Counselling in Plymouth

Photo of Lorna Lapthorn, MBACP, Counsellor
Lorna Lapthorn
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL9
If you are struggling with lifes issues and feel stuck or unable to move forward from unhelpful thoughts and behaviour patterns and want to make positive changes I would love to help you. I am solution focused and straight talking and draw on a number of theories to suit the client.
If you are struggling with lifes issues and feel stuck or unable to move forward from unhelpful thoughts and behaviour patterns and want to make positive changes I would love to help you. I am solution focused and straight talking and draw on a number of theories to suit the client.
01752 741763 View 01752 741763
Photo of Lisa Williams - Hope and Empathy Counselling, MBACP, Counsellor
Hope and Empathy Counselling
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL7
Firstly thank you for your time in considering if I am a therapist with whom you feel that you may be able to connect with. My name is Lisa from Hope and Empathy Counselling. I am a qualified counsellor based in Plympton, Plymouth, Devon. I work from a warm, comfortable and private space within my home. Before becoming a counsellor I worked for many years in the social care field, working for the local authority and within GP Practices. I have extensive experience of working with people from diverse backgrounds, disabilities and with various challenges. My passion has always been working with people, with a person led approach.
Firstly thank you for your time in considering if I am a therapist with whom you feel that you may be able to connect with. My name is Lisa from Hope and Empathy Counselling. I am a qualified counsellor based in Plympton, Plymouth, Devon. I work from a warm, comfortable and private space within my home. Before becoming a counsellor I worked for many years in the social care field, working for the local authority and within GP Practices. I have extensive experience of working with people from diverse backgrounds, disabilities and with various challenges. My passion has always been working with people, with a person led approach.
07305 824957 View 07305 824957
Photo of Anna Batey - Anna Batey Counselling/Supervision/EMDR, PNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Anna Batey Counselling/Supervision/EMDR
Counsellor, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plymouth PL4
Waitlist for new clients
Are you so focused on worrying about what could happen that you're not making anything happen? Is this stopping you from achieving your goals? This negative cycle is exhausting and can leave you feeling trapped and alone. The good news is that the ability to change is in your hands; imagine waking up every day and not feeling like this. I've helped lots of people suffering from anxiety take control and live the life they want to live. Let me help you to live yours. If you'd like to find out more I offer a free phone or Zoom consultation.
Are you so focused on worrying about what could happen that you're not making anything happen? Is this stopping you from achieving your goals? This negative cycle is exhausting and can leave you feeling trapped and alone. The good news is that the ability to change is in your hands; imagine waking up every day and not feeling like this. I've helped lots of people suffering from anxiety take control and live the life they want to live. Let me help you to live yours. If you'd like to find out more I offer a free phone or Zoom consultation.
01752 982558 View 01752 982558
Photo of Leonora Eddolls, MBACP, Counsellor
Leonora Eddolls
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
I have worked as a Relate Counsellor since 2013 specialising in couples, family and individual counselling.   As a neurodivergent individual with a neurodivergent family I developed a special interest in neurodivergence including Adult ADHD and Adult Autism.  I completed additional post graduate training to assist me in supporting individuals and couples in understanding the differences in the way the brain operates between neurodivergent and predominant neurotypes with the aim of building better and stronger relationships.
I have worked as a Relate Counsellor since 2013 specialising in couples, family and individual counselling.   As a neurodivergent individual with a neurodivergent family I developed a special interest in neurodivergence including Adult ADHD and Adult Autism.  I completed additional post graduate training to assist me in supporting individuals and couples in understanding the differences in the way the brain operates between neurodivergent and predominant neurotypes with the aim of building better and stronger relationships.
01572 494640 View 01572 494640
Photo of Kirsty Yeoman, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Kirsty Yeoman
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL9
Hello. It's Kirsty here. I'm an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and fully accredited Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy (CBT) therapist. I have extensive experience of working with people who may struggle with anxiety, painful thoughts and feelings, who may have a critical perception of themselves, who may find relationships difficult or experience the world and others as unsafe. I also have experience of working with people who may describe their problems as low mood, trauma, social anxiety, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic, health anxiety or long term conditions.
Hello. It's Kirsty here. I'm an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and fully accredited Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy (CBT) therapist. I have extensive experience of working with people who may struggle with anxiety, painful thoughts and feelings, who may have a critical perception of themselves, who may find relationships difficult or experience the world and others as unsafe. I also have experience of working with people who may describe their problems as low mood, trauma, social anxiety, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic, health anxiety or long term conditions.
01752 741496 View 01752 741496
Photo of David Victor, MBACP, Counsellor
David Victor
