Photo of Philippa Joy Goddard, MBACP, Counsellor
Philippa Joy Goddard
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I believe that life is a gift; yet, at times, it can feel quite the opposite. Sometimes, we can feel overwhelmed by our difficulties. ​Often, a trained, non-judgmental and objective ear can help order one's thoughts, challenge ingrained patterns of behaviour, and manage emotions. 
I believe that life is a gift; yet, at times, it can feel quite the opposite. Sometimes, we can feel overwhelmed by our difficulties. ​Often, a trained, non-judgmental and objective ear can help order one's thoughts, challenge ingrained patterns of behaviour, and manage emotions. 
01572 498987 View 01572 498987
Photo of Judy Gibbons, MBACP, Counsellor
Judy Gibbons
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I am a qualified and experienced Integrative counsellor and Internal Family Systems therapist, working with adults across a wide range of life's challenges in the Exeter area and on-line. I hope to encourage self-acceptance as a good enough person, quietening the inner critic & bringing self-compassion to the relationship you have with yourself & transforming your relationship with others. Together, we can explore the feelings, thoughts & relational patterns that have been causing you distress. I can support you to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of past experiences & how these may impact your struggles in the present.
I am a qualified and experienced Integrative counsellor and Internal Family Systems therapist, working with adults across a wide range of life's challenges in the Exeter area and on-line. I hope to encourage self-acceptance as a good enough person, quietening the inner critic & bringing self-compassion to the relationship you have with yourself & transforming your relationship with others. Together, we can explore the feelings, thoughts & relational patterns that have been causing you distress. I can support you to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of past experiences & how these may impact your struggles in the present.
01392 549067 View 01392 549067
Photo of Gavin Weir-Jones, MA, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Gavin Weir-Jones
Psychotherapist, MA, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
My work deals universally with the reduction of suffering, your suffering. Specifically this may include Depression, Anxiety, Low Mood, Loss of purpose, Grief, Relationship issues, managing change and family problems. Often we can be lost in our thinking and we can swing, like a pendulum, between worries of the past and anxieties of the future, never really pausing to be present now. This is normal, we all have these times. However sometimes, some of us get stuck in these places and need some guidance to bring us into balance and offer us support,at difficult times in our lives.
My work deals universally with the reduction of suffering, your suffering. Specifically this may include Depression, Anxiety, Low Mood, Loss of purpose, Grief, Relationship issues, managing change and family problems. Often we can be lost in our thinking and we can swing, like a pendulum, between worries of the past and anxieties of the future, never really pausing to be present now. This is normal, we all have these times. However sometimes, some of us get stuck in these places and need some guidance to bring us into balance and offer us support,at difficult times in our lives.
01392 531589 View 01392 531589
Photo of Catherine Roguski, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Catherine Roguski
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
I work ONLINE and Face-to-Face in Topsham. I have over 40 years experience working effectively in private practice as an integrative holistic healthcare practitioner and previously as a nurse in both the NHS and private healthcare specialising in women’s health. My psychotherapeutic counselling practice draws upon several humanistic, psychodynamic and solution focused approaches incorporating the very best techniques including creative ways of working to best fit your needs. I have a lot of life experience both personally and professionally. I am a good listener. I am not easily shocked.
I work ONLINE and Face-to-Face in Topsham. I have over 40 years experience working effectively in private practice as an integrative holistic healthcare practitioner and previously as a nurse in both the NHS and private healthcare specialising in women’s health. My psychotherapeutic counselling practice draws upon several humanistic, psychodynamic and solution focused approaches incorporating the very best techniques including creative ways of working to best fit your needs. I have a lot of life experience both personally and professionally. I am a good listener. I am not easily shocked.
01392 549042 View 01392 549042
Photo of Jennifer Gledhill, MA, BACP, Counsellor
Jennifer Gledhill
Counsellor, MA, BACP
Verified Verified
