Photo of Jemma Austin, MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Jemma Austin
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Haxby YO32
Not accepting new clients
If you are experiencing difficulties that are impacting on your life and have decided to take the step to access some help to make a change to your life, then I can help you. I specialise in working with individuals experiencing difficulties due to depression, anxiety and trauma, drawing upon my skills as an Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist, an EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing) Practitioner and Interpersonal Psychotherapist for Depression (IPT). I work with an individual to help them gain a better understanding of themselves, their difficulties and strategies improve how they feel.
If you are experiencing difficulties that are impacting on your life and have decided to take the step to access some help to make a change to your life, then I can help you. I specialise in working with individuals experiencing difficulties due to depression, anxiety and trauma, drawing upon my skills as an Accredited Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapist, an EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitisation Reprocessing) Practitioner and Interpersonal Psychotherapist for Depression (IPT). I work with an individual to help them gain a better understanding of themselves, their difficulties and strategies improve how they feel.
01904 929336 View 01904 929336
Photo of Liz Mellor, PhD, MUKCP, Psychotherapist
Liz Mellor
Psychotherapist, PhD, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Haxby YO32
With much understandable anxiety, overwhelm, depression, loss and sadness at this time, I offer a caring, safe, confidential, supportive and non-judgemental space to explore whatever brings you to therapy at this time. Alongside you, I may work towards enabling a surer sense of yourself; safely working with relationship issues (in the past or present); to understand life-changes (e.g. divorce/separation/retirement/identity issues/ bereavement and loss); and in working traumatic moments or life-events. I offer short and longer term work. Each session can potentially discover something new as a spur to growth and healing.
With much understandable anxiety, overwhelm, depression, loss and sadness at this time, I offer a caring, safe, confidential, supportive and non-judgemental space to explore whatever brings you to therapy at this time. Alongside you, I may work towards enabling a surer sense of yourself; safely working with relationship issues (in the past or present); to understand life-changes (e.g. divorce/separation/retirement/identity issues/ bereavement and loss); and in working traumatic moments or life-events. I offer short and longer term work. Each session can potentially discover something new as a spur to growth and healing.
01904 501069 View 01904 501069
Photo of Annika Giles, MBACP, Counsellor
Annika Giles
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Haxby YO32
Do you begin your day feeling anxious, low and lack of motivation, wondering your life is not going where you want to be?  Maybe you wake up during the night worrying and stressed about the day ahead? Are you wondering why you feel so lost and lonely, not fitting in whether it is relationship with your partner, family members, friends or even colleagues at work.  Maybe you are a couple feeling increasingly unhappy, fed up and tired with constant arguing or not talking about things?   You are worried about the future of your relationship?
Do you begin your day feeling anxious, low and lack of motivation, wondering your life is not going where you want to be?  Maybe you wake up during the night worrying and stressed about the day ahead? Are you wondering why you feel so lost and lonely, not fitting in whether it is relationship with your partner, family members, friends or even colleagues at work.  Maybe you are a couple feeling increasingly unhappy, fed up and tired with constant arguing or not talking about things?   You are worried about the future of your relationship?
01347 667207 View 01347 667207
Photo of Louise Coughlin, MSc, HCPC - Forensic Psych., Psychologist
Louise Coughlin
Psychologist, MSc, HCPC - Forensic Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Haxby YO32
We may find it helpful to talk problems through with someone close to us, but sometimes friends and family can not help and we need to speak to a professional therapist. I will spend time talking with you to understand your difficulties and to help you identify the roots of your problem and identify what you want to change in your life. In doing so we can find a way to work together to help you to reach your goals. ​I have worked with issues surrounding, anxiety, depression, trauma (including PTSD), low self esteem, stress, emotional management difficulties, phobias, OCD, relationship difficulties, and grief.
We may find it helpful to talk problems through with someone close to us, but sometimes friends and family can not help and we need to speak to a professional therapist. I will spend time talking with you to understand your difficulties and to help you identify the roots of your problem and identify what you want to change in your life. In doing so we can find a way to work together to help you to reach your goals. ​I have worked with issues surrounding, anxiety, depression, trauma (including PTSD), low self esteem, stress, emotional management difficulties, phobias, OCD, relationship difficulties, and grief.
