Counselling in Thatcham
![Photo of Maxine Hoskins, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/54a617aa-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I believe we all have, in ourselves, the ability to work through our own problems; sometimes we just need the space, time and support to do it. Talking through emotional turmoil, life experiences or life changes can help you gain clarity and a better understanding of yourself. Sometimes talking to our friends and family can seem too daunting, often we can’t help wondering if we will be taken seriously and what they might think of us. We don’t want to worry them or think nobody will be interested. What would it be like to talk without judgment or advice? Someone who acts as a thinking partner.
I believe we all have, in ourselves, the ability to work through our own problems; sometimes we just need the space, time and support to do it. Talking through emotional turmoil, life experiences or life changes can help you gain clarity and a better understanding of yourself. Sometimes talking to our friends and family can seem too daunting, often we can’t help wondering if we will be taken seriously and what they might think of us. We don’t want to worry them or think nobody will be interested. What would it be like to talk without judgment or advice? Someone who acts as a thinking partner.
![Photo of Ajay Lamba, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6a11e766-8f6d-4aee-b830-aed04eca167c/1/320x400.jpeg)
Ajay Lamba has delivered psychotherapy in NHS hospitals and private practice, which has provided a wealth of experience with people from diverse backgrounds and all age groups. His academic and work career has been focused on helping people achieve their goals of recovery by relieving symptoms of depression and anxiety, from mild to severe psychological difficulties.
Ajay Lamba has delivered psychotherapy in NHS hospitals and private practice, which has provided a wealth of experience with people from diverse backgrounds and all age groups. His academic and work career has been focused on helping people achieve their goals of recovery by relieving symptoms of depression and anxiety, from mild to severe psychological difficulties.
![Photo of Dr Albert Zandvoort, PhD, MUKCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2b8525ec-8072-4d23-a0de-8e9f0d856fb2/2/320x400.jpeg)
Dr Albert Zandvoort
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Thatcham RG19
Waitlist for new clients
I offer confidential, client focused psychotherapy, Face-Face & Zoom worldwide . Through dialogue and the shared exploration of your life, you may find relief from recurring problems, live your life more fully and realise your full potential. Therapy is a personal and individual process of change, as well as understanding. This is an opportunity to take time and space to think about yourself and the problems you may be facing. By talking to a trained psychotherapist you may find it easier to understand how past experiences, thought patterns and behaviour, or anxieties about the future are causing difficulties in your daily life.
I offer confidential, client focused psychotherapy, Face-Face & Zoom worldwide . Through dialogue and the shared exploration of your life, you may find relief from recurring problems, live your life more fully and realise your full potential. Therapy is a personal and individual process of change, as well as understanding. This is an opportunity to take time and space to think about yourself and the problems you may be facing. By talking to a trained psychotherapist you may find it easier to understand how past experiences, thought patterns and behaviour, or anxieties about the future are causing difficulties in your daily life.
![Photo of Deborah Auer, DCounsPsych, CPsychol, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a7c94306-ee1d-4f2d-a78a-202b87f6a5ec/2/320x400.jpeg)
I work with what each client brings in a unique and individual way focusing on the therapeutic relationship as the vehicle for change. Being curious about human behaviour has resulted in my career in psychology. I have particular interest and expertise in helping individuals deal with change, anxiety, depression, eating disorders and body image challenges. I also offer clinical supervision to qualified and in training psychological therapists.
I work with what each client brings in a unique and individual way focusing on the therapeutic relationship as the vehicle for change. Being curious about human behaviour has resulted in my career in psychology. I have particular interest and expertise in helping individuals deal with change, anxiety, depression, eating disorders and body image challenges. I also offer clinical supervision to qualified and in training psychological therapists.
![Photo of Jana Jenkins, PsychD, AFBPSsS, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7c742bd1-42e4-433a-b565-384d3c627ef0/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am a clinical psychologist and help people struggling with a variety of mental health problems. I particularly enjoy working with people who present with long standing difficulties stemming from their early traumatic experiences. As a coaching psychologist I help people to achieve their goals and facilitate change. I like working on life's transitions such as parenthood, divorce, retirement etc. I find my work is very rewarding regardless whether I help someone to work through difficult traumas or improving their performance at work.
I am a clinical psychologist and help people struggling with a variety of mental health problems. I particularly enjoy working with people who present with long standing difficulties stemming from their early traumatic experiences. As a coaching psychologist I help people to achieve their goals and facilitate change. I like working on life's transitions such as parenthood, divorce, retirement etc. I find my work is very rewarding regardless whether I help someone to work through difficult traumas or improving their performance at work.
