Counselling in Edinburgh

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Photo of Crystal Yuhua Lei, MBACP, Counsellor
Crystal Yuhua Lei
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH9
Welcome, I'm Crystal. Feeling anxious or overwhelmed about starting therapy with a new therapist? I get it. Imagine yourself already there in the room, being warmly received just as you are. I'm a fully qualified a psychodynamic and humanistic therapist based in Edinburgh. I'm dedicated to offering you a space of psychological safety, compassion and genuine human connection within my therapeutic practice. You’ll find me to be warm, gentle, and engaging as we work together to explore whatever issue you're facing.
Welcome, I'm Crystal. Feeling anxious or overwhelmed about starting therapy with a new therapist? I get it. Imagine yourself already there in the room, being warmly received just as you are. I'm a fully qualified a psychodynamic and humanistic therapist based in Edinburgh. I'm dedicated to offering you a space of psychological safety, compassion and genuine human connection within my therapeutic practice. You’ll find me to be warm, gentle, and engaging as we work together to explore whatever issue you're facing.
01764 915857 View 01764 915857
Photo of Monika Knitter, MBACP, Counsellor
Monika Knitter
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
Are you struggling with feeling powerless? Is sadness or depression weighing you down? It may be that constant anxiety, worry, or low self-esteem prevents you from progressing in life. You may feel that your past is continually replayed in the present, causing confusion. Whatever the problem, you may find that your usual way of coping and addressing issues may not be effective, leaving you feeling helpless. I have found profound relief and liberation through my therapeutic journey. Today, as a fully qualified Integrative Counsellor, with passion and tenderness, I offer this support to you.
Are you struggling with feeling powerless? Is sadness or depression weighing you down? It may be that constant anxiety, worry, or low self-esteem prevents you from progressing in life. You may feel that your past is continually replayed in the present, causing confusion. Whatever the problem, you may find that your usual way of coping and addressing issues may not be effective, leaving you feeling helpless. I have found profound relief and liberation through my therapeutic journey. Today, as a fully qualified Integrative Counsellor, with passion and tenderness, I offer this support to you.
01764 915875 View 01764 915875
Photo of Carolina Isabel Riera Quintero - Child and Brain, PsychD, CPsychol, Psychologist
Child and Brain
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
Has your child anxiety? Sensory or motor issues? Struggles at school? Can you cope with these? Have you had any assessment and/without medication but it seems not to be enough? Your child might have ADHD, Dyslexia, development delay or something else, but solutions offered do not improve their quality of life? Primitive reflexes integration therapy can help. Neuroscience techniques are developing quickly nowadays, and therapies based on neuroplasticity stimulation are under science research giving great results.
Has your child anxiety? Sensory or motor issues? Struggles at school? Can you cope with these? Have you had any assessment and/without medication but it seems not to be enough? Your child might have ADHD, Dyslexia, development delay or something else, but solutions offered do not improve their quality of life? Primitive reflexes integration therapy can help. Neuroscience techniques are developing quickly nowadays, and therapies based on neuroplasticity stimulation are under science research giving great results.
0131 381 0268 View 0131 381 0268
Photo of Shannon Jones, MA, BACP, Counsellor
Shannon Jones
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH1
I am a person-centered counsellor with a background in private practice and independent schools. I believe that healing happens in the context of relationships, and I am dedicated to cultivating a safe and welcoming environment where clients can come as they are and work collaboratively toward their goals. It takes great strength to decide to come to counselling and it has been a joy to witness the healing that happens when clients give themselves space to slow down and process.
I am a person-centered counsellor with a background in private practice and independent schools. I believe that healing happens in the context of relationships, and I am dedicated to cultivating a safe and welcoming environment where clients can come as they are and work collaboratively toward their goals. It takes great strength to decide to come to counselling and it has been a joy to witness the healing that happens when clients give themselves space to slow down and process.