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL6  (Online Only)
We all carry with us a weight of experience that is repressed, denied, distorted or simply misunderstood. We construct narratives that help us to ignore or avoid the parts of our lives that might be unwelcome or unwanted. We struggle with anger, anxiety, guilt, self-loathing and resentment at a huge personal cost. Through talking, in the presence of real listening, we are able to gently explore the truths that have eluded us and are left feeling lighter. This unfurling of what we truly feel and experience sets in motion the life changing process of becoming; of returning to the person we were all along.
We all carry with us a weight of experience that is repressed, denied, distorted or simply misunderstood. We construct narratives that help us to ignore or avoid the parts of our lives that might be unwelcome or unwanted. We struggle with anger, anxiety, guilt, self-loathing and resentment at a huge personal cost. Through talking, in the presence of real listening, we are able to gently explore the truths that have eluded us and are left feeling lighter. This unfurling of what we truly feel and experience sets in motion the life changing process of becoming; of returning to the person we were all along.
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Photo of Kamil Kostrzewa - Kamil's Counselling and Psychotherapy, MA, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Kamil's Counselling and Psychotherapy
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth PL7
EMDR Trauma based therapy available. Depression, Anxiety, Couple & Relationship Problems, Low Self-Esteem, LBGTQ+ Related Issues. Offering Relational and EMDR therapy. I am here to help . My name is Kamil, I am fully qualified, MBACP Accredited and experienced counsellor and psychotherapist. I offer a warm, confidential and non-judgemental environment for individual clients and couples. I truly believe that change is possible for everyone. I have confidence to be able to provide enough support to help you to find the best coping strategies to change your life for the better.
EMDR Trauma based therapy available. Depression, Anxiety, Couple & Relationship Problems, Low Self-Esteem, LBGTQ+ Related Issues. Offering Relational and EMDR therapy. I am here to help . My name is Kamil, I am fully qualified, MBACP Accredited and experienced counsellor and psychotherapist. I offer a warm, confidential and non-judgemental environment for individual clients and couples. I truly believe that change is possible for everyone. I have confidence to be able to provide enough support to help you to find the best coping strategies to change your life for the better.
01752 746470 View 01752 746470
Photo of Caleb John Carter, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Caleb John Carter
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
Hi, I’m Caleb (he, him). As an experienced and fully qualified counsellor, I bring a wealth of expertise in supporting individuals facing a myriad of challenges, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, bereavement, and historical trauma. Through my years of practice, I've come to understand the intricate ways in which these difficulties can impact our emotional well-being and our ability to regulate our thoughts and feelings.
Hi, I’m Caleb (he, him). As an experienced and fully qualified counsellor, I bring a wealth of expertise in supporting individuals facing a myriad of challenges, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, bereavement, and historical trauma. Through my years of practice, I've come to understand the intricate ways in which these difficulties can impact our emotional well-being and our ability to regulate our thoughts and feelings.
01572 491077 View 01572 491077
Photo of Dr Victoria Brown, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Victoria Brown
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth PL1
Waitlist for new clients
Hello. The decision to start therapy shows courage to face into and tackle issues and choices in life. This might be addressing a specific problem or challenge, or it may be about trying to make sense of things that have happened to you, or patterns that have become stuck. I am trained as a psychologist, psychotherapist and coach so we can work in the way that suits you best. I work with adults and adolescents (16+) using creative and evidence based approaches to support new ways of being. This includes people suffering with anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), low self-esteem but also more general challenges.
Hello. The decision to start therapy shows courage to face into and tackle issues and choices in life. This might be addressing a specific problem or challenge, or it may be about trying to make sense of things that have happened to you, or patterns that have become stuck. I am trained as a psychologist, psychotherapist and coach so we can work in the way that suits you best. I work with adults and adolescents (16+) using creative and evidence based approaches to support new ways of being. This includes people suffering with anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), low self-esteem but also more general challenges.
01752 982956 View 01752 982956
Photo of Joanna Godding, MBACP, Counsellor
Joanna Godding
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL7
Hi, I am an Attachment Focused Counsellor, Creative Arts and Play Therapist working with Children, Adolescents and Families. My clinic is located In Plympton PL7 1RF. I have been working with vulnerable Children and Adolescents within private and educational settings for over 15 years. I am registered with the BACP & PTUK.
Hi, I am an Attachment Focused Counsellor, Creative Arts and Play Therapist working with Children, Adolescents and Families. My clinic is located In Plympton PL7 1RF. I have been working with vulnerable Children and Adolescents within private and educational settings for over 15 years. I am registered with the BACP & PTUK.
01752 741078 View 01752 741078
Photo of Krissy Dudley, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Krissy Dudley
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plymouth PL5
