Domestic Abuse Therapists in Nelson
![Photo of Jennifer Stewart - Breakthrough Counselling, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c1ea3232-c570-43f7-b0f7-30b05ab6c657/1/320x400.jpeg)
Kia ora, I'm Jennifer Stewart (she/her) and I work with those deep, thorny emotional wounds that we often refer to as trauma or complex trauma. Sometimes these wounds are caused by big, dramatic events and sometimes they're created by the many smaller injuries that can result from not being fully seen, supported, or understood by those around us. These wounds can leave us feeling stuck, out of control, or unable to realise our full potential. We may feel easily triggered/anxious or numb/shut down. We may struggle with setting boundaries, low self esteem, substance use, self harm, or be targeted for relationship/narcissistic abuse.
Kia ora, I'm Jennifer Stewart (she/her) and I work with those deep, thorny emotional wounds that we often refer to as trauma or complex trauma. Sometimes these wounds are caused by big, dramatic events and sometimes they're created by the many smaller injuries that can result from not being fully seen, supported, or understood by those around us. These wounds can leave us feeling stuck, out of control, or unable to realise our full potential. We may feel easily triggered/anxious or numb/shut down. We may struggle with setting boundaries, low self esteem, substance use, self harm, or be targeted for relationship/narcissistic abuse.
![Photo of Tersia Delene Woodenberg - Soulcheck Holistic Therapy, MCouns](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e99ba6d1-c621-4216-b6c8-6bbe12ae2459/1/320x400.jpeg)
Whether you need support in individual counselling, anxiety, depression, anger management, stress, trauma, emotional and psychological abuse, low self-esteem, personal development, couples therapy, relationships, grief and loss, men's health, I offer a warm, inclusive, safe, and inviting environment for you.
When you're feeling overwhelmed, uncertain, and lost, and life's turmoil seems unrelenting, where do you turn for lasting relief? Is it because you are tired of battling anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, and enduring relentless days when these emotions refuse to loosen their grip? I understand the profound impact of mental and emotional distress on your life. My holistic approach goes beyond symptom management to identify and address the root causes of your suffering. By exploring the mind-body connection and incorporating personalized strategies, I aim to alleviate emotional pain and empower you to cultivate resilience and inner peace.
Whether you need support in individual counselling, anxiety, depression, anger management, stress, trauma, emotional and psychological abuse, low self-esteem, personal development, couples therapy, relationships, grief and loss, men's health, I offer a warm, inclusive, safe, and inviting environment for you.
When you're feeling overwhelmed, uncertain, and lost, and life's turmoil seems unrelenting, where do you turn for lasting relief? Is it because you are tired of battling anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, and enduring relentless days when these emotions refuse to loosen their grip? I understand the profound impact of mental and emotional distress on your life. My holistic approach goes beyond symptom management to identify and address the root causes of your suffering. By exploring the mind-body connection and incorporating personalized strategies, I aim to alleviate emotional pain and empower you to cultivate resilience and inner peace.
![Photo of Claire Thompson, MNZAC, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a106b8c3-2bd9-4608-8e20-077ec641258a/2/320x400.jpeg)
I’m an EFT emotional freedom technique (tapping) practitioner for trauma, grief, anxiety, addictions, abuse.
Face to face (Auckland), online and phone appointments are available NZ and world wide.
I’m an EFT emotional freedom technique (tapping) practitioner for trauma, grief, anxiety, addictions, abuse.
Face to face (Auckland), online and phone appointments are available NZ and world wide.
![Photo of Lara Cusdin, MCouns, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/9fcc94f3-2d80-4202-8685-35f35b6c7c8f/1/320x400.jpeg)
Lara Cusdin
Counsellor, MCouns, NZAC - Provisional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nelson 7010
Waitlist for new clients
I offer a person-centered approach to counselling working face-to face or on zoom. I provide a non-judgmental, compassionate, safe space for young adults (18+) to elderly to explore fears, concerns or difficulties you may be experiencing in life. I value the importance of the therapeutic relationship and listen to where people are at and work with you to help move forward and make sense of life’s challenges.