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Photo of Krzysztof Wlodarski - Be Yourself Psychotherapy , DCounsPsych, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Be Yourself Psychotherapy
Psychotherapist, DCounsPsych, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH7
The first session is an opportunity to hear what brings you to therapy. We will assess the level and impact of the difficulty you are facing on your life, which will create a baseline that we will use later to monitor progress. We will then focus on finding out what you would like to gain from our work together. Often, clients know what they do not want, but identifying what they would like to change is harder. My role is to help you with that. Studies show that awareness of your needs is the first crucial step in the process of change
The first session is an opportunity to hear what brings you to therapy. We will assess the level and impact of the difficulty you are facing on your life, which will create a baseline that we will use later to monitor progress. We will then focus on finding out what you would like to gain from our work together. Often, clients know what they do not want, but identifying what they would like to change is harder. My role is to help you with that. Studies show that awareness of your needs is the first crucial step in the process of change
01764 915872 View 01764 915872
Photo of Laura Elder
Laura Elder
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH10
Therapy creates the opportunity to build a secure foundation for wellbeing. Understanding your needs, emotions and thoughts becomes an empowering part of life. My work as a therapist is based on the knowledge that change is possible. Through our work together, you can gain concrete tools to help handle stressful situations, see things from a new perspective and challenge unhelpful thoughts and beliefs to help lead to living a more balanced, fulfilled and empowered life.
Therapy creates the opportunity to build a secure foundation for wellbeing. Understanding your needs, emotions and thoughts becomes an empowering part of life. My work as a therapist is based on the knowledge that change is possible. Through our work together, you can gain concrete tools to help handle stressful situations, see things from a new perspective and challenge unhelpful thoughts and beliefs to help lead to living a more balanced, fulfilled and empowered life.
0131 381 2232 View 0131 381 2232
Photo of Zoi Zompopoulou - Creative Sport Mind, PsychD, HCPC - Sport Psych., Psychologist
Creative Sport Mind
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Sport Psych.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH6  (Online Only)
Hi, welcome! I'm Dr Zoi, founder of Creative Sport Mind. I provide performance psychology support to help you better understand yourself and reach your full potential. I have 8+ years of experience in educational, mental health and sporting environments. Areas of expertise: self-criticism, confidence, burnout, performance anxiety, perfectionism.
Hi, welcome! I'm Dr Zoi, founder of Creative Sport Mind. I provide performance psychology support to help you better understand yourself and reach your full potential. I have 8+ years of experience in educational, mental health and sporting environments. Areas of expertise: self-criticism, confidence, burnout, performance anxiety, perfectionism.
0131 381 8152 View 0131 381 8152
Photo of Mal Zbikowska - Family Psychotherapy, MSc
Family Psychotherapy
MSc
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH6
Hello, my name is Mal Zbikowska, I’m a qualified Systemic Family Psychotherapist and a founder of Family Psychotherapy. I love seeing people grow and achieve their potential. Working relationally not only is my passion but also part of my value base. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of joining families, couples and individuals on their journey to closer connections, self-awareness, and acceptance that fostered deeper insights and understanding.
Hello, my name is Mal Zbikowska, I’m a qualified Systemic Family Psychotherapist and a founder of Family Psychotherapy. I love seeing people grow and achieve their potential. Working relationally not only is my passion but also part of my value base. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of joining families, couples and individuals on their journey to closer connections, self-awareness, and acceptance that fostered deeper insights and understanding.
0131 381 6356 View 0131 381 6356
Photo of Simona Di Folco, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Simona Di Folco
Psychologist, PhD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH3
Seeking help is not easy; if you land on this page, you are brave, as it takes great courage. You are not alone in this struggle, and I am here to offer you a safe and compassionate space where you can explore your innermost thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment. Together, we will delve into the root causes of your suffering, unravelling the patterns that keep you feeling stuck and overwhelmed. My approach, combining individualised psychodynamic techniques with genuine empathy and understanding, sets me apart as a therapist.
