Counselling in SO51
![Photo of Karen Marolia, MUKCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6cd238e5-a597-43e9-900e-c617ec6eb80b/2/320x400.jpeg)
If you are reading this it is likely that you are considering therapy. Seeking support when life is presenting challenges can be quite daunting and you may have some worries about sharing your feelings. I offer a safe, confidential and non-judgmental environment for you to be heard, where I believe the relationship between us is the key to supporting you in your journey. Perhaps experiences from your past or in the present are impacting how you live your daily life or maybe you’re feeling anxious, stressed or generally unhappy and would like to make some changes.
If you are reading this it is likely that you are considering therapy. Seeking support when life is presenting challenges can be quite daunting and you may have some worries about sharing your feelings. I offer a safe, confidential and non-judgmental environment for you to be heard, where I believe the relationship between us is the key to supporting you in your journey. Perhaps experiences from your past or in the present are impacting how you live your daily life or maybe you’re feeling anxious, stressed or generally unhappy and would like to make some changes.
![Photo of Aimee Crutchfield - Clearer Skies Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/eb2c97c9-d34d-4042-bde4-66a890ff138a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, I'm Aimee, my style of counselling is warm, empathic and down to earth. Together we can explore a way forward for you. Maybe you have never had counselling before and but you are interested to know if it could help you? You might want someone to look at relationship patterns with you or have you got difficult anxious feelings? Maybe you are not sure what you want to change? Together we can explore what it is you need from therapy.
Hello, I'm Aimee, my style of counselling is warm, empathic and down to earth. Together we can explore a way forward for you. Maybe you have never had counselling before and but you are interested to know if it could help you? You might want someone to look at relationship patterns with you or have you got difficult anxious feelings? Maybe you are not sure what you want to change? Together we can explore what it is you need from therapy.
![Photo of Lisa Burdett, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e56344e3-0300-4fe1-90de-8a405e499ef5/1/320x400.jpeg)
As a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor and Life Coach, I intuitively draw on my training and experience to support you. Whatever the issue, I will help you to change your life and transform your future. I understand it’s not an easy process to begin with as talking about thoughts and feelings can feel uncomfortable or overwhelming. However, I can help you to gain a better understanding of yourself and the things that are troubling you. In no time at all you will feel more comfortable and better able to explore your thoughts and feelings and feel emboldened to make changes should that be what’s right for you.
As a Psychotherapeutic Counsellor and Life Coach, I intuitively draw on my training and experience to support you. Whatever the issue, I will help you to change your life and transform your future. I understand it’s not an easy process to begin with as talking about thoughts and feelings can feel uncomfortable or overwhelming. However, I can help you to gain a better understanding of yourself and the things that are troubling you. In no time at all you will feel more comfortable and better able to explore your thoughts and feelings and feel emboldened to make changes should that be what’s right for you.
![Photo of Mark Richardson - Be Well Counselling , MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/c03d7e86-514e-4715-baa4-8292896b7e60/3/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, I am Mark at Be Well Counselling. Many of us sometimes feel stuck or lost in our lives, without a clear view of the future. We may have specific personal issues which we wish to address, be facing changes in circumstances or experiencing a challenging period in our life. I support clients with a wide range of personal issues including anxiety and depression, low self-esteem and burnout. I help clients explore and process impact of abuse and trauma, domestic abuse, bereavement and grief. I help clients in their processing and working through relationship issues and divorce, parenting issues and changes in personal circumstance.
Hi, I am Mark at Be Well Counselling. Many of us sometimes feel stuck or lost in our lives, without a clear view of the future. We may have specific personal issues which we wish to address, be facing changes in circumstances or experiencing a challenging period in our life. I support clients with a wide range of personal issues including anxiety and depression, low self-esteem and burnout. I help clients explore and process impact of abuse and trauma, domestic abuse, bereavement and grief. I help clients in their processing and working through relationship issues and divorce, parenting issues and changes in personal circumstance.
![Photo of Maria Welsh, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/940bdf1d-7e2d-413a-88a0-8488335f2951/1/320x400.jpeg)
I am an experienced Adult Trauma Informed Counsellor and Supervisor with my private practice in Romsey, Hampshire. I offer face to face and on-line therapy. Sometimes life throws us curve-balls. Overwhelmed and at a loss on how to move forward, we often need someone independent of family and friends who we can talk to, without judgment or advice giving. I can provide a confidential, safe and secure environment for you to explore or uncover whatever is troubling you. As a Humanistic Counsellor, I will guide and support you as you come to terms yourself, with whatever might be holding you back.
I am an experienced Adult Trauma Informed Counsellor and Supervisor with my private practice in Romsey, Hampshire. I offer face to face and on-line therapy. Sometimes life throws us curve-balls. Overwhelmed and at a loss on how to move forward, we often need someone independent of family and friends who we can talk to, without judgment or advice giving. I can provide a confidential, safe and secure environment for you to explore or uncover whatever is troubling you. As a Humanistic Counsellor, I will guide and support you as you come to terms yourself, with whatever might be holding you back.