I offer a person-centered approach to counselling working face-to face or on zoom. I provide a non-judgmental, compassionate, safe space for young adults (18+) to elderly to explore fears, concerns or difficulties you may be experiencing in life. I value the importance of the therapeutic relationship and listen to where people are at and work with you to help move forward and make sense of life’s challenges.
![Photo of Sally Scott, NZCCA, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/210e018b-8c29-45d0-be43-0d2d40b7398f/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, stress burnout, grief, trauma, immigration or other concerns? Looking for guidance in changing patterns or struggling to navigate the complexities of neurodiversity (ADHD, ASD, Dyslexia)? Do you need understanding, acceptance, and practical strategies while riding the wave of life's adversities? I'm mature counsellor, so I bring academic training, but also years of life experience and my own ongoing life learning to my counselling. Clients tell me I am calm, approachable, friendly, and trustworthy. I'm here to listen & help make sense of it. I'm ACC & WINZ Registered.
Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, depression, stress burnout, grief, trauma, immigration or other concerns? Looking for guidance in changing patterns or struggling to navigate the complexities of neurodiversity (ADHD, ASD, Dyslexia)? Do you need understanding, acceptance, and practical strategies while riding the wave of life's adversities? I'm mature counsellor, so I bring academic training, but also years of life experience and my own ongoing life learning to my counselling. Clients tell me I am calm, approachable, friendly, and trustworthy. I'm here to listen & help make sense of it. I'm ACC & WINZ Registered.
![Photo of Christele Gardys, NZCCA, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/15766f57-c20c-4d98-9105-bf88d715d05d/2/320x400.jpeg)
I’ here to offer a supportive and non-judgmental space where you can talk about whatever’s on your mind. With 16 years of experience in therapeutic and well-being services, I specialise in areas like anxiety, stress management, pain management, trauma, grief, loss and perinatal support. I’m passionate about holistic well-being and focus on helping you manage stress and pain to suit your unique needs. My collaborative approach is tailored to empower you to live a balanced and fulfilling life. I am using a mix of methods like Person-Centered, Solution Focused, Internal Family Systems, and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
I’ here to offer a supportive and non-judgmental space where you can talk about whatever’s on your mind. With 16 years of experience in therapeutic and well-being services, I specialise in areas like anxiety, stress management, pain management, trauma, grief, loss and perinatal support. I’m passionate about holistic well-being and focus on helping you manage stress and pain to suit your unique needs. My collaborative approach is tailored to empower you to live a balanced and fulfilling life. I am using a mix of methods like Person-Centered, Solution Focused, Internal Family Systems, and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.
![Photo of Kristina Grace](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3b0d22b6-1f9c-419b-b681-0cf2209f55c8/3/320x400.jpeg)
Perhaps you are overwhelmed with depression or anxiety, feel helpless or hopeless and you want to get yourself back again - enjoy life? Perhaps you find life is unfulfilling, you feel stuck in the same rut and struggle to change your life to be more what you would like it to be? Or are you experiencing conflict, relationship issues, self-esteem issues or stress and need help and support at this time? Together we can find a way forward. I am the author of the "Out of the Fog" programme delivered in group and individual therapy which has helped hundreds of people to recover/become well from depression/anxiety.
Perhaps you are overwhelmed with depression or anxiety, feel helpless or hopeless and you want to get yourself back again - enjoy life? Perhaps you find life is unfulfilling, you feel stuck in the same rut and struggle to change your life to be more what you would like it to be? Or are you experiencing conflict, relationship issues, self-esteem issues or stress and need help and support at this time? Together we can find a way forward. I am the author of the "Out of the Fog" programme delivered in group and individual therapy which has helped hundreds of people to recover/become well from depression/anxiety.