Seeking help is not easy; if you land on this page, you are brave, as it takes great courage. You are not alone in this struggle, and I am here to offer you a safe and compassionate space where you can explore your innermost thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment. Together, we will delve into the root causes of your suffering, unravelling the patterns that keep you feeling stuck and overwhelmed. My approach, combining individualised psychodynamic techniques with genuine empathy and understanding, sets me apart as a therapist.
01764 910432 View 01764 910432
Photo of Jessica J Sweet, MSc, GMBPsS, Psychologist
Jessica J Sweet
Psychologist, MSc, GMBPsS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH7  (Online Only)
I'm a dedicated therapist & coach specializing in empowering neurodiversity, providing health and nutrition guidance, and offering life coaching. With a fervent commitment to helping people break through stagnancy and self-limiting beliefs, I am here to support your journey towards personal growth and fulfillment. We'll reflect upon and identify your values so that we can set goals that light you up! I have >5 years experience as an Autism Specialist at the University of Edinburgh, where I offer 1:1 autism support, facilitate a weekly AS support group, and also developed/deliver AS awareness/inclusion training to other departments.
I'm a dedicated therapist & coach specializing in empowering neurodiversity, providing health and nutrition guidance, and offering life coaching. With a fervent commitment to helping people break through stagnancy and self-limiting beliefs, I am here to support your journey towards personal growth and fulfillment. We'll reflect upon and identify your values so that we can set goals that light you up! I have >5 years experience as an Autism Specialist at the University of Edinburgh, where I offer 1:1 autism support, facilitate a weekly AS support group, and also developed/deliver AS awareness/inclusion training to other departments.
0131 381 5066 View 0131 381 5066
Photo of Iris Bosnic, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Iris Bosnic
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH1
Managing daily commitments and juggling mental and physical health, while trying to enjoy life on top of that, is a lot at the best of times. Especially then when issues arise, living the life you want can feel near impossible. These periods in life are too often related to more “obvious” things such as life events and illness. However, they can also be about more “subtle”, yet very real and common experiences such as sadness and discomfort of where you are in life, how you feel about yourself, and unresolved past issues. Whatever the challenges, I believe that a safe and non-judgemental therapy space may help you navigate them.
Managing daily commitments and juggling mental and physical health, while trying to enjoy life on top of that, is a lot at the best of times. Especially then when issues arise, living the life you want can feel near impossible. These periods in life are too often related to more “obvious” things such as life events and illness. However, they can also be about more “subtle”, yet very real and common experiences such as sadness and discomfort of where you are in life, how you feel about yourself, and unresolved past issues. Whatever the challenges, I believe that a safe and non-judgemental therapy space may help you navigate them.
01934 311918 View 01934 311918
Photo of Tim McConville, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Tim McConville
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH3
Hello there, thanks for checking me out. Individuals: Life’s toll can leave us with hurts and regrets. Sometimes we end up so wounded everything loses its shine. Life becomes colourless. We struggle with trauma, anxiety or low mood. By creating a constructive conversation with me, we can work towards healing. Couples: I use emotionally focused therapy to help create a connection between spouses and partners. I explore hurtful cycles of interaction to change them. Together we develop positive cycles to heal the relationship. Families: I specialise in young adults/students and their parents; blended families; alienation; child contact
Hello there, thanks for checking me out. Individuals: Life’s toll can leave us with hurts and regrets. Sometimes we end up so wounded everything loses its shine. Life becomes colourless. We struggle with trauma, anxiety or low mood. By creating a constructive conversation with me, we can work towards healing. Couples: I use emotionally focused therapy to help create a connection between spouses and partners. I explore hurtful cycles of interaction to change them. Together we develop positive cycles to heal the relationship. Families: I specialise in young adults/students and their parents; blended families; alienation; child contact
0131 357 6469 View 0131 357 6469
Photo of DANIEL Killeen - Daniel Killeen Counselling & Psychotherapy , MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Daniel Killeen Counselling & Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH6
I help people who want to understand themselves better. In our sessions, we explore your thoughts and feelings, especially those that might be hidden beneath the surface. Doing so helps you see how your past experiences shape your present and uncover any internal struggles you might not be fully aware of. My goal is to create a supportive space where you can gain insight and grow. I combine empathy with thoughtful questions to help you discover and work through any underlying issues.
