Photo of Jasmine Velez, MSN, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Jasmine Velez
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
Worcester, MA 01606
Waitlist for new clients
Accepting New Patients for Medication Management, experience in treating children and adults summer 2024. Mental health is the foundation of an individual's overall health. We focus on an integrative treatment approach emphasizing making life changes in addition to treatment with medication. To create a well-rounded treatment plan, we work with our clients to develop an understanding of their unique stressors and pressures of everyday life.
Accepting New Patients for Medication Management, experience in treating children and adults summer 2024. Mental health is the foundation of an individual's overall health. We focus on an integrative treatment approach emphasizing making life changes in addition to treatment with medication. To create a well-rounded treatment plan, we work with our clients to develop an understanding of their unique stressors and pressures of everyday life.
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Photo of Massiel Reyes, PMHNP , FNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Massiel Reyes
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP , FNP, BC
Verified Verified
Newburyport, MA 01950  (Online Only)
At my online practice, I offer psychiatric evaluations for adolescents and adults.
Hi I'm thrilled to be your guide on the path to improved mental health here at Healing Through Psychiatry. I am a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, and I'm passionate about providing holistic care that addresses both the mind and body for teens and adults. My approach combines evidence-based practices, therapeutic techniques, and an understanding of cultural nuances to meet your unique needs, whether you're a teen navigating the challenges of adolescence or an adult seeking balance. Embark on a transformative journey with me, from the comfort of your home. Mental wellbeing matters, and I'm here to support you.
At my online practice, I offer psychiatric evaluations for adolescents and adults.
Hi I'm thrilled to be your guide on the path to improved mental health here at Healing Through Psychiatry. I am a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, and I'm passionate about providing holistic care that addresses both the mind and body for teens and adults. My approach combines evidence-based practices, therapeutic techniques, and an understanding of cultural nuances to meet your unique needs, whether you're a teen navigating the challenges of adolescence or an adult seeking balance. Embark on a transformative journey with me, from the comfort of your home. Mental wellbeing matters, and I'm here to support you.
(978) 541-3607 View (978) 541-3607
Photo of Holistic Behavioral Health Services Llc - Holistic Behavioral Health Services LLC , MSN, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Holistic Behavioral Health Services LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
Dracut, MA 01826
We treat children, adolescents and adults.
Holistic Behavioral Health Services provides both outpatient and tele-psychiatry mental health services in Dracut and surrounding areas. Tele-psychiatry services are provided in the comfort of your home using a computer/ a phone. We accepting new patients. Evening and weekend hours are available to those busy during office hours. Board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with training and experience across the lifespan in outpatient settings.
We treat children, adolescents and adults.
Holistic Behavioral Health Services provides both outpatient and tele-psychiatry mental health services in Dracut and surrounding areas. Tele-psychiatry services are provided in the comfort of your home using a computer/ a phone. We accepting new patients. Evening and weekend hours are available to those busy during office hours. Board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with training and experience across the lifespan in outpatient settings.
(978) 693-5001 View (978) 693-5001
Photo of Jeffrey Lucero, MSN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Jeffrey Lucero
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02115
We provide "thoughtful psychiatry" for adults, adolescents, and children.
Welcome. Thoughtful Psychiatry is a group of psychiatric providers devoted to providing a "thoughtful" approach to psychiatric care. The practice consists of multiple psychiatric prescribers that have extensive training in psychotherapy. While we believe that medications can be very helpful, we insist on providing more than medication for our patients.
We provide "thoughtful psychiatry" for adults, adolescents, and children.
Welcome. Thoughtful Psychiatry is a group of psychiatric providers devoted to providing a "thoughtful" approach to psychiatric care. The practice consists of multiple psychiatric prescribers that have extensive training in psychotherapy. While we believe that medications can be very helpful, we insist on providing more than medication for our patients.
(781) 679-5270 View (781) 679-5270
Photo of Carly Ramos, MSN, RN, PMNHP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Carly Ramos
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, RN, PMNHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Newbury, MA 01951
I am certified to treat children, adolescents and adults and posses expertise in psychopharmacological (medication) treatments for ADHD, anxiety, depression and mood disorders.
I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner clinically educated in treating patients with mental health diagnoses across the lifespan. I obtained my master's degree in Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nursing from Northeastern University in Boston, MA. Prior to becoming an advanced practice nurse I was the Nursing Director at the Ivy Street School in Brookline- a residential and day school specializing in treatment for adolescents aged 12-22 struggling with chronic mental health issues, behavioral dysregulation, Autism, ADHD, intellectual disabilities and traumatic brain injuries.