![Photo of Paola @ Therapy Tides, MPsych, MNZAC, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/788382ab-f925-4118-a983-80a4a5102a1e/2/320x400.jpeg)
Kia ora, I'm Paola. In therapy, change comes in waves and cycles, like with the tides. I provide my clients a safe and professional environment to navigate those therapeutic tides in the smoothest way possible. I bring to the therapeutic process competence, clarity and clinical discernment for the client to be able to dive safely in the deep waters of personal transformation. Clients report that they experience tangible results as enhanced self-esteem and trust, reduced severity of symptoms as anxiety, depression, grief or mental confusion, and the restoring of their capacity for secure, and organized relationships, among others.
Kia ora, I'm Paola. In therapy, change comes in waves and cycles, like with the tides. I provide my clients a safe and professional environment to navigate those therapeutic tides in the smoothest way possible. I bring to the therapeutic process competence, clarity and clinical discernment for the client to be able to dive safely in the deep waters of personal transformation. Clients report that they experience tangible results as enhanced self-esteem and trust, reduced severity of symptoms as anxiety, depression, grief or mental confusion, and the restoring of their capacity for secure, and organized relationships, among others.
![Photo of Angela Carter, NZAFT, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/46b01749-b47b-4746-bac5-deb4758dc941/1/320x400.png)
As Bessel van der Kolk notes, trauma is specifically an event that overwhelms the central nervous system, altering the way we process and recall memories. “Trauma is not the story of something that happened back then," he adds. "It's the current imprint of that pain, horror, and fear living inside people.” I am a well-established health professional who has dedicated my professional life working on releasing trauma in a natural, nurturing way, returning my clients to their natural state of wholeness. I call this "The Journey Home". I work from a neuroscience perspective. Harmonizing all aspects of our being Mind, Body and Soul
As Bessel van der Kolk notes, trauma is specifically an event that overwhelms the central nervous system, altering the way we process and recall memories. “Trauma is not the story of something that happened back then," he adds. "It's the current imprint of that pain, horror, and fear living inside people.” I am a well-established health professional who has dedicated my professional life working on releasing trauma in a natural, nurturing way, returning my clients to their natural state of wholeness. I call this "The Journey Home". I work from a neuroscience perspective. Harmonizing all aspects of our being Mind, Body and Soul
![Photo of Evelyn Shackley, MA, PBANZ, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3dbfb17c-81af-4555-8353-e47e5c07cf04/1/320x400.jpeg)
I work with adults who struggle with relationships, bullying, alcohol, anxiety, and depression. Often my clients have been abused sexually, survived domestic violence and/or neglect in their childhood. This means clients might find it hard to be in close relationships, have a sense of 'being hollow inside', constantly worry about 'getting it wrong', find it hard to say no, be constantly busy, feel angry or frustrated at others, feel 'flat and rudderless' in life, and/or self-soothe (eg alcohol) to make life easier. I am interested in helping people process their psychobiography to feel more at peace.
I work with adults who struggle with relationships, bullying, alcohol, anxiety, and depression. Often my clients have been abused sexually, survived domestic violence and/or neglect in their childhood. This means clients might find it hard to be in close relationships, have a sense of 'being hollow inside', constantly worry about 'getting it wrong', find it hard to say no, be constantly busy, feel angry or frustrated at others, feel 'flat and rudderless' in life, and/or self-soothe (eg alcohol) to make life easier. I am interested in helping people process their psychobiography to feel more at peace.
![Photo of Elizabeth Putaura - Little Raven Counselling, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/3be5213c-541c-4e70-a5b6-e3312893d9f5/1/320x400.png)
Little Raven Counselling
Counsellor, NZAC - Provisional
Verified Verified
Nelson 7010 (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Kia Orana and Hello! My name is Elizabeth Putaura. I was born in Rarotonga and raised in New Zealand. I live in Nelson where I also received my BA in counselling. I am a member of the New Zealand Association of Counsellors and am an ACC registered counsellor/provider for integrated service for sensitive claims. I have worked as a counsellor for 3 years at a Womens Centre, a couple years as a counsellor at the Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, and a mentor for a budget service before I opened my private practice online in 2023.