I help people who want to understand themselves better. In our sessions, we explore your thoughts and feelings, especially those that might be hidden beneath the surface. Doing so helps you see how your past experiences shape your present and uncover any internal struggles you might not be fully aware of. My goal is to create a supportive space where you can gain insight and grow. I combine empathy with thoughtful questions to help you discover and work through any underlying issues.
0131 381 8509 View 0131 381 8509
Photo of Katalin Thomann - Mama’S Worth - Pregnancy Perinatal Counselling, MSc, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Mama’S Worth - Pregnancy Perinatal Counselling
Counsellor, MSc, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH3
My passion for wanting to support mums was borne out of my own difficult journey into motherhood. A challenging pregnancy and a traumatic birth followed by severe postnatal depression and PTSD fuelled my drive to working with mums to make their journeys more manageable and enjoyable. Having worked hard on recovering from this difficult start to motherhood, I went on to train as a counsellor at the University of Edinburgh (MSc) and Chrysalis (Postgraduate Diploma). I have completed numerous trainings on trauma - specifically birth trauma and continue to participate in CPDs to inform my practice as a perinatal mental health therapist
My passion for wanting to support mums was borne out of my own difficult journey into motherhood. A challenging pregnancy and a traumatic birth followed by severe postnatal depression and PTSD fuelled my drive to working with mums to make their journeys more manageable and enjoyable. Having worked hard on recovering from this difficult start to motherhood, I went on to train as a counsellor at the University of Edinburgh (MSc) and Chrysalis (Postgraduate Diploma). I have completed numerous trainings on trauma - specifically birth trauma and continue to participate in CPDs to inform my practice as a perinatal mental health therapist
0131 381 0435 View 0131 381 0435
Paul Drewnicki
Psychotherapist, MSc, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH6
Hello I’m Paul, an Art Therapist with experience helping individuals heal and grow through creativity. Registered with the HCPC, I blend psychological theories with art theory to support you in exploring your emotions and personal narratives through conversation and artistic expression.
Hello I’m Paul, an Art Therapist with experience helping individuals heal and grow through creativity. Registered with the HCPC, I blend psychological theories with art theory to support you in exploring your emotions and personal narratives through conversation and artistic expression.
0131 357 6121 View 0131 357 6121
Photo of Robert John Margetson, MBACP, Counsellor
Robert John Margetson
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH6  (Online Only)
Do you feel overwhelmed by life. Does it feel like all your thoughts and feelings are like a ball of tangled spaghetti. Anxiety, depression and lots of other issues could be entwined. Counselling can help you to un-tangle that ball, help you to understand your thoughts and feelings. I am a qualified, Integrative Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, working within Leith, Edinburgh area. I work with a wide range of issues and specialise in working with Domestic abuse issues. My approach to counselling is based on the belief that healthy emotional well-being is created within safe, nurturing and caring relationships.
Do you feel overwhelmed by life. Does it feel like all your thoughts and feelings are like a ball of tangled spaghetti. Anxiety, depression and lots of other issues could be entwined. Counselling can help you to un-tangle that ball, help you to understand your thoughts and feelings. I am a qualified, Integrative Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, working within Leith, Edinburgh area. I work with a wide range of issues and specialise in working with Domestic abuse issues. My approach to counselling is based on the belief that healthy emotional well-being is created within safe, nurturing and caring relationships.