Clients access therapy for a multitude of reasons; there may be issues in the here and now, fears for the future or you may have experienced things in your past that affect you now. In therapy we can explore the roots of issues, process what may remain unprocessed currently, build self-esteem and help meet your wants, needs and wishes. Many people access therapy because they want to feel different, to change the emotions they are experiencing, or for others it may be learning to access feelings that have perhaps been locked away through trauma. Whatever you need, reach out and we can see how best I can meet your needs.
Clients access therapy for a multitude of reasons; there may be issues in the here and now, fears for the future or you may have experienced things in your past that affect you now. In therapy we can explore the roots of issues, process what may remain unprocessed currently, build self-esteem and help meet your wants, needs and wishes. Many people access therapy because they want to feel different, to change the emotions they are experiencing, or for others it may be learning to access feelings that have perhaps been locked away through trauma. Whatever you need, reach out and we can see how best I can meet your needs.
01752 968318 View 01752 968318
Photo of Kerry O'Gorman, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Kerry O'Gorman
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL2  (Online Only)
I first discovered counselling when I was referred to one many years ago. The experience for me was life changing. It was one of my first relationships that valued my choices and it and me gave me the tools, knowledge and courage to make changes in my life. I believe no one will know the truth about themselves until you find it by yourself. In doing so will give you greater value and empower you to make your own choices.
I first discovered counselling when I was referred to one many years ago. The experience for me was life changing. It was one of my first relationships that valued my choices and it and me gave me the tools, knowledge and courage to make changes in my life. I believe no one will know the truth about themselves until you find it by yourself. In doing so will give you greater value and empower you to make your own choices.
01572 492371 View 01572 492371
Photo of Stuart Toghill - Brainworktherapy Ltd., MBACP, Psychotherapist
Brainworktherapy Ltd.
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL9
Are you struggling with anxiety? I can help. BWRT can quickly and effectively treat anxiety, stress, fears and phobias, grief, low self esteem, anger, addictions, OCD and many other problems. Get in touch to find out more.
Are you struggling with anxiety? I can help. BWRT can quickly and effectively treat anxiety, stress, fears and phobias, grief, low self esteem, anger, addictions, OCD and many other problems. Get in touch to find out more.
01752 741116 View 01752 741116
Photo of Caroline Dicker - Caz  Counselling , MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Caz Counselling
Counsellor, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL5
Hello, I am Caroline and my experiences as a client ,over about 4 years inspired me to become a counsellor. These positive experiences changed my life for the better and I would like to use this to help others to deal with the complexities of life. Loss and change are inevitable and we can find change particularly difficult especially when it is imposed on us. Sometimes we hide feelings of deep distress until they explode to the surface knocking us off our feet. Redundancy ,unemployment, bereavement, chronic illness, low self esteem, anger management and depression are all issues which highlighted during COVID. and still remain
Hello, I am Caroline and my experiences as a client ,over about 4 years inspired me to become a counsellor. These positive experiences changed my life for the better and I would like to use this to help others to deal with the complexities of life. Loss and change are inevitable and we can find change particularly difficult especially when it is imposed on us. Sometimes we hide feelings of deep distress until they explode to the surface knocking us off our feet. Redundancy ,unemployment, bereavement, chronic illness, low self esteem, anger management and depression are all issues which highlighted during COVID. and still remain
01572 494663 View 01572 494663
Photo of Elizabeth Ann Firman - Dragonfly Counselling and Psychotherapy, DCounsPsych, MBACP, Counsellor
Dragonfly Counselling and Psychotherapy
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
Elizabeth is dedicated to supporting people with anxiety, depression, stress and mental health issues, for your emotional wellbeing. You might find yourself repeating unhelpful patterns of behaviour, or a past experience has had an impact on your life and the time as come to make sense of them. Maybe you would like to take some time to get to know yourself. Dragonfly Counselling & Psychotherapy offers a confidential, supportive, and safe space to reflect. My person centred approach means that together we will prioritise your needs, develop your own self, understand and express your feelings and process any inner conflicts.
Elizabeth is dedicated to supporting people with anxiety, depression, stress and mental health issues, for your emotional wellbeing. You might find yourself repeating unhelpful patterns of behaviour, or a past experience has had an impact on your life and the time as come to make sense of them. Maybe you would like to take some time to get to know yourself. Dragonfly Counselling & Psychotherapy offers a confidential, supportive, and safe space to reflect. My person centred approach means that together we will prioritise your needs, develop your own self, understand and express your feelings and process any inner conflicts.
01752 982958 View 01752 982958
Photo of Dr Lynsey Williams, PhD
Dr Lynsey Williams
PhD
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
