Depression Psychiatrists in Chicago, IL
![Photo of Melissa Vitale, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a0668a01-c72f-4f43-aff1-3186ff5a84a4/1/320x400.jpeg)
Melissa Vitale is currently accepting new patients. Melissa Vitale is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. She provides general psychiatric services for adult patients who are experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, or thought disorders such as schizophrenia. For every new patient, Melissa provides a comprehensive initial psychiatric assessment, and offers subsequent mental health treatment including medication management and individual psychotherapy.
Melissa Vitale is currently accepting new patients. Melissa Vitale is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. She provides general psychiatric services for adult patients who are experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, or thought disorders such as schizophrenia. For every new patient, Melissa provides a comprehensive initial psychiatric assessment, and offers subsequent mental health treatment including medication management and individual psychotherapy.
![Photo of Cathy Nguyen, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a6a74bc3-e6fd-4be5-8e74-0751b94bb6bc/1/320x400.png)
I am a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner specializing in treating depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, ADHD, and more. As a person of color and an LGBQTIA+ advocate, I will strive to ensure that all clients feel safe and receive culturally competent care. I will provide the best patient care possible by listening to my clients and utilizing motivational interviewing techniques. I believe that whole-body wellness and preventative care are essential to an individual’s mental state, which is why I will work with you to incorporate multiple modalities to achieve balance.
I am a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner specializing in treating depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, ADHD, and more. As a person of color and an LGBQTIA+ advocate, I will strive to ensure that all clients feel safe and receive culturally competent care. I will provide the best patient care possible by listening to my clients and utilizing motivational interviewing techniques. I believe that whole-body wellness and preventative care are essential to an individual’s mental state, which is why I will work with you to incorporate multiple modalities to achieve balance.
![Photo of Melissa Kalensky, DNP, PMHNP, FNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/53131107-565f-48f0-acab-1671a87b30fc/1/320x400.jpeg)
Melissa Kalensky
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, PMHNP, FNP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60622
Please call practice phone number or complete online request form through the website link to set up an initial appointment - I am a doctorally prepared, board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. I have a wide variety of experience with treating conditions such as anxiety, depression, and thought disorders across the lifespan. I am currently accepting pediatric (6yrs+), adolescent, and adult patients. I had a background in family practice prior to transitioning into psychiatry and thus love caring for both individuals and multiple generations of the same family.
Please call practice phone number or complete online request form through the website link to set up an initial appointment - I am a doctorally prepared, board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner. I have a wide variety of experience with treating conditions such as anxiety, depression, and thought disorders across the lifespan. I am currently accepting pediatric (6yrs+), adolescent, and adult patients. I had a background in family practice prior to transitioning into psychiatry and thus love caring for both individuals and multiple generations of the same family.
![Photo of Babatunde Ogundipe, MD, MPH, FAPA, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7cc06d09-f0f4-4c41-b1c7-72b7f1be9216/1/320x400.jpeg)
I have extensive training and interest in geriatric psychiatry (including but not limited to diagnosis and management of neurocognitive disorders) as well as PTSD, ADHD, sleep, movement, psychotic, anxiety and mood disorders (including TMS for depression).
Welcome to my page. My therapeutic approach addresses not only the psychological but also the biological (physical) and social factors that contribute to mental and overall health.
I have extensive training and interest in geriatric psychiatry (including but not limited to diagnosis and management of neurocognitive disorders) as well as PTSD, ADHD, sleep, movement, psychotic, anxiety and mood disorders (including TMS for depression).
Welcome to my page. My therapeutic approach addresses not only the psychological but also the biological (physical) and social factors that contribute to mental and overall health.
![Photo of Bernadette Namatovu, PMHNPBC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7297242a-4505-48db-adb0-4e38d3a59967/2/320x400.jpeg)
I provide medication management and Spravato to adult patients. With extensive experience in treating anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, suicidal ideation, women's issues, self-esteem, grief, mood disorders, personality disorders, and more. I listen attentively to understand each patient's unique story, review treatment histories, and collaborate to set clear goals for their mental health journey.
