Chronic Pain Psychiatrists in Naperville, IL
![Photo of Jamie Lee, DPT, DNP, PMHNP, FNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2812b9fa-5227-4839-ab54-94201fd297ac/2/320x400.jpeg)
Jamie Lee
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DPT, DNP, PMHNP, FNP
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60565 (Online Only)
Dr. Jamie Lee is a dual-licensed nurse practitioner and physical therapist. He is one of the only clinicians in the country to hold a doctorate in both professions. He is double board-certified in psychiatric mental health (PMHNP) and family practice (FNP). He is also residency-trained and board-certified in orthopedic physical therapy (visit drjamielee.com for info). He is the CEO of Equanimity Health (www.eqmyhealth.com), where he provides psychotherapy and medication management. He also works at Glaser & Randhawa Mental Group in Countryside, where he works with a multidisciplinary team to provide psychiatric care (age 6 & up).
Dr. Jamie Lee is a dual-licensed nurse practitioner and physical therapist. He is one of the only clinicians in the country to hold a doctorate in both professions. He is double board-certified in psychiatric mental health (PMHNP) and family practice (FNP). He is also residency-trained and board-certified in orthopedic physical therapy (visit drjamielee.com for info). He is the CEO of Equanimity Health (www.eqmyhealth.com), where he provides psychotherapy and medication management. He also works at Glaser & Randhawa Mental Group in Countryside, where he works with a multidisciplinary team to provide psychiatric care (age 6 & up).
![Photo of Gundu Anupama Reddy - Illinois Telepsychiatry, MD, MBBS, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/34898339-0fb0-485e-9ee4-3b5cdcd3a2b3/1/320x400.jpeg)
Illinois Telepsychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Naperville, IL 60540 (Online Only)
Dr. Gundu Reddy is licensed in Illinois. Prior to starting a residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine, she pursued additional research in HIV Psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU Psychoanalytic Institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr. Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is licensed in Illinois. Prior to starting a residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine, she pursued additional research in HIV Psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU Psychoanalytic Institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr. Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
![Photo of Matthew Barnes (Addiction Treatment), PA-C, Physician Assistant](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1da7a667-0503-4acb-8930-6e705e223578/1/320x400.jpeg)
Matthew Barnes (Addiction Treatment)
Physician Assistant, PA-C
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60564
Don't settle for a generic drug and alcohol psychiatrist. You deserve help that actually helps you feel happy again. (And, that's in-network with your insurance).
Don't settle for a generic drug and alcohol psychiatrist. You deserve help that actually helps you feel happy again. (And, that's in-network with your insurance).
![Photo of Kimberly Lopez, CNP, APRN, ADHDCCS, CCTP-II, DNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/058ddce2-3b04-4de0-9dac-cb4f7cf27dfc/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kimberly Lopez
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, CNP, APRN, ADHDCCS, CCTP-II, DNP
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60563
I am a Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist Intensive Training (ASDCS), Certified ADHD Clinical Services Provider (ADHD-CCSP), Certified Complex PTSD and Trauma (CCTP-II). I assess, diagnose, and treat all ages of life; from pediatric to geriatric. Each patient is unique in what their needs are, and will be treated to meet those needs.
I am a Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist Intensive Training (ASDCS), Certified ADHD Clinical Services Provider (ADHD-CCSP), Certified Complex PTSD and Trauma (CCTP-II). I assess, diagnose, and treat all ages of life; from pediatric to geriatric. Each patient is unique in what their needs are, and will be treated to meet those needs.
![Photo of Pascale Kidane - VirtualPsychiatricCare.com, MSN, APRN, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/006f3f9f-8ab9-4c13-8adc-7481304b4901/2/320x400.jpeg)
VirtualPsychiatricCare.com
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60565 (Online Only)
Accepting new Illinois patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. We treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. My clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make an appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours are available. We offer affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups $99. Accepting Optum/UHC/UBH, BCBS of IL insurances.
Accepting new Illinois patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. We treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. My clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make an appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours are available. We offer affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups $99. Accepting Optum/UHC/UBH, BCBS of IL insurances.
