Psychoanalytic Psychiatrists in New York

Photo of David Gaita, MD, Psychiatrist
David Gaita
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028
Drawing from a variety of traditions, including evidence-based psychopharmacology, psychoanalytic theory, and Buddhist wisdom, we will work in our initial sessions to develop a treatment plan.
It is no small task to lead a fulfilling life with meaningful relationships and a sense of purpose. In times of suffering, that goal can seem impossible. When our usual ways of adapting to stress fail, we need an outside perspective to guide us to a deeper understanding of our harmful and at times destructive mental patterns. There is no simple algorithm for healing the complex wounds formed over a lifetime. For some, a carefully tailored medication regimen can be helpful, leading to relatively quick relief of debilitating symptoms. For others a purely psychotherapeutic approach may be a better fit.
Drawing from a variety of traditions, including evidence-based psychopharmacology, psychoanalytic theory, and Buddhist wisdom, we will work in our initial sessions to develop a treatment plan.
It is no small task to lead a fulfilling life with meaningful relationships and a sense of purpose. In times of suffering, that goal can seem impossible. When our usual ways of adapting to stress fail, we need an outside perspective to guide us to a deeper understanding of our harmful and at times destructive mental patterns. There is no simple algorithm for healing the complex wounds formed over a lifetime. For some, a carefully tailored medication regimen can be helpful, leading to relatively quick relief of debilitating symptoms. For others a purely psychotherapeutic approach may be a better fit.
(914) 730-5952 View (914) 730-5952
Photo of Michael Colin, MD, Psychiatrist
Michael Colin
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
Dr. Michael Colin is a board-certified, licensed adult psychiatrist in private clinical practice in Chelsea Manhattan at London Terrace Psychiatry. He completed his psychiatric residency at Mount Sinai Beth Israel Hospital in New York City with a focus on addiction psychiatry and the psychoanalytic fellowship at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute. Dr. Colin received his Doctor of Medicine degree at Sackler School of Medicine. He graduated from Boston University majoring in psychology and biology as well as a post-baccalaureate program at Columbia University.
Dr. Michael Colin is a board-certified, licensed adult psychiatrist in private clinical practice in Chelsea Manhattan at London Terrace Psychiatry. He completed his psychiatric residency at Mount Sinai Beth Israel Hospital in New York City with a focus on addiction psychiatry and the psychoanalytic fellowship at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute. Dr. Colin received his Doctor of Medicine degree at Sackler School of Medicine. He graduated from Boston University majoring in psychology and biology as well as a post-baccalaureate program at Columbia University.
(929) 227-6274 View (929) 227-6274
Photo of Brielle Cardieri, MD, Psychiatrist
Brielle Cardieri
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10128
Additionally, I have advanced therapy trainings in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic frameworks from NYPSI and the White Institute.
I am a psychiatrist and therapist who understands the importance of our relationship in your healing; it is incredibly important to find a "good fit" in your treatment partner. Patients and colleagues alike describe me as warm, empathetic, trustworthy, safe, endlessly curious, and (at times) even fun. If this sounds like a good fit for your personality and needs, I’m excited to meet you. Whether you're dealing with depression, anxiety, relationship stress, OCD, ADHD, or other personal challenges, I’m here to support you in finding a path forward.
Additionally, I have advanced therapy trainings in psychodynamic and psychoanalytic frameworks from NYPSI and the White Institute.
I am a psychiatrist and therapist who understands the importance of our relationship in your healing; it is incredibly important to find a "good fit" in your treatment partner. Patients and colleagues alike describe me as warm, empathetic, trustworthy, safe, endlessly curious, and (at times) even fun. If this sounds like a good fit for your personality and needs, I’m excited to meet you. Whether you're dealing with depression, anxiety, relationship stress, OCD, ADHD, or other personal challenges, I’m here to support you in finding a path forward.
(914) 228-9118 View (914) 228-9118
Photo of Peter Jay Stein, MD, MA, Psychiatrist
Peter Jay Stein
Psychiatrist, MD, MA
Verified Verified
Rockville Centre, NY 11570  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy and Psychopharmacology: Accurate diagnosis is paramount in psychiatry, and this requires adequate time, in order to develop rapport and understanding. For treatment, I apply the various tools of psychodynamic-expressive- psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and, when medically indicated, I may recommend, carefully prescribe, and monitor psychotropic (or psychoactive) medication (psychopharmacology/pharmacotherapy), across all diagnostic categories.
Psychotherapy and Psychopharmacology: Accurate diagnosis is paramount in psychiatry, and this requires adequate time, in order to develop rapport and understanding. For treatment, I apply the various tools of psychodynamic-expressive- psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and, when medically indicated, I may recommend, carefully prescribe, and monitor psychotropic (or psychoactive) medication (psychopharmacology/pharmacotherapy), across all diagnostic categories.
(516) 714-5838 View (516) 714-5838
Photo of Andrew Rosendahl, MD, PhD, Psychiatrist
Andrew Rosendahl
Psychiatrist, MD, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Rosendahl provides clients with an individualized approach that utilizes the state of the art tools including psychoanalytic, cognitive and psychodynamic based therapies, and psychopharmacology.
Dr. Rosendahl is a board certified psychiatrist practicing in the New York City metropolitan area. The guiding principle of his practice is that a good treatment should maintain or improve the quality of one's life. This treatment is informed by an integrative perspective of mind-brain-body that seeks to understand each client within the context of his/her life circumstances.
Rosendahl provides clients with an individualized approach that utilizes the state of the art tools including psychoanalytic, cognitive and psychodynamic based therapies, and psychopharmacology.