![Photo of Stewart Malcolm Kennedy - Partner at the Professional Psychology Practice, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/007b1383-a5bf-443a-8ae5-f0515b21be85/3/320x400.jpeg)
Partner at the Professional Psychology Practice
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Thatcham RG19
I am a highly experienced substance abuse specialist with a Master’s degree in Addiction Psychology and Counselling. I’m a Registered Member of the British Association of Counselling & Psychotherapy (MBACP) with over ten years’ experience, working for the majority of drug and alcohol services across the southeast. I now seek to offer my services (either in person at our discreet practice or on Zoom) to assist individuals who may be struggling with their own levels of alcohol/drug intake and who are either wishing to cut down or stop altogether.
I am a highly experienced substance abuse specialist with a Master’s degree in Addiction Psychology and Counselling. I’m a Registered Member of the British Association of Counselling & Psychotherapy (MBACP) with over ten years’ experience, working for the majority of drug and alcohol services across the southeast. I now seek to offer my services (either in person at our discreet practice or on Zoom) to assist individuals who may be struggling with their own levels of alcohol/drug intake and who are either wishing to cut down or stop altogether.
![Photo of Mette Whittaker, CPsychol, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/51b1359a-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am a chartered and registered Psychologist with over 20 years experience in providing evidence-based therapeutic services, including CBT and EMDR, to adolescents and adults experiencing life problems and psychological difficulties, such as anxiety, depression, trauma-related symptoms, low self-esteem, anger, sexualised and sexually harmful behaviours and other emotional and behavioural difficulties. I believe that everyone has the ability to take charge of their own recovery, and therefore I work collaboratively with each client to give them the tools needed to lead healthier and happier lives.
I am a chartered and registered Psychologist with over 20 years experience in providing evidence-based therapeutic services, including CBT and EMDR, to adolescents and adults experiencing life problems and psychological difficulties, such as anxiety, depression, trauma-related symptoms, low self-esteem, anger, sexualised and sexually harmful behaviours and other emotional and behavioural difficulties. I believe that everyone has the ability to take charge of their own recovery, and therefore I work collaboratively with each client to give them the tools needed to lead healthier and happier lives.
![Photo of Emma Bengough, MBACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/525287ee-ee09-4ce4-8ffd-4a57f87ffdc2/1/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, I’m Emma and I offer a compassionate and containing space for us to explore what it is that has brought you into therapy and how we can understand what is needed for you to have the full life experiencer that you desire. I offer an eclectic approach to therapy, depending on the needs you are coming for and the age, circumstance and appropriateness of how we will work together. I believe the relationship we hold is at the centre of the healing process and so I will be focused on what that needs to be for you and how that needs to be developed with others too.
Hi, I’m Emma and I offer a compassionate and containing space for us to explore what it is that has brought you into therapy and how we can understand what is needed for you to have the full life experiencer that you desire. I offer an eclectic approach to therapy, depending on the needs you are coming for and the age, circumstance and appropriateness of how we will work together. I believe the relationship we hold is at the centre of the healing process and so I will be focused on what that needs to be for you and how that needs to be developed with others too.
![Photo of Dr Helen Crispus Jones - Dr Helen Crispus Jones, Clinical Psychologist , HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/81bac367-67ff-4d03-aad5-d757b14b6bb6/3/320x400.jpeg)
Dr Helen Crispus Jones, Clinical Psychologist
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Thatcham RG18
My name is Helen Crispus Jones. I am a qualified and highly experienced Clinical Psychologist, having attained my Doctorate in Clinical Psychology in 2013 from Oxford University. I have particular expertise in working with young people aged 12-18 and their families.
My name is Helen Crispus Jones. I am a qualified and highly experienced Clinical Psychologist, having attained my Doctorate in Clinical Psychology in 2013 from Oxford University. I have particular expertise in working with young people aged 12-18 and their families.
![Photo of Ellie Ewbank, MSc, MBABCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4718f244-d452-48ae-a99b-307f264f8747/1/320x400.jpeg)
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults. My areas of special interest and experience include Depression, Anxiety disorders, low self-esteem, and long-term health conditions.
I enjoy working with adolescents and adults. My areas of special interest and experience include Depression, Anxiety disorders, low self-esteem, and long-term health conditions.
![Photo of Lisa Blake, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cddf8e24-557d-4920-9f7d-64816a3fb400/2/320x400.jpeg)
Life can be overwhelming sometimes, and we can all feel that our fears and issues are controlling our lives and holding us back. Therapy can help to overcome issues that may have been having a negative impact on our lives and help us to redefine our boundaries in life. Sometimes we need more support with life if we are going through an anxious or stressful time and this is when Therapy can help. I offer a completely confidential and non-judgemental environment to talk and explore your options for taking control of your life and making changes. I specialise in offering support for Relationships, Anxiety and Bereavement.