I am certified to treat children, adolescents and adults and posses expertise in psychopharmacological (medication) treatments for ADHD, anxiety, depression and mood disorders.
I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner clinically educated in treating patients with mental health diagnoses across the lifespan. I obtained my master's degree in Advanced Practice Psychiatric Nursing from Northeastern University in Boston, MA. Prior to becoming an advanced practice nurse I was the Nursing Director at the Ivy Street School in Brookline- a residential and day school specializing in treatment for adolescents aged 12-22 struggling with chronic mental health issues, behavioral dysregulation, Autism, ADHD, intellectual disabilities and traumatic brain injuries.
(978) 295-2974 View (978) 295-2974
Photo of Annet M Kabuusu - Global Behavioral Healthcare LLC, MPH, MSN, PMHNP, -BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Global Behavioral Healthcare LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MPH, MSN, PMHNP, -BC
Verified Verified
Springfield, MA 01103
I have specialized interest in children and adolescents but also I treat adults.
Global Behavioral Healthcare provides both outpatient and tele-psychiatry mental health services in Springfield areas. Tele-psychiatry services are provided in the comfort of your home using a computer/ a phone. Currently accepting new patients. Evening and weekend hours are available to those busy during office hours. Global Behavioral Healthcare is the home of Annet Kabuusu, a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with training and experience across the lifespan in hospitals, emergency room and outpatient settings
I have specialized interest in children and adolescents but also I treat adults.
Global Behavioral Healthcare provides both outpatient and tele-psychiatry mental health services in Springfield areas. Tele-psychiatry services are provided in the comfort of your home using a computer/ a phone. Currently accepting new patients. Evening and weekend hours are available to those busy during office hours. Global Behavioral Healthcare is the home of Annet Kabuusu, a board certified psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner with training and experience across the lifespan in hospitals, emergency room and outpatient settings
(857) 239-0930 View (857) 239-0930
Photo of Claudio O. Toppelberg, MD, Psychiatrist
Claudio O. Toppelberg
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Boston, MA 02120
In his work with adults, his approach is collaborative and deeply respectful of individual preferences.
Dr. Toppelberg is an experienced, Harvard-trained child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist, usually working with ages 3-30. He evaluates and treats emotional/ behavioral difficulties including ADHD, depression, trauma, stress, anxiety, and selective mutism, and those preventing weight loss. He has focused on issues of performance at work, study and competitive sports. He regularly works with tour-level tennis players and other professional and student athletes. He is an expert in neurodevelopmental disabilities, as well as learning and language disabilities. He runs psychiatric services at an excellent school for children/adolescents with autism and other neurodevelopmental disabilities, the prestigious New England Center for Children.
In his work with adults, his approach is collaborative and deeply respectful of individual preferences.
Dr. Toppelberg is an experienced, Harvard-trained child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist, usually working with ages 3-30. He evaluates and treats emotional/ behavioral difficulties including ADHD, depression, trauma, stress, anxiety, and selective mutism, and those preventing weight loss. He has focused on issues of performance at work, study and competitive sports. He regularly works with tour-level tennis players and other professional and student athletes. He is an expert in neurodevelopmental disabilities, as well as learning and language disabilities. He runs psychiatric services at an excellent school for children/adolescents with autism and other neurodevelopmental disabilities, the prestigious New England Center for Children.
(617) 681-7184 View (617) 681-7184
Photo of Margery Walentuk, MSN,   FMHNP, -BC, CARN-NP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Margery Walentuk
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, FMHNP, -BC, CARN-NP
Verified Verified
Newburyport, MA 01950
I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with the unique combination of 14 years as a School Nurse as well as 20 years with a variety of inpatient and outpatient community based Mental Health clinics. This background allows me to support the child as well as the family and offer clients the opportunity for medication management in conjunction with psychiatric evaluations, collaboration with school personnel and psychotherapists, and appropriate referrals. This comprehensive approach delivers the opportunity to achieve the optimum health in all areas for children age 6 and older, adolescents and adults.
I am a board certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner with the unique combination of 14 years as a School Nurse as well as 20 years with a variety of inpatient and outpatient community based Mental Health clinics. This background allows me to support the child as well as the family and offer clients the opportunity for medication management in conjunction with psychiatric evaluations, collaboration with school personnel and psychotherapists, and appropriate referrals. This comprehensive approach delivers the opportunity to achieve the optimum health in all areas for children age 6 and older, adolescents and adults.
(978) 666-0326 View (978) 666-0326
Photo of Rita Asiegbunam, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Rita Asiegbunam
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Taunton, MA 02780
Rita enjoys working with a diverse population of children, adolescents, and adults, by helping them feel confident while making sure their mental health goals are met accordingly.