Dr. Rosendahl is a board certified psychiatrist practicing in the New York City metropolitan area. The guiding principle of his practice is that a good treatment should maintain or improve the quality of one's life. This treatment is informed by an integrative perspective of mind-brain-body that seeks to understand each client within the context of his/her life circumstances.
(646) 807-4168 View (646) 807-4168
Photo of Samuel L Pauker, MD, Psychiatrist
Samuel L Pauker
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10021  (Online Only)
I am a clinical psychiatrist in New York City, where I see both individuals and couples in my private practice. I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School and completed my psychiatric residency at the Payne Whitney Clinic of New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and my psychoanalytic training at Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training & Research. I am Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical Center, Assistant Attending Psychiatrist at NY Presbyterian Hospital, and teach at Weill-Cornell Medical School.
I am a clinical psychiatrist in New York City, where I see both individuals and couples in my private practice. I graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School and completed my psychiatric residency at the Payne Whitney Clinic of New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center and my psychoanalytic training at Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training & Research. I am Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medical Center, Assistant Attending Psychiatrist at NY Presbyterian Hospital, and teach at Weill-Cornell Medical School.
(646) 766-0219 View (646) 766-0219
Photo of Lisa R Berman, MD, Psychiatrist
Lisa R Berman
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10023
Are you depressed or anxious? Perhaps you feel you have reached your breaking point. Or, perhaps you are not in crisis, but you feel dissatisfied or unfulfilled -- life is not what you had imagined. I can help you get your life on track and help you become more fulfilled. I am a board certified adult psychiatrist. I attended Cornell Medical school and completed my residency in psychiatry at New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell and also completed psychoanalytic training at the Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training. I am a highly trained and highly skilled psychotherapist and psychopharmacologist.
Are you depressed or anxious? Perhaps you feel you have reached your breaking point. Or, perhaps you are not in crisis, but you feel dissatisfied or unfulfilled -- life is not what you had imagined. I can help you get your life on track and help you become more fulfilled. I am a board certified adult psychiatrist. I attended Cornell Medical school and completed my residency in psychiatry at New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell and also completed psychoanalytic training at the Columbia University Center for Psychoanalytic Training. I am a highly trained and highly skilled psychotherapist and psychopharmacologist.
(212) 724-1027 View (212) 724-1027
Photo of Seth Kleinerman, MD, Psychiatrist
Seth Kleinerman
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I received my medical degree from Harvard, in the combined Harvard-MIT department of Health Sciences and Technology, then did psychiatry residency at Cornell and analytic training at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
Cornell-trained psychiatrist and NYPSI-trained psychoanalyst with a private practice in midtown. I see adults with mood, anxiety, and personality disorders, and tailor my approach to the specific needs of each patient. Some people benefit from medications, some from psychotherapy/psychoanalysis, and I'm able to provide both, as necessary and guided by patient preference.
I received my medical degree from Harvard, in the combined Harvard-MIT department of Health Sciences and Technology, then did psychiatry residency at Cornell and analytic training at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
Cornell-trained psychiatrist and NYPSI-trained psychoanalyst with a private practice in midtown. I see adults with mood, anxiety, and personality disorders, and tailor my approach to the specific needs of each patient. Some people benefit from medications, some from psychotherapy/psychoanalysis, and I'm able to provide both, as necessary and guided by patient preference.
(646) 759-4252 View (646) 759-4252
Photo of Mustafa Ziyalan, MD, Psychiatrist
Mustafa Ziyalan
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
As a physician, psychotherapist and healer my goal is to work with you to create a treatment approach centered around you as an individual, based on your unique needs and wishes. I did my residency at New York University. I had psychoanalytic psychotherapy training. I have research experience. I have extensive experience in psychotherapy and prescribing medications for a wide range of issues.
As a physician, psychotherapist and healer my goal is to work with you to create a treatment approach centered around you as an individual, based on your unique needs and wishes. I did my residency at New York University. I had psychoanalytic psychotherapy training. I have research experience. I have extensive experience in psychotherapy and prescribing medications for a wide range of issues.
(646) 392-7242 View (646) 392-7242
Psychiatric services NYC, PC
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11201
I am board-certified in Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of a broad spectrum of psychiatric conditions and addiction issues. I have completed fellowship at the Institute of Psychoanalytic Education. I have extensive experience in psychopharmacology and psychotherapy and am committed to providing compassionate, top quality mental health care and addiction problems that is customized to meet each of my patient's individual needs. Initial consultation consists of a comprehensive psychiatric assessment. I will also carefully screen for commonly missed coexisting conditions.
I am board-certified in Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of a broad spectrum of psychiatric conditions and addiction issues. I have completed fellowship at the Institute of Psychoanalytic Education. I have extensive experience in psychopharmacology and psychotherapy and am committed to providing compassionate, top quality mental health care and addiction problems that is customized to meet each of my patient's individual needs. Initial consultation consists of a comprehensive psychiatric assessment. I will also carefully screen for commonly missed coexisting conditions.
(347) 252-3841 View (347) 252-3841
Photo of Luba Kessler, MD, Psychiatrist
Luba Kessler
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Psychoanalytic theory offers a profound and ever evolving understanding of human nature and development.