![Photo of Elizabeth Birkey - Liz Healthcare and Psychiatry , DNP, APRN, CNM, FNP, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/02e011b1-7ec3-4809-a164-c8dd4eb75c1b/2/320x400.jpeg)
Liz Healthcare and Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APRN, CNM, FNP, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Naperville, IL 60540 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am here to help support you as your healthcare provider. I am here to help you engage in the treatment that will help you to meet your goals. I am here to listen, provide medication management and psychotherapy. I have cared for children, women, men and the older adult throughout my practice a healthcare provider.
I am here to help support you as your healthcare provider. I am here to help you engage in the treatment that will help you to meet your goals. I am here to listen, provide medication management and psychotherapy. I have cared for children, women, men and the older adult throughout my practice a healthcare provider.
More Psychiatrists Nearby
![Photo of Evan O Foster Deranja, MD, PhD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/959d9860-473e-4f2d-b13b-0d19b21e1b51/2/320x400.jpeg)
My ideal patient is one who is willing and motivated to work together with me, as a team, to help figure out what is contributing to their struggles and how to work through it. It's frequently an iterative process whereby we make progress together over time. Sometimes it seems relatively simple, but frequently it's not. The keys are to keep going, to keep working at it, to never give up, to not shy away from complexity, and to be willing to begin anywhere. The wisdom of knowing when to keep working at solving a problem vs when to work towards acceptance is only achieved through our authentic best efforts over time.
My ideal patient is one who is willing and motivated to work together with me, as a team, to help figure out what is contributing to their struggles and how to work through it. It's frequently an iterative process whereby we make progress together over time. Sometimes it seems relatively simple, but frequently it's not. The keys are to keep going, to keep working at it, to never give up, to not shy away from complexity, and to be willing to begin anywhere. The wisdom of knowing when to keep working at solving a problem vs when to work towards acceptance is only achieved through our authentic best efforts over time.
![Photo of Shalu Gugnani (Addiction Treatment), MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/94a33319-4bdb-4106-8b4e-c70b5c09da20/1/320x400.jpeg)
Don't settle for a generic psychiatrist for drug and alcohol issues. You deserve help that actually helps you feel happy again. (And, that's in-network with your insurance).
Don't settle for a generic psychiatrist for drug and alcohol issues. You deserve help that actually helps you feel happy again. (And, that's in-network with your insurance).
![Photo of Pascale Kidane - VirtualPsychiatricCare.com, MSN, APRN, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7b94a88f-f7e6-4361-b1ee-84abab4fe908/2/320x400.jpeg)
VirtualPsychiatricCare.com
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN
Verified Verified
Aurora, IL 60502 (Online Only)
Accepting new Illinois patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. I treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. Our clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make an appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours are available. We offer affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups $99. Accepting some insurances.
Accepting new Illinois patients via telehealth visits for psychiatric evaluations and medication management. I treat anyone suffering with depression, anxiety, or other mental health issue adversely affecting optimal functioning at work, deterring their best social self, or preventing being fully present for loved ones. Our clients are looking to be properly diagnosed and treated using the safest prescribing principles. Make an appointment on our website today. Evening and weekend hours are available. We offer affordable rates-Initial Psychiatric Eval $199, Follow-ups $99. Accepting some insurances.
![Photo of Janine Watters, NP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9fa3e7aa-3855-4d99-8f50-0ada2e28dc5a/2/320x400.png)
Janine Watters is a compassionate Nurse Practitioner specializing in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMHNP-BC) based in Illinois. With a clinical focus spanning a broad age range from 6 to 65+, Janine has a particular affinity for adolescents and young adults. She possesses a wealth of expertise in addressing various mental health concerns and is committed to delivering individualized care. In her practice, Janine prioritizes thorough and genuine listening to understand the unique needs of her clients.
Janine Watters is a compassionate Nurse Practitioner specializing in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMHNP-BC) based in Illinois. With a clinical focus spanning a broad age range from 6 to 65+, Janine has a particular affinity for adolescents and young adults. She possesses a wealth of expertise in addressing various mental health concerns and is committed to delivering individualized care. In her practice, Janine prioritizes thorough and genuine listening to understand the unique needs of her clients.
