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As today’s students face alarming challenges in the realm of mental health, May’s observance of Mental Health Awareness Month is an opportune time to start impactful conversations around both the problem and its solutions.
In the 2022 College Student Mental Health Report from BestColleges, 46 percent of college students reported that their mental health status was fair or poor, while only 22 percent said their mental health was very good or excellent. More than half (51 percent) of students participating in the survey stated that their mental health has worsened during their time on campus.
Further, according to a Healthy Minds Study from 373 campuses, more than 60 percent of college students met the criteria for at least one mental health challenge during the 2020–2021 school year. The survey also reveals that 83 percent of students said their mental health struggles had negatively impacted their school performance, and that two-thirds of college students are struggling with loneliness and isolation—an all-time high that reflects the impact of the pandemic on students.
While these challenges have been amplified in recent years by COVID-19, they are hardly new. A recent meta-analysis which tracked data from 345 studies done between 1979 and 2019, all using the UCLA Loneliness Scale, showed that each successive young adult generation is lonelier than the one before.
The distress which so many students are experiencing calls for us to act with urgency and compassion. It also calls for us to find innovative approaches that reach more young people, can be quickly and nimbly implemented, and form a stronger network of support for all those interacting with college-age youth.
This is precisely where a paradigm for transformation exists. A number of colleges and universities are on the right track in terms of looking for new ways to support students, building a stronger sense of belonging, and incorporating mental health and wellness into classrooms—and their approaches merit broader adoption. For example, Dartmouth College has embarked on a four-year campaign to improve mental health on campus, an initiative that includes life skills development opportunities for undergraduates, fostering social connectedness, and a 24-hour on-call crisis counseling line.
Colleges understand that the magnitude of current needs warrants a public health response, as opposed to the more typical clinical approach. That is, we can no longer expect a clinical approach that solely relies on weekly one-hour counseling sessions to effectively treat distress. Instead, we need to look for opportunities to build prevention and mental health promotion programs, increase college community engagement, and change policies to better support student mental health.
Prevention of mental illness and promotion of mental health are important approaches that will benefit all students, regardless of current levels of distress. Such programming involves psychoeducation, the sharing of active coping skills, and clearing pathways for accessing help early and quickly. It also involves engaging with students to teach them daily activities that will promote mental health, such as establishing strong, supportive relationships, being mindful of their physical health, forming healthy eating and sleeping habits, and finding a community of support. This generation of college students experienced a significant interruption to their social connections and skills related to relationship management. Focused opportunities for youth to build a sense of belonging, with structures to check in and follow up when students disengage, are critical.
Increasing college community engagement means that supporting students’ mental health becomes the focus and responsibility of all adults on campus, not just the purview of staff at the institution’s mental health centre. Training for all employees on identifying signs and symptoms of distress, and how to respond to students in a time of crisis, is essential. Training for professors on understanding how emotional distress impacts learning and how to integrate social-emotional learning into academic instruction is another key strategy.
The Center for Behavioral Health, Equity, and Leadership in Schools at William James College is a pioneer in training faculty to recognize these challenges while also incorporating wellness practices into class curriculum. This does not imply that professors will be diagnosing or delivering treatment; instead, it indicates they will have a greater understanding of the inextricable connection between emotions and learning and how they can best support students' emotional and academic health.
William James College’s paradigm can be replicated around the country. Ongoing training with faculty and staff regarding how to address leaves of absence, how to intervene promptly when students are disengaging, and how to best support learning will lead to improved policies and procedures.
Further, colleges and universities can take a more proactive approach to prevent potential mental health crises before they occur. For instance, the Ruderman Family Foundation and Boston University’s Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences in 2021 co-created two first-of-their-kind manuals—one for students, the other for faculty and staff—with best practices for campus leave-of-absence policies and for using a leave productively. Such tools can serve to help campuses formulate more effective policies before crises occur.
If academic institutions increasingly implement these innovative approaches and others, the outlook for students’ mental health nationwide is poised to be a brighter one in the years to come.