07824 552510 View 07824 552510

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Dr Lily Lewis - Trauma Therapist, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Lily Lewis - Trauma Therapist
Psychologist, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York YO31  (Online Only)
Are you looking to make sense of things or heal from painful events? You might be experiencing intense feelings, unwanted thoughts or images, or struggling in your parenting, relationships or work. Perhaps your coping strategies are getting in the way of the life you want to lead. You are not alone. I see psychological distress as our brains doing their best to cope with a challenging world. Together we can understand why your brain and body is coping in this way and reach out to those parts of you that are struggling.
Are you looking to make sense of things or heal from painful events? You might be experiencing intense feelings, unwanted thoughts or images, or struggling in your parenting, relationships or work. Perhaps your coping strategies are getting in the way of the life you want to lead. You are not alone. I see psychological distress as our brains doing their best to cope with a challenging world. Together we can understand why your brain and body is coping in this way and reach out to those parts of you that are struggling.
01904 935313 View 01904 935313
Photo of Will Sessions, MA, MBACP Accred, Psychotherapist
Will Sessions
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
York YO31  (Online Only)
I work with children and young people, specialising in anxiety and OCD. I help them learn new skills and attitudes to improve their ability to handle difficult thoughts and feelings and do more of what matters to them and make more room for connection. Mental health challenges encroach on their lives, make them avoid and make their world smaller. They disconnect from themselves, the things they care about and the people that matter to them. They underestimate their strengths and resources, overestimate life’s challenges and get stuck.
I work with children and young people, specialising in anxiety and OCD. I help them learn new skills and attitudes to improve their ability to handle difficult thoughts and feelings and do more of what matters to them and make more room for connection. Mental health challenges encroach on their lives, make them avoid and make their world smaller. They disconnect from themselves, the things they care about and the people that matter to them. They underestimate their strengths and resources, overestimate life’s challenges and get stuck.
020 3984 7929 View 020 3984 7929
Photo of Ruth Tarr, PhD, Psychotherapist
Ruth Tarr
Psychotherapist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York YO30  (Online Only)
Hi! I'm Ruth, a Psychotherapist, working with clients aged 8 and up, especially families, and I'd like to help you. Are you struggling with feeling anxious, overwhelmed or uncertain about your life? Do you have a child or young person experiencing anxiety, overwhelm, or having emotional moodswings that may be negatively impacting on family life? Perhaps you feel like you don't know how best to support them? Would you like to feel (or like your child to feel) more resilient, calm and balanced? Would you like help getting comfortable with your uncomfortable feelings?
Hi! I'm Ruth, a Psychotherapist, working with clients aged 8 and up, especially families, and I'd like to help you. Are you struggling with feeling anxious, overwhelmed or uncertain about your life? Do you have a child or young person experiencing anxiety, overwhelm, or having emotional moodswings that may be negatively impacting on family life? Perhaps you feel like you don't know how best to support them? Would you like to feel (or like your child to feel) more resilient, calm and balanced? Would you like help getting comfortable with your uncomfortable feelings?
01347 668074 View 01347 668074
Photo of Joanne Mander, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Joanne Mander
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
York YO30  (Online Only)
Hello there and welcome…my name is Joanne and I specialise in Couples Counselling, Psychosexual Therapy and sexual addiction. All relationships have up’s and downs, this is quite normal and we have to re-adjust when life throws up these challenges. If you are experiencing any of the difficulties below though and are finding it hard to resolve, then it may be time to seek experienced support: Do you no longer feel able to talk to your partner? Do your conversations always seem to turn into an argument? Or maybe you are experiencing loss of desire, erectile dysfunction, pain during sex which are causing you a great deal of distress.
