Photo of Paul Salvage, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Paul Salvage
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Hello, thanks for looking at my profile. I am a fully registered Psychotherapist, with in-depth experience of helping people struggling with emotional and/or mental health difficulties. I will work to support your positive mental health by engaging with you in a thorough process where together we can come to understand and deal with the distressing symptoms you may be experiencing. Often these come in the form of depressions, anxieties, anger, addictions and relationship difficulties.From my training and experience and I will listen carefully to both the conscious and unconscious processes and reflect on these in a way that helps.
Hello, thanks for looking at my profile. I am a fully registered Psychotherapist, with in-depth experience of helping people struggling with emotional and/or mental health difficulties. I will work to support your positive mental health by engaging with you in a thorough process where together we can come to understand and deal with the distressing symptoms you may be experiencing. Often these come in the form of depressions, anxieties, anger, addictions and relationship difficulties.From my training and experience and I will listen carefully to both the conscious and unconscious processes and reflect on these in a way that helps.
01273 974238 View 01273 974238
Photo of Dr Ella Davey, DCounsPsych, CPsychol, Psychologist
Dr Ella Davey
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, CPsychol
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hove BN3
If you’re feeling things have now got beyond your control, I can help. You might be feeling this way because of a current situation or by something in the past. Maybe this goes back to childhood. I specialise in emotional difficulty and relational trauma. Perhaps you’re feeling misunderstood and adrift, or that your needs or boundaries play second fiddle to those of others? Do you struggle to stay in control of your emotions or end up feeling hurt without really knowing why? If so, I understand you and I can help you to feel grounded, insightful and better equipped - not just to manage, but to thrive.
If you’re feeling things have now got beyond your control, I can help. You might be feeling this way because of a current situation or by something in the past. Maybe this goes back to childhood. I specialise in emotional difficulty and relational trauma. Perhaps you’re feeling misunderstood and adrift, or that your needs or boundaries play second fiddle to those of others? Do you struggle to stay in control of your emotions or end up feeling hurt without really knowing why? If so, I understand you and I can help you to feel grounded, insightful and better equipped - not just to manage, but to thrive.
01273 032531 View 01273 032531
Photo of Sian Lamey, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Sian Lamey
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Hello and welcome. Are you feeling like life is not heading in the direction you want it to? Are you feeling like your emotions are in the driving seat? Whether you are feeling Anxious, Depressed, struggling with Low self-esteem, experiencing PTSD/ cPTSD, Trauma, Grief/ Bereavement, or Stress, or you may be going through a life transition or experiencing a Long term health condition, I am here to help. I provide evidence based therapy for adults and teens aged 14+ within the Brighton and Hove area and online.
Hello and welcome. Are you feeling like life is not heading in the direction you want it to? Are you feeling like your emotions are in the driving seat? Whether you are feeling Anxious, Depressed, struggling with Low self-esteem, experiencing PTSD/ cPTSD, Trauma, Grief/ Bereavement, or Stress, or you may be going through a life transition or experiencing a Long term health condition, I am here to help. I provide evidence based therapy for adults and teens aged 14+ within the Brighton and Hove area and online.
01273 092810 View 01273 092810
Photo of Olivia Morton, MBACP, Counsellor
Olivia Morton
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Hove BN3
I work with clients on any element of self development or exploration. I have experience with a range of presenting issues such as: cultural/identity related issues, abuse, family/relationship dynamics, and anxiety. Sessions can sometimes reach unexpected places and this requires my clients to have an element of open-mindedness and bravery.
I work with clients on any element of self development or exploration. I have experience with a range of presenting issues such as: cultural/identity related issues, abuse, family/relationship dynamics, and anxiety. Sessions can sometimes reach unexpected places and this requires my clients to have an element of open-mindedness and bravery.
01273 957638 View 01273 957638
Evangelia Papandreou
Psychotherapist, MSc, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I'm an Art psychotherapist and Trainee Systemic Family therapist (currently completing the final year of my training). I am also trained in trauma therapy models. I'm a somatic experiencing practitioner and have completed the first Level of Sensorimotor Psychotherapy training. I have additional training in various other modalities. I have experience working with adults, young people and children presenting with a variety of issues and experiences, including anxiety, depression, loss and grief, eating disorders, intrusive thoughts and images, dissociation and relationship challenges.
I'm an Art psychotherapist and Trainee Systemic Family therapist (currently completing the final year of my training). I am also trained in trauma therapy models. I'm a somatic experiencing practitioner and have completed the first Level of Sensorimotor Psychotherapy training. I have additional training in various other modalities. I have experience working with adults, young people and children presenting with a variety of issues and experiences, including anxiety, depression, loss and grief, eating disorders, intrusive thoughts and images, dissociation and relationship challenges.
01273 944043 View 01273 944043
Photo of Claire Barnes, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Claire Barnes
