Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Psychiatrists in Smyrna, TN

Photo of Crystal Kirby, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Crystal Kirby
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Smyrna, TN 37167
Specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, OCD, mood swings, bipolar disorder, ADHD, substance use, sleep issues and trauma/PTSD.
Welcoming new patients in-person or thru telemedicine; commercial insurance accepted. Crystal offers medication management for mental health, with her aim to help you to thrive at your best! Are you in need of evaluation and medication management from someone who will listen carefully to your concerns? Crystal incorporates a holistic approach that encompasses your unique physical and mental health needs. You can conveniently book an appointment and typically be seen within two weeks. Telemedicine appointments are also offered for flexibility!
Specializing in the treatment of anxiety, depression, OCD, mood swings, bipolar disorder, ADHD, substance use, sleep issues and trauma/PTSD.
Welcoming new patients in-person or thru telemedicine; commercial insurance accepted. Crystal offers medication management for mental health, with her aim to help you to thrive at your best! Are you in need of evaluation and medication management from someone who will listen carefully to your concerns? Crystal incorporates a holistic approach that encompasses your unique physical and mental health needs. You can conveniently book an appointment and typically be seen within two weeks. Telemedicine appointments are also offered for flexibility!
(615) 789-1442 View (615) 789-1442
Photo of Gundu Reddy, MD, MBBS, Psychiatrist
Gundu Reddy
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Smyrna, TN 37167  (Online Only)
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist in Tennessee. I have trained in Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. I have always believed that brain health is the key to every form of well being and every individual regardless of their diagnosis or symptoms has the potential to be healthier. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, persistent irritability, dysphoria, insomnia, wanting to perform better at work- the core principles of treatment are often similar.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist in Tennessee. I have trained in Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. I have always believed that brain health is the key to every form of well being and every individual regardless of their diagnosis or symptoms has the potential to be healthier. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, persistent irritability, dysphoria, insomnia, wanting to perform better at work- the core principles of treatment are often similar.
(901) 676-8564 View (901) 676-8564
Photo of Toni A Williams, PMHNP, FNP-BC, DNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Toni A Williams
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, FNP-BC, DNP
Verified Verified
Smyrna, TN 37167  (Online Only)
I'm Toni, an accomplished healthcare professional, holding a Doctoral degree in Nursing Practice. Licensed in 39 states, I have certifications as a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP-BC) and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) from AANP and ANCC. My educational journey encompasses a Master's in Nursing (FNP) and a Bachelor's in Nursing. Additionally, I have diverse training, including ADN, LPN, and MA, providing me with a comprehensive foundation in healthcare. I serve as the VP of Nursing at Landmark Recovery. I lead strategic initiatives to ensure high-quality care and foster excellence in education and research.
I'm Toni, an accomplished healthcare professional, holding a Doctoral degree in Nursing Practice. Licensed in 39 states, I have certifications as a Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP-BC) and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) from AANP and ANCC. My educational journey encompasses a Master's in Nursing (FNP) and a Bachelor's in Nursing. Additionally, I have diverse training, including ADN, LPN, and MA, providing me with a comprehensive foundation in healthcare. I serve as the VP of Nursing at Landmark Recovery. I lead strategic initiatives to ensure high-quality care and foster excellence in education and research.
(629) 260-4788 View (629) 260-4788
Photo of Lynn Wolf, CNM, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Lynn Wolf
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CNM, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Smyrna, TN 37167
I am a Certified Nurse Midwife and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in women’s mental health across the lifespan. I enjoy connecting with women who are struggling with mood disorders while fostering a therapeutic relationship conducive to healing.
I am a Certified Nurse Midwife and Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in women’s mental health across the lifespan. I enjoy connecting with women who are struggling with mood disorders while fostering a therapeutic relationship conducive to healing.
(615) 488-4208 View (615) 488-4208
Photo of Myrvienne Jackson - Mindful Haven Mental Health Services, FNP-BC, PMHNP-, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Mindful Haven Mental Health Services
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, FNP-BC, PMHNP-, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Smyrna, TN 37167
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, Bipolar, etc… Mindful Haven is your safe haven. My name is Myrvienne Jackson! I am a Dual Board Certified Psychiatric and Family Nurse practitioner (PMHNP-BC / FNP-BC) in Murfreesboro, TN. As a dedicated provider, I am self driven by a profound commitment to providing compassionate care and support to individuals navigating the complexities of life. With over a decade of experience working in adolescent, adult, and geriatric units, I truly believe I can be your safe haven. Currently, I accept Cash Pay Only at this time, thus, I am available at a time when YOU need me to be.
Are you struggling with depression, anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, Bipolar, etc… Mindful Haven is your safe haven. My name is Myrvienne Jackson! I am a Dual Board Certified Psychiatric and Family Nurse practitioner (PMHNP-BC / FNP-BC) in Murfreesboro, TN. As a dedicated provider, I am self driven by a profound commitment to providing compassionate care and support to individuals navigating the complexities of life. With over a decade of experience working in adolescent, adult, and geriatric units, I truly believe I can be your safe haven. Currently, I accept Cash Pay Only at this time, thus, I am available at a time when YOU need me to be.
(615) 551-4980 View (615) 551-4980
Photo of Zachary Gilliam, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Zachary Gilliam
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Smyrna, TN 37167  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Zac Gilliam, and I am a dual board-certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) and Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNPC-AG). In working with patients, I strive for a holistic approach to care that encompasses eating healthy, staying active, sleeping well, spending time with people you love, and doing the work and activities you enjoy, all of which are so important to mental health. Working on all of the things that contribute to well-being creates a synergistic effect to help patients achieve lasting and meaningful improvements.
Hello! My name is Zac Gilliam, and I am a dual board-certified Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP-BC) and Adult-Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (ACNPC-AG). In working with patients, I strive for a holistic approach to care that encompasses eating healthy, staying active, sleeping well, spending time with people you love, and doing the work and activities you enjoy, all of which are so important to mental health. Working on all of the things that contribute to well-being creates a synergistic effect to help patients achieve lasting and meaningful improvements.
(931) 362-6535 View (931) 362-6535
Photo of Amanda Scales, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Amanda Scales
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Smyrna, TN 37167
I have been a nurse for almost 20 years, and throughout my nursing career, I have always felt drawn to patients dealing with anxiety and depression. I would love the opportunity to work together to remove obstacles that are preventing you from living your life to its fullest potential.
I have been a nurse for almost 20 years, and throughout my nursing career, I have always felt drawn to patients dealing with anxiety and depression. I would love the opportunity to work together to remove obstacles that are preventing you from living your life to its fullest potential.
(615) 930-3589 View (615) 930-3589