As a psychoanalytically trained psychiatrist, I provide comprehensive treatment for a variety of mental health problems informed by the view of each person as an integrated body/mind/brain individual. The state of that integration is reflected in the physical, emotional and social wellbeing, manifesting in depressed and anxious states, as well as a variety of other mental and/or physical problems. Treatment recommendations are based on the assessment of these disturbances in the context of understanding personal history, as well as present day life demands and aspirations. They include individual, couples or family psychotherapy, with psychotropic medication if indicated.
Psychoanalytic theory offers a profound and ever evolving understanding of human nature and development.
As a psychoanalytically trained psychiatrist, I provide comprehensive treatment for a variety of mental health problems informed by the view of each person as an integrated body/mind/brain individual. The state of that integration is reflected in the physical, emotional and social wellbeing, manifesting in depressed and anxious states, as well as a variety of other mental and/or physical problems. Treatment recommendations are based on the assessment of these disturbances in the context of understanding personal history, as well as present day life demands and aspirations. They include individual, couples or family psychotherapy, with psychotropic medication if indicated.
(646) 374-3581 View (646) 374-3581
Photo of Jarrod A. Marks - Jarrod A. Marks, MD , MD, Psychiatrist
Jarrod A. Marks, MD
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
I completed a residency in psychiatry at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, where I trained with leaders in advanced psychopharmacology and psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist. As a physician, I diagnose and treat a wide range of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. I also work with people who are suffering in life from issues such as relationship or career concerns, grief and loss, life transitions, or identity issues. I will help you to know yourself better so you can experience life more fully.
I completed a residency in psychiatry at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, where I trained with leaders in advanced psychopharmacology and psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist. As a physician, I diagnose and treat a wide range of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. I also work with people who are suffering in life from issues such as relationship or career concerns, grief and loss, life transitions, or identity issues. I will help you to know yourself better so you can experience life more fully.
(315) 365-5586 View (315) 365-5586
Photo of Michelle Tricamo, MD, Psychiatrist
Michelle Tricamo
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10021
I then went on to complete fellowship training in child and adolescent psychiatry at NY-Presbyterian (Cornell and Columbia Universities) and am now completing additional training for psychoanalytic psychotherapy at Columbia University.
I am a board certified adult, child & adolescent psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I believe thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that cause conflicts in our lives can be identified and processed using a variety of techniques and methods. I aim to create a partnership with my patients and a safe environment to explore and develop insightful understanding which might help relieve these issues and bring comfort to patients' lives. Through empathy, patience, active listening and diligent research, I believe my patient's desired goals can be achieved.
I then went on to complete fellowship training in child and adolescent psychiatry at NY-Presbyterian (Cornell and Columbia Universities) and am now completing additional training for psychoanalytic psychotherapy at Columbia University.
I am a board certified adult, child & adolescent psychiatrist specializing in the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders with an expertise in psychotherapy. I believe thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that cause conflicts in our lives can be identified and processed using a variety of techniques and methods. I aim to create a partnership with my patients and a safe environment to explore and develop insightful understanding which might help relieve these issues and bring comfort to patients' lives. Through empathy, patience, active listening and diligent research, I believe my patient's desired goals can be achieved.
(646) 681-7357 View (646) 681-7357
Photo of Susan Sherkow, MD, Psychiatrist
Susan Sherkow
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128
She has presented and published extensively on the application of psychoanalytic developmental theory to the treatment of children, adolescents and adults with ASD.
Susan P. Sherkow, M.D. is a Training and Supervising Analyst at BPI, a Supervising Child and Adolescent Analyst at NYPSI, and on the faculties of Mt. Sinai and Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Sherkow has published in JAPA, The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, and Psychoanalytic Inquiry, among others, on the topics of autism spectrum disorder, primal scene, intergenerational eating disorders, the diagnosis of sexual abuse in young children, watched play, and working in analysis with children under five.
She has presented and published extensively on the application of psychoanalytic developmental theory to the treatment of children, adolescents and adults with ASD.
Susan P. Sherkow, M.D. is a Training and Supervising Analyst at BPI, a Supervising Child and Adolescent Analyst at NYPSI, and on the faculties of Mt. Sinai and Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Dr. Sherkow has published in JAPA, The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, and Psychoanalytic Inquiry, among others, on the topics of autism spectrum disorder, primal scene, intergenerational eating disorders, the diagnosis of sexual abuse in young children, watched play, and working in analysis with children under five.
(646) 832-4881 View (646) 832-4881
Photo of Luis H Ripoll, MD, Psychiatrist
Luis H Ripoll
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I rely on additional expertise in trauma and dissociation, the neurobiology of personality, childhood development, psychoanalytic technique, and in evidence-based psychotherapies such as mentalization-based therapy, cognitive processing therapy for trauma, and transference-focused psychotherapy.
I am a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine and New York Psychoanalytic Institute. I treat people who feel stuck, either because of paralyzing anxiety, depression, or some other inexplicable emotional symptom. Others feel stuck in a particular way of relating to others, a specific view of themselves, compelling or distressing fantasies, or due to past traumatic experiences. I aim to provide individualized treatment to target a variety of difficulties in managing emotions, identity, and interpersonal functioning. When necessary, I also prescribe medication to optimize treatment.
