Therapists in Winnipeg, MB

Photo of Sherry Maharaj - BrainWorks Psychological Services, PhD, CPsych, Psychologist
BrainWorks Psychological Services
Psychologist, PhD, CPsych
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3T
At Brainworks, we are committed to supporting mental health, emotional well-being, learning and positive school adjustment. Today's children, youth and young adults are faced with overwhelming levels of stress, uncertainty, and change that can negatively impact their physical, social-emotional, and mental health. Do you or your child get so anxious and worried that it is hard to function? Do you or your child feel overwhelmed at school/work due to ongoing ADHD/learning difficulties? Do you or your child have emotional, social or mental health problems but on a long waitlist for diagnosis and/or help? We at Brainworks want to help!
At Brainworks, we are committed to supporting mental health, emotional well-being, learning and positive school adjustment. Today's children, youth and young adults are faced with overwhelming levels of stress, uncertainty, and change that can negatively impact their physical, social-emotional, and mental health. Do you or your child get so anxious and worried that it is hard to function? Do you or your child feel overwhelmed at school/work due to ongoing ADHD/learning difficulties? Do you or your child have emotional, social or mental health problems but on a long waitlist for diagnosis and/or help? We at Brainworks want to help!
(431) 831-4120 View (431) 831-4120
Photo of Gabriela Fonseca, BA, MA, APC, Counsellor
Gabriela Fonseca
Counsellor, BA, MA, APC
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3T
Life is full of obstacles and challenges. Sometimes we feel stuck in how to move forward. In counselling, you and I can explore how to feel unstuck in order to move forward. I work with issues that stem from anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions, self esteem, depression, imposter syndrome. We can work on goals that range from how to expand on your coping skills, to explore what is working, what isn't and reasons behind that. We can work on ways on how you can grow in your self awareness in order to live a richer and healthier life.
Life is full of obstacles and challenges. Sometimes we feel stuck in how to move forward. In counselling, you and I can explore how to feel unstuck in order to move forward. I work with issues that stem from anxiety, relationship issues, life transitions, self esteem, depression, imposter syndrome. We can work on goals that range from how to expand on your coping skills, to explore what is working, what isn't and reasons behind that. We can work on ways on how you can grow in your self awareness in order to live a richer and healthier life.
(431) 341-0058 View (431) 341-0058
Photo of Melanie Zimerman, BA, MA, CCC, Counsellor
Melanie Zimerman
Counsellor, BA, MA, CCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3Y  (Online Only)
I work with individuals aged 10 and above offering sessions in both English and Spanish. I have experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety, trauma and PTSD, stress, low self-esteem, relationship issues, BPD and more. I offer an integrative approach consisting of finding what is best suited for you and your needs. This includes Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Trauma-Focused, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), Strength-Based Therapy, Person-Centred, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
I work with individuals aged 10 and above offering sessions in both English and Spanish. I have experience working with individuals who struggle with anxiety, trauma and PTSD, stress, low self-esteem, relationship issues, BPD and more. I offer an integrative approach consisting of finding what is best suited for you and your needs. This includes Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), Trauma-Focused, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT), Strength-Based Therapy, Person-Centred, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT).
(204) 400-5408 View (204) 400-5408
Photo of Shanna Kelly, MA, CCC, Counsellor
Shanna Kelly
Counsellor, MA, CCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3N
Not accepting new clients
I am a Certified EMDR Therapist with advanced training. I specialize in trauma and anxiety treatment but also work with a variety of issues that clients may face. I value helping my clients genuinely put distress in the past so they can move on and live life to the fullest. I believe that change is possible, that change takes courage, and that it is a privilege to come alongside each person as they move toward hope and healing.
I am a Certified EMDR Therapist with advanced training. I specialize in trauma and anxiety treatment but also work with a variety of issues that clients may face. I value helping my clients genuinely put distress in the past so they can move on and live life to the fullest. I believe that change is possible, that change takes courage, and that it is a privilege to come alongside each person as they move toward hope and healing.