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Christopher Van Schenck - Nolensville Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Nolensville Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Nolensville, TN 37135
Some of my areas of expertise and specialized services include: Natural Supplements for Mood/Anxiety, OCD, ADHD, Generalized Anxiety, PTSD, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Panic Attacks, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder, Alcohol Use Disorder.
I provide telehealth and in person visits. I am an American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Certified Psychiatrist with 15 years of experience treating a wide range of patients ages 6 through adult in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I provide both medication management and therapy to individuals and couples. I collaborate with patients and families to help them find the treatment that works best. All appointments are conveniently booked online at the website www.nolensvillepsychiatry.com
Some of my areas of expertise and specialized services include: Natural Supplements for Mood/Anxiety, OCD, ADHD, Generalized Anxiety, PTSD, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Panic Attacks, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder, Alcohol Use Disorder.
I provide telehealth and in person visits. I am an American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology Certified Psychiatrist with 15 years of experience treating a wide range of patients ages 6 through adult in both inpatient and outpatient settings. I provide both medication management and therapy to individuals and couples. I collaborate with patients and families to help them find the treatment that works best. All appointments are conveniently booked online at the website www.nolensvillepsychiatry.com
(629) 217-2398 View (629) 217-2398
Photo of Courtney Michael - New Day Behavioral Health, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
New Day Behavioral Health
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Our providers Courtney Michael PMHNP-BC, Tanitha Moncier PMHNP-BC, Crystal Kirby PMHNP-BC, Haley Stovall, PMHNP-BC, & Linda Norton PMHNP-BC, specialize in medication management for Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder, OCD, Trauma, Addiction, PTSD, insomnia & ADHD.
Located in Murfreesboro and welcoming new patients, insurance accepted. We are experts in helping you feel your best and offer medication management for mental health. Have you ever felt like something is missing in your life or that life is harder than it should be? Our goal is to help you grow from your struggles and move forward to where you want to be in your life. We promise to be there for you every step of your
Our providers Courtney Michael PMHNP-BC, Tanitha Moncier PMHNP-BC, Crystal Kirby PMHNP-BC, Haley Stovall, PMHNP-BC, & Linda Norton PMHNP-BC, specialize in medication management for Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar Disorder, OCD, Trauma, Addiction, PTSD, insomnia & ADHD.
Located in Murfreesboro and welcoming new patients, insurance accepted. We are experts in helping you feel your best and offer medication management for mental health. Have you ever felt like something is missing in your life or that life is harder than it should be? Our goal is to help you grow from your struggles and move forward to where you want to be in your life. We promise to be there for you every step of your
(615) 282-5842 View (615) 282-5842
Photo of Rachel Hill - Positive Minds Psychiatry LLC, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Positive Minds Psychiatry LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Empowering individuals to meet their individualized mental health goals through a team approach is my passion. I treat the whole person not a diagnosis. I think outside of the box and provide education, treatment options, and support each person in obtaining their optimal level of mental health. I perform psychiatric evaluations, provide medication management and supportive therapy for those suffering from depression, anxiety, mood disorders, Bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder, PTSD, ADHD, OCD and specializing in autism spectrum disorder.
Empowering individuals to meet their individualized mental health goals through a team approach is my passion. I treat the whole person not a diagnosis. I think outside of the box and provide education, treatment options, and support each person in obtaining their optimal level of mental health. I perform psychiatric evaluations, provide medication management and supportive therapy for those suffering from depression, anxiety, mood disorders, Bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder, PTSD, ADHD, OCD and specializing in autism spectrum disorder.
(615) 395-3882 View (615) 395-3882
Photo of Amber Kerby, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Amber Kerby
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Murfreesboro, TN 37129  (Online Only)
I work with 16+ teens and adults with a variety of mood and anxiety disorders, PTSD, OCD, + more.
NEW clients BOOK an appointment on my WEBSITE: www.amethystmentalhealth.com/book-an-appointment ...My primary goal is to provide compassionate and evidence-based care to individuals struggling with mental health issues. I understand that seeking help can be daunting, and my approach is WHOLE-istic, incorporating the mind, body, spirit, empathy and understanding. My focus is on building strong therapeutic relationships with my patients, where we can work collaboratively towards a fulfilling life.
