Counselling in Glasgow East, Glasgow
![Photo of Karolina White - KWStherapy](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e83c2970-fc0b-4e24-8d3f-954b001364fd/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hi, Are you exhausted and overwhelmed by life? Wanting to rediscover happiness and break free from the cycle of negative thoughts and unhelpful behaviours, rest assured that you're not alone! Together, we can embark on a collaborative journey to understand the factors that have led you to this point and explore how your thinking impacts how you feel and, how that affects your actions. My goal is to equip you with knowledge that will empower you to make well-informed decisions and, enable you to respond rather than react to life events.
Hi, Are you exhausted and overwhelmed by life? Wanting to rediscover happiness and break free from the cycle of negative thoughts and unhelpful behaviours, rest assured that you're not alone! Together, we can embark on a collaborative journey to understand the factors that have led you to this point and explore how your thinking impacts how you feel and, how that affects your actions. My goal is to equip you with knowledge that will empower you to make well-informed decisions and, enable you to respond rather than react to life events.
![Photo of Samantha Wallace](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1f3563ae-2e27-4d26-a3ea-e2e8a055a614/2/320x400.jpeg)
I offer space for you to feel heard, understood and empowered without any judgement. Within our therapy, I can support you to understand what you are feeling and why. I understand you might feel stuck, ashamed, scared or uncertain - our sessions can give you space to share how you are truly feeling and talk through what’s on your mind. Additionally, our space can help you to build self-understanding, improve your self-confidence, trust yourself more and feel more peace. Our sessions will go at a pace that feels right for you and I can support you to identify and meet your own goals.
I offer space for you to feel heard, understood and empowered without any judgement. Within our therapy, I can support you to understand what you are feeling and why. I understand you might feel stuck, ashamed, scared or uncertain - our sessions can give you space to share how you are truly feeling and talk through what’s on your mind. Additionally, our space can help you to build self-understanding, improve your self-confidence, trust yourself more and feel more peace. Our sessions will go at a pace that feels right for you and I can support you to identify and meet your own goals.
![Photo of Kate Somerville, BACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/8b0de929-2a55-4d36-b5fc-791b66faccef/2/320x400.jpeg)
I am an experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and Counsellor qualified to work with adults, young people and children. The heart of my approach is to form positive relationships with my clients, based on trust and understanding. I work with a welcoming and non-judgemental manner in comfortable rooms. I work collaboratively with clients and I adapt my approach depending on individual needs. I have worked as a school counsellor in both primary and secondary settings. I am experienced in working with anxiety disorders, OCD, depression, trauma, emotional outbursts, mood disturbances and neurodiversity.
I am an experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist and Counsellor qualified to work with adults, young people and children. The heart of my approach is to form positive relationships with my clients, based on trust and understanding. I work with a welcoming and non-judgemental manner in comfortable rooms. I work collaboratively with clients and I adapt my approach depending on individual needs. I have worked as a school counsellor in both primary and secondary settings. I am experienced in working with anxiety disorders, OCD, depression, trauma, emotional outbursts, mood disturbances and neurodiversity.
![Photo of Marie McGeechan, MBABCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/ef90ea75-4dd9-4f6f-b3af-db6bf6e501c0/1/320x400.png)
I specialise in EMDR and CBT and have worked in mental health since 2011. EMDR and CBT are effective psychological therapies in treating a range of anxiety disorders as well as depression. I have worked across a range of psychological settings throughout my career. I am passionate about helping those I work with in a collaborative way, ensuing you feel empowered about your mental health and the work we will do together.
I specialise in EMDR and CBT and have worked in mental health since 2011. EMDR and CBT are effective psychological therapies in treating a range of anxiety disorders as well as depression. I have worked across a range of psychological settings throughout my career. I am passionate about helping those I work with in a collaborative way, ensuing you feel empowered about your mental health and the work we will do together.
![Photo of Dan Plant, MCOSCA, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/568b9a2d-0cd7-4b2e-82f0-6d910153277d/2/320x400.jpeg)
Taking the first step and finding a therapist can be daunting, but you have got this far so well done. I can help you talk about things you are struggling with, think about how you feel about these things and then help you decide what to do with that new information.
Taking the first step and finding a therapist can be daunting, but you have got this far so well done. I can help you talk about things you are struggling with, think about how you feel about these things and then help you decide what to do with that new information.
![Photo of Lucy Peckett, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/2830c217-bb4f-402c-a1de-ef5ca2fee9da/2/320x400.jpeg)
Therapy is an opportunity to get to know yourself better, recognise patterns in your thoughts, feelings and behaviours, and unpick which parts you would like to change. The main approach I use is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which involves the use of frameworks or tools to evaluate your own thinking and come to your own conclusions, ideally ones that are more balanced and flexible.