I provide medication management and Spravato to adult patients. With extensive experience in treating anxiety, depression, behavioral issues, suicidal ideation, women's issues, self-esteem, grief, mood disorders, personality disorders, and more. I listen attentively to understand each patient's unique story, review treatment histories, and collaborate to set clear goals for their mental health journey.
![Photo of Victoria Nee, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f29fcefe-3d4b-40ed-8d0d-32a8d2745ddb/5/320x400.jpeg)
Are you concerned your psychiatrist might diagnose & prescribe medication ("match the pill to the ill") without addressing root causes of your problem? Most psychiatrists don't look at the brain as part of the body & don't think about underlying conditions such as inflammation, an unhealthy gut, high toxin load, food sensitivities, or "out-of-whack" hormones (to name just a few). These conditions don't just affect your body, but also affect your brain, resulting in depression, anxiety, insomnia, "brain fog" & other psychological symptoms. Medication can work spectacularly well, but often doesn't, if the body is too imbalanced.
Are you concerned your psychiatrist might diagnose & prescribe medication ("match the pill to the ill") without addressing root causes of your problem? Most psychiatrists don't look at the brain as part of the body & don't think about underlying conditions such as inflammation, an unhealthy gut, high toxin load, food sensitivities, or "out-of-whack" hormones (to name just a few). These conditions don't just affect your body, but also affect your brain, resulting in depression, anxiety, insomnia, "brain fog" & other psychological symptoms. Medication can work spectacularly well, but often doesn't, if the body is too imbalanced.
![Photo of Elizabeth Adekoya (Now Accepting New Patients), PMHNP, BC, FPA, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/bd04b251-45d1-436d-8f89-b9e7032c8bc6/1/320x400.jpeg)
Elizabeth Adekoya (Now Accepting New Patients)
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC, FPA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611
Hi there, I'm Elizabeth. Do you suffer from persistent sadness? Are you struggling to find joy in your day to day life? Or do you find yourself constantly worrying, afraid or anxious? Are you in search of a provider that is both compassionate and adequately skilled to help you treat and manage your symptoms? I am a Psychiatric Mental health Nurse Practitioner and help adult individuals with mood disorders and other mental/psychiatric disorders. I am compassionate about helping you manage your depression, anxiety, ADHD and any other comorbidities.
Hi there, I'm Elizabeth. Do you suffer from persistent sadness? Are you struggling to find joy in your day to day life? Or do you find yourself constantly worrying, afraid or anxious? Are you in search of a provider that is both compassionate and adequately skilled to help you treat and manage your symptoms? I am a Psychiatric Mental health Nurse Practitioner and help adult individuals with mood disorders and other mental/psychiatric disorders. I am compassionate about helping you manage your depression, anxiety, ADHD and any other comorbidities.
![Photo of Dani Nguyen, PA-C, Physician Assistant](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/678913a9-5674-46e8-aca4-26b5f4b8177a/2/320x400.jpeg)
In reflective fashion, Kermit the Frog once sang, “it’s not easy being green”. If we replace “green” with anxious, angry, sad, depressed, lonely, or hurt, we feel the truth of the lyric. But for many of us that feel “green” over time, it can start to feel like it’s not easy being “me”. To make things even more difficult, most of the things that make us, “us”, are physically unseen; our personalities, our traumas (known or unknown), our beliefs, our emotions and thoughts. Navigating the “unseen” aspects in us is what fuels my passion in psychiatry, and to offer any support in that journey, is an honor.
In reflective fashion, Kermit the Frog once sang, “it’s not easy being green”. If we replace “green” with anxious, angry, sad, depressed, lonely, or hurt, we feel the truth of the lyric. But for many of us that feel “green” over time, it can start to feel like it’s not easy being “me”. To make things even more difficult, most of the things that make us, “us”, are physically unseen; our personalities, our traumas (known or unknown), our beliefs, our emotions and thoughts. Navigating the “unseen” aspects in us is what fuels my passion in psychiatry, and to offer any support in that journey, is an honor.