I work with 16+ teens and adults with a variety of mood and anxiety disorders, PTSD, OCD, + more.
NEW clients BOOK an appointment on my WEBSITE: www.amethystmentalhealth.com/book-an-appointment ...My primary goal is to provide compassionate and evidence-based care to individuals struggling with mental health issues. I understand that seeking help can be daunting, and my approach is WHOLE-istic, incorporating the mind, body, spirit, empathy and understanding. My focus is on building strong therapeutic relationships with my patients, where we can work collaboratively towards a fulfilling life.
(629) 276-7430 View (629) 276-7430
Photo of Gundu Reddy - Online Psychiatrist in Jacksonville, Florida, MD , MBBS, Psychiatrist
Online Psychiatrist in Jacksonville, Florida
Psychiatrist, MD , MBBS
Verified Verified
Nolensville, TN 37135  (Online Only)
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist Practicing in New York City. Due to requests, I have started providing tele-psychiatry services in Tennessee. I have really enjoyed learning meeting my patients in the South and learning a new culture and way of life. I have trained in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, depression, irritability, anxiety, OCD insomnia, wanting to perform better at work the core principles of symptom treatment are often similar.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist Practicing in New York City. Due to requests, I have started providing tele-psychiatry services in Tennessee. I have really enjoyed learning meeting my patients in the South and learning a new culture and way of life. I have trained in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, depression, irritability, anxiety, OCD insomnia, wanting to perform better at work the core principles of symptom treatment are often similar.
(904) 675-1124 View (904) 675-1124
Photo of Dwight King - Tennessee Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Tennessee Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Whether it is medication management, or in-depth talk therapy, the team at Tennessee Psychiatry is ready to help. Our team of psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, and licensed clinical social workers are here to help you get back on track.
Whether it is medication management, or in-depth talk therapy, the team at Tennessee Psychiatry is ready to help. Our team of psychiatrists, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, and licensed clinical social workers are here to help you get back on track.
(629) 333-3820 View (629) 333-3820
Photo of Eric Avent, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Eric Avent
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Eric Avent is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. His training and experience qualify him to diagnose, treat, and prescribe medication for patients across the lifespan. Eric's primary focus is to deliver evidence-based mental health care services and provide quality resources for patients involved. He offers telemedicine services. Some of his practice specialties include (but not limited to): ADHD, depression, anxiety, bipolar, PTSD, and support for members of the LGBTQ+ community.
Eric Avent is a Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. His training and experience qualify him to diagnose, treat, and prescribe medication for patients across the lifespan. Eric's primary focus is to deliver evidence-based mental health care services and provide quality resources for patients involved. He offers telemedicine services. Some of his practice specialties include (but not limited to): ADHD, depression, anxiety, bipolar, PTSD, and support for members of the LGBTQ+ community.
(615) 212-8887 View (615) 212-8887
Photo of Soniya Marwaha, MD, Psychiatrist
Soniya Marwaha
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist with training and experience working with Children, Adolescents as well as Adults with Mental health disorders. I specialize in evidence-based psychiatric treatments that help people overcome life's challenges and emerge with resilience. As part of my holistic, patient-centered approach to care, we'll explore your history via the Bio- Psycho-Social model including lifestyle factors, goals, and support networks to create a comprehensive and effective treatment plan.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist with training and experience working with Children, Adolescents as well as Adults with Mental health disorders. I specialize in evidence-based psychiatric treatments that help people overcome life's challenges and emerge with resilience. As part of my holistic, patient-centered approach to care, we'll explore your history via the Bio- Psycho-Social model including lifestyle factors, goals, and support networks to create a comprehensive and effective treatment plan.
(629) 295-8590 View (629) 295-8590
Photo of Adriana Beeson, APRN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Adriana Beeson
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Hi! I'm glad you're here. My name is Adriana Beeson, and my goal is to help you become the happiest and healthiest version of yourself you can be! I am a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, and I would love to help you start your mental health journey. Beginning this process can be intimidating, but I strive to make my patients feel comfortable with compassionate and personalized care.