Therapy is an opportunity to get to know yourself better, recognise patterns in your thoughts, feelings and behaviours, and unpick which parts you would like to change. The main approach I use is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which involves the use of frameworks or tools to evaluate your own thinking and come to your own conclusions, ideally ones that are more balanced and flexible.
![Photo of Rebekah Glassford, MSc, GMBPsS, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/f2a5e532-57ed-48ad-83ff-0fb3444190a8/1/320x400.jpeg)
My experience enables me to offer care that is individualised to your needs and my focus is to listen and help you heal and achieve your goals. We do this together by providing a neutral safe space, listening to your concerns and creating a treatment plan that works for you. I will be there for you during every step of your journey. My goal is to help you grow from your struggles, heal from your pain, and move forward to where you want to be in your life.
My experience enables me to offer care that is individualised to your needs and my focus is to listen and help you heal and achieve your goals. We do this together by providing a neutral safe space, listening to your concerns and creating a treatment plan that works for you. I will be there for you during every step of your journey. My goal is to help you grow from your struggles, heal from your pain, and move forward to where you want to be in your life.
![Photo of Ruth Jones, MCOSCA, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/7ea3879a-1bbd-4dd7-b3c0-1e35db52b9a9/3/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, I am Ruth, a counsellor fully qualified in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and a member of COSCA, counselling and psychotherapy in Scotland. I specialise in bereavement, anxiety and low self-esteem. I am available for online and face-to-face counselling, and I am very flexible with appointments. In an ever-changing world, it is important that we look after our well-being, and it can be difficult to take that first step. I work with my clients and tailor treatment to their needs to achieve their goals.
Hello, I am Ruth, a counsellor fully qualified in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and a member of COSCA, counselling and psychotherapy in Scotland. I specialise in bereavement, anxiety and low self-esteem. I am available for online and face-to-face counselling, and I am very flexible with appointments. In an ever-changing world, it is important that we look after our well-being, and it can be difficult to take that first step. I work with my clients and tailor treatment to their needs to achieve their goals.
![Photo of Lynne McKay - Mbacp, BACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/1aa32892-7d28-4d14-bfe1-b659e7914817/1/320x400.jpeg)
I'm Lynne, I am an experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist with a specialism in suicidal ideation and bereavement of suicide. I work with young adults from the age of 16 and adults over the age of 18. I am based in Glasgow and offer therapy sessions face to face and online. Other disorders and issues I can support you with are depression, trauma, generalised anxiety, social anxiety, self harm, and self-esteem to name just a few.
I'm Lynne, I am an experienced Cognitive Behavioural Therapist with a specialism in suicidal ideation and bereavement of suicide. I work with young adults from the age of 16 and adults over the age of 18. I am based in Glasgow and offer therapy sessions face to face and online. Other disorders and issues I can support you with are depression, trauma, generalised anxiety, social anxiety, self harm, and self-esteem to name just a few.
![Photo of Lisa Christie, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap., Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e24d90e5-7bb0-4490-b3e0-ea69228f1b77/1/320x400.jpeg)
In meeting you, I strive to be warm, open and present.
In meeting you, I strive to be warm, open and present.
![Photo of Daniel Manastireanu, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/bea66f7a-3110-4852-8040-159607c4d900/1/320x400.jpeg)
If you're looking for therapy, it's likely that you're experiencing hurt and confusion around what's happening in your life. My first role as a therapist is to create a safe space through deep empathic listening, helping you to gain more and more clarity about what's going on for you. This clarity will then help you to define your goals and begin working towards achieving them, by becoming aware of your emotions, learning to work with them to figure out what you most deeply need, and then take actions to meet your needs.
If you're looking for therapy, it's likely that you're experiencing hurt and confusion around what's happening in your life. My first role as a therapist is to create a safe space through deep empathic listening, helping you to gain more and more clarity about what's going on for you. This clarity will then help you to define your goals and begin working towards achieving them, by becoming aware of your emotions, learning to work with them to figure out what you most deeply need, and then take actions to meet your needs.
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![Photo of Will Telfer, MBACP Accred, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/efe143d1-a2da-4314-8214-61519b788ec7/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hello, and thanks for looking at my profile. I’m an accredited therapist with over 15 years experience, and wholly comfortable in dealing with a range of issues, from trauma to depression, from abuse to anxiety. I’ve been described by clients as friendly, easy to talk to and empathic. For me, the most important element in therapy is whether you feel you can trust me - and I know this is not always easy. You’ve likely been hurt and perhaps a little wary and weary of people. I’m not going to “fix” you, I can’t! Though the good news is, by working collaboratively, you absolutely can heal the wounds you carry, of that I have no doubt.