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I am a psychotherapist and group analyst and have been a therapist for nearly 30 years in many different settings. In my approach, I am interested in making connections between experiences and difficulties in the present, with events and relationships from the past. In my experience, difficulties people experience as adults can often be part of a repeated pattern. I will be curious about relationships in your life but also the way you relate to yourself and to others. This will include how it is in the therapy relationship - whether individually or group.
I am a psychotherapist and group analyst and have been a therapist for nearly 30 years in many different settings. In my approach, I am interested in making connections between experiences and difficulties in the present, with events and relationships from the past. In my experience, difficulties people experience as adults can often be part of a repeated pattern. I will be curious about relationships in your life but also the way you relate to yourself and to others. This will include how it is in the therapy relationship - whether individually or group.
01273 092354 View 01273 092354
Photo of Dr Asuka Boyle, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Asuka Boyle
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hove BN3
I am a Clinical Psychologist (HCPC registered) offering psychological support to children, young people, parents and adults. I work integratively and draw upon a range of therapeutic models in order to get the best fit for you; CBT, attachment theories and DDP, DBT, ACT, CFT and narrative therapy. I have worked in a range of settings including CAMHS, paediatric settings, services specialising in trauma, adult mental health services and in services specifically for neurodiverse young people and adults.
I am a Clinical Psychologist (HCPC registered) offering psychological support to children, young people, parents and adults. I work integratively and draw upon a range of therapeutic models in order to get the best fit for you; CBT, attachment theories and DDP, DBT, ACT, CFT and narrative therapy. I have worked in a range of settings including CAMHS, paediatric settings, services specialising in trauma, adult mental health services and in services specifically for neurodiverse young people and adults.
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Photo of Pippa Jackson, MSc, MBACP, Counsellor
Pippa Jackson
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Hello, I'm Pippa and I have more than 10 years' experience helping stressed and anxious teenagers feel better, build confidence in themselves and find healthier ways to cope. I really understand how all consuming it is when you're worried about your child. They might be worried about school, relationships with friends or family or perhaps feeling on edge, overwhelmed or sad and tearful without knowing why. Sometimes it can be really helpful to have a trusted adult outside the family who can give a supportive space to your young person and guide you all through the process towards feeling better.
Hello, I'm Pippa and I have more than 10 years' experience helping stressed and anxious teenagers feel better, build confidence in themselves and find healthier ways to cope. I really understand how all consuming it is when you're worried about your child. They might be worried about school, relationships with friends or family or perhaps feeling on edge, overwhelmed or sad and tearful without knowing why. Sometimes it can be really helpful to have a trusted adult outside the family who can give a supportive space to your young person and guide you all through the process towards feeling better.
01273 093023 View 01273 093023
Photo of Suzie Edgeley, MSc, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Suzie Edgeley
Psychotherapist, MSc, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I believe we have within ourselves all the necessary resources and knowledge to live a full and meaningful life. Counselling can provide the necessary conditions to re-establish that potential. My work is firmly grounded in the Humanistic tradition of believing that you are the expert of your own lived experience. My role is to enquire, respectfully challenge and understand that perspective, which in turn can help to empower you in your everyday life.
I believe we have within ourselves all the necessary resources and knowledge to live a full and meaningful life. Counselling can provide the necessary conditions to re-establish that potential. My work is firmly grounded in the Humanistic tradition of believing that you are the expert of your own lived experience. My role is to enquire, respectfully challenge and understand that perspective, which in turn can help to empower you in your everyday life.
01273 894601 View 01273 894601
Photo of Jonathan Miles, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc., Counsellor
Jonathan Miles
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I offer an integrative approach to therapy that blends various therapeutic modalities to meet your unique needs. Drawing from a rich tapestry of psychological theories and techniques, I create a safe and supportive space for clients to explore their thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. With a holistic perspective, we will not only address the symptoms but also the root causes of distress, fostering deep and lasting transformation. Clients come to me experiencing anxiety, depression, bereavement, relationship issues and trauma as well as seeking personal development. We will tailor our work together to suit your individual journey.
I offer an integrative approach to therapy that blends various therapeutic modalities to meet your unique needs. Drawing from a rich tapestry of psychological theories and techniques, I create a safe and supportive space for clients to explore their thoughts, emotions, and behaviours. With a holistic perspective, we will not only address the symptoms but also the root causes of distress, fostering deep and lasting transformation. Clients come to me experiencing anxiety, depression, bereavement, relationship issues and trauma as well as seeking personal development. We will tailor our work together to suit your individual journey.
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Photo of Joana Pancada, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Joana Pancada
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
It can be really unsettling to deal with negative emotions by ourselves and to not know what we can do to help ourselves to feel better. I have been guiding clients for 16 years to achieve a resilient emotional stability and a more balanced sense of self-worth.