(204) 400-2928 View (204) 400-2928
Photo of Sabrina Hogan, CCC, MEd, BEd, BA, Counsellor
Sabrina Hogan
Counsellor, CCC, MEd, BEd, BA
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3C
Welcome! I provide counselling for children, teens and adults. For children and teenagers, I can help in areas such as anxiety, body image, bullying, depression, family matters including divorce/separation, friendship issues, phobias and trauma. For adults, I help those who struggle with addiction, anxiety, conflict resolution, emotion regulation, mood disorders, relationships and trauma. I have almost 20 years of experience in working with children and teens, ranging from swim coaching, entertaining, classroom teaching, school counselling and clinical counselling. I started counselling adults in 2017 when I volunteered with Klinic.
Welcome! I provide counselling for children, teens and adults. For children and teenagers, I can help in areas such as anxiety, body image, bullying, depression, family matters including divorce/separation, friendship issues, phobias and trauma. For adults, I help those who struggle with addiction, anxiety, conflict resolution, emotion regulation, mood disorders, relationships and trauma. I have almost 20 years of experience in working with children and teens, ranging from swim coaching, entertaining, classroom teaching, school counselling and clinical counselling. I started counselling adults in 2017 when I volunteered with Klinic.
(204) 229-1774 View (204) 229-1774
Photo of Kerstie Kona, MSW, RSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Kerstie Kona
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3B
Are you a teen or young adult feeling overwhelmed by daily challenges and obstacles? Finding it difficult to manage school, work, relationships and personal identity? You are not alone, many people struggle to navigate these areas. Take a moment in a safe space to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences without any judgment. As a therapist specializing in adolescent and young adult counselling, I provide a safe, non-judgmental space where one can explore their thoughts, inner feelings and concerns openly.
Are you a teen or young adult feeling overwhelmed by daily challenges and obstacles? Finding it difficult to manage school, work, relationships and personal identity? You are not alone, many people struggle to navigate these areas. Take a moment in a safe space to explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences without any judgment. As a therapist specializing in adolescent and young adult counselling, I provide a safe, non-judgmental space where one can explore their thoughts, inner feelings and concerns openly.
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Photo of Jennifer Heinrichs, BA, MMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jennifer Heinrichs
Marriage & Family Therapist, BA, MMFT
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3B
We are all worthy of living life as our best selves, in spite of difficulties. I work with individuals, couples and families respectfully and collaboratively. I facilitate a safe space to do the work in the most effective and thorough way, creating movement and change that clients are looking for.
We are all worthy of living life as our best selves, in spite of difficulties. I work with individuals, couples and families respectfully and collaboratively. I facilitate a safe space to do the work in the most effective and thorough way, creating movement and change that clients are looking for.
(204) 232-5068 View (204) 232-5068
Photo of Tanya Zubert, MMFT, RMFT-S, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Tanya Zubert
Registered Social Worker, MMFT, RMFT-S, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3L
Not accepting new clients
We all have times in our lives when things aren't working as we want them to and would benefit from connection, compassion and perspective. My approach is about learning how problems develop as a way of coping and helping you find new ways of understanding and responding to your needs.
We all have times in our lives when things aren't working as we want them to and would benefit from connection, compassion and perspective. My approach is about learning how problems develop as a way of coping and helping you find new ways of understanding and responding to your needs.
(204) 400-3051 View (204) 400-3051
Photo of Jennifer Sveinson, BSW, MA, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Jennifer Sveinson
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MA, RSW
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3L
Overwhelmed by negative thoughts and difficult emotions? Having trouble expressing yourself in important relationships? In the Mental Health Program at HSC, I helped countless people to heal their emotional wounds. Life bruises us all over the years, but with the right support and therapy we're all capable of healing & even thriving. My training includes: Mindful Self-Compassion & Attachment Based Therapy. Focusing on your own well-being is the doorway to transforming relationships. Gain freedom from self-criticism. You deserve to enjoy the present moment and be able to show up fully in all aspects of your life.