Kia Orana and Hello! My name is Elizabeth Putaura. I was born in Rarotonga and raised in New Zealand. I live in Nelson where I also received my BA in counselling. I am a member of the New Zealand Association of Counsellors and am an ACC registered counsellor/provider for integrated service for sensitive claims. I have worked as a counsellor for 3 years at a Womens Centre, a couple years as a counsellor at the Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, and a mentor for a budget service before I opened my private practice online in 2023.
15 Second Videos
Soulcheck Holistic Therapy
Lara Cusdin
Paola @ Therapy Tides
Angela Carter
Evelyn Shackley
Online Therapists
![Photo of Lesli Mancktelow, MNZCCA, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c519675a-e406-407e-9550-0eb058db771a/1/320x400.jpeg)
Some of the areas I have counselling experience in include: Adjusting to different life stages - Anger issues - Anxiety - Low / mid anxiety or depression - Controlling behaviour - Impact of Covid 19 - Domestic abuse - Grief and loss - Singleness - Self esteem/self worth - Relationships/ Separation - Shame and guilt - Spiritual growth - Work issues.
My role as a counsellor is to help you to get on the path to bring about the changes you wish to make in your life. I believe in listening to, valuing and honouring people and the path they walk in life. I am available to meet with you to discuss and talk through anything that is concerning you, or that you would like to see different in your life. An initial counselling session will enable you to discuss with me what you want to achieve during the counselling process. It will also help me to gain a bigger picture of who you are, so together we can work out how you will bring the changes you seek to make.
Some of the areas I have counselling experience in include: Adjusting to different life stages - Anger issues - Anxiety - Low / mid anxiety or depression - Controlling behaviour - Impact of Covid 19 - Domestic abuse - Grief and loss - Singleness - Self esteem/self worth - Relationships/ Separation - Shame and guilt - Spiritual growth - Work issues.
My role as a counsellor is to help you to get on the path to bring about the changes you wish to make in your life. I believe in listening to, valuing and honouring people and the path they walk in life. I am available to meet with you to discuss and talk through anything that is concerning you, or that you would like to see different in your life. An initial counselling session will enable you to discuss with me what you want to achieve during the counselling process. It will also help me to gain a bigger picture of who you are, so together we can work out how you will bring the changes you seek to make.
![Photo of Kelly Redman, MPsych, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1c532404-3689-4083-9c8d-359d9cf9c019/1/320x400.jpeg)
I have experience working with people who are on their healing journey from childhood harm, adult sexual assault and domestic violence. I support people to through a non-judgmental and trauma-informed approach. I will support you to understand what has happened, and plan a life forward that can be full of purpose. I also supervise clinicians in their practice. As a Community Psychologist, I take a ecological approach, meaning we look at more than just the individual. I also work with clinicians who are having difficulties in their current work related to their own history of trauma.
I have experience working with people who are on their healing journey from childhood harm, adult sexual assault and domestic violence. I support people to through a non-judgmental and trauma-informed approach. I will support you to understand what has happened, and plan a life forward that can be full of purpose. I also supervise clinicians in their practice. As a Community Psychologist, I take a ecological approach, meaning we look at more than just the individual. I also work with clinicians who are having difficulties in their current work related to their own history of trauma.
![Photo of Briony Barton-Chapple, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d015490f-8add-4c69-9811-215155eeac42/2/320x400.jpeg)
Overwhelmed by anxiety or depression? Struggling to cope with your relationship, life or work? Paralysed by decision making? Frustrated with those around you? Dissatisfied with where your life and relationships are at? I work with individuals, couples, children and young people, and can offer you a safe and confidential space to help you explore solutions that are right for you and your particular situation. Clients come to see me with various difficulties in their lives, including depression, loss, anxiety, bereavement, sexual abuse, trauma, low self-esteem and couples who are experiencing difficulties in their relationships.
Overwhelmed by anxiety or depression? Struggling to cope with your relationship, life or work? Paralysed by decision making? Frustrated with those around you? Dissatisfied with where your life and relationships are at? I work with individuals, couples, children and young people, and can offer you a safe and confidential space to help you explore solutions that are right for you and your particular situation. Clients come to see me with various difficulties in their lives, including depression, loss, anxiety, bereavement, sexual abuse, trauma, low self-esteem and couples who are experiencing difficulties in their relationships.