It can be really unsettling to deal with negative emotions by ourselves and to not know what we can do to help ourselves to feel better. I have been guiding clients for 16 years to achieve a resilient emotional stability and a more balanced sense of self-worth.
01273 099120 View 01273 099120
Photo of Brunna Mendes, MBACP, Counsellor
Brunna Mendes
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Everyone will experience times in their lives when problems can feel overwhelming. Experienced traumas, difficulties with relationships, sexuality issues, fear of aloneness, pattern of behaviour are just a few examples of life struggles that can be experienced by everyone at some stage of their lives. These difficulties create conscious and unconscious barriers to our authenticity and impact our relationships. I understand how hard it can be to start therapy and will offer a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space (face-face and online) to explore together whatever you wish to discuss. I am a registered member of BACP and UKCP.
Everyone will experience times in their lives when problems can feel overwhelming. Experienced traumas, difficulties with relationships, sexuality issues, fear of aloneness, pattern of behaviour are just a few examples of life struggles that can be experienced by everyone at some stage of their lives. These difficulties create conscious and unconscious barriers to our authenticity and impact our relationships. I understand how hard it can be to start therapy and will offer a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space (face-face and online) to explore together whatever you wish to discuss. I am a registered member of BACP and UKCP.
01273 092522 View 01273 092522
Photo of Debra Gilbert, MBACP, Counsellor
Debra Gilbert
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I am an experienced Humanistic Psychotherapeutic Counsellor offering a safe, supportive, non-judgemental space to help you explore your anxieties, difficulties, feelings and behaviours. I am fully qualified and hold a Diploma in Therapeutic Counselling. I have specific training in bereavement and loss, expressive arts, existential counselling, working with men, menopause and counselling in a diverse society. I practice within the BACP ethical framework and hold an Enhanced DBS certificate. I value diversity and individuality and my practice is non-discriminatory.
I am an experienced Humanistic Psychotherapeutic Counsellor offering a safe, supportive, non-judgemental space to help you explore your anxieties, difficulties, feelings and behaviours. I am fully qualified and hold a Diploma in Therapeutic Counselling. I have specific training in bereavement and loss, expressive arts, existential counselling, working with men, menopause and counselling in a diverse society. I practice within the BACP ethical framework and hold an Enhanced DBS certificate. I value diversity and individuality and my practice is non-discriminatory.
01273 121288 View 01273 121288
Photo of Anita Toze - Anita Toze Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Anita Toze Psychotherapist
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
No matter what brings you to therapy, it is important. You might be finding that distressing thoughts or feelings are getting in the way. Or perhaps you experience numerous unpleasant physical symptoms. Emotional response is a normal response, but understandably, it can be unpleasant, and might feel uncertain what to do when it happens. Sometimes we all need a bit support and guidance; we don't have to deal with everything on our own, especially when it gets tough. I offer evidence-based therapies within a context of kind, supportive therapeutic relationship. I currently work for mental health organizations and in private practice.
No matter what brings you to therapy, it is important. You might be finding that distressing thoughts or feelings are getting in the way. Or perhaps you experience numerous unpleasant physical symptoms. Emotional response is a normal response, but understandably, it can be unpleasant, and might feel uncertain what to do when it happens. Sometimes we all need a bit support and guidance; we don't have to deal with everything on our own, especially when it gets tough. I offer evidence-based therapies within a context of kind, supportive therapeutic relationship. I currently work for mental health organizations and in private practice.
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Photo of Jayne Gregory, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Jayne Gregory
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Trauma-informed psychotherapist and counsellor with over 15 years’ experience working in the NHS, charity sector, and private practice. I specialise in helping people like you accept and love your authentic, weird, out-of-place self. I help uncover the layers holding you together, enabling you to learn the shadows of the past, understand yourself and thrive. I work with clients of all ages, especially Gen Z / Millennials in their twenties and thirties. Life can be hard to navigate at this age, and it’s easy to feel as if you’re getting it wrong.
Trauma-informed psychotherapist and counsellor with over 15 years’ experience working in the NHS, charity sector, and private practice. I specialise in helping people like you accept and love your authentic, weird, out-of-place self. I help uncover the layers holding you together, enabling you to learn the shadows of the past, understand yourself and thrive. I work with clients of all ages, especially Gen Z / Millennials in their twenties and thirties. Life can be hard to navigate at this age, and it’s easy to feel as if you’re getting it wrong.
01273 121302 View 01273 121302
Photo of Alex Munn, MBACP, Counsellor
Alex Munn
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Hello, I’m Alex. I’m an experienced counsellor offering online and in-person sessions. I believe that talking about personal experiences in a supportive environment can lead to positive, long lasting change. There are many reasons why you might be seeking therapy, perhaps there are specific challenges you’d like to work through, aspects of yourself you’d like to understand better, goals you’d like to work towards or find a greater sense of meaning and purpose in your life. Whatever your reasons may be, my role is to support you through that process.