Hello, and thanks for looking at my profile. I’m an accredited therapist with over 15 years experience, and wholly comfortable in dealing with a range of issues, from trauma to depression, from abuse to anxiety. I’ve been described by clients as friendly, easy to talk to and empathic. For me, the most important element in therapy is whether you feel you can trust me - and I know this is not always easy. You’ve likely been hurt and perhaps a little wary and weary of people. I’m not going to “fix” you, I can’t! Though the good news is, by working collaboratively, you absolutely can heal the wounds you carry, of that I have no doubt.
![Photo of Ligia Manastireanu, MBACP Accred, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/cb0ea129-5680-42b3-8ad5-a4b7207249c7/3/320x400.jpeg)
I am an experienced Person-centred and Emotion Focused psychotherapist, supervisor and trainer, as well as a co-founding director of the Scottish Institute for Emotion Focused Therapy. I am bringing many years of experience in working with clients from various charity and private sector settings, in a therapist and clinical lead role. I am experienced in working with a wide variety of difficulties: depression, perinatal depression, generalised anxiety, social anxiety, health anxiety, trauma, abuse, bereavement, difficulties around loss/change, identity issues, borderline processes.
I am an experienced Person-centred and Emotion Focused psychotherapist, supervisor and trainer, as well as a co-founding director of the Scottish Institute for Emotion Focused Therapy. I am bringing many years of experience in working with clients from various charity and private sector settings, in a therapist and clinical lead role. I am experienced in working with a wide variety of difficulties: depression, perinatal depression, generalised anxiety, social anxiety, health anxiety, trauma, abuse, bereavement, difficulties around loss/change, identity issues, borderline processes.
![Photo of Michael Donnelly, MBABCP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/73d76c47-f163-4fea-8024-5c96dfa8d49c/2/320x400.jpeg)
Thank you for looking at my profile. I am a BABCP accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist providing counselling and psychotherapy for adults and young people in Glasgow. I have over 10 years of specialist experience working with adults and students who are experiencing anxiety, depression, low self esteem, trauma and addiction. I work with people who want to overcome difficulties such as; stress, uncontrollable worry, low mood, OCD, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and relationship difficulties. It takes much courage to ask for help and I will do my best to put your mind at ease when starting therapy with me.
Thank you for looking at my profile. I am a BABCP accredited Cognitive Behavioural Therapist providing counselling and psychotherapy for adults and young people in Glasgow. I have over 10 years of specialist experience working with adults and students who are experiencing anxiety, depression, low self esteem, trauma and addiction. I work with people who want to overcome difficulties such as; stress, uncontrollable worry, low mood, OCD, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and relationship difficulties. It takes much courage to ask for help and I will do my best to put your mind at ease when starting therapy with me.
![Photo of Malcolm Sutherland - Your Life Change, MSc, MBABCP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fd75a384-e9ec-41d3-ad51-93ffeb7ee58e/1/320x400.jpeg)
Your Life Change
Counsellor, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Glasgow East, Glasgow G31
Waitlist for new clients
I am a BABCP Accredited CBT therapist. I am also an Associate Member of ISST (International Schema Society). I have a background of thirty years in professional drama. My drama experience, linked to CBT and schema-aware therapy techniques, can help you rescript your life to make it happier, more satisfying, or, sometimes, just easier!
I am a BABCP Accredited CBT therapist. I am also an Associate Member of ISST (International Schema Society). I have a background of thirty years in professional drama. My drama experience, linked to CBT and schema-aware therapy techniques, can help you rescript your life to make it happier, more satisfying, or, sometimes, just easier!
![Photo of Sarah Grant, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/403b699a-0126-42f0-925d-7c03e3f4a94a/2/320x400.jpeg)
Finding a therapist who you feel really "gets you" is not always easy and can take time. From personal experience I know how invaluable therapy can be when you share your vulnerabilities and receive compassion without judgement in return. Whatever is bringing you to counselling at this time in your life, I would offer you an open and honest space to share your feelings without fear of rejection. I would be privileged to help in your search for the answers that you are looking for to move forward from where you are now, and in doing so help you feel more at peace within yourself.
Finding a therapist who you feel really "gets you" is not always easy and can take time. From personal experience I know how invaluable therapy can be when you share your vulnerabilities and receive compassion without judgement in return. Whatever is bringing you to counselling at this time in your life, I would offer you an open and honest space to share your feelings without fear of rejection. I would be privileged to help in your search for the answers that you are looking for to move forward from where you are now, and in doing so help you feel more at peace within yourself.