Overwhelmed by negative thoughts and difficult emotions? Having trouble expressing yourself in important relationships? In the Mental Health Program at HSC, I helped countless people to heal their emotional wounds. Life bruises us all over the years, but with the right support and therapy we're all capable of healing & even thriving. My training includes: Mindful Self-Compassion & Attachment Based Therapy. Focusing on your own well-being is the doorway to transforming relationships. Gain freedom from self-criticism. You deserve to enjoy the present moment and be able to show up fully in all aspects of your life.
(204) 813-9805 View (204) 813-9805
Photo of Chris Haney, MSW, TCTSY, Registered Social Worker
Chris Haney
Registered Social Worker, MSW, TCTSY
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3R
One devasting effect of trauma is that it robs us of connection with others and ourselves. Instead, we isolate and distance ourselves out of survival. However, when we reach out to others, we are repairing that lost connection and begin to heal. Trauma usually happens in relation and so does recovery! If interested please book a free consultation here: chrishaney.janeapp.com, email or call. Thank you!
One devasting effect of trauma is that it robs us of connection with others and ourselves. Instead, we isolate and distance ourselves out of survival. However, when we reach out to others, we are repairing that lost connection and begin to heal. Trauma usually happens in relation and so does recovery! If interested please book a free consultation here: chrishaney.janeapp.com, email or call. Thank you!
(204) 400-4081 View (204) 400-4081
Photo of Homa Houshmand - Positive Perspectives, MSc, CCC, MFT, MSW, BSW, Counsellor
Positive Perspectives
Counsellor, MSc, CCC, MFT, MSW, BSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R2H
Positive Perspectives practices on Treaty 1 Territory and exists to carefully and intentionally provide equitable, socially just, and diverse mental health services for our community. We serve people of all colours, all cultures, all sizes, all genders, all beliefs, all ages, and all types. We are here to serve all people. Our team consists of progressive and integrative Bachelor and Master’s level practitioners with extensive experience in evidence-based care.
Positive Perspectives practices on Treaty 1 Territory and exists to carefully and intentionally provide equitable, socially just, and diverse mental health services for our community. We serve people of all colours, all cultures, all sizes, all genders, all beliefs, all ages, and all types. We are here to serve all people. Our team consists of progressive and integrative Bachelor and Master’s level practitioners with extensive experience in evidence-based care.
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Photo of Melissa Pilz, MMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melissa Pilz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3B
Therapy can be an important tool to help people to connect not only to each other, but also to themselves. We as human beings desire to be deeply known by our friends, partners, family and the communities we belong to, but we also long to know ourselves and live not only to survive, but to thrive in our own skin.
Therapy can be an important tool to help people to connect not only to each other, but also to themselves. We as human beings desire to be deeply known by our friends, partners, family and the communities we belong to, but we also long to know ourselves and live not only to survive, but to thrive in our own skin.
(204) 400-2650 View (204) 400-2650
Photo of Lee Fraser, BAH, MMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lee Fraser
Marriage & Family Therapist, BAH, MMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3J  (Online Only)
Connection with others can be both the most important and the most painful aspect of life. You may feel conflicted: yearning for more rewarding relationships while being repeatedly hurt or disappointed by them. Perhaps you have grown tired of making sacrifices in your family or community without seeming to get anything back in return. Chronic disappointment is important to pay attention to, as it can impact mental, physical, and spiritual health. I am an experienced clinician who can help you identify and process thoughts, feelings and body sensations in order to transform them from depleting to vitalizing.
Connection with others can be both the most important and the most painful aspect of life. You may feel conflicted: yearning for more rewarding relationships while being repeatedly hurt or disappointed by them. Perhaps you have grown tired of making sacrifices in your family or community without seeming to get anything back in return. Chronic disappointment is important to pay attention to, as it can impact mental, physical, and spiritual health. I am an experienced clinician who can help you identify and process thoughts, feelings and body sensations in order to transform them from depleting to vitalizing.