![Photo of Gundu Reddy - Illinois Telepsychiatry, MD, MBBS, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/da9e6c63-fccb-4443-bf28-679a92acbe67/1/320x400.jpeg)
Illinois Telepsychiatry
Psychiatrist, MD, MBBS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Aurora, IL 60505 (Online Only)
Dr. Gundu Reddy is licensed in Illinois. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV Psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU Psychoanalytic Institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr. Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
Dr. Gundu Reddy is licensed in Illinois. Prior to starting residency at Mount Sinai School of medicine she pursued additional research in HIV Psychiatry. As well as residency training, she has also pursued further training in psychodynamic psychotherapy at the NYU Psychoanalytic Institute. She states that whether prescribing medication, family, or relationship therapy, understanding psychodynamic conflict and causes of symptoms will cause help to enhance the quality of care. As well as psychodynamic training Dr. Reddy also has a background in integrative psychiatry and treatment resistance.
Online Psychiatrists
![Photo of Robert Lloyd, MD, PhD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3fb1ecaf-5028-42c2-8479-e41060368da3/2/320x400.jpeg)
My expertise is in treating mood, trauma, anxiety, and attention-related disorders. I take an integrative approach in considering the brain-body connection to treat mental illness, while identifying physical, emotional, and cognitive factors that impact treatment. My background is at the interface of medicine and psychiatry and I support a collaborative, multi-modal approach to helping patients achieve functional improvement and recovery. I am currently accepting new patients and see all patients in person for the initial consultation.
My expertise is in treating mood, trauma, anxiety, and attention-related disorders. I take an integrative approach in considering the brain-body connection to treat mental illness, while identifying physical, emotional, and cognitive factors that impact treatment. My background is at the interface of medicine and psychiatry and I support a collaborative, multi-modal approach to helping patients achieve functional improvement and recovery. I am currently accepting new patients and see all patients in person for the initial consultation.
![Photo of Aiden Nicholson, APN, CNM, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8988516c-8398-45d3-8c25-1f2a272eb4be/1/320x400.jpeg)
Aiden Nicholson
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APN, CNM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613 (Online Only)
Trauma-informed and passionate about mental health, I bring personal and professional experience to folx facing anxiety, depression, and difficulties navigating the many challenges of life. Whether you are facing infertility, IVF/assisted reproduction, pregnancy loss, difficult and high-risk pregnancy, anxiety/depression during and after pregnancy, previous trauma, chronic pain, low sexual desire and sexual pain/ dysfunction, unhealthy relationships with food, or midlife changes, I want to support you to be your best self. I promise to provide a safe judgment-free space to persons seeking medication management and support.
Trauma-informed and passionate about mental health, I bring personal and professional experience to folx facing anxiety, depression, and difficulties navigating the many challenges of life. Whether you are facing infertility, IVF/assisted reproduction, pregnancy loss, difficult and high-risk pregnancy, anxiety/depression during and after pregnancy, previous trauma, chronic pain, low sexual desire and sexual pain/ dysfunction, unhealthy relationships with food, or midlife changes, I want to support you to be your best self. I promise to provide a safe judgment-free space to persons seeking medication management and support.
![Photo of Lauren Kofod, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/53831faa-6d71-47b7-a56e-0b2707edbb57/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am a double board certified psychiatrist with nearly 20 years of experience in treating adults with mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, eating disorders, and addictions. I have board certification in general psychiatry as well as consultation liaison psychiatry, which is the branch of psychiatry that focuses on how the mind and body interact in illness and in stress. My goal in working with patients is to listen and connect, helping to guide effective treatment which is both evidence-based as well as in line with the values of the patient.
I am a double board certified psychiatrist with nearly 20 years of experience in treating adults with mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, eating disorders, and addictions. I have board certification in general psychiatry as well as consultation liaison psychiatry, which is the branch of psychiatry that focuses on how the mind and body interact in illness and in stress. My goal in working with patients is to listen and connect, helping to guide effective treatment which is both evidence-based as well as in line with the values of the patient.
![Photo of Amy Yang - Amy J Yang MD LLC, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/44abe2df-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/1/320x400.jpeg)
My interests include immigration, identity, and chronic pain or illness in self or family.