Hi! I'm glad you're here. My name is Adriana Beeson, and my goal is to help you become the happiest and healthiest version of yourself you can be! I am a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner, and I would love to help you start your mental health journey. Beginning this process can be intimidating, but I strive to make my patients feel comfortable with compassionate and personalized care.
(615) 985-5148 View (615) 985-5148
Photo of Caleb Gulley, DNP, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Caleb Gulley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Caleb is a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in the medical management of mental illness across the lifespan. He uses an evidence-based, patient-centered approach to treatment. Through assessment of the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a condition, he is better able to understand concerns and recommend effective treatment for recovery. The goal is to connect you with the therapies you need to live life more fully.
Caleb is a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner specializing in the medical management of mental illness across the lifespan. He uses an evidence-based, patient-centered approach to treatment. Through assessment of the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a condition, he is better able to understand concerns and recommend effective treatment for recovery. The goal is to connect you with the therapies you need to live life more fully.
(931) 283-2484 View (931) 283-2484
Photo of Gundu Reddy, MD , MBBS, Psychiatrist
Gundu Reddy
Psychiatrist, MD , MBBS
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129  (Online Only)
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist Tennessee. I have trained in Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. I have always believed that brain health is the key to every form of well being and every individual regardless of their diagnosis or symptoms has the potential to be healthier. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, persistent irritability, dysphoria, insomnia, wanting to perform better at work- the core principles of treatment are often similar.
I am a Board Certified Psychiatrist Tennessee. I have trained in Psychodynamic psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family and Marital therapy, as well as Psychiatric Medication Management. I have always believed that brain health is the key to every form of well being and every individual regardless of their diagnosis or symptoms has the potential to be healthier. Whether your reasons for seeking treatment include treatment-resistant hallucinations, persistent irritability, dysphoria, insomnia, wanting to perform better at work- the core principles of treatment are often similar.
(615) 205-9448 View (615) 205-9448
Photo of Jennifer McGlothlin, PMHNP, CARN-AP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Jennifer McGlothlin
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, CARN-AP
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
I love helping people move through different phases in their lives. It is gratifying to come alongside them on their journey toward healing. I want the patient to live as fulfilling, purpose driven life as possible, moving toward success in whatever method that means to him or her. I enjoy helping improve mental health issues so the patient is able to focus on what matters the most.
I love helping people move through different phases in their lives. It is gratifying to come alongside them on their journey toward healing. I want the patient to live as fulfilling, purpose driven life as possible, moving toward success in whatever method that means to him or her. I enjoy helping improve mental health issues so the patient is able to focus on what matters the most.
(615) 552-0789 View (615) 552-0789
Photo of Jordan Stovall, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Jordan Stovall
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
Now welcoming new patients ages 12 and up! Let's work together to help you live your best life. Jordan understands that life is complex and sometimes overwhelming and would like to take the time to get to know you and your unique story. He uses a mind-body approach to help you heal so that you can accomplish your goals and is passionate about mental health. Jordan received his Bachelor of Science in nursing at Belmont University and received his Master of Science in Nursing at Union University specializing in psychiatry and is an experienced provider with a wide range of experience in the outpatient setting.
Now welcoming new patients ages 12 and up! Let's work together to help you live your best life. Jordan understands that life is complex and sometimes overwhelming and would like to take the time to get to know you and your unique story. He uses a mind-body approach to help you heal so that you can accomplish your goals and is passionate about mental health. Jordan received his Bachelor of Science in nursing at Belmont University and received his Master of Science in Nursing at Union University specializing in psychiatry and is an experienced provider with a wide range of experience in the outpatient setting.
(629) 288-1499 View (629) 288-1499
Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Psychiatrists