I reply to enquires quickly and will return your message promptly. I am a trained Humanistic therapist, this means I am led by my client’s needs, and work to understand the unique experience of each individual that has led them to seek help. All the clients I see want to resolve difficulties they are experiencing and achieve improvements to their emotional well being and the relationship they have with themselves and others. The skills and approaches developed over the course of my career enable me to adapt to your specific needs.
I reply to enquires quickly and will return your message promptly. I am a trained Humanistic therapist, this means I am led by my client’s needs, and work to understand the unique experience of each individual that has led them to seek help. All the clients I see want to resolve difficulties they are experiencing and achieve improvements to their emotional well being and the relationship they have with themselves and others. The skills and approaches developed over the course of my career enable me to adapt to your specific needs.
01752 982805 View 01752 982805
Photo of Claire Goddard, MBACP, Counsellor
Claire Goddard
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
I am a compassionate and dedicated counsellor/psychotherapist committed to guiding individuals and couples on their journey towards mental and emotional well-being. Having worked within a Bereavement agency, an agency for victims of sexual violence and within Relate I bring a wealth of knowledge and empathy to my practice. Using an Integrative model, I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs of each individual. I seek to help clients navigate life's challenges, overcome obstacles, and cultivate a greater sense of self-awareness and resilience.
I am a compassionate and dedicated counsellor/psychotherapist committed to guiding individuals and couples on their journey towards mental and emotional well-being. Having worked within a Bereavement agency, an agency for victims of sexual violence and within Relate I bring a wealth of knowledge and empathy to my practice. Using an Integrative model, I tailor my approach to meet the unique needs of each individual. I seek to help clients navigate life's challenges, overcome obstacles, and cultivate a greater sense of self-awareness and resilience.
01572 498915 View 01572 498915
Photo of Megan Andrews - Picking Up The Pieces, MBACP, Counsellor
Picking Up The Pieces
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL4
I'm Megan. Life can throw unexpected difficulties in our direction at any time & things can get tough making you feel anxious, fearful, sad, trapped or alone causing you to struggle & feel you cant find your way out-you are alone. Picking Up the Pieces can help you to understand your situation better, together we can find ways forward, enhance choices to regain control & achieve a happier you.
I'm Megan. Life can throw unexpected difficulties in our direction at any time & things can get tough making you feel anxious, fearful, sad, trapped or alone causing you to struggle & feel you cant find your way out-you are alone. Picking Up the Pieces can help you to understand your situation better, together we can find ways forward, enhance choices to regain control & achieve a happier you.
01752 982187 View 01752 982187
Photo of Natasha Broomfield, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap., Psychotherapist
Natasha Broomfield
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL3  (Online Only)
Hello, I’m Natasha, an HCPC registered Dramatherapist offering a confidential and creative space where together we can explore and think about the things in your life that you feel you need support with. My practice focuses on helping you make space to connect with the parts of yourself that need expression and tending to. Together we can explore these issues with the aim of enabling a process of self-discovery, healing and change to unfold.
Hello, I’m Natasha, an HCPC registered Dramatherapist offering a confidential and creative space where together we can explore and think about the things in your life that you feel you need support with. My practice focuses on helping you make space to connect with the parts of yourself that need expression and tending to. Together we can explore these issues with the aim of enabling a process of self-discovery, healing and change to unfold.
01572 491095 View 01572 491095
Photo of Dr Joanne Porter Consultant Clinical Psychologist Emdr Practitioner, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Joanne Porter Consultant Clinical Psychologist Emdr Practitioner
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Plymouth PL9
Not accepting new clients
I specialise in working with Adults, CPTSD, Autism, PD, DID, Autism Assessments. I offer short term, ad hoc, or long term therapy. Single or multiple event trauma. People come to me with a variety of conditions and we work together at both a practical and therapeutic level. I will tell you if I feel I am not the therapist for you. I have special interests in CPTSD, Autism and Intellectual Disability. I am experienced in working with LGBTQ+ clients. I specialise in EMDR, IFS, and Psychodynamic approaches. I draw upon Systemic, CBT, ACT and SFT. I offer NICE compliant diagnostic Autism assessments.
I specialise in working with Adults, CPTSD, Autism, PD, DID, Autism Assessments. I offer short term, ad hoc, or long term therapy. Single or multiple event trauma. People come to me with a variety of conditions and we work together at both a practical and therapeutic level. I will tell you if I feel I am not the therapist for you. I have special interests in CPTSD, Autism and Intellectual Disability. I am experienced in working with LGBTQ+ clients. I specialise in EMDR, IFS, and Psychodynamic approaches. I draw upon Systemic, CBT, ACT and SFT. I offer NICE compliant diagnostic Autism assessments.
01752 987270 View 01752 987270

See more therapy options for Plymouth

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Plymouth

100+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Plymouth who prioritize treating:

87% Anxiety
86% Depression
80% Self Esteem
77% Stress
73% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

40% AXA PPP
36% Aviva
36% WPA

How Counsellors in Plymouth see their clients

83% In Person and Online
17% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Plymouth?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.