0131 381 0144 View 0131 381 0144
Photo of Ana Puljic, MSc, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Ana Puljic
Psychotherapist, MSc, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH2
Hi there, my name is Ana and I'm a psychodynamic therapist and supervisor with a special interest and experience in working with those affected by existential issues and a Masters thesis in working with adult children of parents with narcissistic traits. In my client work, I draw on my background in psychology, philosophy and systemic therapy, as well as psychodynamic therapy and attachment theory which looks at the unconscious relational processes between us and finds links between what you're experiencing in the present and your early childhood and family experiences. My supervision approach is both psychodynamic and integrative.
Hi there, my name is Ana and I'm a psychodynamic therapist and supervisor with a special interest and experience in working with those affected by existential issues and a Masters thesis in working with adult children of parents with narcissistic traits. In my client work, I draw on my background in psychology, philosophy and systemic therapy, as well as psychodynamic therapy and attachment theory which looks at the unconscious relational processes between us and finds links between what you're experiencing in the present and your early childhood and family experiences. My supervision approach is both psychodynamic and integrative.
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Photo of Kate Hedges, MBACP, Counsellor
Kate Hedges
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH9
Counselling is your confidential space to talk. You may be seeking clarity on an issue, or want to explore things that are overwhelming you, and if you wish, make changes in your life. I hope that by talking to a professional during these difficult times can bring peace. I offer a safe space as we unravel together the aspects of you that are struggling or stuck. And help you to find new perspectives to deal with living the way that you want to live.
Counselling is your confidential space to talk. You may be seeking clarity on an issue, or want to explore things that are overwhelming you, and if you wish, make changes in your life. I hope that by talking to a professional during these difficult times can bring peace. I offer a safe space as we unravel together the aspects of you that are struggling or stuck. And help you to find new perspectives to deal with living the way that you want to live.
01764 915672 View 01764 915672
Photo of Sarah Somner, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Sarah Somner
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Edinburgh EH10
I offer counselling and psychotherapy for both individuals and couples with wide ranging issues. Counselling can be a very important part of managing your mental wellbeing, particularly at this worrying and for some, lonely time. I  provide a safe and confidential therapeutic space, where you can feel listened to and understood, allowing you to explore your emotions, without being judged.
I offer counselling and psychotherapy for both individuals and couples with wide ranging issues. Counselling can be a very important part of managing your mental wellbeing, particularly at this worrying and for some, lonely time. I  provide a safe and confidential therapeutic space, where you can feel listened to and understood, allowing you to explore your emotions, without being judged.
0131 510 5843 View 0131 510 5843
Photo of Emma Ryland - Emma Ryland Positive About Neurodiversity, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Emma Ryland Positive About Neurodiversity
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edinburgh EH6
It’s a big step to come to therapy, especially if you’ve had a lifetime of feeling different and not understood or heard. Maybe you experience anxiety and it’s starting to impact your life? Perhaps you have poor self-esteem and would like to set better boundaries? Have you or someone you care about recently received an autism or ADHD diagnosis and you’re having complicated feelings, not sure what to do now? Are you keen to please others but really harsh on yourself? I regularly work with people who answer 'yes' to these types of question.
It’s a big step to come to therapy, especially if you’ve had a lifetime of feeling different and not understood or heard. Maybe you experience anxiety and it’s starting to impact your life? Perhaps you have poor self-esteem and would like to set better boundaries? Have you or someone you care about recently received an autism or ADHD diagnosis and you’re having complicated feelings, not sure what to do now? Are you keen to please others but really harsh on yourself? I regularly work with people who answer 'yes' to these types of question.
01764 915850 View 01764 915850
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See more therapy options for Edinburgh

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Edinburgh

500+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Edinburgh who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
84% Self Esteem
83% Depression
79% Stress
76% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
59% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aviva
54% AXA PPP
47% Vitality

How Counsellors in Edinburgh see their clients

67% In Person and Online
33% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Edinburgh?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.