I work with people interested in forming a relationship, primarily through therapy or therapy combined with medication work. I employ a whole-body approach and I can incorporate complementary modalities for integrative healing. I approach with understanding mental health issues through individual lens as well as family, social and cultural context. I love working with students, those from different cultural backgrounds, as well as those in the education and medical/mental health professions. My goal is to facilitate each person to find their own path in the midst of their healthcare journey.
My interests include immigration, identity, and chronic pain or illness in self or family.
I work with people interested in forming a relationship, primarily through therapy or therapy combined with medication work. I employ a whole-body approach and I can incorporate complementary modalities for integrative healing. I approach with understanding mental health issues through individual lens as well as family, social and cultural context. I love working with students, those from different cultural backgrounds, as well as those in the education and medical/mental health professions. My goal is to facilitate each person to find their own path in the midst of their healthcare journey.
![Photo of Alexander E. Obolsky, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/49741fad-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
From time to time, our lives take an unexpected turn for the worse. We may suffer injury; succumb to physical or emotional illness, or experience conflict, loss, misfortune. Trauma and chronic disability may affect our loved ones or us. Life adversities may temporarily overwhelm our ability to carry on. We may turn pessimistic, doubtful, and hopeless. Feel demoralized, worried, and anxious. Suffer sadness, distress, and anguish. Become angry and resentful. Feel distrustful and quarrel with others. Recognize our isolation and loneliness. At such times, we could benefit from a psychiatric evaluation and treatment, including psychotherapy and prescription medicine.
From time to time, our lives take an unexpected turn for the worse. We may suffer injury; succumb to physical or emotional illness, or experience conflict, loss, misfortune. Trauma and chronic disability may affect our loved ones or us. Life adversities may temporarily overwhelm our ability to carry on. We may turn pessimistic, doubtful, and hopeless. Feel demoralized, worried, and anxious. Suffer sadness, distress, and anguish. Become angry and resentful. Feel distrustful and quarrel with others. Recognize our isolation and loneliness. At such times, we could benefit from a psychiatric evaluation and treatment, including psychotherapy and prescription medicine.
![Photo of Connie Shyu, PA, Physician Assistant](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7a2138f4-77e7-45ab-823a-8bedd8e21991/2/320x400.jpeg)
Shyu treats patients between the ages of 18 and 99 years old Connie Shyu is a board certified Physician Assistant who treats a wide range of psychiatric conditions with special interest in anxiety, depression, PTSD, OCD, and women's issues like post partum/perimenopausal mood and anxiety conditions. Connie earned a B.S. from University of Illinois and an MA in Medical Sciences from Midwestern University in Downers Grove, IL. She practiced in a variety of medical specialties including pulmonary and sleep medicine, pain management, and inpatient and outpatient psychiatry.
Shyu treats patients between the ages of 18 and 99 years old Connie Shyu is a board certified Physician Assistant who treats a wide range of psychiatric conditions with special interest in anxiety, depression, PTSD, OCD, and women's issues like post partum/perimenopausal mood and anxiety conditions. Connie earned a B.S. from University of Illinois and an MA in Medical Sciences from Midwestern University in Downers Grove, IL. She practiced in a variety of medical specialties including pulmonary and sleep medicine, pain management, and inpatient and outpatient psychiatry.
![Photo of Kristine L Kitchener, BSN, MSN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8b474aaf-88cc-4909-b95f-282d0ed5e97e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kristine L Kitchener
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, BSN, MSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Joliet, IL 60435
As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, I have worked with individuals from 13 through end of life, couples, families and groups. I am most comfortable working with college students, midlife through geriatric age. I work with individuals struggling with PTSD, anxiety/depression, grief and loss, addiction/chemical illness, chronic pain, eating disorders, sexual abuse/trauma, and sleep disturbances.
As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, I have worked with individuals from 13 through end of life, couples, families and groups. I am most comfortable working with college students, midlife through geriatric age. I work with individuals struggling with PTSD, anxiety/depression, grief and loss, addiction/chemical illness, chronic pain, eating disorders, sexual abuse/trauma, and sleep disturbances.
