Counselling in London

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Photo of Catherine Bryan, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Catherine Bryan
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London SW4  (Online Only)
I believe that everyone is the expert of their own lives and therefore I aim to work collaboratively with my clients and will adapt my approach to best suit to their needs. I offer a safe, trusting and non-judgemental space to explore the difficulties you are experiencing and work towards the meaningful changes you desire. I draw on a range of therapeutic approaches (e.g. CBT, compassion focused therapy, ACT & EMDR ) supporting adults of all ages. I have experience supporting individuals with a range of difficulties including low mood, anxiety, stress, shame as well as relationship and sexual difficulties.
I believe that everyone is the expert of their own lives and therefore I aim to work collaboratively with my clients and will adapt my approach to best suit to their needs. I offer a safe, trusting and non-judgemental space to explore the difficulties you are experiencing and work towards the meaningful changes you desire. I draw on a range of therapeutic approaches (e.g. CBT, compassion focused therapy, ACT & EMDR ) supporting adults of all ages. I have experience supporting individuals with a range of difficulties including low mood, anxiety, stress, shame as well as relationship and sexual difficulties.
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Photo of Charlene Edwards, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Charlene Edwards
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London E17
There may be many reasons why you are finding life more difficult at the moment. This could be longstanding problems or perhaps something you've noticed more recently. You may want to understand why this is happening to you and what has contributed to this in order to be able to make differences in how you feel or the things that you may be doing or not doing. Each person is unique and whatever may be going on, I can support you in understanding the root of these difficulties and then help to make life long changes in order for you to make the most out of your life moving forward.
There may be many reasons why you are finding life more difficult at the moment. This could be longstanding problems or perhaps something you've noticed more recently. You may want to understand why this is happening to you and what has contributed to this in order to be able to make differences in how you feel or the things that you may be doing or not doing. Each person is unique and whatever may be going on, I can support you in understanding the root of these difficulties and then help to make life long changes in order for you to make the most out of your life moving forward.
020 3322 2386 View 020 3322 2386
Photo of Dr Laura Eid, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Laura Eid
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London N3
Hi! I'm Laura, a Clinical Psychologist trained in the UK and based at The Oak Tree Practice and Little Bee Clinic in Finchley, London. I appreciate that choosing a psychologist can be a tricky task so am always happy to have a chat before agreeing to meet! I believe therapy is an active process where we work together to really make a difference to your life, whether that be by managing difficult thoughts and feelings, to taking action to improve challenges you’re experiencing. Therapy can also be useful to help you better understand how your mind works & why you are the way you are!
Hi! I'm Laura, a Clinical Psychologist trained in the UK and based at The Oak Tree Practice and Little Bee Clinic in Finchley, London. I appreciate that choosing a psychologist can be a tricky task so am always happy to have a chat before agreeing to meet! I believe therapy is an active process where we work together to really make a difference to your life, whether that be by managing difficult thoughts and feelings, to taking action to improve challenges you’re experiencing. Therapy can also be useful to help you better understand how your mind works & why you are the way you are!
020 3984 7996 View 020 3984 7996
Photo of Andrea Abraham, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Andrea Abraham
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SW3
As a dedicated Psychotherapist, I work deeply to uncover the root causes of any difficulties you may be facing in your life or relationships. I utilize a therapeutic approach that delves into the unconscious mind, which operates beyond our conscious awareness. This method provides deeper understanding of any of any unmanageable emotions, repetitive behaviors, unhealthy relationships, and habits that may be affecting you.I am a fully qualified, licensed Psychotherapist & Hypnotherapist with 20 years’ experience I have an Advanced Diploma from Yale University USA, and two advanced Diplomas from Harvard University.
As a dedicated Psychotherapist, I work deeply to uncover the root causes of any difficulties you may be facing in your life or relationships. I utilize a therapeutic approach that delves into the unconscious mind, which operates beyond our conscious awareness. This method provides deeper understanding of any of any unmanageable emotions, repetitive behaviors, unhealthy relationships, and habits that may be affecting you.I am a fully qualified, licensed Psychotherapist & Hypnotherapist with 20 years’ experience I have an Advanced Diploma from Yale University USA, and two advanced Diplomas from Harvard University.
07480 789935 View 07480 789935
Photo of Holly Rose, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Holly Rose
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
London W1G
I support people beyond symptom management and aim to resolve the deeper causes of their difficulties. I am trained in a variety of therapy and I use these frameworks to help clients to resolve any past losses and to build a clearer, more settled connection to themselves and their surroundings.
I support people beyond symptom management and aim to resolve the deeper causes of their difficulties. I am trained in a variety of therapy and I use these frameworks to help clients to resolve any past losses and to build a clearer, more settled connection to themselves and their surroundings.
020 7870 5759 View 020 7870 5759
Photo of Sara Pantaleone, MA, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Sara Pantaleone