Life can be overwhelming sometimes, and we can all feel that our fears and issues are controlling our lives and holding us back. Therapy can help to overcome issues that may have been having a negative impact on our lives and help us to redefine our boundaries in life. Sometimes we need more support with life if we are going through an anxious or stressful time and this is when Therapy can help. I offer a completely confidential and non-judgemental environment to talk and explore your options for taking control of your life and making changes. I specialise in offering support for Relationships, Anxiety and Bereavement.
![Photo of Nicola Wildin - Cold Ash Counselling - Online therapy , MA, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/48792ccd-9595-47e6-b06a-531abe967246/1/320x400.jpeg)
Cold Ash Counselling - Online therapy
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Thatcham RG18 (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Nicola. You are here because something isn’t going well in your life & the way that makes you feel isn't something you want to continue tolerating. It takes a lot to challenge familiar patterns because even when we dislike them they can feel safer than change. But my boundaried, thoughtful counselling can support you on your journey to understand what underlies your issues & work out what to do about it.
Hi, I'm Nicola. You are here because something isn’t going well in your life & the way that makes you feel isn't something you want to continue tolerating. It takes a lot to challenge familiar patterns because even when we dislike them they can feel safer than change. But my boundaried, thoughtful counselling can support you on your journey to understand what underlies your issues & work out what to do about it.
![Photo of Amanda Lee, MBACP Accred, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5102af72-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
Contemplating counselling or psychotherapy is a daunting prospect, the fact that you are reading this suggests that you have taken the first steps to making sense of feelings and experiences that are troubling you.
Contemplating counselling or psychotherapy is a daunting prospect, the fact that you are reading this suggests that you have taken the first steps to making sense of feelings and experiences that are troubling you.
![Photo of Catherine Le Poole, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/bf3055ad-f592-4af2-a868-10b2a31bb7be/2/320x400.jpeg)
Life can be messy and it may feel overwhelming at times. I can offer you a confidential, safe place to talk about yourself and any problems, pain, or issues you may have in your life. Together we can explore what is going on for you and work towards where you want to be. This can be a place to process what has happened and how you relate and interact with those around you. We will focus on you and your needs throughout the therapeutic process.
Life can be messy and it may feel overwhelming at times. I can offer you a confidential, safe place to talk about yourself and any problems, pain, or issues you may have in your life. Together we can explore what is going on for you and work towards where you want to be. This can be a place to process what has happened and how you relate and interact with those around you. We will focus on you and your needs throughout the therapeutic process.
![Photo of Anita Joy Jacob, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cb997840-abce-4b9c-b8ab-81424d19012a/1/320x400.jpeg)
Are you finding your marriage or relationship to be really hard right now? Is it full of tension, disappointment or heartache? Perhaps you are arguing more and you just don't look forward to spending time with your partner anymore. Do you wish you could feel the way you felt about them when you first decided to make a commitment to each other? I'm guessing you want to feel seen and heard, like you matter and like your thoughts and feelings matter, too. You don't just want to be going through the motions of being close, but want something that feels special and secure.
Are you finding your marriage or relationship to be really hard right now? Is it full of tension, disappointment or heartache? Perhaps you are arguing more and you just don't look forward to spending time with your partner anymore. Do you wish you could feel the way you felt about them when you first decided to make a commitment to each other? I'm guessing you want to feel seen and heard, like you matter and like your thoughts and feelings matter, too. You don't just want to be going through the motions of being close, but want something that feels special and secure.
![Photo of Lucy Walthoe, MA, MUKCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/a97dbf1c-e136-4b94-9d92-9cfa08e67029/2/320x400.jpeg)
Are you struggling emotionally? I offer you a relationship where you can be vulnerable, supported, and we work together to find your way through. You may be going through a tumultuous time, like the end of a relationship or loss of a loved one. You may feel weighed down, stressed or anxious about how much you have to juggle. You may be carrying emotional pain or questions from your past that you would like to resolve. Or negative thoughts, feelings and behaviours might fill your life, leaving you isolated. I offer a space where you are safe to be vulnerable and find your way through.
Are you struggling emotionally? I offer you a relationship where you can be vulnerable, supported, and we work together to find your way through. You may be going through a tumultuous time, like the end of a relationship or loss of a loved one. You may feel weighed down, stressed or anxious about how much you have to juggle. You may be carrying emotional pain or questions from your past that you would like to resolve. Or negative thoughts, feelings and behaviours might fill your life, leaving you isolated. I offer a space where you are safe to be vulnerable and find your way through.