(204) 813-2130 View (204) 813-2130
Photo of Afsheen Anwar - The H Factor Solutions, Ph,D, Psychologist
The H Factor Solutions
Psychologist, Ph,D
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R2H  (Online Only)
Everyone goes through difficult life experiences that require external help at times. Dr. Anwar is a registered clinical and counselling psychologist in Ontario and Manitoba. She obtained her doctorate in Psychology from the University of Karachi, Pakistan in 2012. She has over 20 years of clinical experience including assessment and therapy with individuals, couples and families, and has worked in both individual and group settings. She works with clients in Manitoba and Ontario to address various issues including mood disturbances and anxiety, relationship conflict and personal growth. Focusing on aviation professionals lately.
Everyone goes through difficult life experiences that require external help at times. Dr. Anwar is a registered clinical and counselling psychologist in Ontario and Manitoba. She obtained her doctorate in Psychology from the University of Karachi, Pakistan in 2012. She has over 20 years of clinical experience including assessment and therapy with individuals, couples and families, and has worked in both individual and group settings. She works with clients in Manitoba and Ontario to address various issues including mood disturbances and anxiety, relationship conflict and personal growth. Focusing on aviation professionals lately.
(204) 818-0682 View (204) 818-0682
Photo of Acksanna Witherspoon, MA, LMFT, Counsellor
Acksanna Witherspoon
Counsellor, MA, LMFT
Not Verified Not Verified
Winnipeg, MB R2K
I am Acksanna Witherspoon - a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Winnipeg MB. I am someone who has sought out professional help in my life at one point too. I have a passion for walking alongside people in seasons of their life where nobody else can. I believe in my clients and their goals, no matter the situation, no matter the mess.
I am Acksanna Witherspoon - a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Winnipeg MB. I am someone who has sought out professional help in my life at one point too. I have a passion for walking alongside people in seasons of their life where nobody else can. I believe in my clients and their goals, no matter the situation, no matter the mess.
(431) 800-4133 View (431) 800-4133
Photo of Jan Krahenbil, MSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Jan Krahenbil
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3L
I have a Masters degree in Social Work with 22 years of clinical experience in mental health providing Individual, Couples, Family and Group Therapy. My approach is holistic with an emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Exposure and Response Prevention. My approach incorporates both a Trauma Informed lens and Mindfulness based strategies. My experience is extensive and emphasizes how our thoughts and emotions impact our ability to move forward in wellness.
I have a Masters degree in Social Work with 22 years of clinical experience in mental health providing Individual, Couples, Family and Group Therapy. My approach is holistic with an emphasis on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Exposure and Response Prevention. My approach incorporates both a Trauma Informed lens and Mindfulness based strategies. My experience is extensive and emphasizes how our thoughts and emotions impact our ability to move forward in wellness.
(204) 808-5403 View (204) 808-5403
Photo of Bree Jordan, BA, MA, Counsellor
Bree Jordan
Counsellor, BA, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3M
Bree acknowledges the courage that it takes to seek counselling and the vulnerability involved in letting someone else in on their struggles. Bree aims to create a culturally sensitive counselling space where the client feels that they are accepted and worthy as the person that they are. Everyone has struggles and perfection is not a goal any of us will achieve. Bree is currently in training for parent consulting and Narcissistic abuse recovery. Bree has a wealth of knowledge regarding relationships and development and facilitates courses. Please inquire regarding insurance coverage. I cannot offer free 15-minute consultations.
Bree acknowledges the courage that it takes to seek counselling and the vulnerability involved in letting someone else in on their struggles. Bree aims to create a culturally sensitive counselling space where the client feels that they are accepted and worthy as the person that they are. Everyone has struggles and perfection is not a goal any of us will achieve. Bree is currently in training for parent consulting and Narcissistic abuse recovery. Bree has a wealth of knowledge regarding relationships and development and facilitates courses. Please inquire regarding insurance coverage. I cannot offer free 15-minute consultations.