Hello there and welcome…my name is Joanne and I specialise in Couples Counselling, Psychosexual Therapy and sexual addiction. All relationships have up’s and downs, this is quite normal and we have to re-adjust when life throws up these challenges. If you are experiencing any of the difficulties below though and are finding it hard to resolve, then it may be time to seek experienced support: Do you no longer feel able to talk to your partner? Do your conversations always seem to turn into an argument? Or maybe you are experiencing loss of desire, erectile dysfunction, pain during sex which are causing you a great deal of distress.
01538 712308 View 01538 712308
Photo of Sally Loaring, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Sally Loaring
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
York YO31
I believe that when people talk change can happen. If you have been the victim of Domestic abuse and violence, are coming to terms with childhood abuse and making sense of how this has impacted you now, are looking at loss and bereavement or making sense of your time at Boarding School, I may be a good fit for you.
I believe that when people talk change can happen. If you have been the victim of Domestic abuse and violence, are coming to terms with childhood abuse and making sense of how this has impacted you now, are looking at loss and bereavement or making sense of your time at Boarding School, I may be a good fit for you.
01904 917515 View 01904 917515
Photo of Lucy Castro, BACP, Counsellor
Lucy Castro
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
York YO31  (Online Only)
Let’s face it, shit happens. Life can change in the blink of an eye, or our choices lead us down a merry path of disappointment. Are you at a standstill, or chasing round in circles? Is it difficult to see a way through on your own? It can help to share and offload some of those burdens with someone who has your back. Therapy is an experiential process and it really helps to have someone whose job is to listen alongside.
Let’s face it, shit happens. Life can change in the blink of an eye, or our choices lead us down a merry path of disappointment. Are you at a standstill, or chasing round in circles? Is it difficult to see a way through on your own? It can help to share and offload some of those burdens with someone who has your back. Therapy is an experiential process and it really helps to have someone whose job is to listen alongside.
01889 228037 View 01889 228037
Photo of Jasmine Cortazzi, MA, MBACP, Psychotherapist
Jasmine Cortazzi
Psychotherapist, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
York YO31
Do you suffer from high levels of anxiety, self-doubt, and a tendency to be self-critical, blaming yourself for the difficulties you face? Maybe you have high standards, are a perfectionist, work hard, and are ambitious to achieve. However, challenges around relationships, anxiety, work stress, and trauma can feel overwhelming and you feel 'stuck'. No-one wants problems to impact on people we love, our work performance, or our mental health. I empower you to find calm, strength, confidence and courage to enhance your life. I work with individual adults-not couples- and also teenagers. Contact me for a free consultation.
Do you suffer from high levels of anxiety, self-doubt, and a tendency to be self-critical, blaming yourself for the difficulties you face? Maybe you have high standards, are a perfectionist, work hard, and are ambitious to achieve. However, challenges around relationships, anxiety, work stress, and trauma can feel overwhelming and you feel 'stuck'. No-one wants problems to impact on people we love, our work performance, or our mental health. I empower you to find calm, strength, confidence and courage to enhance your life. I work with individual adults-not couples- and also teenagers. Contact me for a free consultation.
01889 221614 View 01889 221614
Photo of Charlotte Harper, BACP, Counsellor
Charlotte Harper
Counsellor, BACP
Verified Verified
York YO30
Waitlist for new clients
At one point or another, most of us experience issues that require deeper attention and support. Whether that's feeling generally low and lacking enthusiasm for life, battling with depression, anxiety or bereavement, counselling can support you to get back on track. As well as these issues, I have a particular interest in disordered eating and family relationship struggles. Don't wait until you're on the brink of collapse before reaching out. Counselling can help you gain perspective, put your thoughts and feelings in order and carve a path back to happiness.
At one point or another, most of us experience issues that require deeper attention and support. Whether that's feeling generally low and lacking enthusiasm for life, battling with depression, anxiety or bereavement, counselling can support you to get back on track. As well as these issues, I have a particular interest in disordered eating and family relationship struggles. Don't wait until you're on the brink of collapse before reaching out. Counselling can help you gain perspective, put your thoughts and feelings in order and carve a path back to happiness.