![Photo of Dr Karen Halford, PsychD, AFBPSsS, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fdffc928-08ca-4a35-a711-ee954f8d575e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Hello! I'm Karen. I'm a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society. I hold a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from the University of Oxford. I have many years of experience in both the NHS and private practice. I work with people who are struggling with a variety of complex psychological difficulties such as depression, eating disorders (bulimia, binge eating and others), anxiety (including panic, phobias, social anxiety, health anxiety), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), trauma/PTSD, BDD, low self-esteem and many others. I also offer assessment and diagnosis of ADHD.
Hello! I'm Karen. I'm a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society. I hold a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from the University of Oxford. I have many years of experience in both the NHS and private practice. I work with people who are struggling with a variety of complex psychological difficulties such as depression, eating disorders (bulimia, binge eating and others), anxiety (including panic, phobias, social anxiety, health anxiety), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), trauma/PTSD, BDD, low self-esteem and many others. I also offer assessment and diagnosis of ADHD.
More Therapists Nearby
![Photo of Sian Melville, MBABCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1dc6ebb7-0348-4347-aef4-1b77295a8d9d/1/320x400.jpeg)
Do you feel that you have lost who you are? Does it feel like you have lost control of your daily life, and you wake up every morning feeling anxious and upset? Noticed that you’re worrying about the future and how you might cope? What if you could feel like yourself again, less worries, feeling less tearful and more empowered and in control? Hello, I’m Sian. I am an accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and founder of Lifted Therapy.
Do you feel that you have lost who you are? Does it feel like you have lost control of your daily life, and you wake up every morning feeling anxious and upset? Noticed that you’re worrying about the future and how you might cope? What if you could feel like yourself again, less worries, feeling less tearful and more empowered and in control? Hello, I’m Sian. I am an accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and founder of Lifted Therapy.
![Photo of Helen Franklin, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4ec0258f-a414-4738-9a10-a9baa95028ce/1/320x400.jpeg)
As you have found your way here, you may be feeling that you don't have the resources right now to engage with life as you would wish. There can be times when dealing with life's challenges alone feels too much. Some of my clients comes with painful life experiences, some sensing that they have entrenched patterns that are making them unhappy, some feel low and just don't know why. Others want to embark on a journey of exploration that will allow them to find a more fulfilling way of being in the world. if any of this feels like you do get in touch and see how I can help.
As you have found your way here, you may be feeling that you don't have the resources right now to engage with life as you would wish. There can be times when dealing with life's challenges alone feels too much. Some of my clients comes with painful life experiences, some sensing that they have entrenched patterns that are making them unhappy, some feel low and just don't know why. Others want to embark on a journey of exploration that will allow them to find a more fulfilling way of being in the world. if any of this feels like you do get in touch and see how I can help.
![Photo of Nicky Bates - Nicky Bates Director of The TLC Counselling Hub, BACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7a611183-f94c-4129-9be2-0ea99562ac0c/1/320x400.jpeg)
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. Firstly People need to feel valued, people need to feel accepted and they certainly need to feel heard. Based in central Andover, I specialise in anxiety, trauma, neurodiversity, bereavement, intrusive thoughts and work very well with people from the LGBTQ+ community. I offer a non-judgemental approach using Gestalt and Humanistic theory. What this means is that we work creatively with what is happening for you right now. Creative work can unlock things from the past in a safe contained way. Online counselling is now available.
Thank you for taking the time to read my profile. Firstly People need to feel valued, people need to feel accepted and they certainly need to feel heard. Based in central Andover, I specialise in anxiety, trauma, neurodiversity, bereavement, intrusive thoughts and work very well with people from the LGBTQ+ community. I offer a non-judgemental approach using Gestalt and Humanistic theory. What this means is that we work creatively with what is happening for you right now. Creative work can unlock things from the past in a safe contained way. Online counselling is now available.
See more therapy options for Thatcham
How does your Counsellor compare?
Number of Counsellors in Thatcham
10+
Average cost per session
£77
Counsellors in Thatcham who prioritize treating:
94% | Anxiety |
88% | Depression |
88% | Self Esteem |
82% | Trauma and PTSD |
76% | Relationship Issues |
71% | Bereavement |
71% | Stress |
Average years in practice
14 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
86% | Aviva |
86% | Vitality |
57% | AXA PPP |
How Counsellors in Thatcham see their clients
77% | In Person and Online | |
23% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
86% | Female | |
14% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling
How can I find a therapist in Thatcham?
Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?
Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.