Weight Loss Psychiatrists in Detroit, MI

Photo of Heather Sutherlin, FNP-BC, Physician Assistant
Heather Sutherlin
Physician Assistant, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48226  (Online Only)
We are now offering Behavioral Health appointments, Therapy, ADHD Assessment and Treatment, as well as Primary Care and much more. We have dual board certified licensed providers ready to assist you with your behavioral health needs. If you're wanting to switch providers or establish online care send us a message for more information. We treat a variety of healthcare needs including medication management, diabetes management, weight management, depression and anxiety. Book today for an assessment. We offer low cash pay prices as well as accept insurance. Download our app today or contact us to confirm we accept your insurance.
We are now offering Behavioral Health appointments, Therapy, ADHD Assessment and Treatment, as well as Primary Care and much more. We have dual board certified licensed providers ready to assist you with your behavioral health needs. If you're wanting to switch providers or establish online care send us a message for more information. We treat a variety of healthcare needs including medication management, diabetes management, weight management, depression and anxiety. Book today for an assessment. We offer low cash pay prices as well as accept insurance. Download our app today or contact us to confirm we accept your insurance.
(586) 371-6132 View (586) 371-6132
Photo of Craig Lemmen - Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48201
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez, NP and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and we collaborate with our counseling specialists to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited and we can't work with patients in counseling with other providers or new patients who need medication for ADHD.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez, NP and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and we collaborate with our counseling specialists to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited and we can't work with patients in counseling with other providers or new patients who need medication for ADHD.
(313) 217-3190 View (313) 217-3190
Photo of Taylor M Crossley, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Taylor M Crossley
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48201
Conducting life coaching services to patients including cognitive behavioral therapy, supportive therapy, marital counseling, couples therapy, family therapy and therapy using alternative medicine such as therapy including art, music, yoga, and equine to those victim to trauma.
Conducting life coaching services to patients including cognitive behavioral therapy, supportive therapy, marital counseling, couples therapy, family therapy and therapy using alternative medicine such as therapy including art, music, yoga, and equine to those victim to trauma.
(810) 207-6495 View (810) 207-6495
Photo of Mohammed Joz, PMHNP, -BC, APNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Mohammed Joz
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, -BC, APNP
Verified Verified
30 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48201  (Online Only)
I am Licensed and Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health NP in Adult, Adolescent, and Child Psychiatry. I believe that every patient deserves the best mental health care, and it's my job to deliver it! I pride myself on going the extra mile to provide research-driven holistic care. Starting with a complete/comprehensive Initial Psychiatric Evaluation and ensuring my patient receive their medication on time. I treat Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, ADHD, Psychotic disorders, PTSD and others conditions ... I am experienced with outpatient, inpatient, and partial hospitalization. I also provide brief CBT, DBT, general therapy.
I am Licensed and Board-Certified Psychiatric Mental Health NP in Adult, Adolescent, and Child Psychiatry. I believe that every patient deserves the best mental health care, and it's my job to deliver it! I pride myself on going the extra mile to provide research-driven holistic care. Starting with a complete/comprehensive Initial Psychiatric Evaluation and ensuring my patient receive their medication on time. I treat Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, ADHD, Psychotic disorders, PTSD and others conditions ... I am experienced with outpatient, inpatient, and partial hospitalization. I also provide brief CBT, DBT, general therapy.
(248) 983-1070 View (248) 983-1070
Photo of Jimmy Metellus - Fulfilled Care Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Fulfilled Care Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48226
At Fulfilled Care Psychiatry, you're in the care of a compassionate psychiatrist who understands the challenges you're facing, such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, substance use, or life transitions. Dr. Jimmy Metellus, M.D specializes in evidence-based treatments tailored just for you. His purpose is to guide you on a journey toward emotional stability, improved relationships, resilience, self-discovery, and everyday functionality.
At Fulfilled Care Psychiatry, you're in the care of a compassionate psychiatrist who understands the challenges you're facing, such as anxiety, depression, ADHD, substance use, or life transitions. Dr. Jimmy Metellus, M.D specializes in evidence-based treatments tailored just for you. His purpose is to guide you on a journey toward emotional stability, improved relationships, resilience, self-discovery, and everyday functionality.
(248) 289-8874 View (248) 289-8874
Photo of Elizabeth Macshadiya, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-C, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Elizabeth Macshadiya
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-C
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48208
Hi, I’m Liz! Are you suffering from challenges caused by depression, anxiety, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, insomnia, and more? Do you often wonder if what you are feeling or experiencing is “normal?” Let’s talk! I am an experienced, board-certified psychiatric provider who believes in treating you with respect and compassion, and encourages you to actively participate in your journey to wellness. My overall goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and have a greater overall understanding about your mental health. I focus on you as a whole person, and not just a diagnosis. I see patients ages 6+ in TX, CO, IA, MI, NM, and WA.
Hi, I’m Liz! Are you suffering from challenges caused by depression, anxiety, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, insomnia, and more? Do you often wonder if what you are feeling or experiencing is “normal?” Let’s talk! I am an experienced, board-certified psychiatric provider who believes in treating you with respect and compassion, and encourages you to actively participate in your journey to wellness. My overall goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and have a greater overall understanding about your mental health. I focus on you as a whole person, and not just a diagnosis. I see patients ages 6+ in TX, CO, IA, MI, NM, and WA.
(281) 524-2184 View (281) 524-2184