![Photo of Gloria Boshier, MBACP Accred, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b9578693-f8d0-4d24-b456-926b8adeddcc/2/320x400.jpeg)
Perhaps you have found your way here because you are feeling low or anxious you may be experiencing a bereavement a relationship difficulty or a loss of direction in your life, during such times it can be helpful to talk to someone in confidence without the fear of feeling judged.
Perhaps you have found your way here because you are feeling low or anxious you may be experiencing a bereavement a relationship difficulty or a loss of direction in your life, during such times it can be helpful to talk to someone in confidence without the fear of feeling judged.
![Photo of Sophie Goodridge, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1d7fdc13-211f-4fee-8fa6-b072518b6443/1/320x400.png)
I believe you can make positive changes in your life and relationships, both personal and professional. I aim to build a trusting therapeutic relationship to support you during difficult times and help you feel contentment and gain self-awareness and personal growth. I will work alongside you to help you find your own answers by understanding your thoughts, feelings and behaviours through the way you see yourself, communicate with others and the way you perceive the world to enable you to build positive pathways towards a brighter, fulfilled future.
I believe you can make positive changes in your life and relationships, both personal and professional. I aim to build a trusting therapeutic relationship to support you during difficult times and help you feel contentment and gain self-awareness and personal growth. I will work alongside you to help you find your own answers by understanding your thoughts, feelings and behaviours through the way you see yourself, communicate with others and the way you perceive the world to enable you to build positive pathways towards a brighter, fulfilled future.
![Photo of Alison Mary Little, MSc, UKCP Trainee, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/dacfd4f5-b2ff-452e-ac2e-c7d497f5b209/1/320x400.jpeg)
My aim is to explore together the issues you bring in a safe non-judgemental environment and support you to find a way forward. Many of us have issues in our lives that make us feel ‘stuck’ and stop us living the lives we want to live. This can be related to situations that have occurred recently or more long-standing issues going back to childhood. Our usual coping mechanisms may not be enough and the people we have relied on in the past for support may not be able to help with our current issues.
My aim is to explore together the issues you bring in a safe non-judgemental environment and support you to find a way forward. Many of us have issues in our lives that make us feel ‘stuck’ and stop us living the lives we want to live. This can be related to situations that have occurred recently or more long-standing issues going back to childhood. Our usual coping mechanisms may not be enough and the people we have relied on in the past for support may not be able to help with our current issues.
![Photo of Karen Oborn, BACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/64587db9-1b36-4ace-88c9-2bb08a77b510/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, I'm Karen, and I am a qualified Gestalt counsellor working at different locations across Hampshire, including Romsey, New Forest, Gosport and online. I provide long-term and short-term counselling to adults aged 18 and above. As a Gestalt trained therapist, I offer talking and creative therapy, focusing on you in the present moment, informed by your past experiences and your expectations for the future.
Hi, I'm Karen, and I am a qualified Gestalt counsellor working at different locations across Hampshire, including Romsey, New Forest, Gosport and online. I provide long-term and short-term counselling to adults aged 18 and above. As a Gestalt trained therapist, I offer talking and creative therapy, focusing on you in the present moment, informed by your past experiences and your expectations for the future.
Life can be a bit of a rollercoaster of highs and lows, a kaleidoscope, if you like, of colours in ever-changing patterns. At times, we need others to help identify what is there, perhaps working together on changing patterns that are less helpful, turning broken glass fragments into something beautiful, discovering healing and hope along the way. If you would like me to join you for a while on your life journey, then please do feel free to contact me.
Life can be a bit of a rollercoaster of highs and lows, a kaleidoscope, if you like, of colours in ever-changing patterns. At times, we need others to help identify what is there, perhaps working together on changing patterns that are less helpful, turning broken glass fragments into something beautiful, discovering healing and hope along the way. If you would like me to join you for a while on your life journey, then please do feel free to contact me.
![Photo of Rachel Wright - Willow Tree Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5495c07a-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/3/320x400.jpeg)
Are you experiencing feelings of anxiety, low self-esteem, self-doubt or depression? Do you need some support and strategies to help deal with these overwhelming feelings? If you are struggling with any of these issues or others such as, addiction, loss, feeling that you are different or just want help figuring out where life is going for you then I may well be able to help. I provide a safe, non-judgemental environment for you to explore these issues and look at tools and ways you can adapt and have choices for change.
Are you experiencing feelings of anxiety, low self-esteem, self-doubt or depression? Do you need some support and strategies to help deal with these overwhelming feelings? If you are struggling with any of these issues or others such as, addiction, loss, feeling that you are different or just want help figuring out where life is going for you then I may well be able to help. I provide a safe, non-judgemental environment for you to explore these issues and look at tools and ways you can adapt and have choices for change.
