MFT
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Are you a caregiver seeking therapy to process you or your child's trauma? A pregnant or postpartum parent looking for support? A parenting couple feeling disconnected from your partner? A grandparent caring for your grandchild? These are common reasons that families seek therapy at The Family Place. Our therapists provide trauma-informed and strengths-based counseling for children, teens, and caregivers/parents throughout the Upper Valley of VT and NH. We also provide couples counseling to partners raising children. Our team is: Tonya McMurray, LCMHC & Clinical Supervisor, Erin Swasey, LICSW, and Molly Bowen, MFT.
Are you a caregiver seeking therapy to process you or your child's trauma? A pregnant or postpartum parent looking for support? A parenting couple feeling disconnected from your partner? A grandparent caring for your grandchild? These are common reasons that families seek therapy at The Family Place. Our therapists provide trauma-informed and strengths-based counseling for children, teens, and caregivers/parents throughout the Upper Valley of VT and NH. We also provide couples counseling to partners raising children. Our team is: Tonya McMurray, LCMHC & Clinical Supervisor, Erin Swasey, LICSW, and Molly Bowen, MFT.
(802) 644-3288 View (802) 644-3288
Photo of Gloria Zahka, LCMHC, Counselor
Gloria Zahka
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055  (Online Only)
Cultivating Compassion-Nurturing Resilience-Encouraging Creativity
Cultivating Compassion-Nurturing Resilience-Encouraging Creativity
(802) 870-3060 View (802) 870-3060
Photo of Vicky Fish, LICSW, MPH, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Vicky Fish
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MPH
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Norwich, VT 05055
Currently not accepting new clients (updated Sept 2024) What gets in the way of you achieving your goals or of feeling a sense of joy? How do you want this day to unfold? My goal is to create a safe space to work together to uncover your strengths. I believe that you already have what you need inside of you. I am a warm and compassionate listener. I will work collaboratively with you, using evidenced based and creative strategies.
Currently not accepting new clients (updated Sept 2024) What gets in the way of you achieving your goals or of feeling a sense of joy? How do you want this day to unfold? My goal is to create a safe space to work together to uncover your strengths. I believe that you already have what you need inside of you. I am a warm and compassionate listener. I will work collaboratively with you, using evidenced based and creative strategies.
(833) 731-0154 View (833) 731-0154
Photo of Todd Maxfield, MA, LCMHC, Counselor
Todd Maxfield
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
My clinical experience includes assessment and therapy services to adults, young adults, adolescents and families with over 15 years in experience in the field in various environments. I want to be sure that therapy can be approachable and useful for everyone, adapting to the needs of the person, while having a grounding in cognitive-behavioral approaches.
My clinical experience includes assessment and therapy services to adults, young adults, adolescents and families with over 15 years in experience in the field in various environments. I want to be sure that therapy can be approachable and useful for everyone, adapting to the needs of the person, while having a grounding in cognitive-behavioral approaches.
(603) 810-8638 View (603) 810-8638
Photo of Nancy Forsythe Harrington - Nancy Forsythe Harrington, M.Ed., LICSW, MEd, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Nancy Forsythe Harrington, M.Ed., LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MEd, LICSW
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Deciding to work with a therapist is an important step. Finding the right therapist can be challenging. My style is one of openness and curiosity, bringing the most current theories and perspectives in psychotherapy to my work with couples and individuals. Continually learning from the explosion of knowledge happening in the world of the body, emotions, and brain, I teach my patients about how the brain works to regulate their emotions. I've trained extensively throughout the past 30 years to incorporate highly effective therapy methods into my clinical practice (described below).
Deciding to work with a therapist is an important step. Finding the right therapist can be challenging. My style is one of openness and curiosity, bringing the most current theories and perspectives in psychotherapy to my work with couples and individuals. Continually learning from the explosion of knowledge happening in the world of the body, emotions, and brain, I teach my patients about how the brain works to regulate their emotions. I've trained extensively throughout the past 30 years to incorporate highly effective therapy methods into my clinical practice (described below).
(802) 553-3809 View (802) 553-3809
Photo of Pamela Kneisel, PhD, Psychologist
Pamela Kneisel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