More Psychiatrists Nearby

Photo of Wendy Besler, MD, Psychiatrist
Wendy Besler
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grosse Pointe, MI 48215
I do not believe in the current practice of symptomatic medicine. It has proven ineffective and has divided the practice of medicine into specialties, forgetting that the body functions in a constant state of homeostasis- all systems reliant on each other to function optimally. I believe that treating the underlying issue, down to the molecular basis, is what needs to be addressed in order to treat and eventually heal the disease. Unfortunately diseases have been categorized into separate entities when there is a common thread that is shared between them. My goal is to heal the mind & body as whole through integrative medicine.
I do not believe in the current practice of symptomatic medicine. It has proven ineffective and has divided the practice of medicine into specialties, forgetting that the body functions in a constant state of homeostasis- all systems reliant on each other to function optimally. I believe that treating the underlying issue, down to the molecular basis, is what needs to be addressed in order to treat and eventually heal the disease. Unfortunately diseases have been categorized into separate entities when there is a common thread that is shared between them. My goal is to heal the mind & body as whole through integrative medicine.
(947) 222-1791 View (947) 222-1791
Photo of Craig Lemmen - Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Dearborn, MI 48121
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and we collaborate with our counseling specialists to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited and we can't work with patients in counseling with other providers.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and we collaborate with our counseling specialists to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited and we can't work with patients in counseling with other providers.
(734) 294-5776 View (734) 294-5776
Photo of Kirsti Ramirez - Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry, NP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
Grosse Pointe, MI 48230
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Dr Lemmen and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We will work with you to find the right medication(s) to help you to feel and function at your best. Counseling or other services may also be needed and we will find the right specialist on our team for you. Our time is limited and we can't see patients in counseling with other providers.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Dr Lemmen and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We will work with you to find the right medication(s) to help you to feel and function at your best. Counseling or other services may also be needed and we will find the right specialist on our team for you. Our time is limited and we can't see patients in counseling with other providers.
(248) 598-7285 View (248) 598-7285
Photo of Melissa Sue Carafelli, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Melissa Sue Carafelli
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, FNP-BC, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Royal Oak, MI 48067
My 15 years of experience caring for patients across the lifespan and via different practice settings including outpatient psych/mental health, inpatient psych/mental health, acute care hospital, urgent care, and skilled nursing facilities/assisted livings has given me a wealth of knowledge to pull from to help you with the struggles you’re facing. I graduated from the University of Detroit Mercy with my bachelor's degree, from South University with my MSN, and graduated with my Post-Master's from Maryville University.
My 15 years of experience caring for patients across the lifespan and via different practice settings including outpatient psych/mental health, inpatient psych/mental health, acute care hospital, urgent care, and skilled nursing facilities/assisted livings has given me a wealth of knowledge to pull from to help you with the struggles you’re facing. I graduated from the University of Detroit Mercy with my bachelor's degree, from South University with my MSN, and graduated with my Post-Master's from Maryville University.
(586) 300-3793 View (586) 300-3793