![Photo of Kristine L Kitchener - Owl Tree Therapy, RN, BSN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/db647a36-8b97-4db8-b5f2-9962193ba7e9/1/320x400.png)
Owl Tree Therapy
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, RN, BSN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Joliet, IL 60435
As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, I have worked with individuals from 13 through end of life, couples, families and groups. I am most comfortable working with college students, midlife through geriatric age. I work with individuals struggling with PTSD, anxiety/depression, grief and loss, addiction/chemical illness, chronic pain, eating disorders, sexual abuse/trauma, and sleep disturbances.
As a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner, I have worked with individuals from 13 through end of life, couples, families and groups. I am most comfortable working with college students, midlife through geriatric age. I work with individuals struggling with PTSD, anxiety/depression, grief and loss, addiction/chemical illness, chronic pain, eating disorders, sexual abuse/trauma, and sleep disturbances.
![Photo of Richard P. Harris, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/423955ba-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
What are your symptoms? Anxiety, fatigue, avoidance, sleeplessness, back pain, procrastination, loneliness, anger outbursts..... All symptoms are experiences of pain (dis-ease) and/or ineffective behavior. Symptoms will occur when your "operating system" is overtaxed. My treatment approach focuses on reducing your symptoms and developing more strength and flexibility in your overall managing system, e.g., how you characteristically feel and act in the world. Due to known and as yet unknown problematic side effects of all prescription drugs, I use much safer and ultimately more powerful methods for symptom relief, prevention of recurrence and enduring health.
What are your symptoms? Anxiety, fatigue, avoidance, sleeplessness, back pain, procrastination, loneliness, anger outbursts..... All symptoms are experiences of pain (dis-ease) and/or ineffective behavior. Symptoms will occur when your "operating system" is overtaxed. My treatment approach focuses on reducing your symptoms and developing more strength and flexibility in your overall managing system, e.g., how you characteristically feel and act in the world. Due to known and as yet unknown problematic side effects of all prescription drugs, I use much safer and ultimately more powerful methods for symptom relief, prevention of recurrence and enduring health.
See more therapy options for Naperville
Nearby Chronic Pain Psychiatrists Searches for Naperville
- Arlington Heights
- Chicago
- Evanston
- Highland Park
- Joliet
- Northbrook
- Oak Park
- Orland Park
- Plainfield
- Schaumburg
- Vernon Hills
- Wilmette
Chronic Pain Psychiatrists
How does chronic pain therapy work?
Engaging with a psychotherapist to help treat chronic pain does not mean that one’s pain is all in their head. Therapy for chronic-pain patients has been shown to benefit both the mind and the body, targeting physical symptoms and increasing daily functioning. In other words, for many, addressing their emotional health through therapy affects their physical health. A therapist can help a client challenge unhelpful thoughts about pain and develop new ways to respond to it, such as distraction or calming breathing techniques. Studies have found that therapy can be as effective as surgery for certain cases of chronic pain and many doctors recommend trying psychotherapy in advance of considering invasive surgery.
What are the most effective treatment options for chronic pain?
Stress, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, ruminating, lack of activity, and social withdrawal all make chronic pain worse. Addressing these issues, research shows, can help people gain control over their pain symptoms. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, along with greater pain-management education, have been found to help people reduce fear and disability.
Are there new treatments for chronic pain?
Many cases of chronic pain, particularly those involving back pain, remain medically unexplained. But there is evidence that changes in the brain or nervous system are caused by previous physical ailments such as tissue damage; in such cases, the brain may continue to send out pain signals despite the physical cause having healed. To aid patients under these circumstances, a recently developed treatment known as pain reprocessing therapy (PRT) is designed to help the brain “unlearn” this response. A PRT practitioner helps individuals to reduce the “threat value” of their ongoing pain signals until they can reappraise them as less threatening and fear-inducing. They also help an individual to develop new emotional regulation skills.
How long does therapy for chronic pain take?
There is no set timeline for recovery from chronic pain, especially as there may be a range of physical and psychological causes for any individual’s discomfort, but most patients should expect to see a therapist for a number of weeks or months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions. Studies of pain reprocessing therapy found that many individuals’ experience of pain lessened in eight sessions over four weeks.