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![Photo of Jane Gordon, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/43800364-7e3c-47fc-9176-7a6f7b252984/1/320x400.jpeg)
Life is tough, with situations we never believed we would find ourselves in and despite all our efforts we can end up confused about what to do for the best. The longer our confusion continues the worse we feel about our lives and our ability to make positive decisions and make lasting changes . Its a downward spiral that can make us say and do things we regret but we have no idea how to change it all and take back control . We look to others for guidance because inside we feel powerless and can’t trust our judgement and we have lost our sense of peace and happiness.
Life is tough, with situations we never believed we would find ourselves in and despite all our efforts we can end up confused about what to do for the best. The longer our confusion continues the worse we feel about our lives and our ability to make positive decisions and make lasting changes . Its a downward spiral that can make us say and do things we regret but we have no idea how to change it all and take back control . We look to others for guidance because inside we feel powerless and can’t trust our judgement and we have lost our sense of peace and happiness.
![Photo of Kathy Lock - Kathy Lock, Integrative Counsellor., MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/4fc43a31-46cd-11ea-a6ad-06142c356176/2/320x400.jpeg)
At times we may feel overwhelmed and unable to cope with the demands of life. Relationships with family, friends or work colleagues may be strained leaving us unhappy, anxious or depressed. When it feels as though life is getting on top of us, having a safe place to talk with a qualified counsellor can help move our lives forward. Finding a counsellor who is a good fit for you is crucial yet taking those first steps, can be daunting. To aid that process, I offer a free 30 minute telephone or Zoom call so you can better gauge whether you feel comfortable and happy for us to work together.
At times we may feel overwhelmed and unable to cope with the demands of life. Relationships with family, friends or work colleagues may be strained leaving us unhappy, anxious or depressed. When it feels as though life is getting on top of us, having a safe place to talk with a qualified counsellor can help move our lives forward. Finding a counsellor who is a good fit for you is crucial yet taking those first steps, can be daunting. To aid that process, I offer a free 30 minute telephone or Zoom call so you can better gauge whether you feel comfortable and happy for us to work together.
![Photo of Rosalind Elise Sargison - Elise Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d6fbbd3d-200e-4f6e-8753-2ea463d429a2/1/320x400.png)
My name is Roz and I am a fully qualified therapist working from my own home in Romsey as a Humanistic counsellor. Most of us experience times in our lives when we need some help. We feel low, even overwhelmed -anxious, confused, struggling with relationships and conflicts, unsure of where to turn. If, reading this, you‘re thinking ‘This is me too,’ please be reassured - you’re certainly not alone. My promise is to offer a warm, safe, empathetic and confidential environment for you to explore these feelings. So - first, and most important of all - I’ll listen to you.
My name is Roz and I am a fully qualified therapist working from my own home in Romsey as a Humanistic counsellor. Most of us experience times in our lives when we need some help. We feel low, even overwhelmed -anxious, confused, struggling with relationships and conflicts, unsure of where to turn. If, reading this, you‘re thinking ‘This is me too,’ please be reassured - you’re certainly not alone. My promise is to offer a warm, safe, empathetic and confidential environment for you to explore these feelings. So - first, and most important of all - I’ll listen to you.
![Photo of Rhiannon Curtis, MSc, GMBPsS, Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/5c7f32e8-2f60-404f-a535-8d40b8246541/1/320x400.jpeg)
Embrace your authentic self, and thrive in your uniqueness. Specialising in Psychological sciences with a focus on Health Psychology I have a real passion for understanding health behaviours and developing psychological interventions to support behaviour change and long-term illness prevention. Experience within the NHS and therapeutic approaches to behaviour change as a qualified CBT practitioner with personal experience and education in the awareness of Autism, Down syndrome and other specific learning disabilities with a real interest in chronic pain, inclusivity and equality in people and the unique ways our brains work.
Embrace your authentic self, and thrive in your uniqueness. Specialising in Psychological sciences with a focus on Health Psychology I have a real passion for understanding health behaviours and developing psychological interventions to support behaviour change and long-term illness prevention. Experience within the NHS and therapeutic approaches to behaviour change as a qualified CBT practitioner with personal experience and education in the awareness of Autism, Down syndrome and other specific learning disabilities with a real interest in chronic pain, inclusivity and equality in people and the unique ways our brains work.
![Photo of Juliet Tina Kingston - Juliet Gestalt Counsellor/Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f975561c-30e0-4647-9894-280fa1346d83/1/320x400.jpeg)
Sometimes it is difficult to take the time to notice what is happening to ourselves in relation to others and we need someone who knows nothing about us and holds no judgements, in order to look honestly at what is going on. If you decide to come along for counselling you will be given the space to really explore and learn a lot more about what you do and, possibly where it comes from. We can look at old familiar patterns you use and explore how to support yourself in more healthier ways. Please also check out my website www.romsey-counsellor.co.uk for more information.