![Photo of Jacqueline Arant, NP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d3a570ed-675b-4d14-903a-88dccf877c52/2/320x400.png)
I put patients at ease by creating a comfortable, supportive space to address their concerns. I want patients to leave feeling good about the treatment they receive and look forward to returning. Throughout my career, I worked in hospital systems and clinics helping people cope with complex neurological and behavioral conditions. I serve adult clients struggling with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, trauma, and more.
I put patients at ease by creating a comfortable, supportive space to address their concerns. I want patients to leave feeling good about the treatment they receive and look forward to returning. Throughout my career, I worked in hospital systems and clinics helping people cope with complex neurological and behavioral conditions. I serve adult clients struggling with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, trauma, and more.
![Photo of Katherine Friedmann, DNP, APN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6009e51a-cbfe-4ee4-a7c4-bdeb59e446d5/2/320x400.jpeg)
Katherine Friedmann
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, DNP, APN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Not accepting new clients
As a doctorally prepared, board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, I work with children, adolescents and young adults with a variety of conditions including anxiety, depression and ADHD. I have additional expertise in Autism and other developmental and behavioral disorders. I am currently on faculty as an Assistant Professor at Rush University in the Psychiatric Mental Health, Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Program. With extensive clinical and research experience in neurology, developmental and behavioral pediatrics and psychiatry, I bring a comprehensive and compassionate evaluation and treatment approach to my practice.
As a doctorally prepared, board certified Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, I work with children, adolescents and young adults with a variety of conditions including anxiety, depression and ADHD. I have additional expertise in Autism and other developmental and behavioral disorders. I am currently on faculty as an Assistant Professor at Rush University in the Psychiatric Mental Health, Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Program. With extensive clinical and research experience in neurology, developmental and behavioral pediatrics and psychiatry, I bring a comprehensive and compassionate evaluation and treatment approach to my practice.
![Photo of Charles E Kaegi, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3c851972-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
I specialize in medication management for ADD, depression, anxiety and other psychiatric disorders.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist in private practice for over 30 years. I provide high quality psychiatric care to residents throughout the Chicago metro area for adult out-patient medication evaluation and management.
I specialize in medication management for ADD, depression, anxiety and other psychiatric disorders.
I am a board-certified psychiatrist in private practice for over 30 years. I provide high quality psychiatric care to residents throughout the Chicago metro area for adult out-patient medication evaluation and management.
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![Photo of Alfreda Shields, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-B, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f5a04e52-8ebf-482c-95f6-b31581931ddc/2/320x400.jpeg)
Alfreda Shields
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-B
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601 (Online Only)
To schedule an appointment, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am dedicated to providing the evidence-based care that patients deserve, and I desire to establish long-lasting relationships with clients. I have an interest in treating anxiety, depression, insomnia, OCD, and PTSD.
To schedule an appointment, please book a call with our Client Care Coordinator here: www.calendly.com/adminccbh I am dedicated to providing the evidence-based care that patients deserve, and I desire to establish long-lasting relationships with clients. I have an interest in treating anxiety, depression, insomnia, OCD, and PTSD.
![Photo of Ejaz Jafri, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1a9bf3b8-2daf-4ae6-98c0-f68b16073660/1/320x400.png)
Hi there, I'm Ejaz! Hello, my name is Ejaz Jafri, and I am a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with a clinical career in outpatient & inpatient settings. I specialize in managing the care of adolescents & adults with depression, bipolar, anxiety, panic, PTSD, ADHD, substance use, mood disorders, personality disorders, schizoaffective disorder, eating disorders, schizophrenia, and adjustment disorders. I provide extensive psychiatric evaluations, psychotherapy, and psychopharmacological treatment initiation, monitoring, and management.