Hello, I’m Alex. I’m an experienced counsellor offering online and in-person sessions. I believe that talking about personal experiences in a supportive environment can lead to positive, long lasting change. There are many reasons why you might be seeking therapy, perhaps there are specific challenges you’d like to work through, aspects of yourself you’d like to understand better, goals you’d like to work towards or find a greater sense of meaning and purpose in your life. Whatever your reasons may be, my role is to support you through that process.
01903 948382 View 01903 948382
Photo of Anna Pitsillides, BACP, Counsellor
Anna Pitsillides
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Do you find yourself at a time in your life where everything feels overwhelming and it’s hard to know which path to take? Whatever your reason for seeking counselling, my aim is to walk alongside you on your journey. My name is Anna and I am a qualified, Humanistic counsellor. This means I work in a way that aims to see your world through your eyes and create a safe, non-judgemental space in which you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. This may enable you to understand yourself better by building awareness of the way you relate to yourself and others in the world.
Do you find yourself at a time in your life where everything feels overwhelming and it’s hard to know which path to take? Whatever your reason for seeking counselling, my aim is to walk alongside you on your journey. My name is Anna and I am a qualified, Humanistic counsellor. This means I work in a way that aims to see your world through your eyes and create a safe, non-judgemental space in which you can explore your thoughts and feelings at your own pace. This may enable you to understand yourself better by building awareness of the way you relate to yourself and others in the world.
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Photo of Nathalie Mineau, MBACP, Counsellor
Nathalie Mineau
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I am a Humanistic Counsellor and a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I believe that even when faced with what may seem to be insurmountable difficulties, we all have the capacity to heal, recover from the traumatic experiences we may have faced, and live life more fully. Taking the first step on a healing journey can be challenging but finding the right therapist that you can trust and feel comfortable with can make all the difference in helping you move forward and feel safe and supported in exploring the issues you want to work with.
I am a Humanistic Counsellor and a Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. I believe that even when faced with what may seem to be insurmountable difficulties, we all have the capacity to heal, recover from the traumatic experiences we may have faced, and live life more fully. Taking the first step on a healing journey can be challenging but finding the right therapist that you can trust and feel comfortable with can make all the difference in helping you move forward and feel safe and supported in exploring the issues you want to work with.
01273 092180 View 01273 092180
Photo of Lucy Crean, MBACP, Counsellor
Lucy Crean
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
Are you looking for help and support with problems that feel hard to overcome? I am an experienced therapist, and offer a warm, welcoming and calm space to explore your difficulties and facilitate positive change. Perhaps your life taken a turn or direction you are not happy with, or you might have tough choices to make. Maybe you can’t quite put your finger on why you feel unhappy or dissatisfied, but you know that something’s not right. Whatever has brought you to therapy, I am here to help.
Are you looking for help and support with problems that feel hard to overcome? I am an experienced therapist, and offer a warm, welcoming and calm space to explore your difficulties and facilitate positive change. Perhaps your life taken a turn or direction you are not happy with, or you might have tough choices to make. Maybe you can’t quite put your finger on why you feel unhappy or dissatisfied, but you know that something’s not right. Whatever has brought you to therapy, I am here to help.
01273 092674 View 01273 092674
Photo of Dr Evangelia (Eva) Karydi, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Evangelia (Eva) Karydi
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Hove BN3
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist and certified Schema Therapist with experience of working with people with a wide range of issues within the NHS, private sector and other services in the UK and Greece. I have trained in different therapeutic models and I adopt an integrative approach in my work. I specialise in Schema Therapy, attachment-based psychodynamic therapy, Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and CBT. While I am informed by evidence-based therapies, I also integrate elements from various experiential approaches, such Voice Dialogue, Internal Family systems (IFS) and Psychodrama. I am also trained in EMDR.
I am a qualified Counselling Psychologist and certified Schema Therapist with experience of working with people with a wide range of issues within the NHS, private sector and other services in the UK and Greece. I have trained in different therapeutic models and I adopt an integrative approach in my work. I specialise in Schema Therapy, attachment-based psychodynamic therapy, Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) and CBT. While I am informed by evidence-based therapies, I also integrate elements from various experiential approaches, such Voice Dialogue, Internal Family systems (IFS) and Psychodrama. I am also trained in EMDR.
01903 497335 View 01903 497335
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See more therapy options for Hove

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Hove

200+

Average cost per session

£60

Counsellors in Hove who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
92% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
85% Self Esteem
77% Stress
72% Trauma and PTSD
69% Bereavement

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

67% Aviva
61% AXA PPP
51% Bupa

How Counsellors in Hove see their clients

93% In Person and Online
7% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Hove?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.