I strive to have clients feel safe and accepted while exploring the difficult issues that bring them to my office. I help some people pursue a deeper understanding of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that interfere with their living a full and vibrant life. With others we develop strategies designed to address particular issues or change specific challenging behaviors. Much of my work explores connections between early life experiences and current functioning. Specific issues such as anxiety, trauma, or loss have unique strategies that are effective and they are introduced as needed.
I strive to have clients feel safe and accepted while exploring the difficult issues that bring them to my office. I help some people pursue a deeper understanding of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that interfere with their living a full and vibrant life. With others we develop strategies designed to address particular issues or change specific challenging behaviors. Much of my work explores connections between early life experiences and current functioning. Specific issues such as anxiety, trauma, or loss have unique strategies that are effective and they are introduced as needed.
(603) 605-0945 View (603) 605-0945
Photo of Ashley Doolittle, PhD, Registered Psychotherapist
Ashley Doolittle
Registered Psychotherapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Waitlist for new clients
For over a decade, I’ve worked with individuals in some form of transition or major life change, often with trauma histories not too far below the surface. In each situation, I’ve found the most transformational interactions to be those rooted in both insight and somatic practices so it is a gift to craft a professional life at that precise intersection. Guided by genuine care and warmth, I support clients in gently attuning to the “data” stored in their body as a springboard to better understand, and compassionately respond to, core needs of safety, ease, worth, and authentic connection (with both self and others).
For over a decade, I’ve worked with individuals in some form of transition or major life change, often with trauma histories not too far below the surface. In each situation, I’ve found the most transformational interactions to be those rooted in both insight and somatic practices so it is a gift to craft a professional life at that precise intersection. Guided by genuine care and warmth, I support clients in gently attuning to the “data” stored in their body as a springboard to better understand, and compassionately respond to, core needs of safety, ease, worth, and authentic connection (with both self and others).
(802) 317-7975 View (802) 317-7975
Photo of Eleanor Lowenthal, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Eleanor Lowenthal
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Not accepting new clients
I work with couples and individuals to identify patterns of behavior that negatively impact their ability to function as the best versions of themselves. I use an existential focus to help clients navigate life changes, beginning with entering adolescence and progressing to moving away from home, marriage and relationship, birth of a child and loss or death of a loved one. I engage with my clients compassionately and collaboratively.
I work with couples and individuals to identify patterns of behavior that negatively impact their ability to function as the best versions of themselves. I use an existential focus to help clients navigate life changes, beginning with entering adolescence and progressing to moving away from home, marriage and relationship, birth of a child and loss or death of a loved one. I engage with my clients compassionately and collaboratively.
(802) 490-1535 View (802) 490-1535
Photo of Hilary A Lynch, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Hilary A Lynch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Norwich, VT 05055
Often we come into the therapy relationship in pain, confused, and overwhelmed. I strive to create a safe, supportive, environment that focuses on easing the pain while developing greater self-awareness. I have a psychoanalytic perspective that provides the space to explore repetitive patterns, inner conflicts, and past experiences and relationships. In addition, I provide skills-based therapy for additional support. I mainly provide long-term therapy and often meet with clients multiple times a week as many clients find this useful.
Often we come into the therapy relationship in pain, confused, and overwhelmed. I strive to create a safe, supportive, environment that focuses on easing the pain while developing greater self-awareness. I have a psychoanalytic perspective that provides the space to explore repetitive patterns, inner conflicts, and past experiences and relationships. In addition, I provide skills-based therapy for additional support. I mainly provide long-term therapy and often meet with clients multiple times a week as many clients find this useful.
(802) 858-4290 View (802) 858-4290
1

See more therapy options for 05055

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 05055

60+

Average cost per session

$157

Therapists in 05055 who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
87% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Coping Skills
72% Self Esteem
65% Grief

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

62% BlueCross and BlueShield
50% Other
41% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in 05055 see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

88% Female
11% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 05055?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.