Online Psychiatrists

Photo of Catherine Nwora, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC, FNP-BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Catherine Nwora
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNPBC, FNP-BC
Verified Verified
Birmingham, MI 48009  (Online Only)
Maybe you are hesitant about starting medications. Are you looking for someone to evaluate your situation? Are you struggling with medications - just not sure if they are right for you? I am currently accepting new patients with the comfort and convenience of virtual sessions. My goal is to assist patients with various treatment options along with input from the patient. All patients should play an active role in determining their treatment plan. Together, we will create a plan that you are comfortable with. I use both psychopharmacology and psychotherapy and also believe in the use of non-pharmacological methods when necessary.
Maybe you are hesitant about starting medications. Are you looking for someone to evaluate your situation? Are you struggling with medications - just not sure if they are right for you? I am currently accepting new patients with the comfort and convenience of virtual sessions. My goal is to assist patients with various treatment options along with input from the patient. All patients should play an active role in determining their treatment plan. Together, we will create a plan that you are comfortable with. I use both psychopharmacology and psychotherapy and also believe in the use of non-pharmacological methods when necessary.
(248) 985-8141 View (248) 985-8141
Photo of Elizabeth Macshadiya, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-C, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Elizabeth Macshadiya
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-C
Verified Verified
Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304
Hi, I’m Liz! Are you suffering from challenges caused by depression, anxiety, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, insomnia, and more? Do you often wonder if what you are feeling or experiencing is “normal?” Let’s talk! I am an experienced, board-certified psychiatric provider who believes in treating you with respect and compassion, and encourages you to actively participate in your journey to wellness. My overall goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and have a greater overall understanding about your mental health. I focus on you as a whole person, and not just a diagnosis. I see patients ages 6+ in TX, CO, IA, MI, NM, and WA.
Hi, I’m Liz! Are you suffering from challenges caused by depression, anxiety, ADHD, OCD, PTSD, insomnia, and more? Do you often wonder if what you are feeling or experiencing is “normal?” Let’s talk! I am an experienced, board-certified psychiatric provider who believes in treating you with respect and compassion, and encourages you to actively participate in your journey to wellness. My overall goal is for you to feel seen, heard, and have a greater overall understanding about your mental health. I focus on you as a whole person, and not just a diagnosis. I see patients ages 6+ in TX, CO, IA, MI, NM, and WA.
(505) 666-5310 View (505) 666-5310
Photo of Kristi Ramirez - Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry, NP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, NP
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Nicole Jones, Dr Lemmen and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and ongoing collaboration with you to find the right dose to help you to feel and function at your best. Counseling may also be needed and we collaborate with our Best Fit Counseling specialists to meet your needs.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Nicole Jones, Dr Lemmen and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and ongoing collaboration with you to find the right dose to help you to feel and function at your best. Counseling may also be needed and we collaborate with our Best Fit Counseling specialists to meet your needs.
(734) 294-5918 View (734) 294-5918
Photo of Akash Kumar - Green Arbor Psych, MD, Psychiatrist
Green Arbor Psych
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
New patient openings within a week. See openings and book a video appointment online at AnnArborPsych.com. FOCUS: ADHD, Social and General Anxiety, Depression, Mood Swings, Impulse Control, OCD, and PTSD. I investigate for root causes of symptoms and have trained with Dr. Akash Kumar MD on his multi layered diagnostic approach to looking at nutritional, medical, psychiatric, and cognitive dimensions. With this background, we can find underlying often missed subtle conditions that contribute to symptoms.
New patient openings within a week. See openings and book a video appointment online at AnnArborPsych.com. FOCUS: ADHD, Social and General Anxiety, Depression, Mood Swings, Impulse Control, OCD, and PTSD. I investigate for root causes of symptoms and have trained with Dr. Akash Kumar MD on his multi layered diagnostic approach to looking at nutritional, medical, psychiatric, and cognitive dimensions. With this background, we can find underlying often missed subtle conditions that contribute to symptoms.
(734) 749-9816 x1 View (734) 749-9816 x1
Photo of Meriam Sam, PMHNP-B, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Meriam Sam
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP-B
Verified Verified
Ann Arbor, MI 48104
I enjoy helping clients through their struggles with addiction and all other Mental Health Disorders. Intensive therapy and Medication Assisted Treatment are the tools utilized to helps assist you through your recovery. I am an advocate for holistic health care and have a passion for individually focused patient care. Im dedicated to providing the best patient care possible by listening to my patients, employing motivational interviewing techniques, and providing multiple proven treatment options. I am passionate about whole body wellness, and how mental health plays a role in the quality of your life.