Sometimes it is difficult to take the time to notice what is happening to ourselves in relation to others and we need someone who knows nothing about us and holds no judgements, in order to look honestly at what is going on. If you decide to come along for counselling you will be given the space to really explore and learn a lot more about what you do and, possibly where it comes from. We can look at old familiar patterns you use and explore how to support yourself in more healthier ways. Please also check out my website www.romsey-counsellor.co.uk for more information.
![Photo of Sara Madeleine Lugard, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/b61a705e-0ed7-4baa-9073-fb9290f5171e/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, my name is Sara. I am a fully qualified Humanistic Gestalt Counsellor based in Hampshire and a registered member of the BACP. I offer individual and couples counselling sessions to adults (18+) either face-to-face, online or telephone. I have experience of working with clients who have issues such as anxiety, bereavement, depression, loss, relationship issues, stress, trauma and work related issues. I am pragmatic and creatively tailor my approach to suit my client.
Hello, my name is Sara. I am a fully qualified Humanistic Gestalt Counsellor based in Hampshire and a registered member of the BACP. I offer individual and couples counselling sessions to adults (18+) either face-to-face, online or telephone. I have experience of working with clients who have issues such as anxiety, bereavement, depression, loss, relationship issues, stress, trauma and work related issues. I am pragmatic and creatively tailor my approach to suit my client.
![Photo of Sarah Hirst, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/980c0e0c-e55d-4e11-825a-9067fe6c4eca/1/320x400.jpeg)
I understand it can be nerve-wracking starting therapy, either for the first time or with a new therapist. I will be here to support you throughout the process. You may be dealing with feelings of depression or anxiety; relationship difficulties; struggles at work; a bereavement; or simply want to work on self improvement or introspection. I can help set and reach therapeutic goals in a way that's best suited to you.
I understand it can be nerve-wracking starting therapy, either for the first time or with a new therapist. I will be here to support you throughout the process. You may be dealing with feelings of depression or anxiety; relationship difficulties; struggles at work; a bereavement; or simply want to work on self improvement or introspection. I can help set and reach therapeutic goals in a way that's best suited to you.
![Photo of Lyn Best, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/67dc94b8-70d1-44a7-ab80-ca9177880aaa/1/320x400.jpeg)
Is anxiety or stress having an impact on your day-to-day life? Have you suffered a bereavement or loss? Perhaps you are feeling low, confused, having relationship problems. Do you want to be able to speak to someone in confidence, reflect on your life, consider choices to help provide clarity or meaning? Do you feel stuck or trapped? Are you feeling as if you are not being your true self and are pretending to be someone others want you to be, or often pleasing others? You may not be sure what is wrong. If life feels like a struggle at times, counselling can really help. Please get in touch by email with your contact details.
Is anxiety or stress having an impact on your day-to-day life? Have you suffered a bereavement or loss? Perhaps you are feeling low, confused, having relationship problems. Do you want to be able to speak to someone in confidence, reflect on your life, consider choices to help provide clarity or meaning? Do you feel stuck or trapped? Are you feeling as if you are not being your true self and are pretending to be someone others want you to be, or often pleasing others? You may not be sure what is wrong. If life feels like a struggle at times, counselling can really help. Please get in touch by email with your contact details.
![Photo of laura Mearns, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d9ee61e5-dbe8-4f7d-b142-8e3f87cf8915/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hello and welcome. I have many years experience working as a counsellor and I support adults and young people aged 13 and over in the Southampton and Romsey areas. I can help with difficulties such as; anxiety, depression, low mood, self-esteem and relationships. I also specialise in childhood and adult trauma. I offer face to face, online and telephone sessions, depending on what works best for you.
Hello and welcome. I have many years experience working as a counsellor and I support adults and young people aged 13 and over in the Southampton and Romsey areas. I can help with difficulties such as; anxiety, depression, low mood, self-esteem and relationships. I also specialise in childhood and adult trauma. I offer face to face, online and telephone sessions, depending on what works best for you.
See more therapy options for SO51
How does your Counsellor compare?
Number of Counsellors in SO51
40+
Average cost per session
£55
Counsellors in SO51 who prioritize treating:
93% | Anxiety |
90% | Self Esteem |
86% | Relationship Issues |
86% | Stress |
83% | Depression |
74% | Bereavement |
71% | Coping Skills |
Average years in practice
8 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
57% | Aviva |
57% | AXA PPP |
43% | Cigna and Evernorth |
How Counsellors in SO51 see their clients
93% | In Person and Online | |
7% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
95% | Female | |
5% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling
How can I find a therapist in SO51?
Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?
Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.