I rely on additional expertise in trauma and dissociation, the neurobiology of personality, childhood development, psychoanalytic technique, and in evidence-based psychotherapies such as mentalization-based therapy, cognitive processing therapy for trauma, and transference-focused psychotherapy.
I am a psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine and New York Psychoanalytic Institute. I treat people who feel stuck, either because of paralyzing anxiety, depression, or some other inexplicable emotional symptom. Others feel stuck in a particular way of relating to others, a specific view of themselves, compelling or distressing fantasies, or due to past traumatic experiences. I aim to provide individualized treatment to target a variety of difficulties in managing emotions, identity, and interpersonal functioning. When necessary, I also prescribe medication to optimize treatment.
(917) 267-0731 View (917) 267-0731
Photo of Anna Balas, MD, Psychiatrist
Anna Balas
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128
I am associate professor at Cornell Payne Whitney division and Training and Supervising Analyst at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
You will find me understanding and receptive, sensible and levelheaded as we explore the roots of your distress. We shy away neither from mundane nor from imaginative solutions! My work is informed both by my background in child and adolescent psychiatry with its emphasis on development and by psychoanalytic understanding of conflict. I use medication as needed, part of a global approach devised for your individual needs.
I am associate professor at Cornell Payne Whitney division and Training and Supervising Analyst at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
You will find me understanding and receptive, sensible and levelheaded as we explore the roots of your distress. We shy away neither from mundane nor from imaginative solutions! My work is informed both by my background in child and adolescent psychiatry with its emphasis on development and by psychoanalytic understanding of conflict. I use medication as needed, part of a global approach devised for your individual needs.
(646) 374-3115 View (646) 374-3115
Photo of Dr. Brooke A. Finley, PhD, DNP, PMHNP, CARN-AP, APHN-BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Dr. Brooke A. Finley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PhD, DNP, PMHNP, CARN-AP, APHN-BC
Verified Verified
Canandaigua, NY 14424
Waitlist for new clients
Whatever challenges you face, it is my experience that you can work through them when you are motivated to explore what you don't know about yourself and have a good fit with a skilled psychotherapist who understands you. Respectively, I practice psychoanalytic psychotherapy, an approach that most therapists choose for themselves because it is so transformative. It is particularly helpful for long-term and difficult-to-change issues, providing long-lasting growth and psychic relief. While I won't give you "tools" or homework, I will help you foster new ways understanding your soul so you can create a satisfactory life worth living.
Whatever challenges you face, it is my experience that you can work through them when you are motivated to explore what you don't know about yourself and have a good fit with a skilled psychotherapist who understands you. Respectively, I practice psychoanalytic psychotherapy, an approach that most therapists choose for themselves because it is so transformative. It is particularly helpful for long-term and difficult-to-change issues, providing long-lasting growth and psychic relief. While I won't give you "tools" or homework, I will help you foster new ways understanding your soul so you can create a satisfactory life worth living.
(585) 310-8899 View (585) 310-8899
Photo of Dr. Lawrence Randolph Belcher, MD, Psychiatrist
Dr. Lawrence Randolph Belcher
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
He also completed subspecialty training in psychoanalytic psychotherapy at the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute and forensic psychiatry fellowship at Case Western Reserve University.
Dr. Belcher treats patients with a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Treatment is generally 1-2 times per week by telehealth.
He also completed subspecialty training in psychoanalytic psychotherapy at the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute and forensic psychiatry fellowship at Case Western Reserve University.
Dr. Belcher treats patients with a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Treatment is generally 1-2 times per week by telehealth.
(929) 416-6278 View (929) 416-6278
Photo of Louisa Hong, MD, Psychiatrist
Louisa Hong
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10038  (Online Only)
My specialty is psychodynamic/ psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
I understand it is a big decision to seek help. I am glad you have taken steps toward getting treatment. I am a board-certified psychiatrist and psychotherapist who helps adults struggling with a myriad of problems including their identities and relationships.
My specialty is psychodynamic/ psychoanalytic psychotherapy.
I understand it is a big decision to seek help. I am glad you have taken steps toward getting treatment. I am a board-certified psychiatrist and psychotherapist who helps adults struggling with a myriad of problems including their identities and relationships.
(646) 846-1540 View (646) 846-1540
Photo of Sepideh Faez, MD, Psychiatrist
Sepideh Faez
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
Sepideh Faez, MD, is a psychiatrist with a focus on mood and anxiety disorders. Dr. Faez completed her psychiatric training at New York Medical College, and is an attending psychiatrist at St. Vincent’s Hospital. Dr. Faez is a humanistic psychiatrist who combines cutting edge psychopharmacology with a rich knowledge of psychotherapy, having completed a fellowship at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
Sepideh Faez, MD, is a psychiatrist with a focus on mood and anxiety disorders. Dr. Faez completed her psychiatric training at New York Medical College, and is an attending psychiatrist at St. Vincent’s Hospital. Dr. Faez is a humanistic psychiatrist who combines cutting edge psychopharmacology with a rich knowledge of psychotherapy, having completed a fellowship at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute.
(347) 934-8013 View (347) 934-8013
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Psychoanalytic Psychiatrists