![Photo of Heidi Threlfo - Practice Supervision and Personal Support](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ca76095f-aebf-44da-b19c-8682d3c24731/2/320x400.jpeg)
Offering practice in Wellington, New Zealand, I specialise in decolonisation, domestic violence, self care and vicarious trauma.
I find inspiration in working with people to discover the possibilities in their lives to experience fearlessness, expression, joy, love and freedom. I am a specialist in navigating safely from abuse and decolonisation. Together we can find safe pathways of meaning from suffering to liberation from our socialisation, and attachment imprinting. Through exploring cultural, spiritual, and creative practices to embrace and reflect on ancestral, intergenerational, and personal stories we can anchor in our strengths to heal and connect more deeply with ourselves and others. An artist and mystic focused on soulful living.
Offering practice in Wellington, New Zealand, I specialise in decolonisation, domestic violence, self care and vicarious trauma.
I find inspiration in working with people to discover the possibilities in their lives to experience fearlessness, expression, joy, love and freedom. I am a specialist in navigating safely from abuse and decolonisation. Together we can find safe pathways of meaning from suffering to liberation from our socialisation, and attachment imprinting. Through exploring cultural, spiritual, and creative practices to embrace and reflect on ancestral, intergenerational, and personal stories we can anchor in our strengths to heal and connect more deeply with ourselves and others. An artist and mystic focused on soulful living.
![Photo of Bernard Smith, MNZAC, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/358d0ed6-18e4-4e10-83b4-f7caae696aba/1/320x400.jpeg)
Bernard earned his counselling and clinical supervision qualifications at the University of Waikato and Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology. He has been a full member of New Zealand Association of Counsellors (NZAC) since 2005. Bernard has worked in private practice since 2005 providing counselling and clinical supervision services to individuals, teams and a range of social service agencies in the community. Bernard accepts self-referred clients as well as individuals referred through a range of contracts he has with ACC Sensitive Claims, Family Court, Victim Support, numerous EAP providers and social service agencies.
Bernard earned his counselling and clinical supervision qualifications at the University of Waikato and Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology. He has been a full member of New Zealand Association of Counsellors (NZAC) since 2005. Bernard has worked in private practice since 2005 providing counselling and clinical supervision services to individuals, teams and a range of social service agencies in the community. Bernard accepts self-referred clients as well as individuals referred through a range of contracts he has with ACC Sensitive Claims, Family Court, Victim Support, numerous EAP providers and social service agencies.
![Photo of Renata Barros, MA, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/af22433a-e30c-475d-b730-bbb3a21f77ae/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am specialised in clinical care and have extensive practice with complex cases, including anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma issues. I have worked in public health and private practice in Brazil and NZ and was responsible for carrying out mental health services and managing clinical teams. Currently, I work at my private practice in Wellington. I am a Provisional Member of the NZAC and Member of the Centre for Lacanian Analysis in NZ. I have a Master’s in Social and Institutional Psychology (recognised level 9 NZQA), Specialisation in Clinical Care, and Bachelor’s degree in Psychology (recognised level 7 NZQA).
I am specialised in clinical care and have extensive practice with complex cases, including anxiety, depression, grief, and trauma issues. I have worked in public health and private practice in Brazil and NZ and was responsible for carrying out mental health services and managing clinical teams. Currently, I work at my private practice in Wellington. I am a Provisional Member of the NZAC and Member of the Centre for Lacanian Analysis in NZ. I have a Master’s in Social and Institutional Psychology (recognised level 9 NZQA), Specialisation in Clinical Care, and Bachelor’s degree in Psychology (recognised level 7 NZQA).