Psychologist, MA, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
London E8
In my work as a Clinical Psychologist I help young people, parents and adults, who are struggling to manage their feelings and their relationships (e.g. at university, school or work). As a Psychotherapist I specialise working with young people and young adults who may feel stuck in their life, struggling to transition to the next stage of development. Therapy gives an opportunity to understand what dynamics have been at work for a long time time that are contributing to feelings of anxiety and low mood. At times, complex early experiences come to the surface, and these can be explored and processed within the safe space of therapy.
In my work as a Clinical Psychologist I help young people, parents and adults, who are struggling to manage their feelings and their relationships (e.g. at university, school or work). As a Psychotherapist I specialise working with young people and young adults who may feel stuck in their life, struggling to transition to the next stage of development. Therapy gives an opportunity to understand what dynamics have been at work for a long time time that are contributing to feelings of anxiety and low mood. At times, complex early experiences come to the surface, and these can be explored and processed within the safe space of therapy.
020 4538 2451 View 020 4538 2451
Photo of Dedani Dlodlo - Dr Dedani Dlodlo, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Dedani Dlodlo
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
London SW9
I aim to create a secure and empathetic space for individuals and couples to explore and overcome their emotional challenges. I have a special interest in working with individuals and couples who have experienced complex trauma, anxiety, depression, workplace issues, and relationship dynamics, to facilitate a process of healing that helps achieve resilience and change. I work to foster an environment where clients feel empowered to engage in deep self-exploration and implement practical strategies that promote personal growth, enhance relationships, and lead to lasting psychological well-being.
I aim to create a secure and empathetic space for individuals and couples to explore and overcome their emotional challenges. I have a special interest in working with individuals and couples who have experienced complex trauma, anxiety, depression, workplace issues, and relationship dynamics, to facilitate a process of healing that helps achieve resilience and change. I work to foster an environment where clients feel empowered to engage in deep self-exploration and implement practical strategies that promote personal growth, enhance relationships, and lead to lasting psychological well-being.
020 3985 9054 View 020 3985 9054
Photo of Laura Colquhoun, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Laura Colquhoun
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
London W1G
Life can be difficult at times. We can feel depressed, anxious, stressed, worried or unable to cope. This can impact on all aspects of our lives; personal and professional. Sometimes all a client needs is someone to really listen to them and to accept what they are saying in a non-judgemental way. Therapy comes in all different shapes and sizes and I believe the mode of therapy should fit the client, we are all individuals after all. I put you, the client at the centre of the work and believe that together we can work collaboratively to help you mange your life more happily and successfully.
Life can be difficult at times. We can feel depressed, anxious, stressed, worried or unable to cope. This can impact on all aspects of our lives; personal and professional. Sometimes all a client needs is someone to really listen to them and to accept what they are saying in a non-judgemental way. Therapy comes in all different shapes and sizes and I believe the mode of therapy should fit the client, we are all individuals after all. I put you, the client at the centre of the work and believe that together we can work collaboratively to help you mange your life more happily and successfully.
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Photo of Michael Higgins, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Michael Higgins
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
London SE1
I work with people who are stuck and want to get moving again in some area of their lives. They can be stuck for many reasons, but commonly this is anxiety, depression or life events, including the death of someone close, the loss of a job or illness, to name a few. To address these challenges, I offer a space and time to explore what is bothering you, what the best thing to focus on right now is, and how we can work together to get things moving again.
I work with people who are stuck and want to get moving again in some area of their lives. They can be stuck for many reasons, but commonly this is anxiety, depression or life events, including the death of someone close, the loss of a job or illness, to name a few. To address these challenges, I offer a space and time to explore what is bothering you, what the best thing to focus on right now is, and how we can work together to get things moving again.
020 3823 6819 View 020 3823 6819
Photo of Dr Madeleine Jago, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Madeleine Jago
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London SW4
I offer psychological therapy online or face to face at the Seven Lion Yard Practice in Clapham. I have experience working with clients across the lifespan and within the NHS I currently work in a specialist burns unit with both adults and young people. In my private work, I see a broad range of difficulties such as anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). I also help people who might be adjusting to a major life change or challenge, such as a health condition or the end of a relationship.
I offer psychological therapy online or face to face at the Seven Lion Yard Practice in Clapham. I have experience working with clients across the lifespan and within the NHS I currently work in a specialist burns unit with both adults and young people. In my private work, I see a broad range of difficulties such as anxiety, stress, low self-esteem, depression and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). I also help people who might be adjusting to a major life change or challenge, such as a health condition or the end of a relationship.
020 4538 4233 View 020 4538 4233