Does psychoanalytic therapy work?

Psychoanalytic therapy derives from the work of Sigmund Freud. In this type of therapy, discovering buried thoughts and emotions from the unconscious will help a person work through their difficulties and negative behaviors. Research shows that psychoanalytic therapy can be highly effective, with patients reporting improvement in mood, quality of life, and overall well-being.

How long are people typically in psychoanalytic therapy?

Traditional psychoanalysis is in-depth and is conducted in five sessions every week. Today, modern psychoanalytic therapy is less intense and normally incorporates as few as one or two sessions a week. In some cases, positive change can occur quickly. However, if the condition, difficulty, or behavior is deep-seated, improvement may require many months or years of therapy.

Is psychoanalytic therapy suitable for young people?

Children and adolescents can benefit from this type of therapy. Many kids and teens are often unable to form and communicate their thoughts and emotions. Psychoanalytic therapy uses specific techniques such as dream analysis, symbolism, and free association or word association; all of which can be useful tools for less-communicative young people. Through this therapy, a patient will hopefully make connections between what they feel inside and how the world works outside.

Can psychoanalytic therapy be done online?

Modern-day psychoanalytic therapy is very different from traditional psychoanalysis. While an individual can sit face-to-face with the psychoanalyst for multiple sessions a week, they do not have to. Today, psychoanalytic therapy can be effectively conducted online or by phone. The key is that the individual confronts what is repressed and avoided, and this can be done whether in person or over online video.