![Photo of Ashley Raju (Maharani Movement), MCouns, NZAC - Provisional, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/63fbec8b-5a67-4d20-886a-4e1aee46440c/1/320x400.jpeg)
Ashley Raju (Maharani Movement)
Counsellor, MCouns, NZAC - Provisional
Verified Verified
Wellington 6023 (Online Only)
Kia ora, Ni sa Bula Vinaka and Namaste, I’m Ashley. I use an anti-oppressive, holistic, trauma-informed lens centered around those most impacted by patriarchy, sexism, misogyny, and colonization. I support women, femmes, and non-binary people of color through identity struggles, cultural assimilation, and trauma including racial, intergenerational, and sexual. I use Indigenous wellness models and trauma-informed yoga to foster healing and provide strategies for nervous system regulation & body reconnection. My focus is on easing anxiety, depression, sensory overwhelm, and a deeper understanding for highly sensitive people.
Kia ora, Ni sa Bula Vinaka and Namaste, I’m Ashley. I use an anti-oppressive, holistic, trauma-informed lens centered around those most impacted by patriarchy, sexism, misogyny, and colonization. I support women, femmes, and non-binary people of color through identity struggles, cultural assimilation, and trauma including racial, intergenerational, and sexual. I use Indigenous wellness models and trauma-informed yoga to foster healing and provide strategies for nervous system regulation & body reconnection. My focus is on easing anxiety, depression, sensory overwhelm, and a deeper understanding for highly sensitive people.
Commonly there is a range, e.g., addictions, mental health, offending, whānau dynamics, intergenerational trauma from colonisation and racist policies
Commonly there is a range, e.g., addictions, mental health, offending, whānau dynamics, intergenerational trauma from colonisation and racist policies
![Photo of Sue O'Hagan - Sue O'Hagan Counselling, MNZAC, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6f73f64f-7e55-4195-8055-967b1b2a4f9c/1/320x400.jpeg)
I offer in person counselling in Kāpiti or online counselling throughout New Zealand to adults and adolescents. I am flexible in my approach, which is individualised for you depending on your current needs. I work in a client centred, collaborative way where we meet together as equals working to satisfy the outcome that you desire, respecting your values, beliefs and uniqueness. We will work together and at a pace that works for you enabling you to heal and move forward to your wholeness - of what is already there. I believe that we can find solutions to your difficulties using the strength and resources that you have within you.
I offer in person counselling in Kāpiti or online counselling throughout New Zealand to adults and adolescents. I am flexible in my approach, which is individualised for you depending on your current needs. I work in a client centred, collaborative way where we meet together as equals working to satisfy the outcome that you desire, respecting your values, beliefs and uniqueness. We will work together and at a pace that works for you enabling you to heal and move forward to your wholeness - of what is already there. I believe that we can find solutions to your difficulties using the strength and resources that you have within you.
See more therapy options for Nelson
Domestic Abuse Counsellors
What are the most effective ways to recover from domestic abuse?
Leaving an abusive relationship requires tremendous courage, so survivors in treatment should recognise that they have already completed the most important step. Still, the trauma of physical or emotional abuse can be difficult to process and overcome. Therapy can help survivors process trauma, grief, and difficult emotions, treat relevant mental health symptoms, and create a new framework for boundaries and relationships in the future. For some, support groups can also be an invaluable outlet for healing.
When should an individual seek help for domestic abuse?
Victims of intimate partner violence should seek help immediately. It can take substantial time, planning, energy, and courage to leave an abusive relationship, but starting the process—by seeking therapy, calling the domestic violence hotline, or simply confiding in a loved one—will help them get there. Those who have left abusive relationships but haven’t sought treatment can also greatly benefit from therapy to process and heal from the experience.
What are the consequences of staying in an abusive relationship?
Remaining in an abusive relationship has serious repercussions. In addition to the ongoing threat of physical danger and emotional abuse, research shows that intimate partner violence is associated with a range of mental health disorders including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and substance abuse. Therefore it’s important for individuals in an abusive relationship to seek help as soon as possible.
How can you get domestic abuse treatment for someone else?
It can be very complicated to identify and leave an abusive relationship; barriers include the threat of violence, financial instability, and family pressures. Those concerned about a loved one in an abusive relationship should talk to them about the situation, provide them with resources such as the domestic violence hotline, and introduce the idea of seeing a therapist due to their concern for the person’s safety and well-being.