Rita is a psychiatric Mental Health Nurse practitioner who has worked in the behavioral health field for over 15 years using professional skills to evaluate and offer excellent patient care using evidence-based practice.
Rita enjoys working with a diverse population of children, adolescents, and adults, by helping them feel confident while making sure their mental health goals are met accordingly.
Rita is a psychiatric Mental Health Nurse practitioner who has worked in the behavioral health field for over 15 years using professional skills to evaluate and offer excellent patient care using evidence-based practice.
(774) 214-2798 View (774) 214-2798
Photo of Fauzia Wali Khan - Spectrum Neuro Behavioral Care ( SNBCare ), MD, PMHNP, LICSW, Psychiatrist
Spectrum Neuro Behavioral Care ( SNBCare )
Psychiatrist, MD, PMHNP, LICSW
Verified Verified
Framingham, MA 01702  (Online Only)
SNBCare is a multidisciplinary group of dedicated professionals, providing the best quality care for a wide range of outpatient mental health services. We have been serving adults, families, and couples for over a decade in a caring, patient-friendly environment. We are offering Telemedicine and Teletherapy through video to all who want to be seen during this time, as well as TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation). We accept almost all insurances. We are currently accepting new patients for telemedicine, teletherapy, and TMS and would be honored to support you on your journey to mental wellness.
SNBCare is a multidisciplinary group of dedicated professionals, providing the best quality care for a wide range of outpatient mental health services. We have been serving adults, families, and couples for over a decade in a caring, patient-friendly environment. We are offering Telemedicine and Teletherapy through video to all who want to be seen during this time, as well as TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation). We accept almost all insurances. We are currently accepting new patients for telemedicine, teletherapy, and TMS and would be honored to support you on your journey to mental wellness.
(508) 271-7198 View (508) 271-7198
Photo of Suzanne Femino, APRN, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Suzanne Femino
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN
Verified Verified
Marblehead, MA 01945
It is important for each person to feel a connection with a provider. My hope is to individualize care, treat each person with respect, and enhance a sense of wellbeing. Although I work with different ages, I specialize in working with adolescents and young adults. I offer medication management and psychotherapy in Marblehead, MA and Glastonbury CT.
It is important for each person to feel a connection with a provider. My hope is to individualize care, treat each person with respect, and enhance a sense of wellbeing. Although I work with different ages, I specialize in working with adolescents and young adults. I offer medication management and psychotherapy in Marblehead, MA and Glastonbury CT.
(860) 544-5934 View (860) 544-5934
Photo of Sherley Boisvert Msn Pmhnp-Bc, MSN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Sherley Boisvert Msn Pmhnp-Bc
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Brookline, MA 02446
Medication Management: Experienced, Personalized, Empathic, Insurance covered! ... Hello! My name is Sherley, and I would be honored to learn about your journey and how I can help you. Send me a message and let me know what you are looking for. Thank you! → Your Trusted Partner in a Collaborative Therapeutic Relationship: I take a collaborative approach with my patients, and I am dedicated to active listening, understanding, respect, and kindness, all while adhering to evidence-based research and the highest ethical standards of patient-centered care. → Experienced: over 20 years of clinical experience.
Medication Management: Experienced, Personalized, Empathic, Insurance covered! ... Hello! My name is Sherley, and I would be honored to learn about your journey and how I can help you. Send me a message and let me know what you are looking for. Thank you! → Your Trusted Partner in a Collaborative Therapeutic Relationship: I take a collaborative approach with my patients, and I am dedicated to active listening, understanding, respect, and kindness, all while adhering to evidence-based research and the highest ethical standards of patient-centered care. → Experienced: over 20 years of clinical experience.
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Photo of Christiana A Nsoh, M, H, N, P, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Christiana A Nsoh
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, M, H, N, P
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lawrence, MA 01840
Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health NP, Licensed in MA and NH, accepting new patients in person/telehealth. Do you have Anxiety, ADD/ADHD, Depression, Bipolar, Trauma, Addiction etc? You are not alone, many Americans are facing similar problem, we will utilize a holistic approach, developed skills and implement comprehensive treatment plans, fostering a supportive environment for your recovery. High-quality individualized care, emphasizing on empathy and effective communication. I believe in the power of listening and strive to be a compassionate leader, your worries are mine too and no one is above mental illness.
Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health NP, Licensed in MA and NH, accepting new patients in person/telehealth. Do you have Anxiety, ADD/ADHD, Depression, Bipolar, Trauma, Addiction etc? You are not alone, many Americans are facing similar problem, we will utilize a holistic approach, developed skills and implement comprehensive treatment plans, fostering a supportive environment for your recovery. High-quality individualized care, emphasizing on empathy and effective communication. I believe in the power of listening and strive to be a compassionate leader, your worries are mine too and no one is above mental illness.
(978) 543-1846 View (978) 543-1846
Photo of Dr. Leonardo Batista - Mental Health Mastery Group, LLC, MD, FAPA, Psychiatrist
Mental Health Mastery Group, LLC
Psychiatrist, MD, FAPA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plainville, MA 02762  (Online Only)
MHMG was founded by Dr. Leonardo Batista, a distinguished psychiatrist and behavioral health officer with extensive experience in academic, hospital, and military settings. Dr. Batista’s mission is to empower individuals in the medical and mental health field to master their skills and achieve excellence.
MHMG was founded by Dr. Leonardo Batista, a distinguished psychiatrist and behavioral health officer with extensive experience in academic, hospital, and military settings. Dr. Batista’s mission is to empower individuals in the medical and mental health field to master their skills and achieve excellence.
(508) 501-8282 View (508) 501-8282
Photo of Andrea Soto, MD, Psychiatrist
Andrea Soto
Psychiatrist, MD
Verified Verified
Newton, MA 02460
I am co-founder and psychiatrist at Nest Psychiatry PLLC, a practice specializing in women facing mental health conditions. I treat women seeking care for general psychiatric disorders including anxiety, depression, bipolar illness, trauma spectrum disorders, and ADHD. I also treat psychiatric concerns related to the reproductive cycle such as symptoms that arise with menstruation, infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause.
I am co-founder and psychiatrist at Nest Psychiatry PLLC, a practice specializing in women facing mental health conditions. I treat women seeking care for general psychiatric disorders including anxiety, depression, bipolar illness, trauma spectrum disorders, and ADHD. I also treat psychiatric concerns related to the reproductive cycle such as symptoms that arise with menstruation, infertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and perimenopause.
(857) 597-2919 View (857) 597-2919
Photo of Hilda A Epelle - Rising Behavioral Help Center, APRN, MSN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Rising Behavioral Help Center
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APRN, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Quincy, MA 02169
With more than 10 years of clinical and leadership experience in healthcare, I have a deep interest in exploring and developing care plans that optimally balance the application ratios of medications and other therapy techniques in the craft of patients' behavioral and mental care plans. I am also a clinical instructor and have continued to train aspiring student practitioners in the mental health field independently.
With more than 10 years of clinical and leadership experience in healthcare, I have a deep interest in exploring and developing care plans that optimally balance the application ratios of medications and other therapy techniques in the craft of patients' behavioral and mental care plans. I am also a clinical instructor and have continued to train aspiring student practitioners in the mental health field independently.
(617) 977-6282 View (617) 977-6282
Photo of Elena Cetola - Good Hope Wellness, Inc, MSN, APRN, CNP, PMHNP, LICSW, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Good Hope Wellness, Inc
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, CNP, PMHNP, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Somerset, MA 02726
Currently accepting with NO WAIT time! We are a group private practice with different providers, which allows you to find the connection that is necessary for you to work on your symptoms. At the moment, we are open to treat individuals age 14+, but will soon be opening slots for children.
Currently accepting with NO WAIT time! We are a group private practice with different providers, which allows you to find the connection that is necessary for you to work on your symptoms. At the moment, we are open to treat individuals age 14+, but will soon be opening slots for children.
(508) 281-1064 View (508) 281-1064
Photo of Daniel Gonzalez, MD, MPH, Psychiatrist
Daniel Gonzalez
Psychiatrist, MD, MPH
Verified Verified
Boston, MA 02116  (Online Only)
Do you have difficulty feeling at peace? Do you struggle with finding your voice, unable to fully embrace who you are? Is it difficult for you to accept yourself, or challenging to navigate your life, given your current environment or community? These are certainly distressing feelings that can contribute to restlessness, anxiety, or depression. They can be debilitating and keep you from living the life you envision. I believe we are multi-faceted individuals, with dynamic and evolving features, who are both capable and deserving of living with a greater sense of fulfillment and connectedness.
Do you have difficulty feeling at peace? Do you struggle with finding your voice, unable to fully embrace who you are? Is it difficult for you to accept yourself, or challenging to navigate your life, given your current environment or community? These are certainly distressing feelings that can contribute to restlessness, anxiety, or depression. They can be debilitating and keep you from living the life you envision. I believe we are multi-faceted individuals, with dynamic and evolving features, who are both capable and deserving of living with a greater sense of fulfillment and connectedness.