01423 224115 View 01423 224115
Photo of Victoria Adam (Trauma Specialist), MBABCP, Psychotherapist
Victoria Adam (Trauma Specialist)
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
York YO30  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping people not only to feel better after a therapy session, but also to have insights, techniques, and support to feel better in the long term. I will work with you to understand how your psychological issues developed, what is maintaining them and how you can overcome them, in a safe and supportive way. After each session I will send you an email with key learning, helpful reflections and insights you gained and resources to build on our session across the week. I run my private practice alongside my role in a busy NHS trust where I have delivered psychological therapy and supervision for the past 12 years
I am passionate about helping people not only to feel better after a therapy session, but also to have insights, techniques, and support to feel better in the long term. I will work with you to understand how your psychological issues developed, what is maintaining them and how you can overcome them, in a safe and supportive way. After each session I will send you an email with key learning, helpful reflections and insights you gained and resources to build on our session across the week. I run my private practice alongside my role in a busy NHS trust where I have delivered psychological therapy and supervision for the past 12 years
01757 606900 View 01757 606900
Photo of Danny Ford, MA, PNCPS Acc., Psychotherapist
Danny Ford
Psychotherapist, MA, PNCPS Acc.
Verified Verified
York YO31
Do you feel different than other people, like nobody seems to understand you? Do you often feel like an outsider? Perhaps you have trouble standing up for yourself or speaking your truth. Do you tend to cater to other people's needs and don’t get what you need? Do people sometimes tell you that you're a loving and giving person, but you feel flawed and unlovable? Do you feel uncomfortable in social situations, fearing that people will reject you if you stand out? Do you feel depressed? Do you often feel anxious? Perhaps you often don’t know what you need or want. Are you very hard on yourself and have lots of self-critical thoughts?
Do you feel different than other people, like nobody seems to understand you? Do you often feel like an outsider? Perhaps you have trouble standing up for yourself or speaking your truth. Do you tend to cater to other people's needs and don’t get what you need? Do people sometimes tell you that you're a loving and giving person, but you feel flawed and unlovable? Do you feel uncomfortable in social situations, fearing that people will reject you if you stand out? Do you feel depressed? Do you often feel anxious? Perhaps you often don’t know what you need or want. Are you very hard on yourself and have lots of self-critical thoughts?
01924 975540 View 01924 975540
Photo of Dr Rachel Crane, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Rachel Crane
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
York YO31
I offer a compassionate and supportive space to work towards goals of effectively handling difficult thoughts, feelings and experiences. I support clients to gain a deeper insight into what is most important and meaningful to them, which helps to make significant changes, fostering personal growth and well-being, creating a rich and values-focused life. I am committed to creating a therapeutic space that is collaborative and non-judgmental and draws on a number of evidence-based models to best suit the needs of each client allowing them to make sense of their difficulties and adopt new ways to cope.
I offer a compassionate and supportive space to work towards goals of effectively handling difficult thoughts, feelings and experiences. I support clients to gain a deeper insight into what is most important and meaningful to them, which helps to make significant changes, fostering personal growth and well-being, creating a rich and values-focused life. I am committed to creating a therapeutic space that is collaborative and non-judgmental and draws on a number of evidence-based models to best suit the needs of each client allowing them to make sense of their difficulties and adopt new ways to cope.
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Photo of Dr Stephen Bainbridge, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych., Psychologist
Dr Stephen Bainbridge
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
York YO30
Hello and thank you for looking at my profile in this directory. I am a senior and experienced Chartered Clinical Psychologist and EMDR Consultant & Clinical Supervisor based in York and located at Clifton Moor. I have worked in private practice for over 15 years and in the NHS in various mental health services for over 22 years.
Hello and thank you for looking at my profile in this directory. I am a senior and experienced Chartered Clinical Psychologist and EMDR Consultant & Clinical Supervisor based in York and located at Clifton Moor. I have worked in private practice for over 15 years and in the NHS in various mental health services for over 22 years.