I enjoy helping clients through their struggles with addiction and all other Mental Health Disorders. Intensive therapy and Medication Assisted Treatment are the tools utilized to helps assist you through your recovery. I am an advocate for holistic health care and have a passion for individually focused patient care. Im dedicated to providing the best patient care possible by listening to my patients, employing motivational interviewing techniques, and providing multiple proven treatment options. I am passionate about whole body wellness, and how mental health plays a role in the quality of your life.
(316) 535-7402 View (316) 535-7402
Photo of Craig Lemmen - Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry, MD, Psychiatrist
Best Fit Counseling & Psychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Berkley, MI 48072
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez NP and I provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and collaboration with our counseling specialists when needed to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited now and we are unable to work with patients working with other counseling providers.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent or adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Kristi Ramirez NP and I provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and collaboration with our counseling specialists when needed to help you to feel and function at your best. Our time is limited now and we are unable to work with patients working with other counseling providers.
(734) 346-7654 View (734) 346-7654
Photo of Patricia Frances Yourchock-Orr, PMH CNS, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Patricia Frances Yourchock-Orr
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMH CNS
Verified Verified
Westland, MI 48186
I work with individuals who have anxiety depression and have had treatment for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder or substance abuse
I work with individuals who have anxiety depression and have had treatment for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder or substance abuse
(734) 838-5031 View (734) 838-5031
Photo of Charmaine Adegeye, MSN, PMNP-BC, FNP-C, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Charmaine Adegeye
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMNP-BC, FNP-C
Verified Verified
Southfield, MI 48033  (Online Only)
Our purpose in life is not a place but a state of mind. Author Unknown. Mental Wellness is paramount to overall fitness. We consider the whole person in our treatment plan; Mind, Body, and Spirit. Our team offers medication management, neurofeedback, mediation, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), and other modalities of therapy. We take pride in aiding our clients on their journey toward improved mental wellness and achieving the best version of themselves.
Our purpose in life is not a place but a state of mind. Author Unknown. Mental Wellness is paramount to overall fitness. We consider the whole person in our treatment plan; Mind, Body, and Spirit. Our team offers medication management, neurofeedback, mediation, Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), and other modalities of therapy. We take pride in aiding our clients on their journey toward improved mental wellness and achieving the best version of themselves.
(734) 292-4915 View (734) 292-4915
Photo of Gary Dylewski, DO, Psychiatrist
Gary Dylewski
Psychiatrist, DO
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bingham Farms, MI 48025
I would rather teach a skill than prescribe a pill, but I will. In other words, if you or someone you know is on or in need of psychiatric medications, yet would prefer to explore other ways to address their current circumstances, my practice is a great fit. This may include those who have tried multiple medications in the past and have had less then optimal success, found that they are very sensitive to medication effects, or wish to explore alternatives such as; learning mind/emotion/stress management skills, herbal or supplement alternatives (orthomolecular medicine), and spiritual practices to support their healing process.
I would rather teach a skill than prescribe a pill, but I will. In other words, if you or someone you know is on or in need of psychiatric medications, yet would prefer to explore other ways to address their current circumstances, my practice is a great fit. This may include those who have tried multiple medications in the past and have had less then optimal success, found that they are very sensitive to medication effects, or wish to explore alternatives such as; learning mind/emotion/stress management skills, herbal or supplement alternatives (orthomolecular medicine), and spiritual practices to support their healing process.
(949) 482-4344 View (949) 482-4344
Nicole Jones
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Troy, MI 48083
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent & adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Dr Lemmen, Kristi Ramirez and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and ongoing collaboration with you to find the right dose to help you to feel and function at your best. If counseling is needed we can refer you to one of our Best Fit Counseling specialists.
We have immediate openings anywhere in Michigan for child, adolescent & adult psychiatric and counseling services at times that work for you. Dr Lemmen, Kristi Ramirez and I will provide comprehensive assessments to help you make informed decisions regarding your best treatment options. For many problems medication can be an extremely helpful tool. We specialize in finding the right medication(s) and ongoing collaboration with you to find the right dose to help you to feel and function at your best. If counseling is needed we can refer you to one of our Best Fit Counseling specialists.
(734) 548-9953 View (734) 548-9953