Hi there, I'm Ejaz! Hello, my name is Ejaz Jafri, and I am a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner with a clinical career in outpatient & inpatient settings. I specialize in managing the care of adolescents & adults with depression, bipolar, anxiety, panic, PTSD, ADHD, substance use, mood disorders, personality disorders, schizoaffective disorder, eating disorders, schizophrenia, and adjustment disorders. I provide extensive psychiatric evaluations, psychotherapy, and psychopharmacological treatment initiation, monitoring, and management.
![Photo of Kimberly E. Merenkov, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/37f7422c-f057-48a9-9fda-c2be2abc087f/2/320x400.jpeg)
As a Chicago Psychiatrist in private practice, I provide an integrated, goal oriented psychotherapy and medication approach (when appropriate) for those challenged by anxiety spectrum disorders, depression, medical problems, as well as work and personal relationship stress. I an an Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Northwestern University Medical School and an Affiliated Physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Honored in "Top Doctor" List in Chicago Magazine, January 2024, 2022, 2021, as well as "Exceptional Women in Medicine," Castle Connolly Medical, LTD, in Chicago Magazine, May 2021.
As a Chicago Psychiatrist in private practice, I provide an integrated, goal oriented psychotherapy and medication approach (when appropriate) for those challenged by anxiety spectrum disorders, depression, medical problems, as well as work and personal relationship stress. I an an Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Northwestern University Medical School and an Affiliated Physician at Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Honored in "Top Doctor" List in Chicago Magazine, January 2024, 2022, 2021, as well as "Exceptional Women in Medicine," Castle Connolly Medical, LTD, in Chicago Magazine, May 2021.
![Photo of Crystal Turner - Inspire1Wellness LLC, APN, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b5230d98-2da1-4eaa-83e6-7d49988430ca/1/320x400.jpeg)
Inspire1Wellness LLC
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, APN, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602
I diagnose and treat adults with an array of conditions including trauma, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, and psychosis.
Hi! I’m Crystal Turner, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I have learned that, though the complexities that come with mental health are various, the commonality is the desire to be heard, seen, and treated as human and to attain the highest level of functioning in life.
I diagnose and treat adults with an array of conditions including trauma, depression, anxiety, mood disorders, and psychosis.
Hi! I’m Crystal Turner, Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. I have learned that, though the complexities that come with mental health are various, the commonality is the desire to be heard, seen, and treated as human and to attain the highest level of functioning in life.
![Photo of Idowu O Oshokoya, MSN, APRN, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/68c862ff-636b-4483-b53e-f5c569352e5e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Idowu O Oshokoya
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, MSN, APRN, PMHNP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60603 (Online Only)
Idowu Oshokoya is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner from Chicago, IL. He works with adolescents, adults, and older adults, and provides care for patients who are battling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, Bipolars, and other mental disorders. Idowu studied at Walden University, where he obtained a Master of Science in PMHNP. He has a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Chamberlain University. He has extensive training and 10 years of experience with behavioral health. He has provided cares for Veterans, minorities, children, homeless, and others at over 6 different teaching hospitals.
Idowu Oshokoya is a board-certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner from Chicago, IL. He works with adolescents, adults, and older adults, and provides care for patients who are battling with anxiety, depression, ADHD, Bipolars, and other mental disorders. Idowu studied at Walden University, where he obtained a Master of Science in PMHNP. He has a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from Chamberlain University. He has extensive training and 10 years of experience with behavioral health. He has provided cares for Veterans, minorities, children, homeless, and others at over 6 different teaching hospitals.
![Photo of Tj Thurlow, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8f82506c-9827-4816-8219-f1f4339c09f4/1/320x400.jpeg)
My areas of specialty include, management of LGBTQIA + mental health, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, OCD, substance use treatment, and PTSD.