Making the first move to see a counsellor can feel like a big step, especially if this is the first time you've done it. Perhaps you feel like you’re worrying more than usual at the moment? Or maybe there is a specific issue on your mind that you can't seem to get past. Perhaps you've had enough of feeling anxious, or you're feeling low and 'stuck'. When we have the opportunity to share how we feel in a safe, confidential environment it can help us to develop a toolkit of coping strategies to deal with times when things get tough.
Making the first move to see a counsellor can feel like a big step, especially if this is the first time you've done it. Perhaps you feel like you’re worrying more than usual at the moment? Or maybe there is a specific issue on your mind that you can't seem to get past. Perhaps you've had enough of feeling anxious, or you're feeling low and 'stuck'. When we have the opportunity to share how we feel in a safe, confidential environment it can help us to develop a toolkit of coping strategies to deal with times when things get tough.
01392 321533 View 01392 321533
Photo of Good Life Therapy | Anxiety Relationships Couples Psychotherapist, MA, Psychotherapist
You're feeling anxious and overwhelmed in life and in your relationships.. and there's a very good reason for that. My job is to help you understand why you feel the way you do so that we can come up with practical ways to get you feeling like your old self again. Whilst I am a psychodynamic therapist, I also focus on direct solutions. I'm a modern therapist who wants to help you navigate life, implement changes that are most important to you, and live the life that leaves you excited to wake up every morning. If you're looking for support in this fast-paced, complex world, then I'm so glad you're here and you are right on time.
You're feeling anxious and overwhelmed in life and in your relationships.. and there's a very good reason for that. My job is to help you understand why you feel the way you do so that we can come up with practical ways to get you feeling like your old self again. Whilst I am a psychodynamic therapist, I also focus on direct solutions. I'm a modern therapist who wants to help you navigate life, implement changes that are most important to you, and live the life that leaves you excited to wake up every morning. If you're looking for support in this fast-paced, complex world, then I'm so glad you're here and you are right on time.
01392 321515 View 01392 321515
Photo of Hannah Speirs, MBACP, Counsellor
Hannah Speirs
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Exeter EX3  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome. If you are looking at this, I imagine you have reached a point in your life where you feel something needs to change. Maybe you are experiencing difficult emotions, relationship problems or unhelpful behaviour patterns. Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed, anxious, angry, low or stressed. Whatever you are going through at the moment, I offer a compassionate, warm and accepting space where you can safely explore your difficulties. You can expect to feel fully supported whilst developing a better understanding of yourself, and working towards making positive effective changes.
Hello and welcome. If you are looking at this, I imagine you have reached a point in your life where you feel something needs to change. Maybe you are experiencing difficult emotions, relationship problems or unhelpful behaviour patterns. Perhaps you feel stuck, overwhelmed, anxious, angry, low or stressed. Whatever you are going through at the moment, I offer a compassionate, warm and accepting space where you can safely explore your difficulties. You can expect to feel fully supported whilst developing a better understanding of yourself, and working towards making positive effective changes.
07942 374316 View 07942 374316
Photo of Bernadette Kavanagh, BACP, Counsellor
Bernadette Kavanagh
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
I am an experienced registered counsellor. I offer a warm, calm, confidential and non judgmental space for clients to explore thoughts and feelings. I work with a range of issues with both males, females and couples. I also work at The Safe Foundation as Clinical Lead. I specialise with clients, both male and female who have been through domestic abuse and Trauma.
I am an experienced registered counsellor. I offer a warm, calm, confidential and non judgmental space for clients to explore thoughts and feelings. I work with a range of issues with both males, females and couples. I also work at The Safe Foundation as Clinical Lead. I specialise with clients, both male and female who have been through domestic abuse and Trauma.
01392 531580 View 01392 531580
Photo of Ollie Frame, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Ollie Frame
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Waitlist for new clients