Nearby Weight Loss Psychiatrists Searches for Detroit

See More Weight Loss Psychiatrists
Weight Loss Psychiatrists

What is the relationship between weight management and mental health?

Mental health can be significantly influenced by one's physical health, so overall improvements in one's quality of life as a result of improved physical functioning from weight loss can have an overall positive impact on an individual's mental health and allow them to engage more readily in everyday activities. In addition, many strategies used to manage weight, such as exercise and maintaining a healthy diet, are also associated with reducing the symptoms of common mental health conditions, such as anxiety or depression. Individuals may also benefit from the improved self-esteem and self-efficacy that can come with successful weight management.

What is the psychological approach to losing weight?

While there are no specific therapy modalities specifically for weight loss, common psychological therapies can be highly effective in helping clients make lasting lifestyle changes. This may be called the "psychological approach" to weight loss because it does not rely on physical interventions, such as medication or weight loss surgery, to help clients lose weight. Weight loss counseling can be used in addition to or instead of such physical interventions. Some clients simply seek therapy to address the challenges that may accompany weight loss in general, including negative thoughts surrounding their body, disordered eating patterns, or difficulty completing daily tasks as a result of their weight challenges. In such cases, therapists will often utilize behavioral coaching or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques to help clients understand how their thoughts may be influencing their diet and physical activity patterns.

What type of therapy is commonly used in weight loss counseling?

Weight loss counseling often involves a combination of therapy and psychoeducation. Common techniques used by weight loss counselors include journaling, thought diaries, and other Cognitive Behavioral Therapy strategies that encourage clients to consider how their feelings about their weight loss impact their mental health. Weight loss counselors may also teach clients mindfulness exercises, which can be used by clients during and after eating to be more aware of physical cues from their body surrounding eating. Some clients looking for weight loss therapy may also benefit from group therapy approaches, which utilize the power of social connection and accountability to help clients adhere to their weight loss plan.

Is therapy recommended for individuals undergoing bariatric surgery?

While therapy is not a requirement for individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, many individuals undergoing weight loss surgery may benefit from seeing a counselor. Prior to surgery, counselors can help clients decide whether surgical weight loss is a good fit for them and assist in surgery preparation. Post-surgery, counselors can assist clients with the psychological component of maintaining their weight loss, as well as help clients navigate any postoperative pain. Throughout the surgical process, therapists can help clients process body-image challenges that may come with dramatic changes in weight, as well as manage symptoms of anxiety or depression that may accompany the major life changes bariatric surgery can bring.