(508) 859-7833 View (508) 859-7833
Photo of Shaun Spanos - Vibrant Minds and Wellness, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Vibrant Minds and Wellness
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Wakefield, MA 01880
Accepting new patients, no wait time and same day appointments available.Meet our team: Carmen Guy,MSN,PMHNP-BC, FNP-BC is a double board certified nurse practitioner who is bilingual, and is able to provide care to Spanish speaking patients, (se habla Espanol) and Shaun Spanos, MSN, PMHNP-BC are esteemed healthcare professionals that bring a wealth of expertise, we are committed to providing comprehensive psychiatric and wellness solutions to our community.
Accepting new patients, no wait time and same day appointments available.Meet our team: Carmen Guy,MSN,PMHNP-BC, FNP-BC is a double board certified nurse practitioner who is bilingual, and is able to provide care to Spanish speaking patients, (se habla Espanol) and Shaun Spanos, MSN, PMHNP-BC are esteemed healthcare professionals that bring a wealth of expertise, we are committed to providing comprehensive psychiatric and wellness solutions to our community.
(339) 218-5822 View (339) 218-5822
Photo of Eugenio Bortoloto-Neto, MSN, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner
Eugenio Bortoloto-Neto
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West Springfield, MA 01089  (Online Only)
With over five years of dedicated experience as a psychiatric nurse practitioner, my focus has centered on adult and geriatric mental health. During this time, I have honed my skills to prioritize the well-being of my clients. I firmly believe in setting realistic expectations and fostering collaborative relationships as essential elements of effective mental health care. In my practice, education plays a pivotal role. I am passionate about empowering my clients with knowledge. It's not just about prescribing medication; it's about equipping individuals with the understanding they need to grasp their health conditions fully.
With over five years of dedicated experience as a psychiatric nurse practitioner, my focus has centered on adult and geriatric mental health. During this time, I have honed my skills to prioritize the well-being of my clients. I firmly believe in setting realistic expectations and fostering collaborative relationships as essential elements of effective mental health care. In my practice, education plays a pivotal role. I am passionate about empowering my clients with knowledge. It's not just about prescribing medication; it's about equipping individuals with the understanding they need to grasp their health conditions fully.
(413) 402-6604 x512 View (413) 402-6604 x512

Online Psychiatrists

Is online therapy as effective as in-person?

Numerous studies suggest that online therapy can be as effective as in-person therapy. However, further research is needed to determine if online therapy provides the same benefits across all client populations. Individuals with severe mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, or those who may benefit from in-person check-ins, like those with eating disorders, may not experience the same level of benefit from online therapy. Nonetheless, the success of online therapy, much like in-person therapy, often hinges on the quality of the therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the client rather than the specific modality of therapy used.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of therapy conducted online?

One of the main advantages of online therapy is its convenience for both clients and therapists. It also allows clients who require specialized therapy to access a wider range of professionals than they could with only in-person sessions. Additionally, online therapy may be a more affordable option in some cases and often offers the same insurance benefits as in-person therapy. However, online therapy may not be suitable for everyone, especially those who value face-to-face interaction with a therapist. Therapists may find it more challenging to assess clients accurately in an online setting due to reduced nonverbal cues on camera. There is also the increased risk that disruptions caused by external factors, such as technology malfunctions, can hinder the therapy session. For these reasons, many therapists offer a "hybrid" therapeutic approach, alternating between seeing clients in-person and online.

Is online therapy suitable for children and adolescents?

Just like with adults, the accessibility and convenience of online therapy can greatly benefit children and adolescents. In fact, children and adolescents may be more accustomed to navigating online platforms than older adults, making online sessions feel more natural for them. Teens might also be interested in using additional online tools, such as therapist-recommended apps, as an adjunct to online therapy sessions. Apps for developing CBT skills, practicing mindfulness exercises, or tracking thoughts and moods can be helpful for teens receiving therapy. However, it's important to note that not all therapeutic modalities are well-suited to online therapy, especially those used with younger children. For example, play therapy, which helps younger children express their emotions, often requires in-person sessions to be fully effective.

Can I receive prescriptions and medication management with online therapy?

The ability for psychiatrists to prescribe medications through online therapy varies based on the medication and the states where the medical professional and client are located. While many prescribing regulations were relaxed during the COVID-19 pandemic, some states still enforce rules, especially concerning controlled substances, which may mandate an in-person visit before prescribing. Generally, however, medical professionals can prescribe non-controlled substances through online therapy sessions just as they do during in-person sessions.