Hello. I am an experienced integrative therapist offering sessions in blocks of six to eight weeks, focussing on a specific issue in a targeted way. Perhaps you are reading this because you are feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure of the way forward. Perhaps you are having difficulties relating to career, relationships or family life, or with emotions such as anger, anxiety or low mood. You might be struggling with addictions, with life changes or transitions, or you might be suffering with a sense of alienation or a crisis of meaning in your life. If so, I hope you will read on and get in touch if my approach resonates with you.
Hello. I am an experienced integrative therapist offering sessions in blocks of six to eight weeks, focussing on a specific issue in a targeted way. Perhaps you are reading this because you are feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or unsure of the way forward. Perhaps you are having difficulties relating to career, relationships or family life, or with emotions such as anger, anxiety or low mood. You might be struggling with addictions, with life changes or transitions, or you might be suffering with a sense of alienation or a crisis of meaning in your life. If so, I hope you will read on and get in touch if my approach resonates with you.
01803 228071 View 01803 228071
Photo of Dora Bernardes, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dora Bernardes
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hi, I am a Clinical Psychologist working with Children and Young People in Exeter. My aim is to provide a light and trusting space based on collaboration between myself, children/young people and parents so that as a team we can support children and young people. I have more than 15 years experience of working with young people with a wide range of presentations such as low mood, anxiety, school difficulties, coping with health concerns and other challenging issues. Fees: £80 (self-funded) - but contact me if this is an obstacle as I have a sliding scale in order to be able to reach out to families- or £110 (with insurance).
Hi, I am a Clinical Psychologist working with Children and Young People in Exeter. My aim is to provide a light and trusting space based on collaboration between myself, children/young people and parents so that as a team we can support children and young people. I have more than 15 years experience of working with young people with a wide range of presentations such as low mood, anxiety, school difficulties, coping with health concerns and other challenging issues. Fees: £80 (self-funded) - but contact me if this is an obstacle as I have a sliding scale in order to be able to reach out to families- or £110 (with insurance).
01392 321331 View 01392 321331
Photo of Hayley Louise Moll - Hayley Moll - Acorn to Oak Therapy , MBACP, Psychotherapist
Hayley Moll - Acorn to Oak Therapy
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
I'm Hayley, an intuitive and compassionate Therapist. I specialise in any relationship/communication issues, self confidence & self esteem. When difficulties, loss and breakdowns happen in our relationships. It can affect our well-being and ability to function. I am a fully registered member of the BACP. I have a range of experience working for a local mental health charity and with the NHS.
I'm Hayley, an intuitive and compassionate Therapist. I specialise in any relationship/communication issues, self confidence & self esteem. When difficulties, loss and breakdowns happen in our relationships. It can affect our well-being and ability to function. I am a fully registered member of the BACP. I have a range of experience working for a local mental health charity and with the NHS.
01392 321916 View 01392 321916
Photo of Anne-Marie Lorenzo, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Anne-Marie Lorenzo
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hi! Welcome to Embark Exeter - Canine Assisted Therapy. You've made a huge leap towards investigating what's troubling you, just be being here - reading this. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present, and look to the future. I can promise you that I won't judge you, and will treat you with care, sensitivity, compassion and honesty. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring.
Hi! Welcome to Embark Exeter - Canine Assisted Therapy. You've made a huge leap towards investigating what's troubling you, just be being here - reading this. I see my job as helping you to "unpack" and explore your past and present, and look to the future. I can promise you that I won't judge you, and will treat you with care, sensitivity, compassion and honesty. I have a wealth of lived experiences that have brought me to where I am today, and I am passionate about the empowerment, healing and personal growth that the counselling relationship can bring.
01392 321719 View 01392 321719
Photo of Jess Harrison, MBACP, Counsellor
Jess Harrison
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