Finding mental health help can be daunting. Clients seeking my support have varied concerns when the come to see me. I believe that understanding the needs of the patient starts by getting to know what brought them to my office. I think it's important for both the client and myself to build a plan together based on personal experience and evidence based care. The goal I have for my clients is to understand the plan of care and have the confidence to take the next steps to achieve success and improvement in their lives.
My areas of specialty include, management of LGBTQIA + mental health, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, OCD, substance use treatment, and PTSD.
Finding mental health help can be daunting. Clients seeking my support have varied concerns when the come to see me. I believe that understanding the needs of the patient starts by getting to know what brought them to my office. I think it's important for both the client and myself to build a plan together based on personal experience and evidence based care. The goal I have for my clients is to understand the plan of care and have the confidence to take the next steps to achieve success and improvement in their lives.
![Photo of Pavan Prasad, MD, Psychiatrist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5167f8aa-4697-48eb-9cdc-1b07a156230a/2/320x400.jpeg)
I use a holistic approach, treating the full person rather than just symptoms. I specialize in treating Adults and Adolescents (12 years and up) with mood, self-esteem, and concentration problems, as well as working with more diffuse issues around identity, interpersonal relationships, and professional achievement. I address emotional distress and difficulties in daily living. This could manifest as depression, anxiety, insomnia, problems with intimacy or self-esteem, problems with concentration, feeling excessively angry or guilty, or trouble finding meaning in life, to name only a few.
I use a holistic approach, treating the full person rather than just symptoms. I specialize in treating Adults and Adolescents (12 years and up) with mood, self-esteem, and concentration problems, as well as working with more diffuse issues around identity, interpersonal relationships, and professional achievement. I address emotional distress and difficulties in daily living. This could manifest as depression, anxiety, insomnia, problems with intimacy or self-esteem, problems with concentration, feeling excessively angry or guilty, or trouble finding meaning in life, to name only a few.
![Photo of Sherann Ivy - Sunshine Psychiatry, PMHNP, BC, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/53036dae-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Sunshine Psychiatry
Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PMHNP, BC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60612
*****NOW ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS**** Whether you need psychiatric evaluation and treatment for addiction, anxiety, depression, a mood disorder, ADHD, PTSD, or another mental health problem, as your provider, my goal is to help you get the solutions that will let you feel better soon. The belief in giving help with deep caring, and my style of listening, form the soul of my practice today. I see all patients as unique in their own way, and I value the privilege of giving the best care that my private practice in psychiatric medicine can provide.
*****NOW ACCEPTING NEW PATIENTS**** Whether you need psychiatric evaluation and treatment for addiction, anxiety, depression, a mood disorder, ADHD, PTSD, or another mental health problem, as your provider, my goal is to help you get the solutions that will let you feel better soon. The belief in giving help with deep caring, and my style of listening, form the soul of my practice today. I see all patients as unique in their own way, and I value the privilege of giving the best care that my private practice in psychiatric medicine can provide.
![Photo of Melissa Vitale, PMHNP, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5da9d49d-c557-45e0-84d6-d71f9f90ce40/1/320x400.jpeg)
Melissa Vitale is currently accepting new patients. Melissa Vitale is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. She provides general psychiatric services for adult patients who are experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, or thought disorders such as schizophrenia. For every new patient, Melissa provides a comprehensive initial psychiatric assessment, and offers subsequent mental health treatment including medication management and individual psychotherapy.
Melissa Vitale is currently accepting new patients. Melissa Vitale is a Board Certified Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner. She provides general psychiatric services for adult patients who are experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, or thought disorders such as schizophrenia. For every new patient, Melissa provides a comprehensive initial psychiatric assessment, and offers subsequent mental health treatment including medication management and individual psychotherapy.
See more therapy options for Chicago
Nearby Depression Psychiatrists Searches for Chicago
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Depression Psychiatrists
What is the goal of therapy for depression?
Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.
What happens in therapy for depression?
Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.
What therapy types help with depression?
Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.
Can therapy for depression be done online?
Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.
How effective is therapy for depression?
Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.