(204) 477-4673 View (204) 477-4673
Photo of Jason Mackenzie, MSW, BSW, RSW, Registered Social Worker
Jason Mackenzie
Registered Social Worker, MSW, BSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R2V
Welcome! I am here to support you as you work towards personal growth, healing, and improved wellness. I am a compassionate therapist whose work is grounded in relational practice and building meaningful connections with my clients. I specialize in working with individuals who are seeking support in various areas of their lives, including mental health, grief/loss, and those who identify as victims or survivors of crime. My approach focuses on assisting you to manage and heal from the difficulties we face in life, and find connection with the inherent strengths you have in order to move forward with clarity.
Welcome! I am here to support you as you work towards personal growth, healing, and improved wellness. I am a compassionate therapist whose work is grounded in relational practice and building meaningful connections with my clients. I specialize in working with individuals who are seeking support in various areas of their lives, including mental health, grief/loss, and those who identify as victims or survivors of crime. My approach focuses on assisting you to manage and heal from the difficulties we face in life, and find connection with the inherent strengths you have in order to move forward with clarity.
(204) 818-6293 View (204) 818-6293
Photo of Jolyn Sawatzky, Counsellor
Jolyn Sawatzky
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Winnipeg, MB R3T
Not accepting new clients
Are you finding the fulfillment you desire in your relationships? Relationships affect the quality of our lives. This is true whether the relationship in question is a committed romantic relationship, a family relationship with a teen or adult child, or any other interpersonal connection that affects the regular thoughts and interactions of life. I will listen with empathy to the pain and challenges you are going through. My passion is to guide you toward positive and fulfilled relationships. I have hope for improved relationship, whether you come in together or alone.
Are you finding the fulfillment you desire in your relationships? Relationships affect the quality of our lives. This is true whether the relationship in question is a committed romantic relationship, a family relationship with a teen or adult child, or any other interpersonal connection that affects the regular thoughts and interactions of life. I will listen with empathy to the pain and challenges you are going through. My passion is to guide you toward positive and fulfilled relationships. I have hope for improved relationship, whether you come in together or alone.
(204) 400-0902 View (204) 400-0902
Photo of Natasha Torres-Garner, MMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Natasha Torres-Garner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Winnipeg, MB R3M
There can be many reasons people come to therapy. It can be that you are up against a challenge and need support, you might want to make a change in your life or relationship, maybe there is a pattern you see in yourself or in your relationship that you don't think is working well. My goal as a therapist is to create a space that fosters curiosity, empathy, acceptance, and humility so that we are free to explore your goals and hopes collaboratively. I work to highlight your strengths and assist in identifying the barriers, fears or challenges that stand between you and making the changes you want.
There can be many reasons people come to therapy. It can be that you are up against a challenge and need support, you might want to make a change in your life or relationship, maybe there is a pattern you see in yourself or in your relationship that you don't think is working well. My goal as a therapist is to create a space that fosters curiosity, empathy, acceptance, and humility so that we are free to explore your goals and hopes collaboratively. I work to highlight your strengths and assist in identifying the barriers, fears or challenges that stand between you and making the changes you want.
(204) 400-2338 View (204) 400-2338
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See more therapy options for Winnipeg

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Winnipeg, MB

600+

Average cost per session

$130

Counsellors in Winnipeg, MB who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
80% Self Esteem
77% Stress
76% Coping Skills
72% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Blue Cross
53% Canada Life | Great-West Life
52% SunLife

How Counsellors in Winnipeg, MB see their clients

77% In Person and Online
23% Online Only

Gender breakdown

84% Female
15% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Winnipeg?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.