01347 668080 View 01347 668080
Photo of Joanne Poole, MA, MBACP, Counsellor
Joanne Poole
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
York YO30
Are you feeling stuck, unheard, unworthy? Are you living your best life, or is something holding you back? Life is challenging at times. Many things can trigger our internal critic, making us believe we are 'less than’ or are failing. We dwell in the past, worrying about mistakes, reliving painful events, remembering unhealthy relationships. It can feel impossible to see a way forward. There are many human emotions - are yours feeling balanced, or are one or two overwhelming the others?
Are you feeling stuck, unheard, unworthy? Are you living your best life, or is something holding you back? Life is challenging at times. Many things can trigger our internal critic, making us believe we are 'less than’ or are failing. We dwell in the past, worrying about mistakes, reliving painful events, remembering unhealthy relationships. It can feel impossible to see a way forward. There are many human emotions - are yours feeling balanced, or are one or two overwhelming the others?
01889 227321 View 01889 227321
Photo of Izzy Savege, MA, HCPC-Art Therap., Psychotherapist
Izzy Savege
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Art Therap.
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
York YO31  (Online Only)
Hello there! I’m Izzy, a queer Art Therapist, Ecotherapist, workshop creator and artist. Whether it's anxiety, stress, burnout or stuckness - I would love to support you. I'll help you to embrace your creativity, increase your resilience and feel resourced to navigate the ups and downs. Many of the people I work with are creative or queer, or both, but you don't have to have arty experience to benefit from Art Therapy.
Hello there! I’m Izzy, a queer Art Therapist, Ecotherapist, workshop creator and artist. Whether it's anxiety, stress, burnout or stuckness - I would love to support you. I'll help you to embrace your creativity, increase your resilience and feel resourced to navigate the ups and downs. Many of the people I work with are creative or queer, or both, but you don't have to have arty experience to benefit from Art Therapy.
01904 949324 View 01904 949324
Photo of Jane louise Hupston - Counselling by Jane & Animal Assisted Therapy, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Counselling by Jane & Animal Assisted Therapy
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
York YO32
I am a Senior Accredited Counsellor. By talking & exploring your thoughts & feelings, you will discover underlying issues and discover strategies and new ways to cope & manage better. Therapy will help you gain a true sense of self & discover your potential. Any negative experiences or self-doubts you have, we will work through together so you overcome & find a more positive direction. Therapy will empower you to take control of your life. Therapy pets are available to sit with you throughout your sessions. I’m trained in Rewind Therapy for trauma. I hold a Certificate & Diploma in Supervision should any therapists require support.
I am a Senior Accredited Counsellor. By talking & exploring your thoughts & feelings, you will discover underlying issues and discover strategies and new ways to cope & manage better. Therapy will help you gain a true sense of self & discover your potential. Any negative experiences or self-doubts you have, we will work through together so you overcome & find a more positive direction. Therapy will empower you to take control of your life. Therapy pets are available to sit with you throughout your sessions. I’m trained in Rewind Therapy for trauma. I hold a Certificate & Diploma in Supervision should any therapists require support.
01723 333046 View 01723 333046
Photo of Madeleine Bentley, MA, MBACP Accred, Counsellor
Madeleine Bentley
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
York YO31
I am an experienced BACP accredited counsellor based in Heworth, York, YO31. I work with people who are finding life, relationships, work and study difficult for many reasons. I am particularly experienced at working with adults aged 18-40, university students and autistic people. In person and online sessions available. Tuesday & Wednesday day times. Sessions can be weekly or fortnightly to suit you.
I am an experienced BACP accredited counsellor based in Heworth, York, YO31. I work with people who are finding life, relationships, work and study difficult for many reasons. I am particularly experienced at working with adults aged 18-40, university students and autistic people. In person and online sessions available. Tuesday & Wednesday day times. Sessions can be weekly or fortnightly to suit you.
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How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Haxby

< 10

Counsellors in Haxby who prioritize treating:

100% Depression
100% Anxiety
100% Bereavement
100% Trauma and PTSD
100% Coping Skills
100% Self Esteem
75% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aviva
100% AXA PPP
50% Vitality

How Counsellors in Haxby see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Haxby?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.