As well as online video apps, I work face to face with adults, young people (11+) and couples. Sometimes friends or family are unable to support you so an impartial professional can really help. Powerlessness, change, loneliness, grief and anxiety are just a few of the overwhelming feelings many are experiencing. There is no need to be alone in this. Call for a chat to see if, together, we can find a way forward.
As well as online video apps, I work face to face with adults, young people (11+) and couples. Sometimes friends or family are unable to support you so an impartial professional can really help. Powerlessness, change, loneliness, grief and anxiety are just a few of the overwhelming feelings many are experiencing. There is no need to be alone in this. Call for a chat to see if, together, we can find a way forward.
01392 549041 View 01392 549041
Photo of Catherine C Davies, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Catherine C Davies
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Exeter EX3  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I specialise in the field of unresolved grief, loss, overwhelm and trauma. I offer EMDR therapy to clients who seek to fulfil their potential away from painful life events, overwhelming and challenging personal and professional stressors. I have experience in treating single or complex traumas alongside supporting the emotional wellbeing of any individuals at high risk of stress, anxiety and chronic career pressures. Over the last sixteen years as an integrative psychotherapist, supervisor and clinical lead in a busy NHS environment, I have also experienced a broad spectrum of clients' concerns and struggles.
I specialise in the field of unresolved grief, loss, overwhelm and trauma. I offer EMDR therapy to clients who seek to fulfil their potential away from painful life events, overwhelming and challenging personal and professional stressors. I have experience in treating single or complex traumas alongside supporting the emotional wellbeing of any individuals at high risk of stress, anxiety and chronic career pressures. Over the last sixteen years as an integrative psychotherapist, supervisor and clinical lead in a busy NHS environment, I have also experienced a broad spectrum of clients' concerns and struggles.
01392 573808 View 01392 573808
Photo of Emily Godfrey-King, MBACP, Counsellor
Emily Godfrey-King
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives, even those who we may regard as the strong ones. It can be a lonely and overwhelming time, one of the hardest tasks is making the first step to reach out for help, so well done for managing to come this far. The aim of Counselling is to provide a safe, secure and non-judgemental environment in which any concerns or issues can be discussed.
Everyone experiences difficulties at some point in their lives, even those who we may regard as the strong ones. It can be a lonely and overwhelming time, one of the hardest tasks is making the first step to reach out for help, so well done for managing to come this far. The aim of Counselling is to provide a safe, secure and non-judgemental environment in which any concerns or issues can be discussed.
01392 321299 View 01392 321299
Photo of Lauren Elliott Vincent, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Lauren Elliott Vincent
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
I have a lot of life experience and understanding of the importance of life and the struggles we all face, through my own trials and professional workings. ​ ​I am an Integrative Counsellor, which means I'm able to draw on a variety of methods and techniques to best assist you maintaining very relaxed, patient led sessions giving you the opportunity to grow and develop as best you can, helping you to help yourself. I work in a variety of ways to help you feel comfortable and open up in a safe space. My approach is based on working in the here and now looking at whats going on for you whilst also paying attention to unfinished cycles
I have a lot of life experience and understanding of the importance of life and the struggles we all face, through my own trials and professional workings. ​ ​I am an Integrative Counsellor, which means I'm able to draw on a variety of methods and techniques to best assist you maintaining very relaxed, patient led sessions giving you the opportunity to grow and develop as best you can, helping you to help yourself. I work in a variety of ways to help you feel comfortable and open up in a safe space. My approach is based on working in the here and now looking at whats going on for you whilst also paying attention to unfinished cycles
01392 573768 View 01392 573768
Photo of Max Cohen, MBACP, Counsellor
Max Cohen
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
I work with individuals and couples aged 18+ on all issues. I specialise in trans+ (genderqueer, non-binary), LGBTQ+ issues & family support. I'm an Advanced Accredited Gender, Sex and Relationship Diversities Therapist (Pink Therapy). I also have over 25 years of experience of support work in areas such as living with HIV, recovering from domestic abuse, young people's issues, neurodiverse awareness and work-related issues such as discrimination.