Photo of Dr Anastasia Sgoumpopoulou, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Dr Anastasia Sgoumpopoulou
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London NW1  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm a registered bilingual psychologist proudly affiliated with the BACP. My journey has meandered through the NHS, the voluntary sector, and private practice. I have obtained a Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology at the University of East London, a masters in Mental Health at Kings College London and an undergraduate in psychology at University College London. Throughout this journey, I've worked with individuals navigating a spectrum of emotional challenges and life hurdles. While my specialization lies in addictions and trauma, I offer support to people experiencing a diverse array of emotional challenges.
Hello! I'm a registered bilingual psychologist proudly affiliated with the BACP. My journey has meandered through the NHS, the voluntary sector, and private practice. I have obtained a Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology at the University of East London, a masters in Mental Health at Kings College London and an undergraduate in psychology at University College London. Throughout this journey, I've worked with individuals navigating a spectrum of emotional challenges and life hurdles. While my specialization lies in addictions and trauma, I offer support to people experiencing a diverse array of emotional challenges.
020 3835 5754 View 020 3835 5754
Photo of Dr Jessica Mayer Johnson, PhD, BPC, Psychotherapist
Dr Jessica Mayer Johnson
Psychotherapist, PhD, BPC
Verified Verified
London N1
I have over 18 years post qualification experience as a psychotherapist/ counsellor Jungian analyst and Group Therapist working privately and in the NHS. I also work as a psychotherapist at the University of London and teach and supervise trainee counsellors and psychotherapists.
I have over 18 years post qualification experience as a psychotherapist/ counsellor Jungian analyst and Group Therapist working privately and in the NHS. I also work as a psychotherapist at the University of London and teach and supervise trainee counsellors and psychotherapists.
020 3870 3387 View 020 3870 3387
Photo of Sally Bild, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Sally Bild
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
London N1
Life can be challenging and there are times when we may need help to navigate our way through it. Often our early experiences in our families don't equip us to manage life as well as we would like. This can cause difficulties in our relationships, both with ourselves and others and can lead us to repeat patterns that are unhelpful and leave us feeling depressed and anxious or stuck and unfulfilled. Therapy can help us to understand ourselves and our experiences and to give us the resources to cope with difficult feelings and circumstances. It can help us to improve our lives and relationships and make better decisions.
Life can be challenging and there are times when we may need help to navigate our way through it. Often our early experiences in our families don't equip us to manage life as well as we would like. This can cause difficulties in our relationships, both with ourselves and others and can lead us to repeat patterns that are unhelpful and leave us feeling depressed and anxious or stuck and unfulfilled. Therapy can help us to understand ourselves and our experiences and to give us the resources to cope with difficult feelings and circumstances. It can help us to improve our lives and relationships and make better decisions.
020 4538 3497 View 020 4538 3497
Photo of Monica Susanne Mason, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Monica Susanne Mason
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
London SW7
Modern life in a big city like London can be exciting but also unsettling at times. It is easy to sometimes feel overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, alone and at loss of where to start. Therapy can help in times of uncertainty. By exploring your thoughts and feelings from both past and present, links can be made to increase your understanding and thereby helping you moving forward. Increased self knowledge and insight can be crucial in forming close and authentic relationships with others, often bringing higher self esteem as a result. Therapy can be a good support and give you hope when you are going through a difficult time.
Modern life in a big city like London can be exciting but also unsettling at times. It is easy to sometimes feel overwhelmed, anxious, depressed, alone and at loss of where to start. Therapy can help in times of uncertainty. By exploring your thoughts and feelings from both past and present, links can be made to increase your understanding and thereby helping you moving forward. Increased self knowledge and insight can be crucial in forming close and authentic relationships with others, often bringing higher self esteem as a result. Therapy can be a good support and give you hope when you are going through a difficult time.
023 8214 6815 View 023 8214 6815
Photo of Haneyeh Belyani, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Haneyeh Belyani
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
London EC2M
My integrative training and years of experience enables me to draw on a range of psychological therapies in my work with children, adults, couples and families. I work with a range of difficulties including depressions, anxiety, trauma and relationship difficulties.
My integrative training and years of experience enables me to draw on a range of psychological therapies in my work with children, adults, couples and families. I work with a range of difficulties including depressions, anxiety, trauma and relationship difficulties.
020 3962 1652 View 020 3962 1652
Photo of Kenny Larkin, BACP, Psychotherapist
Kenny Larkin
Psychotherapist, BACP
Verified Verified
London N1
It is not uncommon to reach a point in life where you feel you need to reach out for help and talk about what is going on for you in a safe space without the fear of being judged, not being taken seriously and with someone who is trained to help you. It doesn't matter how problematic your life is or what form, or size (small, medium or big) the problems or challenges in your life take, if they are causing you to suffer and be unhappy then I can help you explore them, move forwards and grow at a pace that works for you.