![Photo of Kevin Clarke, MBACP, Psychotherapist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/6f4f8aad-d7a3-41c0-9613-43e3adfb5c44/3/320x400.jpeg)
Kevin Clarke
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glasgow East, Glasgow G40
Waitlist for new clients
Hello, I’m Kevin. I’m a qualified Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist and registered member of the BACP. I have my own calm and peaceful therapy room based in Bridgeton, Glasgow (see pictures below). I work with clients face-to-face or remotely via Zoom. I have experience of working within a range of areas including anxiety, depression, understanding emotions, work-related stress, addiction, anger, trauma, relationship issues, bereavement, low self-esteem and more.
Hello, I’m Kevin. I’m a qualified Integrative Counsellor and Psychotherapist and registered member of the BACP. I have my own calm and peaceful therapy room based in Bridgeton, Glasgow (see pictures below). I work with clients face-to-face or remotely via Zoom. I have experience of working within a range of areas including anxiety, depression, understanding emotions, work-related stress, addiction, anger, trauma, relationship issues, bereavement, low self-esteem and more.
![Photo of Lisa Ann Harkins, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/e9920a8d-877f-4249-8e13-52164b81e06c/2/320x400.jpeg)
Hi there, thank you for visiting my profile. I am Lisa Ann, an Integrative Humanistic Counsellor; Integrative allows me to draw from a range of different modalities, and apply them to best suit your needs as the client. I believe in working collaboratively with my clients, meaning we will work together on the issues you are experiencing, that are impacting on your mental health. My position as a counsellor is not to tell you what to do. My role is to respectively try to help you work on the issues, you wish to work on, and to find the best possible solutions that will aid you on your journey of healing.
Hi there, thank you for visiting my profile. I am Lisa Ann, an Integrative Humanistic Counsellor; Integrative allows me to draw from a range of different modalities, and apply them to best suit your needs as the client. I believe in working collaboratively with my clients, meaning we will work together on the issues you are experiencing, that are impacting on your mental health. My position as a counsellor is not to tell you what to do. My role is to respectively try to help you work on the issues, you wish to work on, and to find the best possible solutions that will aid you on your journey of healing.
![Photo of Isabel Traynor - Dr Isabel Traynor, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/d350707e-580a-45c6-9417-eaab1080efcd/1/320x400.jpeg)
The nature of being a human means we are all prone to experiencing difficulties with managing stress, emotions and relationships. It can help to talk about your worries and gain an understanding about what is causing them, what helps you, what makes things worse and most importantly what changes you can make to improve things. I understand that it can be difficult to reach out for help. You have made the first step by looking for support and I hope you will get in touch to discuss your situation. You can be assured that things will be taken at a pace that you find acceptable and manageable.
The nature of being a human means we are all prone to experiencing difficulties with managing stress, emotions and relationships. It can help to talk about your worries and gain an understanding about what is causing them, what helps you, what makes things worse and most importantly what changes you can make to improve things. I understand that it can be difficult to reach out for help. You have made the first step by looking for support and I hope you will get in touch to discuss your situation. You can be assured that things will be taken at a pace that you find acceptable and manageable.
![Photo of Matthew Costello, MBACP, Counsellor](https://photos.psychologytoday.com/fae9265d-b914-4091-8055-36ae38457a97/3/320x400.jpeg)
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Do you put your needs at the bottom of the to-do list? Do you wonder if life should feel somehow better? Happier? Now more than ever, people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed and uncertain about how they are supposed to manage their relationships, careers and their lives. Pushing away your needs and not taking time for yourself can lead to long-term issues for your mind and body. I believe it shouldn’t be so hard to live a better life.
I offer my services online and in-person, including a unique "walk and talk" option that combines the therapeutic benefits of nature
Do you struggle with feeling disconnected from yourself and others? Do you put your needs at the bottom of the to-do list? Do you wonder if life should feel somehow better? Happier? Now more than ever, people are feeling anxious, overwhelmed and uncertain about how they are supposed to manage their relationships, careers and their lives. Pushing away your needs and not taking time for yourself can lead to long-term issues for your mind and body. I believe it shouldn’t be so hard to live a better life.
I offer my services online and in-person, including a unique "walk and talk" option that combines the therapeutic benefits of nature
See more therapy options for Glasgow East, Glasgow
Nearby Searches for Glasgow East, Glasgow
See More CounsellorsHow does your Counsellor compare?
Number of Counsellors in Glasgow East, Glasgow
40+
Average cost per session
£50
Counsellors in Glasgow East, Glasgow who prioritize treating:
90% | Depression |
90% | Anxiety |
88% | Self Esteem |
76% | Stress |
71% | Trauma and PTSD |
68% | Coping Skills |
66% | Relationship Issues |
Average years in practice
4 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
100% | Vitality |
83% | Aviva |
33% | AXA PPP |
How Counsellors in Glasgow East, Glasgow see their clients
79% | In Person and Online | |
21% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
79% | Female | |
21% | Male |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling
How can I find a therapist in Glasgow East, Glasgow?
Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?
Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.