I work with individuals and couples aged 18+ on all issues. I specialise in trans+ (genderqueer, non-binary), LGBTQ+ issues & family support. I'm an Advanced Accredited Gender, Sex and Relationship Diversities Therapist (Pink Therapy). I also have over 25 years of experience of support work in areas such as living with HIV, recovering from domestic abuse, young people's issues, neurodiverse awareness and work-related issues such as discrimination.
01392 349025 View 01392 349025
Photo of Jane Meares, MBACP, Counsellor
Jane Meares
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Do you put on a brave face but feel different on the inside? Perhaps you’re empty and numb, or overwhelmed by emotions? Are you finding it hard to cope day-to-day? I know how tough life can be at times and how lonely it feels when no one seems to understand. If you’re wondering when you’ll feel happy or hopeful again, or you’re worrying about the future and fearing the worst, or maybe you’re struggling with a big change and a sense of who you are; I’d like to help. Being able to talk freely to someone, without fear of judgement or shame, can be a huge relief.
Do you put on a brave face but feel different on the inside? Perhaps you’re empty and numb, or overwhelmed by emotions? Are you finding it hard to cope day-to-day? I know how tough life can be at times and how lonely it feels when no one seems to understand. If you’re wondering when you’ll feel happy or hopeful again, or you’re worrying about the future and fearing the worst, or maybe you’re struggling with a big change and a sense of who you are; I’d like to help. Being able to talk freely to someone, without fear of judgement or shame, can be a huge relief.
01392 321316 View 01392 321316
Photo of Katherine dayman, DCounsPsych, BACP, Counsellor
Katherine dayman
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, BACP
Verified Verified
I am a down to earth, straight talking counsellor and supervisor, with many years experience working with bereavement, loss and trauma. I offer both short term, goal focussed work, as well as longer term therapy, depending on your needs. I have a keen interest in working with those who are neurodiverse, as well as supporting those who live with someone who is neurodiverse. As a supervisor, I will work collaboratively with you to explore all aspects of working as a practitioner to support your continuing, ongoing development.
I am a down to earth, straight talking counsellor and supervisor, with many years experience working with bereavement, loss and trauma. I offer both short term, goal focussed work, as well as longer term therapy, depending on your needs. I have a keen interest in working with those who are neurodiverse, as well as supporting those who live with someone who is neurodiverse. As a supervisor, I will work collaboratively with you to explore all aspects of working as a practitioner to support your continuing, ongoing development.
01392 321846 View 01392 321846
Photo of Rea Pearson, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Rea Pearson
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Experienced & BACP Accredited, sex-positive Gender, Sexuality & Relationship Diversity (GSRD) therapist working with LGBTQIA+ people. Knowledgable about gender, sexuality, transitioning, polyamory, consensual & ethical non-monogamy (CNM/ENM), open relationships, kink, BDSM, D/s, fetishes, sexual Issues, sex workers, swinging, munches, and sex parties. All genders and sexualities welcome. I support people with opening up relationships, or who are into, or experimenting with, kinks or power play. I also see a lot of trans and non-binary clients. I am a fully qualified sex therapist so can help with most sexual issues.
Experienced & BACP Accredited, sex-positive Gender, Sexuality & Relationship Diversity (GSRD) therapist working with LGBTQIA+ people. Knowledgable about gender, sexuality, transitioning, polyamory, consensual & ethical non-monogamy (CNM/ENM), open relationships, kink, BDSM, D/s, fetishes, sexual Issues, sex workers, swinging, munches, and sex parties. All genders and sexualities welcome. I support people with opening up relationships, or who are into, or experimenting with, kinks or power play. I also see a lot of trans and non-binary clients. I am a fully qualified sex therapist so can help with most sexual issues.
01392 531579 View 01392 531579
1

See more therapy options for EX3

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in EX3

30+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in EX3 who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
92% Self Esteem
89% Depression
89% Stress
84% Relationship Issues
81% Bereavement
76% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

7 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

43% AXA PPP
43% Bupa
29% Other

How Counsellors in EX3 see their clients

92% In Person and Online
8% Online Only

Gender breakdown

89% Female
11% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in EX3?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.