How long does OCD treatment take?

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is often treated on a weekly or twice-weekly schedule, depending on symptom severity and the client’s preferences. Some clients may start to see a noticeable improvement in symptoms in as little as six weeks, but it’s also possible, especially in more severe cases, for treatment to take several months to a year before significant progress is made.

What happens if OCD is not treated?

Some people with OCD, especially those with mild symptoms, may find that they are able to adapt reasonably well to life with the condition, even if their symptoms never resolve completely. However, many people, particularly those whose symptoms are severe at the outset, find that their obsessions and compulsions grow more intrusive with time, making it harder to maintain relationships, hold down a job, or navigate the world successfully.

Are there medications for OCD?

Medication can be used to treat OCD. The class of drugs most often prescribed are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, which include fluvoxamine (under the brand name Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), and sertraline (Zoloft), among others. In cases of treatment-resistant OCD, other classes of medication, such as tricyclic antidepressants or atypical antipsychotics, may be prescribed. Medication is frequently used in conjunction with therapy.

Can OCD come back after treatment?

Yes. Major life transitions, periods of stress, or other factors can cause symptoms to return or, if they were never fully eradicated, to ramp back up in intensity. For some, these relapses are brief and do not require additional treatment; identifying specific triggers and practicing the skills learned in therapy can help speed their course. For others, returning to therapy for a brief period can help address the underlying stress and strengthen coping mechanisms.