It is not uncommon to reach a point in life where you feel you need to reach out for help and talk about what is going on for you in a safe space without the fear of being judged, not being taken seriously and with someone who is trained to help you. It doesn't matter how problematic your life is or what form, or size (small, medium or big) the problems or challenges in your life take, if they are causing you to suffer and be unhappy then I can help you explore them, move forwards and grow at a pace that works for you.
020 3962 1744 View 020 3962 1744
Photo of Anna Kenny-Ginard, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Anna Kenny-Ginard
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
London W1W
Reaching out for help or support when you need to is both courageous and necessary. Have you been feeling low, or battling anxiety in your day-to-day life? Perhaps you feel lost or stuck, sensing a need for some sort of change yet unsure how to move forward. Maybe some of your behaviours are worrying you? As a highly qualified psychotherapist with experience across a wide spectrum of challenges, I can offer you a comfortable, confidential space where, together, we can search for the answers you need. From my welcoming room in the heart of London, we can make sense the feelings which have prompted you to seek support.
Reaching out for help or support when you need to is both courageous and necessary. Have you been feeling low, or battling anxiety in your day-to-day life? Perhaps you feel lost or stuck, sensing a need for some sort of change yet unsure how to move forward. Maybe some of your behaviours are worrying you? As a highly qualified psychotherapist with experience across a wide spectrum of challenges, I can offer you a comfortable, confidential space where, together, we can search for the answers you need. From my welcoming room in the heart of London, we can make sense the feelings which have prompted you to seek support.
020 3838 0880 View 020 3838 0880
Photo of Silvia Checa Casals, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Silvia Checa Casals
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
London SW1V
Have you been feeling lost? Perhaps you are feeling low, or edgy, finding it difficult to make connections, to find some meaning? Perhaps you have tried therapy in the past and it just felt too clinical for you. You may have lost someone or something and it is difficult to keep going. Are you questioning who you are? your gender, your sexuality, your relationship? . Whatever it is that you may be feeling or thinking, I can support you in making sense of your experiences.
Have you been feeling lost? Perhaps you are feeling low, or edgy, finding it difficult to make connections, to find some meaning? Perhaps you have tried therapy in the past and it just felt too clinical for you. You may have lost someone or something and it is difficult to keep going. Are you questioning who you are? your gender, your sexuality, your relationship? . Whatever it is that you may be feeling or thinking, I can support you in making sense of your experiences.
020 3917 4181 View 020 3917 4181
Photo of Yossi Koffler, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Yossi Koffler
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
London W1G
My name is Yossi Koffler and I am a Clinical Psychologist, trained in UCL and based in London, UK. With over a decade of experience delivering psychology sessions, I have cultivated a deep understanding of various disciplines including Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Compassion Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness. My aim is always to craft the most suitable solution for each client's unique needs. Whether you're contemplating a shift in your life, navigating past traumas, addressing emotional challenges, or pursuing personal growth, I am here to support you.
My name is Yossi Koffler and I am a Clinical Psychologist, trained in UCL and based in London, UK. With over a decade of experience delivering psychology sessions, I have cultivated a deep understanding of various disciplines including Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Compassion Focused Therapy, and Mindfulness. My aim is always to craft the most suitable solution for each client's unique needs. Whether you're contemplating a shift in your life, navigating past traumas, addressing emotional challenges, or pursuing personal growth, I am here to support you.
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Photo of David Weale, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
David Weale
Psychotherapist, MUKCP
Verified Verified
London WC1H
I am a transactional analysis psychotherapist and counsellor. I always appreciate that it takes courage to seek support and the first step can seem daunting. Therapy can help to organise your thoughts and feelings and free you from repeated patterns of behaviour that prevent you from leading a happier and more fulfilling life. You can learn to understand why those patterns are there and how to change them, so that they no longer control what you are trying to achieve for yourself. I work online and face to face (depending on availability of space). The virtual setting is calm, confidential and safe.
I am a transactional analysis psychotherapist and counsellor. I always appreciate that it takes courage to seek support and the first step can seem daunting. Therapy can help to organise your thoughts and feelings and free you from repeated patterns of behaviour that prevent you from leading a happier and more fulfilling life. You can learn to understand why those patterns are there and how to change them, so that they no longer control what you are trying to achieve for yourself. I work online and face to face (depending on availability of space). The virtual setting is calm, confidential and safe.
020 3917 4167 View 020 3917 4167
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See more therapy options for London

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in London

3,000+

Average cost per session

£75

Counsellors in London who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
84% Self Esteem
81% Relationship Issues
79% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD
63% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Aviva
64% AXA PPP
57% Vitality

How Counsellors in London see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in London?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.